文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月15日
Family - Ranunculaceae
Stems - To 25cm tall, from thick rhizome, hirsute, (at least in upper portions), herbaceous, with only two leaves.
Leaves - Two, alternate, double or triple serrate, pubescent above and below. Lower leaf petiolate, 5-11 palmately lobed, to +10cm broad, +8cm long. Petiole hirsute, to +2cm long. Upper leaf sessile, typically smaller than lower leaf.
Inflorescence - A single flower per plant, terminating stem.
Flowers - One, apetalous. Sepals 3, shed at anthesis. Stamens many(+50). Filaments white, glabrous, thicker at apex than base, to 1mm thick, 8-9mm long, curved. Anthers yellow, to 1mm long. Peduncle to +2cm long, thick, hirsute. Fruit a sub-globose cluster of red berries, to 1.3cm broad.
Flowering - April - May.
Habitat - Rich slopes, woods, ravines, thickets.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is a fairly common plant which is often dug for medicinal reasons. The plant contains different alkaloids and was used in folk medicine to combat everything from cancer to stomach aches. It is, however, toxic and should not be eaten. Please admire the plant for its beauty and don't pick it!
Stems - To 25cm tall, from thick rhizome, hirsute, (at least in upper portions), herbaceous, with only two leaves.
Leaves - Two, alternate, double or triple serrate, pubescent above and below. Lower leaf petiolate, 5-11 palmately lobed, to +10cm broad, +8cm long. Petiole hirsute, to +2cm long. Upper leaf sessile, typically smaller than lower leaf.
Inflorescence - A single flower per plant, terminating stem.
Flowers - One, apetalous. Sepals 3, shed at anthesis. Stamens many(+50). Filaments white, glabrous, thicker at apex than base, to 1mm thick, 8-9mm long, curved. Anthers yellow, to 1mm long. Peduncle to +2cm long, thick, hirsute. Fruit a sub-globose cluster of red berries, to 1.3cm broad.
Flowering - April - May.
Habitat - Rich slopes, woods, ravines, thickets.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is a fairly common plant which is often dug for medicinal reasons. The plant contains different alkaloids and was used in folk medicine to combat everything from cancer to stomach aches. It is, however, toxic and should not be eaten. Please admire the plant for its beauty and don't pick it!
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月15日
Family - Rosaceae
Stems - Acaulescent. Leaves and inflorescences from short crown. Plants stoloniferous and rhizomatous.
Leaves - Basal, trifoliolate, petiolate, stipulate. Stipules acute, 2cm long, 5-6mm broad, glabrous except for villous midvein. Petioles to +16cm long, pilose or with appressed pubescence. Leaflets lance-ovate to obovate, glabrous above, sericeous below, to -5cm long, +/-2.6cm broad, serrate-dentate on upper portion of margins, entire near base. Terminal leaflet on slightly longer petiolule than lateral leaflets. Lateral leaflets oblique at base.
Inflorescence - Open corymbiform cluster. Peduncle to 15cm long, pilose. Pedicels pilose or with appressed pubescence, to 1.3cm long.
Flowers - Petals 5, white, to 8mm long, 5.5mm broad, glabrous, orbicular to broadly obovate, spreading. Stamens many(+20), borne at edge of receptacle. Filaments 1.5mm long, yellow, glabrous. Anthers yellow. Pistils many. Hypanthium broadly conic, 2mm tall(long). sericeous. Bracts 5, linear, to +/-5mm long, 1.2mm broad, sericeous, alternating with sepals. Sepals acuminate, +/-5mm long, 2.2mm broad at base, sericeous. Fruit red, accessory, with many small achenes on surface, to +/-1.5cm long, a strawberry for goodness sakes.
Flowering - April - May.
Habitat - Open slopes, prairies, rocky open ground, open woods, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - What else can I say? It's a strawberry plant, plain and simple. The strawberries you buy in the store, (F. x ananassa), are hybrids of this species and F. chiloensis (L.) Duchn. from Europe. The European strawberries have the size but no flavor and our plants have the taste but no size. The hybrid typically has both.
F. virginiana has smaller flowers than the hybrid plants, which occasionally escape cultivation in our area. The leaves of F. virginiana are typically trifoliolate but sometimes have a an extra pair of reduced leaflets also.
Stems - Acaulescent. Leaves and inflorescences from short crown. Plants stoloniferous and rhizomatous.
Leaves - Basal, trifoliolate, petiolate, stipulate. Stipules acute, 2cm long, 5-6mm broad, glabrous except for villous midvein. Petioles to +16cm long, pilose or with appressed pubescence. Leaflets lance-ovate to obovate, glabrous above, sericeous below, to -5cm long, +/-2.6cm broad, serrate-dentate on upper portion of margins, entire near base. Terminal leaflet on slightly longer petiolule than lateral leaflets. Lateral leaflets oblique at base.
Inflorescence - Open corymbiform cluster. Peduncle to 15cm long, pilose. Pedicels pilose or with appressed pubescence, to 1.3cm long.
Flowers - Petals 5, white, to 8mm long, 5.5mm broad, glabrous, orbicular to broadly obovate, spreading. Stamens many(+20), borne at edge of receptacle. Filaments 1.5mm long, yellow, glabrous. Anthers yellow. Pistils many. Hypanthium broadly conic, 2mm tall(long). sericeous. Bracts 5, linear, to +/-5mm long, 1.2mm broad, sericeous, alternating with sepals. Sepals acuminate, +/-5mm long, 2.2mm broad at base, sericeous. Fruit red, accessory, with many small achenes on surface, to +/-1.5cm long, a strawberry for goodness sakes.
Flowering - April - May.
Habitat - Open slopes, prairies, rocky open ground, open woods, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - What else can I say? It's a strawberry plant, plain and simple. The strawberries you buy in the store, (F. x ananassa), are hybrids of this species and F. chiloensis (L.) Duchn. from Europe. The European strawberries have the size but no flavor and our plants have the taste but no size. The hybrid typically has both.
F. virginiana has smaller flowers than the hybrid plants, which occasionally escape cultivation in our area. The leaves of F. virginiana are typically trifoliolate but sometimes have a an extra pair of reduced leaflets also.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月15日
Family - Fabaceae
Stems - Herbaceous, erect, from a woody caudex, to 45cm tall, retrorse pubescent, sparse glandular pubescent also, typically unbranched.
Leaves - Alternate, stipulate, trifoliolate, petiolate. Stipules fugacious, to 5-6mm long, 1mm broad, antrorse pubescent. Petioles to 7cm long, with an adaxial groove, 4-angled, sparse antrorse pubescent and puberulent. Swollen portion at base of petiole to 4mm long. Lateral leaflets entire, ovate, acute, oblique, green above, silvery green below, pubescent. Petiolules to 3mm long, pubescent. Terminal leaflet rhombic to broadly ovate, with a petiolule to 1.5cm long, colored and pubescent as lateral leaflets, entire, acute.
Inflorescence - Loose axillary racemes and panicles, compact in flower, elongated in fruit. Axis of inflorescence glandular pubescent. Pedicels to -5mm long in flower, longer in fruit, subtended by a small subulate bract. Bract to 3mm long, -1mm broad.
Flowers - Corolla papilionaceous, to 9mm broad, 4-5mm long, white. Standard -5mm long, glabrous. Wing petals spreading, 4mm long, to 2mm broad. Keels deflexed, same size as wing petals. Stamens diadelphous, the free apices curled. Tube white and glabrous. Anthers pale yellow, .2mm long. Ovary green, pubescent, 3-4mm long, compressed. Style glabrous and curved, -1.4mm long. Calyx bilabiate, glandular and antrorse pubescent. Upper lip shallowly lobed, with a notch at apex. Lower lip 3-lobed. Center lobe short-acuminate, -1mm long. Loments typically 2.
Flowering - June - September.
Habitat - Rich, moist woods, ravines, bases of bluffs.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This small species is found in the southern 1/2 of Missouri. The plant is rarely seen by common folk because of the habitat in which it lives and its indistinct appearance. This species resembles other species in the genus but is distinguished by its pure white flowers and short stature. It can form colonies when growing in favorable conditions.
Stems - Herbaceous, erect, from a woody caudex, to 45cm tall, retrorse pubescent, sparse glandular pubescent also, typically unbranched.
Leaves - Alternate, stipulate, trifoliolate, petiolate. Stipules fugacious, to 5-6mm long, 1mm broad, antrorse pubescent. Petioles to 7cm long, with an adaxial groove, 4-angled, sparse antrorse pubescent and puberulent. Swollen portion at base of petiole to 4mm long. Lateral leaflets entire, ovate, acute, oblique, green above, silvery green below, pubescent. Petiolules to 3mm long, pubescent. Terminal leaflet rhombic to broadly ovate, with a petiolule to 1.5cm long, colored and pubescent as lateral leaflets, entire, acute.
Inflorescence - Loose axillary racemes and panicles, compact in flower, elongated in fruit. Axis of inflorescence glandular pubescent. Pedicels to -5mm long in flower, longer in fruit, subtended by a small subulate bract. Bract to 3mm long, -1mm broad.
Flowers - Corolla papilionaceous, to 9mm broad, 4-5mm long, white. Standard -5mm long, glabrous. Wing petals spreading, 4mm long, to 2mm broad. Keels deflexed, same size as wing petals. Stamens diadelphous, the free apices curled. Tube white and glabrous. Anthers pale yellow, .2mm long. Ovary green, pubescent, 3-4mm long, compressed. Style glabrous and curved, -1.4mm long. Calyx bilabiate, glandular and antrorse pubescent. Upper lip shallowly lobed, with a notch at apex. Lower lip 3-lobed. Center lobe short-acuminate, -1mm long. Loments typically 2.
Flowering - June - September.
Habitat - Rich, moist woods, ravines, bases of bluffs.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This small species is found in the southern 1/2 of Missouri. The plant is rarely seen by common folk because of the habitat in which it lives and its indistinct appearance. This species resembles other species in the genus but is distinguished by its pure white flowers and short stature. It can form colonies when growing in favorable conditions.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月14日
Family - Brassicaceae
Stems - To +20cm tall, erect, herbaceous, glabrous or pubescent in upper portions, from thick rhizomes.
Leaves - Two or three per plant, alternate, 3-5 palmately lobed, variable. Lobes linear-lanceolate, coarsely toothed (laciniate) to entire, glabrous, 6cm long, 1cm broad. Teeth of lobes mucronate (minutely). Petioles glabrous to pubescent.
Inflorescence - Terminal raceme, compact early but quickly elongating, axis short hirsute, pedicels +/-1cm, elongated in fruit, pubescent to glabrous.
Flowers - Petals 4, whitish with a hint of pink, 5mm broad, 1.6cm long, ligulate, glabrous, rounded at the apex, attenuate at the base. Stamens 6, filaments 8mm long, anthers yellow. Style erect, 7mm long. Ovary terete, longer than broad. Stigma globose. Sepals 4, oblong, brownish-green with lighter margins, entire, glabrous, to 3mm long. Fruits terete, 2-5cm long, +/-2mm in diameter, glabrous.
Flowering - March - May.
Habitat - Low woods, slopes, ravines.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is an interesting little member of the Brassicaceae which is found in woodland habitats. It is a characteristic spring woodland plant in Missouri. The flowers are larger than those of most genera in the same family. This species is highly variable, especially the leaves. The large flowers and 3-5-lobed leaves are the characteristics to look for when trying to ID this plant.
The genus name comes from the Latin "dens" which means "tooth", not for the toothed leaves, but rather for the scales of the rhizomes and roots.
A synonym is Cardamine concatenata (Michx.) O. Schwarz.
Stems - To +20cm tall, erect, herbaceous, glabrous or pubescent in upper portions, from thick rhizomes.
Leaves - Two or three per plant, alternate, 3-5 palmately lobed, variable. Lobes linear-lanceolate, coarsely toothed (laciniate) to entire, glabrous, 6cm long, 1cm broad. Teeth of lobes mucronate (minutely). Petioles glabrous to pubescent.
Inflorescence - Terminal raceme, compact early but quickly elongating, axis short hirsute, pedicels +/-1cm, elongated in fruit, pubescent to glabrous.
Flowers - Petals 4, whitish with a hint of pink, 5mm broad, 1.6cm long, ligulate, glabrous, rounded at the apex, attenuate at the base. Stamens 6, filaments 8mm long, anthers yellow. Style erect, 7mm long. Ovary terete, longer than broad. Stigma globose. Sepals 4, oblong, brownish-green with lighter margins, entire, glabrous, to 3mm long. Fruits terete, 2-5cm long, +/-2mm in diameter, glabrous.
Flowering - March - May.
Habitat - Low woods, slopes, ravines.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is an interesting little member of the Brassicaceae which is found in woodland habitats. It is a characteristic spring woodland plant in Missouri. The flowers are larger than those of most genera in the same family. This species is highly variable, especially the leaves. The large flowers and 3-5-lobed leaves are the characteristics to look for when trying to ID this plant.
The genus name comes from the Latin "dens" which means "tooth", not for the toothed leaves, but rather for the scales of the rhizomes and roots.
A synonym is Cardamine concatenata (Michx.) O. Schwarz.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月14日
Family - Convolvulaceae
Stems - Trailing, twining, herbaceous, glabrous to pubescent, appearing 4-5 angled because of twisting of stem.
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate, variable in shape from ovate to elliptic, to 10cm long, +/-5cm broad, hastate to sagittate or cordate. Petiole to +3cm long, with adaxial groove, pubescent to glabrous. Blade glabrous or pubescent. Basal lobes acute to obtuse. Leaf margins often undulate.
Inflorescence - Flowers either single or in loose cymes of up to 3 flowers. Peduncle to +6cm long, with opposite to subopposite pair of bracts at apex(subtending pedicels), pubescent. Bracts to +4mm long. Pedicels to -2cm long, with pair of opposite to subopposite bracts in middle, pubescent to tomentose. Bracts to +/-3mm long, linear.
Flowers - Corolla funnelform, white or tinged with pink, to +/-3cm broad, -2cm long, glabrous internally, glabrous to sparse puberulent externally. Stamens 5, adnate at base of corolla tube. Filaments to 1cm long, flattened and broad at base(to 1.2mm broad), terete above, clavate pubescent near base, white. Anthers whitish-pink, to 3mm long. Style white, glabrous, 1cm long. Stigmas 2, 3-4mm long, white to pale yellow. Ovary subtended(surrounded) by orange nectar ring. Ovary white, glabrous to pubescent, superior, 2mm long, 2-locular. Sepals 5, green and often with tiny brownish tip, glabrous, 4mm long, 2.1mm broad, scarious near apex, distinct. Fruit a glabrous 4-valved capsule to +/-6mm long.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - Waste ground, disturbed sites, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to Europe and Asia.
Other info. - According to Steyermark there are two forms in Missouri. Form arvensis (pictured above) has lobes at the base of the leaves being pointed (acutely), the leaf blade itself can be from sagittate to ovate-triangular. Form cordifolius has lobes which are rounded and a broad cordate leaf blade.
This species is quite common and weedy. It primarily stays low or on the ground but can climb by twining. The species name "arvensis" means "from cultivated fields" or "of cultivated fields" telling of the plants pioneering and invasive nature.
The pubescence of the plant is highly variable.
Stems - Trailing, twining, herbaceous, glabrous to pubescent, appearing 4-5 angled because of twisting of stem.
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate, variable in shape from ovate to elliptic, to 10cm long, +/-5cm broad, hastate to sagittate or cordate. Petiole to +3cm long, with adaxial groove, pubescent to glabrous. Blade glabrous or pubescent. Basal lobes acute to obtuse. Leaf margins often undulate.
Inflorescence - Flowers either single or in loose cymes of up to 3 flowers. Peduncle to +6cm long, with opposite to subopposite pair of bracts at apex(subtending pedicels), pubescent. Bracts to +4mm long. Pedicels to -2cm long, with pair of opposite to subopposite bracts in middle, pubescent to tomentose. Bracts to +/-3mm long, linear.
Flowers - Corolla funnelform, white or tinged with pink, to +/-3cm broad, -2cm long, glabrous internally, glabrous to sparse puberulent externally. Stamens 5, adnate at base of corolla tube. Filaments to 1cm long, flattened and broad at base(to 1.2mm broad), terete above, clavate pubescent near base, white. Anthers whitish-pink, to 3mm long. Style white, glabrous, 1cm long. Stigmas 2, 3-4mm long, white to pale yellow. Ovary subtended(surrounded) by orange nectar ring. Ovary white, glabrous to pubescent, superior, 2mm long, 2-locular. Sepals 5, green and often with tiny brownish tip, glabrous, 4mm long, 2.1mm broad, scarious near apex, distinct. Fruit a glabrous 4-valved capsule to +/-6mm long.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - Waste ground, disturbed sites, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to Europe and Asia.
Other info. - According to Steyermark there are two forms in Missouri. Form arvensis (pictured above) has lobes at the base of the leaves being pointed (acutely), the leaf blade itself can be from sagittate to ovate-triangular. Form cordifolius has lobes which are rounded and a broad cordate leaf blade.
This species is quite common and weedy. It primarily stays low or on the ground but can climb by twining. The species name "arvensis" means "from cultivated fields" or "of cultivated fields" telling of the plants pioneering and invasive nature.
The pubescence of the plant is highly variable.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月14日
Family - Brassicaceae
Stems - Multiple from the base, erect to ascending, herbaceous, mostly unbranched (except at apex), to 1m tall, scabrous from dense forked and stellate pubescence.
Leaves - Alternate, sessile. Blades linear-elliptic, entire, 5-8cm long, +/-1cm broad, rounded to subacute at apex, stellate pubescent above and below, reduced upward on stem.
Inflorescence - Terminal and lateral racemes to +/-25cm long. Racemes dense in flower, quickly elongating in fruit. Pedicels ascending, to 7-8mm long, stellate and forked pubescent.
Flowers - Petals 4, 5-7mm long, deeply notched at apex, tapering at base, glabrous. Lobes rounded to acute at apex. Stamens 6, erect, glabrous, white, 3-4mm long. Anthers yellow, to 1mm long. Ovary superior, green, densely stellate pubescent, 1mm long in flower. Style green, to 2mm long, sparse stellate pubescent, persistent in fruit. Sepals 4, erect, densely stellate pubescent externally, glabrous internally, 3-4mm long, to 1mm broad, with scarious margins, elliptic, acute. Silicle 6-7mm long, elliptic-ovate to orbicular, stellate pubescent, beaked, with 6-10 seeds. Beak to 2mm long.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - Roadsides, railroads, waste ground.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This striking species is rare in Missouri but is becoming more common. The plant is very common in more northern states and is spreading throughout much of eastern North America. The plant is easy to ID in the field because of its deeply divided white petals and gray stellate pubescence.
Stems - Multiple from the base, erect to ascending, herbaceous, mostly unbranched (except at apex), to 1m tall, scabrous from dense forked and stellate pubescence.
Leaves - Alternate, sessile. Blades linear-elliptic, entire, 5-8cm long, +/-1cm broad, rounded to subacute at apex, stellate pubescent above and below, reduced upward on stem.
Inflorescence - Terminal and lateral racemes to +/-25cm long. Racemes dense in flower, quickly elongating in fruit. Pedicels ascending, to 7-8mm long, stellate and forked pubescent.
Flowers - Petals 4, 5-7mm long, deeply notched at apex, tapering at base, glabrous. Lobes rounded to acute at apex. Stamens 6, erect, glabrous, white, 3-4mm long. Anthers yellow, to 1mm long. Ovary superior, green, densely stellate pubescent, 1mm long in flower. Style green, to 2mm long, sparse stellate pubescent, persistent in fruit. Sepals 4, erect, densely stellate pubescent externally, glabrous internally, 3-4mm long, to 1mm broad, with scarious margins, elliptic, acute. Silicle 6-7mm long, elliptic-ovate to orbicular, stellate pubescent, beaked, with 6-10 seeds. Beak to 2mm long.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - Roadsides, railroads, waste ground.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This striking species is rare in Missouri but is becoming more common. The plant is very common in more northern states and is spreading throughout much of eastern North America. The plant is easy to ID in the field because of its deeply divided white petals and gray stellate pubescence.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月13日
Family - Ranunculaceae
Stems - To +30cm tall, from rhizomes, herbaceous, erect, terete, sparse sericeous, simple.
Leaves - Basal leaves palmately divided into 3-5 lobes. Lobes divided again, toothed near apex, typically entire in lower half, sericeous below, less so above, +/-12cm broad and long. Petioles to +/-15cm long, sericeous. Cauline leaves(involucre bracts) sessile, 3-lobed, 8-9cm broad and long, sericeous. Lobes again divided, toothed near apex, entire in lower half.
Inflorescence - Single flowers or loose cymes terminating stems. Pedicels to +8cm long, sericeous, 1.5mm in diameter.
Flowers - To -5cm broad. Petaloid sepals 5, white, glabrous, obovate to elliptic, equal or subequal, obtuse or emarginate at apex, to +2cm long, +1.5cm broad. Stamens many(+100), borne beneath pistils. Filaments glabrous. Anthers yellow, to +1mm long.
Flowering - May - July.
Habitat - Low moist ground, flood plains, low woods.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - The big white flowers and palmate leaves of this plant are unmistakable. The plant is common and can be found in large colonies. Because it favors locations near water, you may encounter other interesting species when hunting the plant. One such species is Nerodia sipedon sipedon. This specimen was basking itself on a warm gravel road after a cool night:
Stems - To +30cm tall, from rhizomes, herbaceous, erect, terete, sparse sericeous, simple.
Leaves - Basal leaves palmately divided into 3-5 lobes. Lobes divided again, toothed near apex, typically entire in lower half, sericeous below, less so above, +/-12cm broad and long. Petioles to +/-15cm long, sericeous. Cauline leaves(involucre bracts) sessile, 3-lobed, 8-9cm broad and long, sericeous. Lobes again divided, toothed near apex, entire in lower half.
Inflorescence - Single flowers or loose cymes terminating stems. Pedicels to +8cm long, sericeous, 1.5mm in diameter.
Flowers - To -5cm broad. Petaloid sepals 5, white, glabrous, obovate to elliptic, equal or subequal, obtuse or emarginate at apex, to +2cm long, +1.5cm broad. Stamens many(+100), borne beneath pistils. Filaments glabrous. Anthers yellow, to +1mm long.
Flowering - May - July.
Habitat - Low moist ground, flood plains, low woods.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - The big white flowers and palmate leaves of this plant are unmistakable. The plant is common and can be found in large colonies. Because it favors locations near water, you may encounter other interesting species when hunting the plant. One such species is Nerodia sipedon sipedon. This specimen was basking itself on a warm gravel road after a cool night:
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月13日
Family - Simaroubaceae
Stems - No info. yet.
Leaves - No info. yet.
Inflorescence - No info. yet.
Flowers - Staminate flowers - Fetid. Pedicels to 6mm long, sparse pubescent. Calyx tube 1mm long, 2mm broad, 5-lobed. Lobes acute, .8mm long. Petals 5, cupped, greenish-white, 3.5mm long, alternating with the calyx lobes, 3.5mm long, 1.2mm broad, densely pubescent near the base abaxially, also pubescent on the margins and some adaxially. Stamens 10, erect to spreading. Filaments densely pubescent (at least in the basal 1/2), white, 2.5mm long. Anthers yellow, 1.2mm long.
Flowering - May - June.
Habitat - Waste ground, along streams, base of bluffs, thickets, roadsides, railroads, commonly cultivated.
Origin - Native to Asia.
Other info. - This common tree can be found scattered throughout Missouri in the wild and is widely cultivated. The plant grows fast and is quite a noxious weed. It also grows well from seed. It should not be willingly spread in the wild. Trees can be staminate, pistillate, or perfect. Only the staminate plants have a bad odor when flowering.
A. altissima has been used medicinally in the past. A tea made from the bark is used to treat diarrhea, dysentery, and tapeworms. Large doses of the tea, however, may be toxic. The tree has also been shown to have antimalarial properties. In China, some cases of hay fever have been attributed to the plant.
The wood of this species can be mixed with other hardwoods for pulp in the paper-making process. Sap from the wood has been known to give cause rashes in some people.
Stems - No info. yet.
Leaves - No info. yet.
Inflorescence - No info. yet.
Flowers - Staminate flowers - Fetid. Pedicels to 6mm long, sparse pubescent. Calyx tube 1mm long, 2mm broad, 5-lobed. Lobes acute, .8mm long. Petals 5, cupped, greenish-white, 3.5mm long, alternating with the calyx lobes, 3.5mm long, 1.2mm broad, densely pubescent near the base abaxially, also pubescent on the margins and some adaxially. Stamens 10, erect to spreading. Filaments densely pubescent (at least in the basal 1/2), white, 2.5mm long. Anthers yellow, 1.2mm long.
Flowering - May - June.
Habitat - Waste ground, along streams, base of bluffs, thickets, roadsides, railroads, commonly cultivated.
Origin - Native to Asia.
Other info. - This common tree can be found scattered throughout Missouri in the wild and is widely cultivated. The plant grows fast and is quite a noxious weed. It also grows well from seed. It should not be willingly spread in the wild. Trees can be staminate, pistillate, or perfect. Only the staminate plants have a bad odor when flowering.
A. altissima has been used medicinally in the past. A tea made from the bark is used to treat diarrhea, dysentery, and tapeworms. Large doses of the tea, however, may be toxic. The tree has also been shown to have antimalarial properties. In China, some cases of hay fever have been attributed to the plant.
The wood of this species can be mixed with other hardwoods for pulp in the paper-making process. Sap from the wood has been known to give cause rashes in some people.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月12日
Family - Caprifoliaceae
Stems - Woody, multiple. A shrub to 2m tall. Twigs glabrous.
Inflorescence - Terminal, dome-shaped cymes. Dense and appearing as a compound umbel, with copper-colored glands.
Flowers - Corolla whitish, 5-lobed(petals united), to 9mm broad. Lobes 3mm long and wide. Stamens 5, borne at base of corolla tube, well exserted, erect. Filaments to 4mm long, glabrous. Anthers yellow, to 1.2mm long. Style thick, .7mm long. Calyx tube to 2mm long, 1.2mm in diameter, glabrous, 5-lobed. Lobes to .8mm broad, .5mm long. Fruits purplish-black, ellipsoid to globose, to +1cm long, single-seeded (drupes).
Flowering - April - May.
Habitat - Low woods, moist soils, slopes, thickets. Also cultivated.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This species can be found throughout Missouri but is apparently absent from a few counties in the extreme northwest corner of the state. The plant can be identified by its opposite leaves (which resemble those of the genus Prunus or Pyrus), its tan, thin leaf buds, and its big clusters of white flowers.
The fruits of this species are edible. The plant has been cultivated for some time and would make a good garden specimen plant.
Stems - Woody, multiple. A shrub to 2m tall. Twigs glabrous.
Inflorescence - Terminal, dome-shaped cymes. Dense and appearing as a compound umbel, with copper-colored glands.
Flowers - Corolla whitish, 5-lobed(petals united), to 9mm broad. Lobes 3mm long and wide. Stamens 5, borne at base of corolla tube, well exserted, erect. Filaments to 4mm long, glabrous. Anthers yellow, to 1.2mm long. Style thick, .7mm long. Calyx tube to 2mm long, 1.2mm in diameter, glabrous, 5-lobed. Lobes to .8mm broad, .5mm long. Fruits purplish-black, ellipsoid to globose, to +1cm long, single-seeded (drupes).
Flowering - April - May.
Habitat - Low woods, moist soils, slopes, thickets. Also cultivated.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This species can be found throughout Missouri but is apparently absent from a few counties in the extreme northwest corner of the state. The plant can be identified by its opposite leaves (which resemble those of the genus Prunus or Pyrus), its tan, thin leaf buds, and its big clusters of white flowers.
The fruits of this species are edible. The plant has been cultivated for some time and would make a good garden specimen plant.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月12日
Family - Caprifoliaceae
Stems - Woody, multiple. A shrub to 5m tall. Twigs appearing somewhat glaucous but actually glabrous. New seasons growth glabrous, 5(6)-angled, with longitudinal grooves.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate, typically rounded but sometimes slightly cordate at base, toothed, orbicular to broadly-ovate, to 7.5cm long, lower surface dull green with tufts of hairs mostly in vein axils or on veins, upper surface shiny deeper green, glabrous.
Inflorescence - Terminal, compound cymes (resembling compound umbels), to +13cm broad. Pedicles glabrous or with ferruginous stalked and sessile glands. Small scarious bracts present at base of each division of inflorescence.
Flowers - Corolla white, 4-5mm broad, 5-lobed, glabrous internally or with very few sparse hairs, glabrous externally, tube to 1.2mm long, 2-3mm broad, campanulate. Stamens 5, well exserted, alternating with corolla lobes. Filaments to 4mm long, white, glabrous, borne at base of corolla tube. Anthers yellow, .6mm long. Calyx tube to 2mm long, 1mm broad, cylindric, glabrous, 5-lobed. Lobes greenish-white, very small, tuberculate.
Flowering - May - June.
Habitat - Low alluvial woods on terraces and wooded slopes. Widely cultivated.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This plant is just one of the many species in this genus cultivated in Missouri. The plant can be identified by its suborbicular, dentate leaves (which have deeply impressed lateral veins).
Natives used the wood from the tree to make arrows for hunting. They also used the inner bark as a tobacco substitute.
Stems - Woody, multiple. A shrub to 5m tall. Twigs appearing somewhat glaucous but actually glabrous. New seasons growth glabrous, 5(6)-angled, with longitudinal grooves.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate, typically rounded but sometimes slightly cordate at base, toothed, orbicular to broadly-ovate, to 7.5cm long, lower surface dull green with tufts of hairs mostly in vein axils or on veins, upper surface shiny deeper green, glabrous.
Inflorescence - Terminal, compound cymes (resembling compound umbels), to +13cm broad. Pedicles glabrous or with ferruginous stalked and sessile glands. Small scarious bracts present at base of each division of inflorescence.
Flowers - Corolla white, 4-5mm broad, 5-lobed, glabrous internally or with very few sparse hairs, glabrous externally, tube to 1.2mm long, 2-3mm broad, campanulate. Stamens 5, well exserted, alternating with corolla lobes. Filaments to 4mm long, white, glabrous, borne at base of corolla tube. Anthers yellow, .6mm long. Calyx tube to 2mm long, 1mm broad, cylindric, glabrous, 5-lobed. Lobes greenish-white, very small, tuberculate.
Flowering - May - June.
Habitat - Low alluvial woods on terraces and wooded slopes. Widely cultivated.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This plant is just one of the many species in this genus cultivated in Missouri. The plant can be identified by its suborbicular, dentate leaves (which have deeply impressed lateral veins).
Natives used the wood from the tree to make arrows for hunting. They also used the inner bark as a tobacco substitute.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月12日
Family - Liliaceae
Stems - From a rhizome and thickened roots, to -15cm tall, erect, single from the base, simple, herbaceous, glabrous, reddish, somewhat 5-angled.
Leaves - 3, whorled, petiolate. Petioles 3-4mm long, mostly glabrous but minutely translucent papillate on the margins (use a lens to see). Blades ovate, to +3cm long, +1.5cm broad, shiny silvery-green below, pale bluish-green above, glabrous above, translucent papillate below, acute to subacute at the apex, entire, with papillae on the margins (use a lens to see papillae), with 5 main veins. Lateral veins reticulate. Veins impressed above, expressed below.
Inflorescence - Single flower terminating the stem. Peduncle to +1.5cm long, glabrous, purplish. Flowers nodding slightly or erect.
Flowers - Petals 3, white, glabrous, to 3cm long, +1cm broad, oblong to elliptic, entire, blunt to slightly emarginate at the apex, tapering to the base, distinct. Stamens 6, alternating smaller and larger, erect, distinct. Filaments to 5mm long, -1mm broad, white, slightly compressed. Anthers yellow, to +6mm long, -2mm broad, longitudinally dehiscing. Anther connective greenish. Styles 3, erect. curled at the apex, to 1cm long, white at the apex, yellow to greenish basally, distinct. Ovary sessile, yellowish, superior, glabrous, 3-lobed, 3mm long and broad, 3-locular, with many ovules. Placentation axile. Sepals 3, green, slightly spreading, +/-2cm long, 5-6mm broad, lanceolate, blunt to slightly emarginate at the apex, with 5 parallel veins, with a scarious margin .1mm thick, glabrous.
Flowering - March - April.
Habitat - Mesic upland forests on steep, open, north-facing slopes above streams and rivers - on limestone and chert substrates.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This small species is the smallest Trillium in Missouri and the first to bloom each spring. The plant is uncommon in the state and can only be found in a handful of counties. Its very selective habitat limits its range in Missouri.
T. nivale is an easy species to identify in the field (if you're lucky enough to find it) because of its small size, habitat, and white flowers. Plants are usually found in large numbers in a given area.
Stems - From a rhizome and thickened roots, to -15cm tall, erect, single from the base, simple, herbaceous, glabrous, reddish, somewhat 5-angled.
Leaves - 3, whorled, petiolate. Petioles 3-4mm long, mostly glabrous but minutely translucent papillate on the margins (use a lens to see). Blades ovate, to +3cm long, +1.5cm broad, shiny silvery-green below, pale bluish-green above, glabrous above, translucent papillate below, acute to subacute at the apex, entire, with papillae on the margins (use a lens to see papillae), with 5 main veins. Lateral veins reticulate. Veins impressed above, expressed below.
Inflorescence - Single flower terminating the stem. Peduncle to +1.5cm long, glabrous, purplish. Flowers nodding slightly or erect.
Flowers - Petals 3, white, glabrous, to 3cm long, +1cm broad, oblong to elliptic, entire, blunt to slightly emarginate at the apex, tapering to the base, distinct. Stamens 6, alternating smaller and larger, erect, distinct. Filaments to 5mm long, -1mm broad, white, slightly compressed. Anthers yellow, to +6mm long, -2mm broad, longitudinally dehiscing. Anther connective greenish. Styles 3, erect. curled at the apex, to 1cm long, white at the apex, yellow to greenish basally, distinct. Ovary sessile, yellowish, superior, glabrous, 3-lobed, 3mm long and broad, 3-locular, with many ovules. Placentation axile. Sepals 3, green, slightly spreading, +/-2cm long, 5-6mm broad, lanceolate, blunt to slightly emarginate at the apex, with 5 parallel veins, with a scarious margin .1mm thick, glabrous.
Flowering - March - April.
Habitat - Mesic upland forests on steep, open, north-facing slopes above streams and rivers - on limestone and chert substrates.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This small species is the smallest Trillium in Missouri and the first to bloom each spring. The plant is uncommon in the state and can only be found in a handful of counties. Its very selective habitat limits its range in Missouri.
T. nivale is an easy species to identify in the field (if you're lucky enough to find it) because of its small size, habitat, and white flowers. Plants are usually found in large numbers in a given area.
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权问薇
2017年07月12日
#帝冠 的繁殖方法
帝冠的养殖比较难，人工繁殖帝冠可以用播种或嫁接的方法。
播种繁殖
帝冠开花的时候收集种子，在 5－6月的时候进行室内盆播，室温要控制在22—24℃，播种后大概一周就发芽，发芽过后，不要着急，植株生长的较慢。
嫁接繁殖
6－7月以量天尺或者草球为砧木，接穗用植株截顶的子球，操作要快。帝冠嫁接成功率较低，在嫁接后可以在周围喷些水，保持较高的空气湿度，提高成活率。注意，砧木死亡受伤，或球体过大难以支撑，需要落地时，落地的接穗不容易生根，即使日常养护十分用心，也需两三年左右才会发根，一旦管理疏忽，接穗就会因缺少水分，或者水分过多腐烂死亡，因此小编在这里不推荐花友们使用嫁接繁殖。
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月12日
Family - Asclepiadaceae
Stems - Twining, climbing, herbaceous, brownish, with milky sap, hirsute and with glandular pubescence (some hairs with swollen glandular bases), from thickened roots.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate. Petiole 5-6cm long, with same pubescence as stem. Blade to +/-13cm long. +/-10cm broad, broadly ovate to orbicular, cordate, entire, acute to acuminate, scabrous above from swollen pubescence, appearing punctate because of swollen hairs.
Inflorescence - Axillary umbellate cymes with +15 flowers. Peduncles to 6cm long. Pedicels to +2cm long. Peduncles and pedicels with same pubescence as stem.
Flowers - Corolla white, 5-lobed. Lobes twisting, +/-1.2cm long, 2-3mm broad, with same pubescence as stem externally, glabrous internally, blunt to slightly emarginate. Corona 5-lobed. Lobes to .5mm long, alternating with appendages. Appendages to .8mm long, often bifurcate. Pollinia minute, +/-.1mm broad, .3mm long, with dark reddish-brown translator. Anther head discoid, +/-1.3mm broad (diameter). Calyx 5-lobed. Lobes 3-4mm long, lanceolate, spreading to slightly recurved, densely brown glandular. Follicles to 9cm long, tuberculate. Seeds ovate, to 9mm long. Coma to +3cm long, tan.
Flowering - May - June.
Habitat - Moist ground of rocky open woods and thickets. Also on glades.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is one of 4 species of the genus found in Missouri. This plant prefers moist ground and is found mostly in the southwest corner of the state.
This is an easy species to identify becasue of its opposite leaves, pubescent stems, and white flowers. The flowers have twisted petals.
Stems - Twining, climbing, herbaceous, brownish, with milky sap, hirsute and with glandular pubescence (some hairs with swollen glandular bases), from thickened roots.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate. Petiole 5-6cm long, with same pubescence as stem. Blade to +/-13cm long. +/-10cm broad, broadly ovate to orbicular, cordate, entire, acute to acuminate, scabrous above from swollen pubescence, appearing punctate because of swollen hairs.
Inflorescence - Axillary umbellate cymes with +15 flowers. Peduncles to 6cm long. Pedicels to +2cm long. Peduncles and pedicels with same pubescence as stem.
Flowers - Corolla white, 5-lobed. Lobes twisting, +/-1.2cm long, 2-3mm broad, with same pubescence as stem externally, glabrous internally, blunt to slightly emarginate. Corona 5-lobed. Lobes to .5mm long, alternating with appendages. Appendages to .8mm long, often bifurcate. Pollinia minute, +/-.1mm broad, .3mm long, with dark reddish-brown translator. Anther head discoid, +/-1.3mm broad (diameter). Calyx 5-lobed. Lobes 3-4mm long, lanceolate, spreading to slightly recurved, densely brown glandular. Follicles to 9cm long, tuberculate. Seeds ovate, to 9mm long. Coma to +3cm long, tan.
Flowering - May - June.
Habitat - Moist ground of rocky open woods and thickets. Also on glades.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is one of 4 species of the genus found in Missouri. This plant prefers moist ground and is found mostly in the southwest corner of the state.
This is an easy species to identify becasue of its opposite leaves, pubescent stems, and white flowers. The flowers have twisted petals.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月12日
Family - Hydrangeaceae
Stems - To 2.5m tall, multiple from base, branching, woody.
Leaves - Opposite, 5-7 lobed, petiolate, margins serrate, tomentose below, sparsely hairy to glabrous above, to +12cm broad, +15cm long.
Inflorescence - Dense, terminal panicle to +30cm long. Peduncle and axis puberulent to tomentose.
Flowers - Outer flowers of inflorescence with 4 white, petaloid sepals (petals absent), sterile, to +2.5cm broad. Inner flowers small, with greenish sepals, fertile. Stamens 8-10, spreading. Filaments greenish-white, to 8mm long, glabrous. Anthers biglobose, whitish, 1.2mm broad.
Flowering - June - August.
Habitat - Cultivated.
Origin - Native to southeastern U.S. (Florida, Georgia, Mississippi).
Other info. - This species is unmistakable while flowering because of the large panicles it produces. There are around 7-8 cultivars on the market. It prefers well drained yet cool soil.
The species name means "Oak-leaved" and the leaves do slightly resemble those of the Red Oak group.
Stems - To 2.5m tall, multiple from base, branching, woody.
Leaves - Opposite, 5-7 lobed, petiolate, margins serrate, tomentose below, sparsely hairy to glabrous above, to +12cm broad, +15cm long.
Inflorescence - Dense, terminal panicle to +30cm long. Peduncle and axis puberulent to tomentose.
Flowers - Outer flowers of inflorescence with 4 white, petaloid sepals (petals absent), sterile, to +2.5cm broad. Inner flowers small, with greenish sepals, fertile. Stamens 8-10, spreading. Filaments greenish-white, to 8mm long, glabrous. Anthers biglobose, whitish, 1.2mm broad.
Flowering - June - August.
Habitat - Cultivated.
Origin - Native to southeastern U.S. (Florida, Georgia, Mississippi).
Other info. - This species is unmistakable while flowering because of the large panicles it produces. There are around 7-8 cultivars on the market. It prefers well drained yet cool soil.
The species name means "Oak-leaved" and the leaves do slightly resemble those of the Red Oak group.
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