文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月07日
Allium subvillosum is an attractive plant, but to appreciate its true beauty you need to get close up and personal because it has such tiny flowers.
Identification
A relative of Wild Garlic (also known as Ramsons), Allium subvillosum has dense umbels each with 15 to 20 white flowers that are deeply cupped and have yellow anthers. This bulb-forming perennial grows up to 30cm tall, and its long narrow leaves are covered with long white hairs.
Allium subvillosum was until recently classified as a member of the Lily family (Liliaceae), but recent taxonomic revisions now place it in the family Asparagaceae.
Distribution
These spring wildflowers are found in southern Spain and Portugal, Sicily, North Africa and the Balearics.
Habitat
This coastal plant of the Mediterranean region can be found in both sandy and grassy places close to the sea.
Blooming Times
Allium subvillosum blooms very early in the year. The specimens shown on this page were photographed in the Algarve region of Portugal in late February.
Identification
A relative of Wild Garlic (also known as Ramsons), Allium subvillosum has dense umbels each with 15 to 20 white flowers that are deeply cupped and have yellow anthers. This bulb-forming perennial grows up to 30cm tall, and its long narrow leaves are covered with long white hairs.
Allium subvillosum was until recently classified as a member of the Lily family (Liliaceae), but recent taxonomic revisions now place it in the family Asparagaceae.
Distribution
These spring wildflowers are found in southern Spain and Portugal, Sicily, North Africa and the Balearics.
Habitat
This coastal plant of the Mediterranean region can be found in both sandy and grassy places close to the sea.
Blooming Times
Allium subvillosum blooms very early in the year. The specimens shown on this page were photographed in the Algarve region of Portugal in late February.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月07日
By the time Wild Leek is in full bloom, its leaves are very likely to have shriveled and become unrecognisable. Fortunately, however, the flowers are quite distinctive.
Identification
From bulbs up to 3cm in diameter, round stems, known as scapes, grow to typically 50cm but exceptionally to well over a metre in height. Each scape carries an umbel of typically 100 but occasionally up to 500 deeply-cupped flowers.
The individual flowers are up to 6mm in diameter with white, pink or reddish tepals. The anthers are often yellow but sometimes purple.
Distribution
In Britain and Ireland this lovely wildflower is rare and restricted to the coastal areas of the south west of England and the West of Ireland. This relative of Wild Garlic is common in the Iberian Peninsula and throughout the Mediterranean region.
Together with all other Allium species and several other related groups, this wildflower was until recently classified as a member of the Lily family (liliaceae), but recent taxonomic revisions now place it in the family Asparagaceae.
Habitat
Wild Leek colonises sandy edges of fields and coastal paths, but these plants can also be found on fallow farmland further inland.
Blooming Times
Depending on location Wild Leek blooms from May until July.
At first the inflorescence appears in an almost perfect globe, but as the flowers age they droop forming the rather attractive waterfall effect seen in the picture on the left.
Uses
It is widely believed that cultivated leeks were derived from this species.
Identification
From bulbs up to 3cm in diameter, round stems, known as scapes, grow to typically 50cm but exceptionally to well over a metre in height. Each scape carries an umbel of typically 100 but occasionally up to 500 deeply-cupped flowers.
The individual flowers are up to 6mm in diameter with white, pink or reddish tepals. The anthers are often yellow but sometimes purple.
Distribution
In Britain and Ireland this lovely wildflower is rare and restricted to the coastal areas of the south west of England and the West of Ireland. This relative of Wild Garlic is common in the Iberian Peninsula and throughout the Mediterranean region.
Together with all other Allium species and several other related groups, this wildflower was until recently classified as a member of the Lily family (liliaceae), but recent taxonomic revisions now place it in the family Asparagaceae.
Habitat
Wild Leek colonises sandy edges of fields and coastal paths, but these plants can also be found on fallow farmland further inland.
Blooming Times
Depending on location Wild Leek blooms from May until July.
At first the inflorescence appears in an almost perfect globe, but as the flowers age they droop forming the rather attractive waterfall effect seen in the picture on the left.
Uses
It is widely believed that cultivated leeks were derived from this species.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月07日
Also known as Garlic Mustard, this biennial spring wildflower smells remarkably like garlic when the stems are crushed.
Identification
The elongated heart-shaped stalked leaves are 5 to 8cm long (excluding the stalks) and bright yellowish green in early spring, darkening somewhat as the year advances; they are toothed and look like stinging nettles. In their second year the plants grow to 30cm to 120cm tall.
The white flowers appear in small clusters in spring and early summer. As with other members of the Cabbage family (Brassicaceae) each flower has four petals; they are oblong and 4 to 8mm long by 2 to 3mm wide. The fruit (seedpod) is a slender upright four-sided silique some 4 to 5.5cm long and containing two rows of black seeds that are released once the pod dries out and splits open.
Distribution
Alliaria petiolata is widespread and common throughout Britain and Ireland, and is found throughout Mainland Europe and in Africa and India. In North America it is an invasive alien plant.
Habitat
Appropriately named, this is a plant of hedgerows, but in shaded places you will also find it lining the banks of ditches and streams.
Blooming Times
The best of the flowers of Garlic Mustard or Jack-by-the-Hedge appear in April and early May, but you can occasionally find a few blooms right through until August.
Uses
Jack-by-the-Hedge is edible and, if collected when young, the leaves make an excellent addition to salads, sauces and other dishes.
Identification
The elongated heart-shaped stalked leaves are 5 to 8cm long (excluding the stalks) and bright yellowish green in early spring, darkening somewhat as the year advances; they are toothed and look like stinging nettles. In their second year the plants grow to 30cm to 120cm tall.
The white flowers appear in small clusters in spring and early summer. As with other members of the Cabbage family (Brassicaceae) each flower has four petals; they are oblong and 4 to 8mm long by 2 to 3mm wide. The fruit (seedpod) is a slender upright four-sided silique some 4 to 5.5cm long and containing two rows of black seeds that are released once the pod dries out and splits open.
Distribution
Alliaria petiolata is widespread and common throughout Britain and Ireland, and is found throughout Mainland Europe and in Africa and India. In North America it is an invasive alien plant.
Habitat
Appropriately named, this is a plant of hedgerows, but in shaded places you will also find it lining the banks of ditches and streams.
Blooming Times
The best of the flowers of Garlic Mustard or Jack-by-the-Hedge appear in April and early May, but you can occasionally find a few blooms right through until August.
Uses
Jack-by-the-Hedge is edible and, if collected when young, the leaves make an excellent addition to salads, sauces and other dishes.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月07日
A bronze tint to the upper leaves is a distinctive feature that helps separate Bugle from most other members of the Mint family.
Identification
Stems have a square cross section, hairy on just two opposing sides; they bear pairs of opposite oval leaves that are unstalked apart from a basal rosette of leaves which have short stalks. The blue-violet flowers are typically 1.5cm long and have a pattern of veins on the lower lip.
Bugle can grow up to 20cm tall but is often little more than half that height. The plants propagate mainly by growing surface runners (which are known as stolons) that root at intervals along their length.
Distribution
Unlike its close relative Pyramidal Bugle Ajuga pyramidalis, this plant is common throughout Britain and Ireland and is found also across much of mainland Europe.
Habitat
Bugle prefers heavy, wet soils and forms large, dense mats in favoured locations. This attractive low creeping perennial wildflower thrives on woodland edges and in damp grassland.
Blooming Times
In Britain the first flowers usually appear in April, and Bugle continues blooming until late June or early July. The lips of the flowers are veined with darker blue.
Uses
Although Bugle has been used in herbal remedies to stem bleeding, it is more important as a source of nectar for butterflies including the Pearl-bordered Fritillary Boloria euphrosyne, the Small Pearl-bordered Fritillary Boloria selene, the Dark Green Fritillary Argynnis aglaja, and the High Brown Fritillary Fabriciana adippe.
Identification
Stems have a square cross section, hairy on just two opposing sides; they bear pairs of opposite oval leaves that are unstalked apart from a basal rosette of leaves which have short stalks. The blue-violet flowers are typically 1.5cm long and have a pattern of veins on the lower lip.
Bugle can grow up to 20cm tall but is often little more than half that height. The plants propagate mainly by growing surface runners (which are known as stolons) that root at intervals along their length.
Distribution
Unlike its close relative Pyramidal Bugle Ajuga pyramidalis, this plant is common throughout Britain and Ireland and is found also across much of mainland Europe.
Habitat
Bugle prefers heavy, wet soils and forms large, dense mats in favoured locations. This attractive low creeping perennial wildflower thrives on woodland edges and in damp grassland.
Blooming Times
In Britain the first flowers usually appear in April, and Bugle continues blooming until late June or early July. The lips of the flowers are veined with darker blue.
Uses
Although Bugle has been used in herbal remedies to stem bleeding, it is more important as a source of nectar for butterflies including the Pearl-bordered Fritillary Boloria euphrosyne, the Small Pearl-bordered Fritillary Boloria selene, the Dark Green Fritillary Argynnis aglaja, and the High Brown Fritillary Fabriciana adippe.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月07日
It is always lovely to find something you had more or less given up hope of ever finding, so we found these Pyramidal Bugloss plants growing in the Pirin Mountains National Park in Bulgaria we were delighted.
Identification
When this member of the Lamiaceae is in bloom you can see at once that the flowers are generally paler than those of Ajuga reptans with which we are much more familiar. The stems are hairy and bear pairs of opposite hairy leaves that form a squarish pyramid, the lower leaves green and the upper leaves increasingly more purple towards the top of the plant.
Typically 15mm long, the blue flowers emerge from large leafy bracts. Unlike the much more common Bugle, which produces runners from which new plants grow, Pyramidal Bugle has rhizomes rather than runners (stolona). The odds are more heavily stacked again this rarity becoming a common wildflower, because although it is a perennial it does not bloom every year.
Distribution
In Britain these rare plants are seen in just a few locations in northern England and Scotland. They are also recorded from The Burren in County Clare, southern Ireland, and from Rathlin Island in the north, but despite much searching to date we have yet to find them in Ireland. On mainland Europe Ajuga pyramidalis is not such a rare find. We have seen these plants in bloom in Bulgaria, and in Slovenia Pyramidal Bugle is plentiful among limestone rocks in the Julian Alps in areas.
Habitat
Pyramidal Bugle is usually found in short-sward grassland overlaying calcareous rocks; it also occurs within grikes in areas of limestone pavement, most often where it is marshy.
Blooming Times
We also found and photographed these plants in the predominantly limestone Julian Alps in Slovenia on trips there in June 2011 and again in late June 2014, and in Bulgaria in the Pirin Mountains National Park in mid June 2009.
In northern Britain and in western Ireland Pyramidal Bugle usually begins flowering in late April and sometimes continues through May and in to early June.
Identification
When this member of the Lamiaceae is in bloom you can see at once that the flowers are generally paler than those of Ajuga reptans with which we are much more familiar. The stems are hairy and bear pairs of opposite hairy leaves that form a squarish pyramid, the lower leaves green and the upper leaves increasingly more purple towards the top of the plant.
Typically 15mm long, the blue flowers emerge from large leafy bracts. Unlike the much more common Bugle, which produces runners from which new plants grow, Pyramidal Bugle has rhizomes rather than runners (stolona). The odds are more heavily stacked again this rarity becoming a common wildflower, because although it is a perennial it does not bloom every year.
Distribution
In Britain these rare plants are seen in just a few locations in northern England and Scotland. They are also recorded from The Burren in County Clare, southern Ireland, and from Rathlin Island in the north, but despite much searching to date we have yet to find them in Ireland. On mainland Europe Ajuga pyramidalis is not such a rare find. We have seen these plants in bloom in Bulgaria, and in Slovenia Pyramidal Bugle is plentiful among limestone rocks in the Julian Alps in areas.
Habitat
Pyramidal Bugle is usually found in short-sward grassland overlaying calcareous rocks; it also occurs within grikes in areas of limestone pavement, most often where it is marshy.
Blooming Times
We also found and photographed these plants in the predominantly limestone Julian Alps in Slovenia on trips there in June 2011 and again in late June 2014, and in Bulgaria in the Pirin Mountains National Park in mid June 2009.
In northern Britain and in western Ireland Pyramidal Bugle usually begins flowering in late April and sometimes continues through May and in to early June.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月07日
For people living in Britain and Ireland, Candytuft in the form of a cultivar is associated with neat, edged flowerbeds in gardens and parks in the height of summer.
Identification
The flowers of Burnt Candytuft, a dwarf rock plant, are 3 to 6 mm across and have four notched petals; they are variable in colour and can be white, pink or mauve. Stems range from 3 to 35 cm tall and have a rather woody base.
Distribution
Burnt Candytuft is found in the western and central Mediterranean from Spain eastwards to Greece and also in Sardinia, Sicily and Crete.
Habitat
This member of the brassicaceae (Cabbage family, formerly known as cruciferae) grows in rocky habitats in the hills and mountains.
Blooming Times
Burnt Candytuft blooms in springtime.
Identification
The flowers of Burnt Candytuft, a dwarf rock plant, are 3 to 6 mm across and have four notched petals; they are variable in colour and can be white, pink or mauve. Stems range from 3 to 35 cm tall and have a rather woody base.
Distribution
Burnt Candytuft is found in the western and central Mediterranean from Spain eastwards to Greece and also in Sardinia, Sicily and Crete.
Habitat
This member of the brassicaceae (Cabbage family, formerly known as cruciferae) grows in rocky habitats in the hills and mountains.
Blooming Times
Burnt Candytuft blooms in springtime.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月07日
This lovely little wildflower is easily overlooked, because it is so small.
Identification
The flowers are typically just 5mm across and greenish even when in fiull bloom. .Each stem bears five flowers, one on the top and one on each of the four side faces of a cube. Flower have five petals and five stamens, although because each of the stamens are split into two parts it looks at first glance as though there are ten stamens.
The leaves of Townhall Clock are quite similar to those of many other plants that are more common, which makes confident identification of Adoxa moschatellina when not in flower much more difficult
Distribution
Found throughout Britain and Ireland, although uncommon and easily overlooked, Adoxa mochatellina has a world-wide range, including Europe, Asia and North America, but the coverage leaves many gaps.
Habitat
Damp, shady sites such as woodland edges, in grassy areas beside paths through mixed or deciduous woods, at the edges of tree-lined streams and ditches, and occasionally in hedgerows are the most likely places to find this hard-to-spot little wildflower.
Identification
The flowers are typically just 5mm across and greenish even when in fiull bloom. .Each stem bears five flowers, one on the top and one on each of the four side faces of a cube. Flower have five petals and five stamens, although because each of the stamens are split into two parts it looks at first glance as though there are ten stamens.
The leaves of Townhall Clock are quite similar to those of many other plants that are more common, which makes confident identification of Adoxa moschatellina when not in flower much more difficult
Distribution
Found throughout Britain and Ireland, although uncommon and easily overlooked, Adoxa mochatellina has a world-wide range, including Europe, Asia and North America, but the coverage leaves many gaps.
Habitat
Damp, shady sites such as woodland edges, in grassy areas beside paths through mixed or deciduous woods, at the edges of tree-lined streams and ditches, and occasionally in hedgerows are the most likely places to find this hard-to-spot little wildflower.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月07日
Sneezewort is an attractive perennial plant that thrives on clay and tolerates acidic soils.
Identification
This downy perennial wildflower, typically 30 cm tall but occasionally exceeding 0.5m, has apungent scent (hence its common name).
Many other common names have been given to this wildflower including Sneezeweed Yarrow, Bastard Pellitory, Wild Pellitory, and White Tansy.
Habitat
Sneezewort is most often found on damp acidgrassland and frequently beside streams, especially on heavy clay-based soils. Other sites where you are likely to find Sneezewort include heathland, watermeadows and marshes.
Blooming Times
The flowers first appear in July and sneezewort usually continues blooming into September.
Uses
Like its close relative Yarrow, this plant has many traditional uses. The roots were used to induce sneezing (not to cure it!).
Chewing the roots of Sneezewort was a recommended treatment (if nopt a guaranteed cure) for toothache - although whether the offending tooth was to be sneezed out of its socket remains unclear! In the past, dried and powdered leaves from this plant were been used as a 'sneezing powder'. Medicinal properties are also claimed for an essential oil that can be extracted from Sneezewort leaves which, despite being bitter tasting, have also been used in salads. Given that this wildflower is known to be seriously poisonous to some farm animals, including cattle and horses, we cannot recommend Sneezewort for human consumption.
Bridesmaids at Westountry weddings used to carry posies of Sneezewort in the belief that doing so would ensure a happy life for the bride and groom. Checking the county-by-county divorce rates might show whether Achillea ptarmica is an effective potion in this respect!
Identification
This downy perennial wildflower, typically 30 cm tall but occasionally exceeding 0.5m, has apungent scent (hence its common name).
Many other common names have been given to this wildflower including Sneezeweed Yarrow, Bastard Pellitory, Wild Pellitory, and White Tansy.
Habitat
Sneezewort is most often found on damp acidgrassland and frequently beside streams, especially on heavy clay-based soils. Other sites where you are likely to find Sneezewort include heathland, watermeadows and marshes.
Blooming Times
The flowers first appear in July and sneezewort usually continues blooming into September.
Uses
Like its close relative Yarrow, this plant has many traditional uses. The roots were used to induce sneezing (not to cure it!).
Chewing the roots of Sneezewort was a recommended treatment (if nopt a guaranteed cure) for toothache - although whether the offending tooth was to be sneezed out of its socket remains unclear! In the past, dried and powdered leaves from this plant were been used as a 'sneezing powder'. Medicinal properties are also claimed for an essential oil that can be extracted from Sneezewort leaves which, despite being bitter tasting, have also been used in salads. Given that this wildflower is known to be seriously poisonous to some farm animals, including cattle and horses, we cannot recommend Sneezewort for human consumption.
Bridesmaids at Westountry weddings used to carry posies of Sneezewort in the belief that doing so would ensure a happy life for the bride and groom. Checking the county-by-county divorce rates might show whether Achillea ptarmica is an effective potion in this respect!
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月07日
Yarrow produces flat-topped inflorescences, and as a result it is sometimesmistaken for one of the umbellifers (Apiaceae). In fact Yarrow is a member of the daisy family, Asteraceae.
Identification
The plants have feathery leaves arranged around the stems, which can grow up to a metre but are usually less than 0.5m tall, and an inflorescence comprises three to eight roundish ray flowers surrounding between 15 and 40 tiny disc flowers.
Distribution
Yarrow is very common throughout Britain and Ireland, and it occurs also across Europe and Asia as well as in North America.
Habitat
This wayside wildflower is found mainly on drier slopes and meadows as well as on many grassy roadside verges.
Blooming Times
Achillea ptarmica blooms in Britain and Ireland from June until October, and is generally at its best in July and August.
Reproduction
Yarrow can reproduce either by means of seeds or by vegetative means. The oblong to lance-shaped fruits of Yarrow are about 2mm long, flattened, and ribbed longitudinally.
Each fruit of Yarrow, known as an achene, contains a single seed, but reproduction is also achieved vegetatively by means of underground creeping stems known as rhizomes, from which new plants (which are therefore clones of the parent plant) arise.
Uses
Considered a plant of the devil in Wales, this wildflower has long been thought to bring bad luck (or even death) if its flowers are brought in to a home. Yarrow is, in any case,
There are many traditional medical uses recorded for this plant, including its use as an astringent to cure bleeding noses.
Herbal tea can be made from the flowers, although given its known medical properties this practice seems rather inadvisable.
Etymology
The generic botanical name Achillea stems from the belief that Achilles used Yarrow to treat the wounds of his soldiers. The finely divided leaves give it its specificname (millefoilium means 'with 1000 leaflets').
Varieties
Most Yarrow flowers are white or cream, but some have a mauve flush or occasionally a purple tinge. Other colour forms seen in the wild are almost certainly the result of garden escapes.
In Scandinavia a red-flowered form of Yarrow is found occasionally in the wild. It is not a separate species nor even a subspecies but rather merely a hereditary colour variant; however, selective breeding in cultivation has enabled nurseries to produce Yarrow cultivars raging through white, cream and yellow to mauve, purple, pink and red.
Similar Species
Sneezewort, Achillea ptarmica, has larger flowers and fewer of them; it grows in damp grassland sites.
Identification
The plants have feathery leaves arranged around the stems, which can grow up to a metre but are usually less than 0.5m tall, and an inflorescence comprises three to eight roundish ray flowers surrounding between 15 and 40 tiny disc flowers.
Distribution
Yarrow is very common throughout Britain and Ireland, and it occurs also across Europe and Asia as well as in North America.
Habitat
This wayside wildflower is found mainly on drier slopes and meadows as well as on many grassy roadside verges.
Blooming Times
Achillea ptarmica blooms in Britain and Ireland from June until October, and is generally at its best in July and August.
Reproduction
Yarrow can reproduce either by means of seeds or by vegetative means. The oblong to lance-shaped fruits of Yarrow are about 2mm long, flattened, and ribbed longitudinally.
Each fruit of Yarrow, known as an achene, contains a single seed, but reproduction is also achieved vegetatively by means of underground creeping stems known as rhizomes, from which new plants (which are therefore clones of the parent plant) arise.
Uses
Considered a plant of the devil in Wales, this wildflower has long been thought to bring bad luck (or even death) if its flowers are brought in to a home. Yarrow is, in any case,
There are many traditional medical uses recorded for this plant, including its use as an astringent to cure bleeding noses.
Herbal tea can be made from the flowers, although given its known medical properties this practice seems rather inadvisable.
Etymology
The generic botanical name Achillea stems from the belief that Achilles used Yarrow to treat the wounds of his soldiers. The finely divided leaves give it its specificname (millefoilium means 'with 1000 leaflets').
Varieties
Most Yarrow flowers are white or cream, but some have a mauve flush or occasionally a purple tinge. Other colour forms seen in the wild are almost certainly the result of garden escapes.
In Scandinavia a red-flowered form of Yarrow is found occasionally in the wild. It is not a separate species nor even a subspecies but rather merely a hereditary colour variant; however, selective breeding in cultivation has enabled nurseries to produce Yarrow cultivars raging through white, cream and yellow to mauve, purple, pink and red.
Similar Species
Sneezewort, Achillea ptarmica, has larger flowers and fewer of them; it grows in damp grassland sites.
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求助
Wishful
2017年06月22日
identification
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Nali Marcoccia：it's an echeveria but i don't now the specific type 😔
