文章
Miss Chen
2017年07月17日
Nombre científico o latino: Abelia x grandiflora
Nombre común o vulgar: Abelia
Familia: Caprifoliaceae.
Arbusto semicaducifolio, ramas arqueadas y rojizas.
Arbusto ramificado de follaje persistente, de 1-1,5 m de altura y hasta 3 m.
También se cultivan variedades de porte bajo.
Es un arbusto de hoja semicaduca.
Follaje: semipersistente; hojas ovales, opuestas.
Hojas opuestas, ovadas u ovado-lanceoladas, cortamente pecioladas, margen aserrado.
Flores: de 1-1,5 cm de largo, blanco-rosadas, dispuestas en inflorescencia en la extremidad de las ramitas.
Después de la floración persiste el cáliz de color rojizo.
Época de floración: desde la primavera hasta principios del otoño.
Es una planta poco común por su período de floración excepcionalmente largo.
Flores tubulares coloreadas de blanco rosáceo, ligeramente perfumadas.
Fruto aqueniforme, correoso, alargado y coronado por el cáliz persistente.
Puede plantarse al lado de otras especies, aisladamente e incluso en maceta, pero es mejor que componga masas uniformes o, al menos, que las manchas formadas con ella sean extensas y amplias.
Adaptación: muy buena en variadas condiciones.
Precisa un emplazamiento abrigado en zonas de inviernos fríos.
Las plantas jóvenes tienen que protegerse en invierno.
Suelo blando, permeable, bien abonado y no calcáreo.
Abono orgánico en primavera y otoño.
Es estupenda para crear un macizo de arbustos.
Emplazamiento a pleno sol en los templados y media sombra en climas cálidos.
Florece óptimamente a pleno sol.
En semisombra crece bien, pero florece menos.
Gran rusticidad.
Soporta casi cualquier terreno y exposición.
Siempre se debe situar en lugares resguardados del viento.
Riego abundante en verano y moderado en primavera y otoño.
Quiere agua abundante, aunque es resistente a la falta de agua.
Eliminar hojas y ramas secas a final de la primavera y podar las ramas viejas después de la floración.
Podas periódicas, cortando desde la base los brotes vigorosos.
Si deseamos que presente un aspecto compacto o cerrado, podaremos las ramas principales a la mitad de su longitud en invierno o a principios de la primavera.
Conviene, además, eliminar las ramas deterioradas o enfermas y las que se encuentren visiblemente envejecidas.
Poda ligera después de la floración.
Muy resistente a plagas, quizás algún pulgón.
Enfermedades: oidio.
Multiplicación por esqueje de leña blanda en verano y división en primavera.
Se pueden enraizar estacas con hojas en invernadero o con nebulización (tipo niebla), bien sea en el otoño o en el verano, de madera parcialmente madura, o sea, del crecimiento de la estación en curso.
También es posible enraizar estacas de madera dura en otoño o verano.
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Colour_
2017年07月17日
刺梅的养殖方法
施肥
肥料一般少给，春季、冬季可以少量施肥。虎刺梅生长期一般3~4周施1次稀释过的肥料即可。施肥过多会造成枝叶过于的生长旺盛，而光长叶子不开花，观赏性受到破坏，而在他们打花苞时期可以少量施肥，这样不仅叶繁而且花茂盛。
光照
我们都知道一般植物都是要光照充足才能够长得茂盛，而虎刺梅也是一样，最好是一年光照充足，开花期间尤为要注意，由于是养在室内，所以我们需经常把虎刺梅搬到能够受到光照的地方，阳光充足了，花色彩鲜艳，叶片才茂盛。若长期放在阴暗的环境下，长势就不好，因为这种植物他是喜温不耐寒的。
修剪
虎刺梅的花开在新枝的顶端，要想让虎刺梅多开花，就必须进行适当的修剪。而修建的季节和手法也是需要注意的，千万不要选在开花季修建，而且要需要注意的是主枝，因为主枝太长，开花就少。所以应在花期之后将过长的和生长不整齐的枝剪短，一般这样在下次开花的时候就能够保证花的数量和长势了，修建一般在枝条的剪口下长出2个新枝，当新枝长到5~6厘米时就能开花。几年后，整个植株就会开满鲜艳的小红花。
架支
由于枝条细长较软，随植株长大，主枝承受不了重量容易弯曲，所以这个时候你要就可用竹棍或铁丝扎成不同形状的支架，将枝条牵引捆缚其上，使之成为花柱状，这样一来能够保证虎刺梅的生长，还能与之造型，增添美感。如果你不管，任其自然生长，其主枝就会越长越长，不仅开花少，而且株形也不美观。还容易则断。
刺梅的养殖注意事项
刺梅病虫害较少，苗期常见的病害主要有炭疽病、白粉病、锈病等。虫害主要有蛴螬、金针虫等。可采用深翻土壤，改善苗圃卫生条件的方法，减少病虫源。
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月17日
Family - Polygalaceae
Stems - Multiple from a thickened taproot and fibrous roots, erect, herbaceous, to +45cm tall, branching in upper 1/2, often purplish base, puberulent above, glabrescent at base, terete.
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate. Petioles to 2-3mm long, puberulent below. Blades acuminate, tapering at base, elliptic, deep green above, lighter green below, with serrulate margins, mostly glabrous but with a very few sparse puberulent hairs, to 7cm long, +2.5cm broad, leaves often larger near the apex of the plant.
Inflorescence - Terminal and lateral indeterminate racemes to +/-5cm tall (long). Axis puberulent.
Flowers - Petals 3, united into a whitish glabrous tube, lacerate at apex. Stamens 8, adnate with corolla tube, in two rows. Anthers yellow, .2mm long. Ovary superior, green, glabrous, orbicular, .7mm in diameter. Style green, -1mm long, green, glabrous, with a few floccose hairs at apex, clavate. Stigma lateral, small. Calyx accrescent. Sepals 5. Lateral sepals colored as the petals and spreading, to +3mm long, 2.1mm broad, glabrous, with ciliolate margins. Lower two sepals and single upper sepal small, greenish-white, acute, puberulent. Lower two to .3mm long. The basal sepal to 1.5mm long. Fruit a capsule, glabrous to sparse pubescent, to 5mm in diameter, slightly compressed.
Flowering - May - July.
Habitat - Rocky woods, open ground, prairies, gravel bars, stream banks.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This small species can be found in a couple different areas of Missouri. It is more prevalent in the Ozark region but can also be found in a few counties in the north-central portion of the state. This is a striking little plant and should be cultivated more.
Steyermark lists two varieties based on leaf shape and sepal size but I won't go into those here.
Stems - Multiple from a thickened taproot and fibrous roots, erect, herbaceous, to +45cm tall, branching in upper 1/2, often purplish base, puberulent above, glabrescent at base, terete.
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate. Petioles to 2-3mm long, puberulent below. Blades acuminate, tapering at base, elliptic, deep green above, lighter green below, with serrulate margins, mostly glabrous but with a very few sparse puberulent hairs, to 7cm long, +2.5cm broad, leaves often larger near the apex of the plant.
Inflorescence - Terminal and lateral indeterminate racemes to +/-5cm tall (long). Axis puberulent.
Flowers - Petals 3, united into a whitish glabrous tube, lacerate at apex. Stamens 8, adnate with corolla tube, in two rows. Anthers yellow, .2mm long. Ovary superior, green, glabrous, orbicular, .7mm in diameter. Style green, -1mm long, green, glabrous, with a few floccose hairs at apex, clavate. Stigma lateral, small. Calyx accrescent. Sepals 5. Lateral sepals colored as the petals and spreading, to +3mm long, 2.1mm broad, glabrous, with ciliolate margins. Lower two sepals and single upper sepal small, greenish-white, acute, puberulent. Lower two to .3mm long. The basal sepal to 1.5mm long. Fruit a capsule, glabrous to sparse pubescent, to 5mm in diameter, slightly compressed.
Flowering - May - July.
Habitat - Rocky woods, open ground, prairies, gravel bars, stream banks.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This small species can be found in a couple different areas of Missouri. It is more prevalent in the Ozark region but can also be found in a few counties in the north-central portion of the state. This is a striking little plant and should be cultivated more.
Steyermark lists two varieties based on leaf shape and sepal size but I won't go into those here.
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文章
玲儿
2017年07月16日
アンゲロニアの育て方・栽培方法
育て方のポイント
栽培環境・日当たり・置き場
最低でも1日のうち2～3時間は日が当たり、少し湿り気のある場所に植えつけましょう。しかし、水はけの悪い場所に植えつける場合は、盛り土したり、腐葉土を混合して水はけをよくしてから植えつけます。やせた土地では、あらかじめ完熟堆肥を入れ混ぜてから植えつけます。
水やり
鉢植えでは、鉢土の表面が乾いてきたら、たっぷり水を与えましょう。庭植えでは、真夏に晴れが続き、乾くようなら水を与えましょう。
肥料
鉢植えには6月から10月に、緩効性化成肥料（チッ素N-リン酸P-カリK=10-10-10）と液体肥料（N-P-K=6-10-5）を併用して施します。庭植えでは6月から10月に、緩効性化成肥料（N-P-K=10-10-10）を施します。
病気と害虫
病気：灰色かび病
6月から7月と9月から10月に雨が続くと、灰色かび病が発生しやすくなります。風通しをよくすると、発生を抑えることができます。
害虫：アブラムシ、ナメクジ
5月から10月の間、アブラムシが特に新芽に発生しやすいのでよく観察し、発生したら防除します。
6月から7月の梅雨どきに、ナメクジの発生が多くなります。昼間は鉢の底や石の下などに潜んでいて、夜に這い出して植物を食害するので、夜に見回って捕殺しましょう。
用土（鉢植え）
水はけがよく保水力のある土を好みます。赤玉土（中粒）5、腐葉土3、酸度調整済みピートモス2の配合土などを用います。元肥として、リン酸分の多い緩効性化成肥料を適量混ぜて植えつけましょう。
植えつけ、 植え替え
5月から7月が植えつけ適期です。品種によって草丈が違うので、用途に合わせて品種を選びましょう。
ふやし方
タネまき：5月から6月にタネをまき、ふやすことができます。高温を好むので、早まきは避けましょう。
主な作業
切り戻し：摘まなくても花がらは勝手に落ちますが、葉の上などに花がらが残っていると病気の原因になるので、取り除きます。7月から8月ごろ、花が咲き終わった花茎が目立つようになったら、わき芽の上で1/2～2/3の草丈になるように切り戻すとわき芽が伸び、さらに多くの花をつけます。
支柱立て：高性品種は倒れやすいので、6月から10月ごろ、適宜支柱を立てておきましょう。
育て方のポイント
栽培環境・日当たり・置き場
最低でも1日のうち2～3時間は日が当たり、少し湿り気のある場所に植えつけましょう。しかし、水はけの悪い場所に植えつける場合は、盛り土したり、腐葉土を混合して水はけをよくしてから植えつけます。やせた土地では、あらかじめ完熟堆肥を入れ混ぜてから植えつけます。
水やり
鉢植えでは、鉢土の表面が乾いてきたら、たっぷり水を与えましょう。庭植えでは、真夏に晴れが続き、乾くようなら水を与えましょう。
肥料
鉢植えには6月から10月に、緩効性化成肥料（チッ素N-リン酸P-カリK=10-10-10）と液体肥料（N-P-K=6-10-5）を併用して施します。庭植えでは6月から10月に、緩効性化成肥料（N-P-K=10-10-10）を施します。
病気と害虫
病気：灰色かび病
6月から7月と9月から10月に雨が続くと、灰色かび病が発生しやすくなります。風通しをよくすると、発生を抑えることができます。
害虫：アブラムシ、ナメクジ
5月から10月の間、アブラムシが特に新芽に発生しやすいのでよく観察し、発生したら防除します。
6月から7月の梅雨どきに、ナメクジの発生が多くなります。昼間は鉢の底や石の下などに潜んでいて、夜に這い出して植物を食害するので、夜に見回って捕殺しましょう。
用土（鉢植え）
水はけがよく保水力のある土を好みます。赤玉土（中粒）5、腐葉土3、酸度調整済みピートモス2の配合土などを用います。元肥として、リン酸分の多い緩効性化成肥料を適量混ぜて植えつけましょう。
植えつけ、 植え替え
5月から7月が植えつけ適期です。品種によって草丈が違うので、用途に合わせて品種を選びましょう。
ふやし方
タネまき：5月から6月にタネをまき、ふやすことができます。高温を好むので、早まきは避けましょう。
主な作業
切り戻し：摘まなくても花がらは勝手に落ちますが、葉の上などに花がらが残っていると病気の原因になるので、取り除きます。7月から8月ごろ、花が咲き終わった花茎が目立つようになったら、わき芽の上で1/2～2/3の草丈になるように切り戻すとわき芽が伸び、さらに多くの花をつけます。
支柱立て：高性品種は倒れやすいので、6月から10月ごろ、適宜支柱を立てておきましょう。
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月16日
Family - Apiaceae
Stems - To 1m tall, glabrous to hirsute, branching, erect, herbaceous, from thickened roots.
Leaves - Alternate, ternate. Leaflets lobed to serrate, 1-5cm wide, 3-10cm long, pubescent to villous, ovate to lance-ovate.
Inflorescence - Compound umbels with typically +3 primary rays. Rays and umbellets subtended by recurved linear-lanceolate bracts. Bracts villous. Primary rays to -5cm long.
Flowers - Petals 5, white, subequal but typically one or two larger than the others, to 2mm long and broad, with apical tip curved adaxially. Margins of petal folded abaxially. Stamens 5, alternating with petals, spreading to erect. Filaments to -3mm long, white. Anthers .2mm long, pale-yellow. Styles +/- 2mm long in flower, equaling or longer than petals, spreading. Fruits lance-oblong in shape, +/- 10mm long, +/- 2mm wide near apex, tapering to base, black when mature. Styles in fruit 2-4mm long.
Flowering - April - June.
Habitat - Moist ground in wooded areas, shaded slopes, ravines.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This licorice smelling plant can be found throughout Missouri. All parts of the plant exhibit a sweet fragrance but the roots and fruits are the best to chew on.
Steyermark lists three varieties in Missouri. Variety longistylis has stems which are glabrous to only very sparsely hairy. Variety brachyoma has very short(.5mm or less) hairs on the stems. Variety villicaulis has longer(.5-2mm) and more plentiful hairs on the stems.
There is another species of this genus in Missouri, O. claytoni. This species has styles which are a bit shorter and the plant is not scented. Good luck telling them apart.
Stems - To 1m tall, glabrous to hirsute, branching, erect, herbaceous, from thickened roots.
Leaves - Alternate, ternate. Leaflets lobed to serrate, 1-5cm wide, 3-10cm long, pubescent to villous, ovate to lance-ovate.
Inflorescence - Compound umbels with typically +3 primary rays. Rays and umbellets subtended by recurved linear-lanceolate bracts. Bracts villous. Primary rays to -5cm long.
Flowers - Petals 5, white, subequal but typically one or two larger than the others, to 2mm long and broad, with apical tip curved adaxially. Margins of petal folded abaxially. Stamens 5, alternating with petals, spreading to erect. Filaments to -3mm long, white. Anthers .2mm long, pale-yellow. Styles +/- 2mm long in flower, equaling or longer than petals, spreading. Fruits lance-oblong in shape, +/- 10mm long, +/- 2mm wide near apex, tapering to base, black when mature. Styles in fruit 2-4mm long.
Flowering - April - June.
Habitat - Moist ground in wooded areas, shaded slopes, ravines.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This licorice smelling plant can be found throughout Missouri. All parts of the plant exhibit a sweet fragrance but the roots and fruits are the best to chew on.
Steyermark lists three varieties in Missouri. Variety longistylis has stems which are glabrous to only very sparsely hairy. Variety brachyoma has very short(.5mm or less) hairs on the stems. Variety villicaulis has longer(.5-2mm) and more plentiful hairs on the stems.
There is another species of this genus in Missouri, O. claytoni. This species has styles which are a bit shorter and the plant is not scented. Good luck telling them apart.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月16日
Family - Liliaceae
Stems - From bulb. Aerial stems to +25cm tall, 2-3mm in diameter, glabrous, hollow.
Leaves - Basal, linear, glabrous, to +15cm long, 3-4mm broad.
Inflorescence - Umbels of +/-8 flowers terminating aerial stems, subtended by scarious bracts.
Flowers - Tepals 6, greenish at base, fading to white at apex, free, to 1cm long, 3.5mm broad, glabrous, oblong. Stamens 6, borne at base of tepals. Filaments to 4mm long, glabrous. Anthers yellow, 3mm long, 1mm broad. Style 1, glabrous, 4mm long. Ovary superior, glabrous, with 3 locules, many seeded.
Flowering - March - May and perhaps again in early fall.
Habitat - Open fields, prairies, glades, streambanks, roadsides.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is a tiny yet unmistakable lily. It resembles other small lilies such as garlic but has no garlic scent to it and hence acquires the common name "False garlic." It is common throughout most of the state below the Missouri river but does grow in some counties north of the river also.
Stems - From bulb. Aerial stems to +25cm tall, 2-3mm in diameter, glabrous, hollow.
Leaves - Basal, linear, glabrous, to +15cm long, 3-4mm broad.
Inflorescence - Umbels of +/-8 flowers terminating aerial stems, subtended by scarious bracts.
Flowers - Tepals 6, greenish at base, fading to white at apex, free, to 1cm long, 3.5mm broad, glabrous, oblong. Stamens 6, borne at base of tepals. Filaments to 4mm long, glabrous. Anthers yellow, 3mm long, 1mm broad. Style 1, glabrous, 4mm long. Ovary superior, glabrous, with 3 locules, many seeded.
Flowering - March - May and perhaps again in early fall.
Habitat - Open fields, prairies, glades, streambanks, roadsides.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is a tiny yet unmistakable lily. It resembles other small lilies such as garlic but has no garlic scent to it and hence acquires the common name "False garlic." It is common throughout most of the state below the Missouri river but does grow in some counties north of the river also.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月16日
Family - Menispermaceae
Stems - Thin, twining, woody below, dark maroon in color, young portions with some hair but becoming glabrous (glabrescent). No tendrils.
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate, peltate (look from below to see), with 3-7 broad, shallow lobes, margins entire, upper surface glabrous, lower surface silvery-green with some pubescence.
Inflorescence - Pendant clusters of 40 or so flowers from leaf axils. Staminate and pistillate clusters separate on same plant.
Flowers - Petals 4-8, 2-3mm long, whitish, ovate, glabrous. Stamens numerous(+15).Filaments white, glabrous, -4mm long. Anthers yellow, -1mm long.
Fruits - Drupes, indigo-black in color, somewhat glaucous, 6-7mm in diameter.
Flowering - May - July.
Habitat - Moist woods, thickets, fence rows.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - Although the plant and fruits may loosely resemble grapes, they should not be eaten as they are mildly toxic. The plant can climb to around 7m or so.
Stems - Thin, twining, woody below, dark maroon in color, young portions with some hair but becoming glabrous (glabrescent). No tendrils.
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate, peltate (look from below to see), with 3-7 broad, shallow lobes, margins entire, upper surface glabrous, lower surface silvery-green with some pubescence.
Inflorescence - Pendant clusters of 40 or so flowers from leaf axils. Staminate and pistillate clusters separate on same plant.
Flowers - Petals 4-8, 2-3mm long, whitish, ovate, glabrous. Stamens numerous(+15).Filaments white, glabrous, -4mm long. Anthers yellow, -1mm long.
Fruits - Drupes, indigo-black in color, somewhat glaucous, 6-7mm in diameter.
Flowering - May - July.
Habitat - Moist woods, thickets, fence rows.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - Although the plant and fruits may loosely resemble grapes, they should not be eaten as they are mildly toxic. The plant can climb to around 7m or so.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月16日
Family - Brassicaceae
Stems - To +/-70cm tall, erect, herbaceous, typically single from the base and branching in upper 1/3, occasionally branching at the base, from a taproot, glabrous to puberulent.
Leaves - Alternate, the basal leaves typically wilted by anthesis, sessile, serrate (sometimes doubly) to entire, mostly glabrous, deep green above, to +/-5cm long, 1cm broad, oblanceolate to oblong or linear.
Inflorescence - Terminal and lateral racemes, compact in flower, quickly elongating in fruit, dense, to +/-10cm long. Pedicels 2-4mm long in flower, sparse puberulent adaxially, to 5mm in fruit, spreading.
Flowers - Petals 4, white, minute or sometimes absent, to 2mm long, 1mm broad, clawed. Stamens 2 or 4, erect. Filaments white, glabrous, to +1mm long. Anthers yellow. Ovary orbicular, compressed, glabrous, green, 1mm in diameter. Style wanting. Sepals 4, cupped, greenish-white, with scarious margins, glabrous, 1mm long, -1mm broad. Silicles to 3mm in diameter, green, glabrous, drying to a brownish color, with a small notch at apex.
Flowering - February - November.
Habitat - Fields, waste ground, disturbed sites, glades, prairies, pastures, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This species can be found throughout Missouri. The common name for the plant is "Pepper Grass" because the silicles have a peppery taste when ripe. The seeds are edible and are eaten by a variety of wildlife. This plant is weedy and can sometimes be found in profusion in the habitats mentioned above.
Stems - To +/-70cm tall, erect, herbaceous, typically single from the base and branching in upper 1/3, occasionally branching at the base, from a taproot, glabrous to puberulent.
Leaves - Alternate, the basal leaves typically wilted by anthesis, sessile, serrate (sometimes doubly) to entire, mostly glabrous, deep green above, to +/-5cm long, 1cm broad, oblanceolate to oblong or linear.
Inflorescence - Terminal and lateral racemes, compact in flower, quickly elongating in fruit, dense, to +/-10cm long. Pedicels 2-4mm long in flower, sparse puberulent adaxially, to 5mm in fruit, spreading.
Flowers - Petals 4, white, minute or sometimes absent, to 2mm long, 1mm broad, clawed. Stamens 2 or 4, erect. Filaments white, glabrous, to +1mm long. Anthers yellow. Ovary orbicular, compressed, glabrous, green, 1mm in diameter. Style wanting. Sepals 4, cupped, greenish-white, with scarious margins, glabrous, 1mm long, -1mm broad. Silicles to 3mm in diameter, green, glabrous, drying to a brownish color, with a small notch at apex.
Flowering - February - November.
Habitat - Fields, waste ground, disturbed sites, glades, prairies, pastures, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This species can be found throughout Missouri. The common name for the plant is "Pepper Grass" because the silicles have a peppery taste when ripe. The seeds are edible and are eaten by a variety of wildlife. This plant is weedy and can sometimes be found in profusion in the habitats mentioned above.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月14日
Family - Brassicaceae
Stems - To +20cm tall, erect, herbaceous, glabrous or pubescent in upper portions, from thick rhizomes.
Leaves - Two or three per plant, alternate, 3-5 palmately lobed, variable. Lobes linear-lanceolate, coarsely toothed (laciniate) to entire, glabrous, 6cm long, 1cm broad. Teeth of lobes mucronate (minutely). Petioles glabrous to pubescent.
Inflorescence - Terminal raceme, compact early but quickly elongating, axis short hirsute, pedicels +/-1cm, elongated in fruit, pubescent to glabrous.
Flowers - Petals 4, whitish with a hint of pink, 5mm broad, 1.6cm long, ligulate, glabrous, rounded at the apex, attenuate at the base. Stamens 6, filaments 8mm long, anthers yellow. Style erect, 7mm long. Ovary terete, longer than broad. Stigma globose. Sepals 4, oblong, brownish-green with lighter margins, entire, glabrous, to 3mm long. Fruits terete, 2-5cm long, +/-2mm in diameter, glabrous.
Flowering - March - May.
Habitat - Low woods, slopes, ravines.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is an interesting little member of the Brassicaceae which is found in woodland habitats. It is a characteristic spring woodland plant in Missouri. The flowers are larger than those of most genera in the same family. This species is highly variable, especially the leaves. The large flowers and 3-5-lobed leaves are the characteristics to look for when trying to ID this plant.
The genus name comes from the Latin "dens" which means "tooth", not for the toothed leaves, but rather for the scales of the rhizomes and roots.
A synonym is Cardamine concatenata (Michx.) O. Schwarz.
Stems - To +20cm tall, erect, herbaceous, glabrous or pubescent in upper portions, from thick rhizomes.
Leaves - Two or three per plant, alternate, 3-5 palmately lobed, variable. Lobes linear-lanceolate, coarsely toothed (laciniate) to entire, glabrous, 6cm long, 1cm broad. Teeth of lobes mucronate (minutely). Petioles glabrous to pubescent.
Inflorescence - Terminal raceme, compact early but quickly elongating, axis short hirsute, pedicels +/-1cm, elongated in fruit, pubescent to glabrous.
Flowers - Petals 4, whitish with a hint of pink, 5mm broad, 1.6cm long, ligulate, glabrous, rounded at the apex, attenuate at the base. Stamens 6, filaments 8mm long, anthers yellow. Style erect, 7mm long. Ovary terete, longer than broad. Stigma globose. Sepals 4, oblong, brownish-green with lighter margins, entire, glabrous, to 3mm long. Fruits terete, 2-5cm long, +/-2mm in diameter, glabrous.
Flowering - March - May.
Habitat - Low woods, slopes, ravines.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is an interesting little member of the Brassicaceae which is found in woodland habitats. It is a characteristic spring woodland plant in Missouri. The flowers are larger than those of most genera in the same family. This species is highly variable, especially the leaves. The large flowers and 3-5-lobed leaves are the characteristics to look for when trying to ID this plant.
The genus name comes from the Latin "dens" which means "tooth", not for the toothed leaves, but rather for the scales of the rhizomes and roots.
A synonym is Cardamine concatenata (Michx.) O. Schwarz.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月14日
Family - Liliaceae
Stems - Creeping underground rhizomes. Aerial stems to +15cm long.
Leaves - 2-3 per node, oblong to elliptic, entire, glabrous, to +15cm long, +4cm broad.
Inflorescence - Raceme terminating aerial stem, to 7cm long. Pedicels to 1cm long, glabrous, with scarious bract at base to 8mm long.
Flowers - Nodding. Perianth campanulate, white, glabrous, to +6mm long, +8mm broad, 6-lobed. Lobes 2.5mm broad, 3mm long, fragrant. Stamens 6, borne at base of perianth tube. Anthers pale yellow, to 2mm long, tapering to point at apex. Filaments short, -1.5mm long, pinkish-purple at base. Ovary glabrous, superior, 3-carpellate. Style 2.2mm long.
Fruit - Globose, red, fleshy, to -1cm in diameter.
Flowering - April - May.
Habitat - Cultivated and rarely escaped to roadsides or waste ground.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This species can be found sporadically escaped throughout much of Missouri. The plant is often found around old homesites or businesses.
C. majalis can form large colonies when left untouched. It is a toxic plant that contains cardiac glycosides.
Traditionally the plant was used as a Digitalis substitute to treat heart disease. A flower and root tea was used to treat fevers, as a diuretic, sedative, and emetic. A root ointment was used to treat burns to prevent scaring.
Stems - Creeping underground rhizomes. Aerial stems to +15cm long.
Leaves - 2-3 per node, oblong to elliptic, entire, glabrous, to +15cm long, +4cm broad.
Inflorescence - Raceme terminating aerial stem, to 7cm long. Pedicels to 1cm long, glabrous, with scarious bract at base to 8mm long.
Flowers - Nodding. Perianth campanulate, white, glabrous, to +6mm long, +8mm broad, 6-lobed. Lobes 2.5mm broad, 3mm long, fragrant. Stamens 6, borne at base of perianth tube. Anthers pale yellow, to 2mm long, tapering to point at apex. Filaments short, -1.5mm long, pinkish-purple at base. Ovary glabrous, superior, 3-carpellate. Style 2.2mm long.
Fruit - Globose, red, fleshy, to -1cm in diameter.
Flowering - April - May.
Habitat - Cultivated and rarely escaped to roadsides or waste ground.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This species can be found sporadically escaped throughout much of Missouri. The plant is often found around old homesites or businesses.
C. majalis can form large colonies when left untouched. It is a toxic plant that contains cardiac glycosides.
Traditionally the plant was used as a Digitalis substitute to treat heart disease. A flower and root tea was used to treat fevers, as a diuretic, sedative, and emetic. A root ointment was used to treat burns to prevent scaring.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月14日
Family - Apiaceae
Stems - To -2m tall, erect, herbaceous, glabrous, glaucous, fistulose, purplish at nodes, typically simple to branching, from a tuberous base and fleshy roots, single or multiple from base.
Leaves - Alternate, 2-3-pinnate. Lowest leaves long petiolate, to +60cm long(including petiole). Upper leaves with shorter petioles. Petioles with involute margin. Leaf divisions purple at axils. Ultimate leaflets serrate(the teeth mucronate), lanceolate, glabrous.
Inflorescence - Axillary and terminal compound umbels. Main rays of umbels not subtended by bracts, to -3cm long(in flower), +/-15 in number. Secondary rays(raylets) 5-6cm long(in flower), subtended by bracts. Bracts with scarious margins, to 3mm long, attenuate-lanceolate, glabrous.
Flowers - Petals 5, white, unequal to subequal, margins deflexed, to 1.3mm broad, 1.1mm long, apiculate and inflexed at apex. Stamens 5, alternating with petals, erect to spreading. Filaments white, 1.2mm long, glabrous. Anthers whitish, .2mm long. Ovary inferior, 2-locular. Styles 2, .1mm long. Calyx tube .9mm long, glabrous, 5-lobed. Lobes acute, scarious, .4-.5mm long. Fruits to +4mm long, oval to orbicular, glabrous.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - Wet to moist areas.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This plant is one of the more toxic species of the Apiaceae or of any plant family for that matter. The plant has a pleasant licorice or anise scent when crushed but obviously it should not be eaten. It is easy to ID in the field because of its habitat, its glabrous and glaucous stems (which are purplish at the nodes), and its 2-3-pinnately divided leaves.
The Missouri plants are all variety maculata. A couple of other varieties are found in the U.S. but not in Missouri. The plant is common throughout Missouri.
Stems - To -2m tall, erect, herbaceous, glabrous, glaucous, fistulose, purplish at nodes, typically simple to branching, from a tuberous base and fleshy roots, single or multiple from base.
Leaves - Alternate, 2-3-pinnate. Lowest leaves long petiolate, to +60cm long(including petiole). Upper leaves with shorter petioles. Petioles with involute margin. Leaf divisions purple at axils. Ultimate leaflets serrate(the teeth mucronate), lanceolate, glabrous.
Inflorescence - Axillary and terminal compound umbels. Main rays of umbels not subtended by bracts, to -3cm long(in flower), +/-15 in number. Secondary rays(raylets) 5-6cm long(in flower), subtended by bracts. Bracts with scarious margins, to 3mm long, attenuate-lanceolate, glabrous.
Flowers - Petals 5, white, unequal to subequal, margins deflexed, to 1.3mm broad, 1.1mm long, apiculate and inflexed at apex. Stamens 5, alternating with petals, erect to spreading. Filaments white, 1.2mm long, glabrous. Anthers whitish, .2mm long. Ovary inferior, 2-locular. Styles 2, .1mm long. Calyx tube .9mm long, glabrous, 5-lobed. Lobes acute, scarious, .4-.5mm long. Fruits to +4mm long, oval to orbicular, glabrous.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - Wet to moist areas.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This plant is one of the more toxic species of the Apiaceae or of any plant family for that matter. The plant has a pleasant licorice or anise scent when crushed but obviously it should not be eaten. It is easy to ID in the field because of its habitat, its glabrous and glaucous stems (which are purplish at the nodes), and its 2-3-pinnately divided leaves.
The Missouri plants are all variety maculata. A couple of other varieties are found in the U.S. but not in Missouri. The plant is common throughout Missouri.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月14日
Family - Liliaceae
Stems - Bulb. Scape to +50cm tall, 3-4mm in diameter, glabrous, single.
Leaves - Basal, linear, +/-1cm broad, +30cm long, glabrous, entire, dull green above, shiny deep green below.
Inflorescence - Indeterminate raceme terminating scape, 15-16cm long (tall), with +/-40 flowers. Flower pedicels subtended by thin bract to +1cm long.
Flowers - Perianth to 2cm broad, rotate, nectariferous. Pedicels to 1cm long, elongating in fruit, glabrous. Tepals to 1cm long, 3-5mm broad, linear-oblong, white with lilac tinge, glabrous. Stamens 6, borne at base of tepals. Filaments 6mm long, glabrous. Anthers yellow, 3mm long, 1.2mm broad. Ovary superior, glabrous, 3mm long, ovoid, with 3 locules, many seeded, placentation axile. Style 3mm long, glabrous, white. Stigma 3-lobed.
Flowering - April - May.
Habitat - Open woods, stream banks, glades, prairies, fields, roadsides.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is a very abundant plant throughout most of the state. It doesn't bloom for very long though so see it while you can.
The perianth is variable in color and I could have placed the plant in the blue flowers section of this site also. I think the perianth is normally more whitish than blue.
Stems - Bulb. Scape to +50cm tall, 3-4mm in diameter, glabrous, single.
Leaves - Basal, linear, +/-1cm broad, +30cm long, glabrous, entire, dull green above, shiny deep green below.
Inflorescence - Indeterminate raceme terminating scape, 15-16cm long (tall), with +/-40 flowers. Flower pedicels subtended by thin bract to +1cm long.
Flowers - Perianth to 2cm broad, rotate, nectariferous. Pedicels to 1cm long, elongating in fruit, glabrous. Tepals to 1cm long, 3-5mm broad, linear-oblong, white with lilac tinge, glabrous. Stamens 6, borne at base of tepals. Filaments 6mm long, glabrous. Anthers yellow, 3mm long, 1.2mm broad. Ovary superior, glabrous, 3mm long, ovoid, with 3 locules, many seeded, placentation axile. Style 3mm long, glabrous, white. Stigma 3-lobed.
Flowering - April - May.
Habitat - Open woods, stream banks, glades, prairies, fields, roadsides.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is a very abundant plant throughout most of the state. It doesn't bloom for very long though so see it while you can.
The perianth is variable in color and I could have placed the plant in the blue flowers section of this site also. I think the perianth is normally more whitish than blue.
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