文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月28日
Family - Apocynaceae
Stems - Vining to climbing or twining, herbaceous, glabrous or with sparse hairs near nodes, to +2m long, often rooting at nodes.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate. Petioles to +1cm long, with sparse cilia on margins near blade. Blades to 6cm long, +4.5cm broad, ovate, entire, deep green above, dull green below, acute at apex, somewhat truncate to cordate at base, pubescent on veins above, glabrous below. Margins ciliate.
Inflorescence - Single axillary flowers. Peduncles typically shorter than leaves, to +4cm long, 1.1mm in diameter, glabrous.
Flowers - Corolla to 5cm broad, slaverform. Corolla tube to +/-1.5cm long, contracted near base, glabrous, 5-lobed. Lobes spreading, to 2cm long, 1.8cm broad, purple with white at base, glabrous, truncate at apex. Stamens 5, adnate to corolla tube, included. Anthers converging, with expanded connective that covers the stigma. Style 1, included. Ovary 2-carpellate. Calyx tube to 2mm long and broad, 5-lobed. Lobes linear-attenuate, to 1.5cm long, 1.1mm broad at base, ciliate-margined. Follicles 2, fused, to 5cm long.
Flowering - April - May.
Habitat - Cultivated.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - When speaking of this plant is very important that everyone is using scientific name to prevent confusion. The name Vinca is, unfortunately, used by some folks as a name for another member of the Apocynaceae, Catharanthus roseus. The term "Periwinkle" is often used to name both Vinca and Catharanthus. To make matters worse there is another species of Vinca, Vinca minor, which also grows in Missouri. If there were ever a better argument for using only scientific names, I do not know it.
V. major is not as common in this state as the closely related V. minor. The two plants are nearly identical except for leaf shape and flower size.
Stems - Vining to climbing or twining, herbaceous, glabrous or with sparse hairs near nodes, to +2m long, often rooting at nodes.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate. Petioles to +1cm long, with sparse cilia on margins near blade. Blades to 6cm long, +4.5cm broad, ovate, entire, deep green above, dull green below, acute at apex, somewhat truncate to cordate at base, pubescent on veins above, glabrous below. Margins ciliate.
Inflorescence - Single axillary flowers. Peduncles typically shorter than leaves, to +4cm long, 1.1mm in diameter, glabrous.
Flowers - Corolla to 5cm broad, slaverform. Corolla tube to +/-1.5cm long, contracted near base, glabrous, 5-lobed. Lobes spreading, to 2cm long, 1.8cm broad, purple with white at base, glabrous, truncate at apex. Stamens 5, adnate to corolla tube, included. Anthers converging, with expanded connective that covers the stigma. Style 1, included. Ovary 2-carpellate. Calyx tube to 2mm long and broad, 5-lobed. Lobes linear-attenuate, to 1.5cm long, 1.1mm broad at base, ciliate-margined. Follicles 2, fused, to 5cm long.
Flowering - April - May.
Habitat - Cultivated.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - When speaking of this plant is very important that everyone is using scientific name to prevent confusion. The name Vinca is, unfortunately, used by some folks as a name for another member of the Apocynaceae, Catharanthus roseus. The term "Periwinkle" is often used to name both Vinca and Catharanthus. To make matters worse there is another species of Vinca, Vinca minor, which also grows in Missouri. If there were ever a better argument for using only scientific names, I do not know it.
V. major is not as common in this state as the closely related V. minor. The two plants are nearly identical except for leaf shape and flower size.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月26日
Family - Ranunculaceae
Stems - Sprawling to climbing, herbaceous, glabrous or with a few hairs at nodes, terete ar with rounded angles, reddish-brown, branching.
Leaves - Opposite. odd-pinnately compound with 3-7 leaflets. Petiolules of lateral leaflets to 2cm long. Petiolule of terminal leaflet longer. Leaflets entire, ovate to rotund, blunt at apex, mucronate, glabrous above, glabrous or with a few sparse hairs below, glaucous below, to +6cm long, +4.5cm broad. Terminal leaflet twining.
Inflorescence - Single pedunculate flowers from leaf axils. Peduncles subtended by a pair of foliaceous bracts. Peduncles to 10cm long, purple, glabrous, bent at apex.
Flowers - Apetalous, urcreolate. Sepals 4, thick, spongy, purple at base fading to greenish-white at apex externally, white internally, joined near base, recurving at apices, acute, to +2cm long, 1cm broad at base. Stamens many (+50), included. Filaments to 1.2cm long, pubescent, creamy white. Anthers pale yellow, .7mm long. Pistils dense villous for entire length, 1.6cm long.
Flowering - May - June.
Habitat - Rocky open woods, bluff ledges, rocky ravines.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - In Missouri, there are a few species of these purple flowered Clematis that look alike. When I get them all posted you can see the differences for yourself.
C. versicolor is a striking plant and is being used in cultivation. It is found in south-central Missouri in the Ozarks. It seems to prefer locations with a shady northern or eastern exposure.
Stems - Sprawling to climbing, herbaceous, glabrous or with a few hairs at nodes, terete ar with rounded angles, reddish-brown, branching.
Leaves - Opposite. odd-pinnately compound with 3-7 leaflets. Petiolules of lateral leaflets to 2cm long. Petiolule of terminal leaflet longer. Leaflets entire, ovate to rotund, blunt at apex, mucronate, glabrous above, glabrous or with a few sparse hairs below, glaucous below, to +6cm long, +4.5cm broad. Terminal leaflet twining.
Inflorescence - Single pedunculate flowers from leaf axils. Peduncles subtended by a pair of foliaceous bracts. Peduncles to 10cm long, purple, glabrous, bent at apex.
Flowers - Apetalous, urcreolate. Sepals 4, thick, spongy, purple at base fading to greenish-white at apex externally, white internally, joined near base, recurving at apices, acute, to +2cm long, 1cm broad at base. Stamens many (+50), included. Filaments to 1.2cm long, pubescent, creamy white. Anthers pale yellow, .7mm long. Pistils dense villous for entire length, 1.6cm long.
Flowering - May - June.
Habitat - Rocky open woods, bluff ledges, rocky ravines.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - In Missouri, there are a few species of these purple flowered Clematis that look alike. When I get them all posted you can see the differences for yourself.
C. versicolor is a striking plant and is being used in cultivation. It is found in south-central Missouri in the Ozarks. It seems to prefer locations with a shady northern or eastern exposure.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月26日
Family - Ranunculaceae
Stems - To +1m long, vining, climbing, suffrutescent, pubescent, twisted or not, angled and ribbed, 2-3mm thick, brown.
Leaves - Opposite, pinnately compound, petiolate, mostly about +/-15cm long. Rachis antrorse pilosulous. Leaflets opposite. Petiolules to +/-1.5cm long, with a very shallow adaxial groove, pilosulous. Terminal most leaflets often twisted and acting as tendrils. Tendrils present from between the leaflets or not. Leaflets ovate to lanceolate, with obvious reticulate venation (especially below), entire, acute, to +/-9cm long, +/-5cm broad, dark dull green and nearly glabrous adaxially, shiny light green and pubescent abaxially.
Inflorescence - Single pedunculate axillary flower. Peduncle often with a pair of opposite bracts in the lower 1/3. Bracts typically orbicular. Peduncles antrorse pilosulous, to +/-11cm long, purplish at apex by the flower. Flower pendulous.
Flowers - Petals absent. Sepals petaloid, to 2.5cm long, united in basal 2/3 but easily separated, spreading to (more commonly) recurved at the tips, acute, pilosulous externally (may need a lens to see this), purplish at the base and fading to greenish at the tips, thick (+/-2mm). Stamens many, mostly included, their apices just protruding beyond the sepals, to 2cm long, glabrous in the basal 1/2, with antrorse barbs in the apical 1/2, greenish-yellow. Anthers basifixed, not easily differentiated from the filaments. Pistils densely antrorse appressed pubescent, with long curling apices.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - Low or rocky woods, bluff ledges, thickets, slopes.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This species can be found throughout Missouri and is the most common member of the genus in the state. It can be identified by its pubescent stems, bluish flowers (which reach about 2.5cm long), and its reticulate-veined leaflets. Many of the Clematis species in Missouri look alike, check carefully to ensure a proper ID. The leaves of this species, and most others in the genus, blacken quickly upon drying.
Stems - To +1m long, vining, climbing, suffrutescent, pubescent, twisted or not, angled and ribbed, 2-3mm thick, brown.
Leaves - Opposite, pinnately compound, petiolate, mostly about +/-15cm long. Rachis antrorse pilosulous. Leaflets opposite. Petiolules to +/-1.5cm long, with a very shallow adaxial groove, pilosulous. Terminal most leaflets often twisted and acting as tendrils. Tendrils present from between the leaflets or not. Leaflets ovate to lanceolate, with obvious reticulate venation (especially below), entire, acute, to +/-9cm long, +/-5cm broad, dark dull green and nearly glabrous adaxially, shiny light green and pubescent abaxially.
Inflorescence - Single pedunculate axillary flower. Peduncle often with a pair of opposite bracts in the lower 1/3. Bracts typically orbicular. Peduncles antrorse pilosulous, to +/-11cm long, purplish at apex by the flower. Flower pendulous.
Flowers - Petals absent. Sepals petaloid, to 2.5cm long, united in basal 2/3 but easily separated, spreading to (more commonly) recurved at the tips, acute, pilosulous externally (may need a lens to see this), purplish at the base and fading to greenish at the tips, thick (+/-2mm). Stamens many, mostly included, their apices just protruding beyond the sepals, to 2cm long, glabrous in the basal 1/2, with antrorse barbs in the apical 1/2, greenish-yellow. Anthers basifixed, not easily differentiated from the filaments. Pistils densely antrorse appressed pubescent, with long curling apices.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - Low or rocky woods, bluff ledges, thickets, slopes.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This species can be found throughout Missouri and is the most common member of the genus in the state. It can be identified by its pubescent stems, bluish flowers (which reach about 2.5cm long), and its reticulate-veined leaflets. Many of the Clematis species in Missouri look alike, check carefully to ensure a proper ID. The leaves of this species, and most others in the genus, blacken quickly upon drying.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月26日
Family - Caprifoliaceae
Stems - To several meters long, trailing to climbing or twining, typically glabrous.
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, sessile, glabrous and deep green above, dull green to glaucous below, entire, broadly ovate to elliptic, to +5cm long, +4cm broad. Leaves just below inflorescence typically perfoliate and joined at base.
Inflorescence - Terminal paired cymules at each node. Cymules of typically 3 flowers each (so six flowers per node). Flowers sessile.
Flowers - Corolla deep red, glabrous, to 5cm long, 5-lobed(slightly bilabiate). Lobes acute, to 6mm long. Stamens 5, exserted, adnate at base of corolla tube. Filaments white, glabrous. Anthers yellow, to 3-4mm long. Style exserted past stamens, whitish, glabrous. Stigma capitate. Ovary inferior. Calyx minute, 5-toothed, glabrous, green. Teeth to -1mm long, whitish.
Flowering - April - July.
Habitat - Cultivated and rarely escaped to thickets and roadsides.
Origin - Native to the Eastern U.S., cultivated in Missouri.
Other info. - This is a very striking plant while in flower. The brilliant red flowers cannot be missed and are great for attracting flying insects. The species name of the plant means "evergreen" and the leaves do hold on the plant throughout the winter.
Stems - To several meters long, trailing to climbing or twining, typically glabrous.
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, sessile, glabrous and deep green above, dull green to glaucous below, entire, broadly ovate to elliptic, to +5cm long, +4cm broad. Leaves just below inflorescence typically perfoliate and joined at base.
Inflorescence - Terminal paired cymules at each node. Cymules of typically 3 flowers each (so six flowers per node). Flowers sessile.
Flowers - Corolla deep red, glabrous, to 5cm long, 5-lobed(slightly bilabiate). Lobes acute, to 6mm long. Stamens 5, exserted, adnate at base of corolla tube. Filaments white, glabrous. Anthers yellow, to 3-4mm long. Style exserted past stamens, whitish, glabrous. Stigma capitate. Ovary inferior. Calyx minute, 5-toothed, glabrous, green. Teeth to -1mm long, whitish.
Flowering - April - July.
Habitat - Cultivated and rarely escaped to thickets and roadsides.
Origin - Native to the Eastern U.S., cultivated in Missouri.
Other info. - This is a very striking plant while in flower. The brilliant red flowers cannot be missed and are great for attracting flying insects. The species name of the plant means "evergreen" and the leaves do hold on the plant throughout the winter.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月25日
Family - Bignoniaceae
Stems - Woody, climbing or clambering, multiple from base, forming aerial rootlets. New seasons growth glabrous, green.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate, odd-pinnate, with +/-11 leaflets. Petiole and rachis glabrous or with a few cilia near the base of the leaflets, with a narrow adaxial groove, green. Leaflets opposite, ovate, acuminate, coarsely and irregularly serrate, glabrous above, sparsely pubescent on veins below, acute to acuminate, to +6cm long, +4cm broad. Leaf tissue abruptly contracted and deccurent on petiolule.
Inflorescence - Terminal corymbs of +/-10 flowers. Pedicels to 1.7cm long, subtended by small linear bracts. Pedicel also often with two small scalelike bracts near middle.
Flowers - Corolla red-orange, orange, or yellow, to +/-7cm long, 2cm in diameter, funnelform, 5-lobed at apex, zygomorphic, glabrous. Lobes suborbicular, to 2.5cm broad, 1.5cm long. Stamens 5 (4 + 1), didynamous, included, adnate at contracted portion of corolla tube. Filaments to +3cm long, glabrous, pale yellow. Anthers tan, 5-6mm long. Small stamen with filament to 1.8cm long. Style 1, 4.8cm long, glabrous, yellow-green. Stigma flattened, spatulate, to 3mm broad. Ovary superior, 8mm long, subterete to weakly 6-angled. Placentation axile. Ovules many, glabrous. Calyx tube to +2cm long, reddish, 5-lobed. Lobes 8mm long, acute, 5-6mm broad at base, glabrous internally and externally. Capsules 2-valved, to +15cm long, beaked, woody. Seeds winged.
Flowering - May - August.
Habitat - Open woods, thickets, fence rows, waste ground, disturbed sites, roadsides, railroads. Also cultivated.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This striking species is common throughout Missouri but is actually native to only the Ozark section of the state. This is an easily identified vine because of its opposite, pinnate leaves and big, orange flowers. It can frequently be seen growing along fence rows and in waste places.
C. radicans can be aggressive if unchecked and some people are mildly allergic to the plant.
Stems - Woody, climbing or clambering, multiple from base, forming aerial rootlets. New seasons growth glabrous, green.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate, odd-pinnate, with +/-11 leaflets. Petiole and rachis glabrous or with a few cilia near the base of the leaflets, with a narrow adaxial groove, green. Leaflets opposite, ovate, acuminate, coarsely and irregularly serrate, glabrous above, sparsely pubescent on veins below, acute to acuminate, to +6cm long, +4cm broad. Leaf tissue abruptly contracted and deccurent on petiolule.
Inflorescence - Terminal corymbs of +/-10 flowers. Pedicels to 1.7cm long, subtended by small linear bracts. Pedicel also often with two small scalelike bracts near middle.
Flowers - Corolla red-orange, orange, or yellow, to +/-7cm long, 2cm in diameter, funnelform, 5-lobed at apex, zygomorphic, glabrous. Lobes suborbicular, to 2.5cm broad, 1.5cm long. Stamens 5 (4 + 1), didynamous, included, adnate at contracted portion of corolla tube. Filaments to +3cm long, glabrous, pale yellow. Anthers tan, 5-6mm long. Small stamen with filament to 1.8cm long. Style 1, 4.8cm long, glabrous, yellow-green. Stigma flattened, spatulate, to 3mm broad. Ovary superior, 8mm long, subterete to weakly 6-angled. Placentation axile. Ovules many, glabrous. Calyx tube to +2cm long, reddish, 5-lobed. Lobes 8mm long, acute, 5-6mm broad at base, glabrous internally and externally. Capsules 2-valved, to +15cm long, beaked, woody. Seeds winged.
Flowering - May - August.
Habitat - Open woods, thickets, fence rows, waste ground, disturbed sites, roadsides, railroads. Also cultivated.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This striking species is common throughout Missouri but is actually native to only the Ozark section of the state. This is an easily identified vine because of its opposite, pinnate leaves and big, orange flowers. It can frequently be seen growing along fence rows and in waste places.
C. radicans can be aggressive if unchecked and some people are mildly allergic to the plant.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月25日
Family - Fabaceae
Stems - Trailing and climbing, appearing glabrous but with sparse antrorse strigose hairs, winged from decurrent leaf (stipule) tissue, hollow, herbaceous, to +1m long.
Leaves - Alternate, stipulate, even-pinnate. Stipules to 6mm long, coarsely dentate, sparse appressed pubescent below and on margins, often with a purplish spot below. Leaflets subopposite, 5-6 pairs per leaf on upper leaves, on short petiolules, (to -1mm long), entire, truncate and mucronate at apex, pubescent below, mostly glabrous above, linear-oblong to elliptic-oblong or obovate(on lowest leaves), to 1.7cm long, 5-6mm broad. Margins ciliate. Tendril terminating the leaf branching.
Inflorescence - One or two flowers from leaf axils. Pedicels -1mm long, pubescent. Pedicel connected to ventral half of calyx tube.
Flowers - Corolla pinkish. Standard to 1.4cm long, 6-7mm broad but often folded, glabrous, purplish-pink, whitish at base. Wings adnate to keels, purplish-pink at apex. Keels connate apically. Stamens diadelphous, the tube glabrous and white. Anthers yellowish, .2-.3mm long. Ovary green, papillate, 7-8mm long, compressed. Style short, 1.1mm long, green, glabrous except at stigma. Stigma subtended by floccose tuft of hairs. Fruit nearly black at maturity, +2cm long, slightly compressed. Calyx tube 5-6mm long, 2-3mm in diameter, appressed pubescent, 5-lobed. Lobes to +3mm long, attenuate.
Flowering - April - August.
Habitat - Waste ground, disturbed sites, grassy fields, railroads, roadsides.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This small bean is becoming quite well established in Missouri and other portions of North America. The plant grows rapidly from seed and should not be willingly spread, as it is introduced.
Stems - Trailing and climbing, appearing glabrous but with sparse antrorse strigose hairs, winged from decurrent leaf (stipule) tissue, hollow, herbaceous, to +1m long.
Leaves - Alternate, stipulate, even-pinnate. Stipules to 6mm long, coarsely dentate, sparse appressed pubescent below and on margins, often with a purplish spot below. Leaflets subopposite, 5-6 pairs per leaf on upper leaves, on short petiolules, (to -1mm long), entire, truncate and mucronate at apex, pubescent below, mostly glabrous above, linear-oblong to elliptic-oblong or obovate(on lowest leaves), to 1.7cm long, 5-6mm broad. Margins ciliate. Tendril terminating the leaf branching.
Inflorescence - One or two flowers from leaf axils. Pedicels -1mm long, pubescent. Pedicel connected to ventral half of calyx tube.
Flowers - Corolla pinkish. Standard to 1.4cm long, 6-7mm broad but often folded, glabrous, purplish-pink, whitish at base. Wings adnate to keels, purplish-pink at apex. Keels connate apically. Stamens diadelphous, the tube glabrous and white. Anthers yellowish, .2-.3mm long. Ovary green, papillate, 7-8mm long, compressed. Style short, 1.1mm long, green, glabrous except at stigma. Stigma subtended by floccose tuft of hairs. Fruit nearly black at maturity, +2cm long, slightly compressed. Calyx tube 5-6mm long, 2-3mm in diameter, appressed pubescent, 5-lobed. Lobes to +3mm long, attenuate.
Flowering - April - August.
Habitat - Waste ground, disturbed sites, grassy fields, railroads, roadsides.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This small bean is becoming quite well established in Missouri and other portions of North America. The plant grows rapidly from seed and should not be willingly spread, as it is introduced.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月24日
Family - Rosaceae
Stems - To +4m long (tall), erect, climbing or sprawling, woody at least at the base, glabrous to hispid, armed with prickles or not, terete.
Leaves - Alternate, typically 3-foliolate on older growth, 5-foliolate on younger growth. Leaflets elliptic, ovate or oblong, serrate, to +5cm long, 4cm wide, glabrous above, variously pubescent to glabrous below. Petiole and stipules glabrous or glandular pubescent.
Inflorescence - Single flowers or few flowered corymbs from leaf axils.
Flowers - Petals 5, pink (rarely white), to +3cm long. Stamens many. Styles 5, united and protruding from hypanthium. Hypanthium +/-1cm in diameter. Sepals 5, to +1.5cm long, pubescent to glandular pubescent. Flowers fragrant.
Flowering - May - July.
Habitat - Moist ground, thickets, open woods, fence rows, roadsides.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is one of the more common roses found in the state. It seems to prefer a shaded location with neighboring plants for support, but will grow fine in the sun and alone.
The plant is quite variable and Steyermark lists two varieties and five forms of the species, mostly based on leaf pubescence and flower color. I wont go into those here.
Stems - To +4m long (tall), erect, climbing or sprawling, woody at least at the base, glabrous to hispid, armed with prickles or not, terete.
Leaves - Alternate, typically 3-foliolate on older growth, 5-foliolate on younger growth. Leaflets elliptic, ovate or oblong, serrate, to +5cm long, 4cm wide, glabrous above, variously pubescent to glabrous below. Petiole and stipules glabrous or glandular pubescent.
Inflorescence - Single flowers or few flowered corymbs from leaf axils.
Flowers - Petals 5, pink (rarely white), to +3cm long. Stamens many. Styles 5, united and protruding from hypanthium. Hypanthium +/-1cm in diameter. Sepals 5, to +1.5cm long, pubescent to glandular pubescent. Flowers fragrant.
Flowering - May - July.
Habitat - Moist ground, thickets, open woods, fence rows, roadsides.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is one of the more common roses found in the state. It seems to prefer a shaded location with neighboring plants for support, but will grow fine in the sun and alone.
The plant is quite variable and Steyermark lists two varieties and five forms of the species, mostly based on leaf pubescence and flower color. I wont go into those here.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月24日
Family - Fabaceae
Stems - To +2m, heavily winged, herbaceous, climbing, glabrous, typically glaucous, from taproot, branching, multiple from base.
Leaves - Alternate, pinnate - with two leaflets. Leaflets to +10cm long, -5cm broad, glabrous, lanceolate to oblong. Petiole winged. Tendril present from between leaflets, branching. Stipules linear to lanceolate, to +2cm long.
Inflorescence - Axillary racemes of 2-20 flowers on long peduncles. Peduncles glabrous. Pedicels to +2cm long, glabrous.
Flowers - Corolla deep pink to white, papilionaceous, to 2.5cm long. Standard very broad, emarginate at apex. Stamens 10, diadelphous. Style flattish, pubescent. Calyx 5-lobed. Calyx tube to 6mm long, 5mm in diameter, glabrous. Lobes unequal, the lowest lobe longer than the others, to 7mm long. All lobes acute to acuminate. Fruits compressed, to +10cm long, 1cm broad, glabrous.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - Roadsides, railroads, fencerows, open fields, sometimes cultivated.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This is a common and easily identified species in the state. The winged stems are very obvious and the flowers are very striking. The plant can be seen in profusion along roadsides and fencerows during its blooming season.
The flowers are vary variable in color, especially with the cultivated plants. Here are some color variations:
Stems - To +2m, heavily winged, herbaceous, climbing, glabrous, typically glaucous, from taproot, branching, multiple from base.
Leaves - Alternate, pinnate - with two leaflets. Leaflets to +10cm long, -5cm broad, glabrous, lanceolate to oblong. Petiole winged. Tendril present from between leaflets, branching. Stipules linear to lanceolate, to +2cm long.
Inflorescence - Axillary racemes of 2-20 flowers on long peduncles. Peduncles glabrous. Pedicels to +2cm long, glabrous.
Flowers - Corolla deep pink to white, papilionaceous, to 2.5cm long. Standard very broad, emarginate at apex. Stamens 10, diadelphous. Style flattish, pubescent. Calyx 5-lobed. Calyx tube to 6mm long, 5mm in diameter, glabrous. Lobes unequal, the lowest lobe longer than the others, to 7mm long. All lobes acute to acuminate. Fruits compressed, to +10cm long, 1cm broad, glabrous.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - Roadsides, railroads, fencerows, open fields, sometimes cultivated.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This is a common and easily identified species in the state. The winged stems are very obvious and the flowers are very striking. The plant can be seen in profusion along roadsides and fencerows during its blooming season.
The flowers are vary variable in color, especially with the cultivated plants. Here are some color variations:
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月22日
Family - Fabaceae
Stems - Sprawling to clambering or climbing (by means of tendrils on leaves), herbaceous, from taproot, villous, carinate to angled.
Leaves - Alternate, even-pinnate, stipulate, to +13cm long, with +/-10 pairs of leaflets, terminating with a branched tendril. Stipules foliaceous, lance-ovate, to +/-1cm long, villous. Leaflets alternate to subopposite, on short petiolules, linear-oblong to linear-lanceolate, mucronate, entire, to +2cm long, +/-6mm broad, dense pubescent.
Inflorescence - Pedunculate spiciform axillary raceme to +/-7cm long. Flowers secund. Peduncle to +/-6cm long, carinate, villous. Flowers nodding. Pedicels to 2mm long, connected to lower portion of calyx tube.
Flowers - Corolla white, papilionaceous, glabrous. Standard to 1.3cm long, 7mm broad at apex, notched. Wing petals adhering to keel petals. Stamens 10, diadelphous, to 1cm long, glabrous. Style upcurved, pubescent at apex. Ovary compressed, green, glabrous, 6-7mm long, on short gynophore. Calyx tube to 3mm long, villous below(sparse above), bilabiate. Upper lip reduced, with two shallow lobes. Lobes to 1mm long, acuminate. Lower lip 3-lobed. Lateral two lobes to 4mm long, -1mm broad. Central lobe to 6mm long, -1mm broad, villous. Fruit compressed, to 3cm long, 1cm broad, pubescent, few seeded.
Flowering - April - October.
Habitat - Railroads.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - The plant pictured above was the first finding of V. villosa f. albiflora in Missouri. It was found in Swope Park in Jackson County by some railroad tracks. Typical V. villosa has blue-purple flowers and is very common. The species is an introduced weed and is very aggressive.
Here is a pic of both forms of the plant growing side by side:
Stems - Sprawling to clambering or climbing (by means of tendrils on leaves), herbaceous, from taproot, villous, carinate to angled.
Leaves - Alternate, even-pinnate, stipulate, to +13cm long, with +/-10 pairs of leaflets, terminating with a branched tendril. Stipules foliaceous, lance-ovate, to +/-1cm long, villous. Leaflets alternate to subopposite, on short petiolules, linear-oblong to linear-lanceolate, mucronate, entire, to +2cm long, +/-6mm broad, dense pubescent.
Inflorescence - Pedunculate spiciform axillary raceme to +/-7cm long. Flowers secund. Peduncle to +/-6cm long, carinate, villous. Flowers nodding. Pedicels to 2mm long, connected to lower portion of calyx tube.
Flowers - Corolla white, papilionaceous, glabrous. Standard to 1.3cm long, 7mm broad at apex, notched. Wing petals adhering to keel petals. Stamens 10, diadelphous, to 1cm long, glabrous. Style upcurved, pubescent at apex. Ovary compressed, green, glabrous, 6-7mm long, on short gynophore. Calyx tube to 3mm long, villous below(sparse above), bilabiate. Upper lip reduced, with two shallow lobes. Lobes to 1mm long, acuminate. Lower lip 3-lobed. Lateral two lobes to 4mm long, -1mm broad. Central lobe to 6mm long, -1mm broad, villous. Fruit compressed, to 3cm long, 1cm broad, pubescent, few seeded.
Flowering - April - October.
Habitat - Railroads.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - The plant pictured above was the first finding of V. villosa f. albiflora in Missouri. It was found in Swope Park in Jackson County by some railroad tracks. Typical V. villosa has blue-purple flowers and is very common. The species is an introduced weed and is very aggressive.
Here is a pic of both forms of the plant growing side by side:
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月13日
Family - Vitaceae
Stems - Climbing, with tight, non shredding bark. Pith continuous through nodes. Tendrils present opposite some, but not all, leaves.
Leaves - Alternate, toothed, un-lobed or with two to four small lobes, glabrous, petiolate, truncate to cordate.
Inflorescence - Noticeably broader than long, horizontally branching.
Flowers - Creamy white. Petals separate, small, 2-3mm in length. Fruits globose, 5-7mm in diameter, bluish when mature, glabrous.
Flowering - May - July. Fruits ripening September - November.
Habitat - Wet areas, disturbed sites, low woods, thickets, railroads near woods.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - THis is a common Missouri species. I have encountered areas where this plant is much more abundant than any of its grape relatives, genus Vitis, and has climbed to the very top of some very tall trees (20-30m). This species does produce a grape-like fruit but it is not edible. The easiest way to distinguish between this species and the true grapes is to notice that the flower clusters of this species are compact and broad. Grapes have clusters which are elongated.
Stems - Climbing, with tight, non shredding bark. Pith continuous through nodes. Tendrils present opposite some, but not all, leaves.
Leaves - Alternate, toothed, un-lobed or with two to four small lobes, glabrous, petiolate, truncate to cordate.
Inflorescence - Noticeably broader than long, horizontally branching.
Flowers - Creamy white. Petals separate, small, 2-3mm in length. Fruits globose, 5-7mm in diameter, bluish when mature, glabrous.
Flowering - May - July. Fruits ripening September - November.
Habitat - Wet areas, disturbed sites, low woods, thickets, railroads near woods.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - THis is a common Missouri species. I have encountered areas where this plant is much more abundant than any of its grape relatives, genus Vitis, and has climbed to the very top of some very tall trees (20-30m). This species does produce a grape-like fruit but it is not edible. The easiest way to distinguish between this species and the true grapes is to notice that the flower clusters of this species are compact and broad. Grapes have clusters which are elongated.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月12日
Family - Asclepiadaceae
Stems - Twining, climbing, herbaceous, brownish, with milky sap, hirsute and with glandular pubescence (some hairs with swollen glandular bases), from thickened roots.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate. Petiole 5-6cm long, with same pubescence as stem. Blade to +/-13cm long. +/-10cm broad, broadly ovate to orbicular, cordate, entire, acute to acuminate, scabrous above from swollen pubescence, appearing punctate because of swollen hairs.
Inflorescence - Axillary umbellate cymes with +15 flowers. Peduncles to 6cm long. Pedicels to +2cm long. Peduncles and pedicels with same pubescence as stem.
Flowers - Corolla white, 5-lobed. Lobes twisting, +/-1.2cm long, 2-3mm broad, with same pubescence as stem externally, glabrous internally, blunt to slightly emarginate. Corona 5-lobed. Lobes to .5mm long, alternating with appendages. Appendages to .8mm long, often bifurcate. Pollinia minute, +/-.1mm broad, .3mm long, with dark reddish-brown translator. Anther head discoid, +/-1.3mm broad (diameter). Calyx 5-lobed. Lobes 3-4mm long, lanceolate, spreading to slightly recurved, densely brown glandular. Follicles to 9cm long, tuberculate. Seeds ovate, to 9mm long. Coma to +3cm long, tan.
Flowering - May - June.
Habitat - Moist ground of rocky open woods and thickets. Also on glades.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is one of 4 species of the genus found in Missouri. This plant prefers moist ground and is found mostly in the southwest corner of the state.
This is an easy species to identify becasue of its opposite leaves, pubescent stems, and white flowers. The flowers have twisted petals.
Stems - Twining, climbing, herbaceous, brownish, with milky sap, hirsute and with glandular pubescence (some hairs with swollen glandular bases), from thickened roots.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate. Petiole 5-6cm long, with same pubescence as stem. Blade to +/-13cm long. +/-10cm broad, broadly ovate to orbicular, cordate, entire, acute to acuminate, scabrous above from swollen pubescence, appearing punctate because of swollen hairs.
Inflorescence - Axillary umbellate cymes with +15 flowers. Peduncles to 6cm long. Pedicels to +2cm long. Peduncles and pedicels with same pubescence as stem.
Flowers - Corolla white, 5-lobed. Lobes twisting, +/-1.2cm long, 2-3mm broad, with same pubescence as stem externally, glabrous internally, blunt to slightly emarginate. Corona 5-lobed. Lobes to .5mm long, alternating with appendages. Appendages to .8mm long, often bifurcate. Pollinia minute, +/-.1mm broad, .3mm long, with dark reddish-brown translator. Anther head discoid, +/-1.3mm broad (diameter). Calyx 5-lobed. Lobes 3-4mm long, lanceolate, spreading to slightly recurved, densely brown glandular. Follicles to 9cm long, tuberculate. Seeds ovate, to 9mm long. Coma to +3cm long, tan.
Flowering - May - June.
Habitat - Moist ground of rocky open woods and thickets. Also on glades.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is one of 4 species of the genus found in Missouri. This plant prefers moist ground and is found mostly in the southwest corner of the state.
This is an easy species to identify becasue of its opposite leaves, pubescent stems, and white flowers. The flowers have twisted petals.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月11日
Family - Ranunculaceae
Stems - Twining to trailing or climbing, somewhat woody near base, herbaceous above, glabrous, carinate, much branched.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate, twining, odd pinnately compound with typically 5-7 leaflets. Petiole to 4cm long, with an adaxial groove, sparse pubescent to glabrous. Leaflets ovate to ovate lanceolate or orbicular, some cordate at base, with petiolules to 3cm long and twining, entire, mucronate, deep green and glabrous above, dull green and sparse pubescent below, to +7cm long, +4cm broad.
Inflorescence - Axillary panicles. Peduncles and pedicels carinate, glabrous to sparse pubescent.
Flowers - Petals absent. Petaloid sepals 4, white to cream, to -2cm long, glabrous above, pubescent to sparse pilose below. Stamens +30. Filaments white, glabrous, to +/-8mm long. Anthers whitish to pale yellow, to 2mm long. Pistils 5, distinct, 8mm long, sericeous. Flowers fragrant. Achenes to 8mm long when mature, with persistent plumose style.
Flowering - July - October.
Habitat - Cultivated. Also escaped to waste ground, empty lots, roadsides.
Origin - Native to Japan.
Other info. - This is a showy and fragrant plant when in flower. The flowers are about 4-5cm broad and attract many good flying insects. The seeds are distributed by the wind and the plant escapes cultivation easily. It probably will become a pest in the future.
Stems - Twining to trailing or climbing, somewhat woody near base, herbaceous above, glabrous, carinate, much branched.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate, twining, odd pinnately compound with typically 5-7 leaflets. Petiole to 4cm long, with an adaxial groove, sparse pubescent to glabrous. Leaflets ovate to ovate lanceolate or orbicular, some cordate at base, with petiolules to 3cm long and twining, entire, mucronate, deep green and glabrous above, dull green and sparse pubescent below, to +7cm long, +4cm broad.
Inflorescence - Axillary panicles. Peduncles and pedicels carinate, glabrous to sparse pubescent.
Flowers - Petals absent. Petaloid sepals 4, white to cream, to -2cm long, glabrous above, pubescent to sparse pilose below. Stamens +30. Filaments white, glabrous, to +/-8mm long. Anthers whitish to pale yellow, to 2mm long. Pistils 5, distinct, 8mm long, sericeous. Flowers fragrant. Achenes to 8mm long when mature, with persistent plumose style.
Flowering - July - October.
Habitat - Cultivated. Also escaped to waste ground, empty lots, roadsides.
Origin - Native to Japan.
Other info. - This is a showy and fragrant plant when in flower. The flowers are about 4-5cm broad and attract many good flying insects. The seeds are distributed by the wind and the plant escapes cultivation easily. It probably will become a pest in the future.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月11日
Family - Asclepiadaceae
Stems - Twining, climbing, herbaceous, often reddish, with milky sap, with villous pubescence in lines on the stems.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate. Petioles to +7cm long, reddish-green. Blades typically glabrous but also variously pubescent, dark green with evident veining above, cordate, ovate, acute to acuminate or apiculate, to +/-10cm long, +/-8cm broad.
Inflorescence - Axillary umbellate cyme with +/-30 flowers. Peduncles to 5cm long, pubescent. Pedicels to 1cm long, pubescent.
Flowers - Corolla deeply 5-lobed. Lobes whitish, 7mm long, -3mm broad, erect to spreading, glabrous. Corona of 5 appendages. Appendages white, erect, to 6mm long, expanded at base, tapering into 2 linear lobes at apex. Calyx 5-lobed. Lobes green with some purple, ovate-lanceolate, to 3mm long, sparse pubescent.
Fruit - A large follicle, 10-11cm long, 4cm wide at widest point, teardrop-shaped, glabrous. Seeds winged, to +8mm long. Coma to 4cm long, white.
Flowering - July - September.
Habitat - Disturbed sites, along fences, waste ground, roadsides, railroads, thickets, open woods.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - Being from the Asclepiadaceae, this plant will "bleed" a white, latex-like secretion when pinched or bruised. Don't get this in your eyes nose or mouth as it can be irritating or harmful.
This plant is seen as a weed by some but it always dies back in the fall leaving the large fruits hanging until they split open dorsally. The seeds can be carried a great distance by the wind.
This species can be found throughout most of Missouri but is apparently absent from the south-central Ozark region.
Stems - Twining, climbing, herbaceous, often reddish, with milky sap, with villous pubescence in lines on the stems.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate. Petioles to +7cm long, reddish-green. Blades typically glabrous but also variously pubescent, dark green with evident veining above, cordate, ovate, acute to acuminate or apiculate, to +/-10cm long, +/-8cm broad.
Inflorescence - Axillary umbellate cyme with +/-30 flowers. Peduncles to 5cm long, pubescent. Pedicels to 1cm long, pubescent.
Flowers - Corolla deeply 5-lobed. Lobes whitish, 7mm long, -3mm broad, erect to spreading, glabrous. Corona of 5 appendages. Appendages white, erect, to 6mm long, expanded at base, tapering into 2 linear lobes at apex. Calyx 5-lobed. Lobes green with some purple, ovate-lanceolate, to 3mm long, sparse pubescent.
Fruit - A large follicle, 10-11cm long, 4cm wide at widest point, teardrop-shaped, glabrous. Seeds winged, to +8mm long. Coma to 4cm long, white.
Flowering - July - September.
Habitat - Disturbed sites, along fences, waste ground, roadsides, railroads, thickets, open woods.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - Being from the Asclepiadaceae, this plant will "bleed" a white, latex-like secretion when pinched or bruised. Don't get this in your eyes nose or mouth as it can be irritating or harmful.
This plant is seen as a weed by some but it always dies back in the fall leaving the large fruits hanging until they split open dorsally. The seeds can be carried a great distance by the wind.
This species can be found throughout most of Missouri but is apparently absent from the south-central Ozark region.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月11日
Family - Ranunculaceae
Stems - Sprawling and climbing, sparse to moderately pubescent, herbaceous to woody, purplish, carinate, very long.
Leaves - Opposite, 3-5 foliate, petiolate. Leaflets lobed and/or coarse serrate, typically ovate to lanceolate, sparse pubescent to glabrous, sericeous below, +/-6cm long, +/-3cm broad. Petiolules to 1cm long or sometimes absent on upper pair of lateral leaflets. Petioles pubescent and purplish.
Inflorescence - Fairly dense axillary panicles. Each division of panicle subtended by pair of small foliaceous bracts. Peduncles and pedicels pubescent.
Flowers - Fragrant. Plants dioecious. Petals absent. Petaloid sepals 4, white, to 1.2cm long, +/-4mm broad, pubescent. Stamens erect to spreading, +/-25. Filaments to 8mm long, white, glabrous. Anthers pale yellow, 1.2mm long. Pistillate flowers with sterile stamens. Pistils many (6-10). Achenes sericeous, to -5mm long. Styles plumose, to +3cm long.
Flowering - July - September.
Habitat - Moist and low ground of woodlands, moist slopes, streambanks, fence rows.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This species is the only native pure white flowered Clematis in Missouri. The similar C. dioscoreifolia Levl. & Vanoit is native to Japan, has larger flowers, and has leaflets which are entire and typically unlobed.
The flower close-ups shown are of staminate flowers.
Stems - Sprawling and climbing, sparse to moderately pubescent, herbaceous to woody, purplish, carinate, very long.
Leaves - Opposite, 3-5 foliate, petiolate. Leaflets lobed and/or coarse serrate, typically ovate to lanceolate, sparse pubescent to glabrous, sericeous below, +/-6cm long, +/-3cm broad. Petiolules to 1cm long or sometimes absent on upper pair of lateral leaflets. Petioles pubescent and purplish.
Inflorescence - Fairly dense axillary panicles. Each division of panicle subtended by pair of small foliaceous bracts. Peduncles and pedicels pubescent.
Flowers - Fragrant. Plants dioecious. Petals absent. Petaloid sepals 4, white, to 1.2cm long, +/-4mm broad, pubescent. Stamens erect to spreading, +/-25. Filaments to 8mm long, white, glabrous. Anthers pale yellow, 1.2mm long. Pistillate flowers with sterile stamens. Pistils many (6-10). Achenes sericeous, to -5mm long. Styles plumose, to +3cm long.
Flowering - July - September.
Habitat - Moist and low ground of woodlands, moist slopes, streambanks, fence rows.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This species is the only native pure white flowered Clematis in Missouri. The similar C. dioscoreifolia Levl. & Vanoit is native to Japan, has larger flowers, and has leaflets which are entire and typically unlobed.
The flower close-ups shown are of staminate flowers.
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