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Miss Chen
2018年02月21日
Miss Chen
Description: This perennial wildflower consists of a semi-evergreen rosette of basal leaves from late fall to early spring, after which it develops a tuft of unbranched stems that have alternate leaves below and inflorescences above. During this latter period of active growth, Dune Goldenrod becomes ¾-2½' long with erect to ascending stems. The central stem of each plant is reddish green, terete, and rather narrow; there are usually fine hairs that are arranged in lines toward the apex, while toward the bottom the stem becomes glabrous. The lower cauline leaves are 3-6" long and ½-1" across; they are medium green, elliptic-oblanceolate in shape, hairless, and often sharply serrated along their margins. The upper cauline leaves are 1-3½" long and ¼-½" across (or sometimes less wide); they are medium green, narrowly elliptic in shape, hairless, and usually smooth along their margins. Both the lower and upper cauline leaves are ascending. The lower cauline leaves taper gradually to petiole-like bases, while the upper cauline leaves are sessile. The basal leaves are similar to the cauline leaves, except they are somewhat wider. The central stem terminates in a narrow panicle of flowerheads about 3-10" long and 1-2½" across. In each panicle, the flowerheads bloom from top to bottom. The panicle is sparingly branched; the branches and peduncles of the panicle are light green, narrowly terete, and often slightly pubescent and resinous. Small leafy bracts (up to 1" long & 1/8" across) occur along the branches of the panicle, including the central axis. The flowerheads have relatively long peduncles (¼-½ in length) that equal or exceed the length of individual flowerheads. Each flowerhead is about 1/6" (4-5 mm.) across and 1/4" (7 mm.) long, consisting of 7-10 yellow ray florets and slightly more disk florets that are golden yellow. Each disk floret consists of a narrow tubular corolla with 5 spreading lobes. Both ray and disk florets are fertile and capable of producing achenes. The base of each flowerhead has narrow floral bracts (phyllaries) in 2-3 overlapping series; they are light green or pale yellowish green, more or less oblong in shape, hairless, and slightly resinous. The blooming period occurs from mid-summer to early fall and lasts about 1-2 months. During the fall, the florets are replaced by small bullet-shaped achenes (2-3 mm. in length) with small tufts of hair; the achenes are sparsely to moderately hairy. They are distributed by the wind. The root system consists of a small caudex with fibrous roots and short rhizomes. Vegetative offsets are occasionally formed. Cultivation: The preference is full sun, mesic to dry conditions, and very sandy soil. Rocky soil is also tolerated. Distribution Map Range & Habitat: According to available records at herbariums, Dune Goldenrod does not occur in Illinois. However, it has been found in all three counties of Indiana that border Lake Michigan, where it is listed as a 'threatened' plant. Because it can be found across the state border in Indiana, it is possible that Dune Goldenrod exists, or at one time existed, as a rare plant in Illinois along the Lake Michigan shoreline. Outside of the state, habitats consist of sand dunes, drier areas of beaches, and rocky shorelines along Lake Michigan and Lake Huron. This wildflower is usually found on semi-stabilized sand dunes that are several hundred feet away from the lake shoreline; it can be located on the lower slope, upper slope, or the flattened top of a dune, usually in proximity to Beach Grass (Ammophila breviligulata). Faunal Associations: The following information applies to Solidago spp. (goldenrods) in general as very little floral-faunal information is available about Dune Goldenrod specifically. The flowerheads are visited by a wide variety of insects, including long-tongued bees, short-tongued bees, wasps, flies, small- to medium-sized butterflies, and beetles. Several Andrenid bees (Andrena spp.) and a Plasterer bee (Colletes simulans armata) are oligolectic visitors of the flowerheads: their larvae require goldenrod pollen for proper growth and development. Other insects feed on the plant or flower tissues of goldenrods; these species include the caterpillars of Schinia nundina (Goldenrod Flower Moth) and many other moths, several species of aphids (mostly Uroleucon spp.), the leafhoppers Neokolla hieroglyphica and Scaphytopius acutus, the treehopper Campylenchia latipes, Corythucha marmorata (Chrysanthemum Lace Bug), Homaemus aeneifrons aeneifrons and other stink bugs, Lopidea media (Goldenrod Plant Bug) and other plant bugs, several leaf beetles (Microrhopala spp., Ophraella spp., Trirhabda spp., & others), Eurosta solidaginis (Goldenrod Gall Fly), and grasshoppers that consume broad-leaved plants. Among vertebrate animals, the seeds are eaten by the Eastern Goldfinch, Pine Siskin, and other songbirds, while the leaves and flowerheads are eaten by the Greater Prairie Chicken. White-Tailed Deer and Cottontail Rabbits feed on the foliage of goldenrods occasionally. Photographic Location: The upper slope of a large sand dune near Lake Michigan at Indiana Dunes State Park in NW Indiana. [图片]Comments: This interesting goldenrod is one variety of a highly variable species, Solidago simplex, which has a total of about 8 varieties that are currently recognized. Most of these varieties, like Dune Goldenrod, are habitat specialists with restricted ranges. Therefore, Dune Goldenrod is the only variety that one is likely to encounter in Illinois or one of the neighboring states. Another species, Solidago speciosa (Showy Goldenrod), can be found in sandy savannas and stabilized foredunes near Lake Michigan, and it is possible to confuse depauperate specimens of this species with Dune Goldenrod. However, Showy Goldenrod has a more branched panicle with shorter peduncles, its cauline leaves vary less in size as they ascend the central stem, and its achenes are hairless. Another species, Solidago uliginosa (Bog Goldenrod), also has an appearance that is similar to Dune Goldenrod, but it inhabits wetlands. Bog Goldenrod has fewer leaves along its stems and its floral bracts (phyllaries) are yellow, rather than green or yellowish green. Other scientific names of Dune Goldenrod include the following: Solidago racemosa gillmanii, Solidago spathulata gillmanii, Solidago gillmanii, and Solidago deamii.
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Miss Chen
2018年02月21日
Miss Chen
Description: This perennial plant is unbranched and about ½-2½' tall. The central stem is reddish or grayish green, terete, and densely covered with short white hairs. The alternate leaves are up to 4" long and ¾" across, becoming smaller as they ascend the stem. They are grayish green, narrowly lanceolate, elliptic, or oblanceolate in shape, tapering gradually to narrow petioles. The leaf margins are smooth (entire) or slightly serrate, while the leaf surfaces are canescent. In addition, there are usually small clusters of secondary leaves that are located along the axils of middle to upper leaves. These secondary leaves are much smaller in size than the alternate leaves, otherwise they are similar in appearance. The central stem terminates in a narrow inflorescence that is shaped like a wand, becoming gradually wider in the middle, and it has a tendency to nod. This inflorescence is typically 3-8" long; it is a narrow panicle of flowerheads with short lateral branches. Each flowerhead is up to ¼" across, consisting of 4-10 ray florets that surround a similar number of disk florets. The petaloid rays of the flowerheads are yellow; the tiny tubular corollas of the disk florets are also yellow. Around the base of each flowerhead, there are scale-like floral bracts (phyllaries) in several series; they are usually pale yellow or pale greenish yellow. The blooming period occurs during the fall and lasts about a month. The flowerheads occasionally have a slight fragrance. After the blooming period, the flowerheads are replaced by achenes that develop tufts of hair; they are dispersed by the wind. The root system consists of a small caudex (at least on older plants) with fibrous roots and rhizomes. At suitable locations, Field Goldenrod has a tendency to form clonal colonies. Cultivation: The preference is full sun and dry-mesic to dry soil. Because of reduced competition, Field Goldenrod thrives best in soil containing sand, clay or gravel, but it will flourish in fertile soil as well. This plant is a good choice for difficult locations, such as sunny slopes or open areas with poor soil, where little else will grow. Range & Habitat: The native Field Goldenrod occurs in most counties of Illinois, where it is occasional to locally common (see Distribution Map). Habitats include upland areas of black soil prairies, gravel prairies, sand prairies, hill prairies, thinly wooded bluffs, sandy savannas, sand dunes, fence rows, abandoned fields, eroded clay banks, roadsides, and areas along railroads. In some western states, Field Goldenrod is considered a troublesome weed, but in Illinois it occurs primarily in areas that have little value to agriculture and ranching. This goldenrod is found in both degraded and higher quality habitats. [图片]Faunal Associations: A wide variety of insects visit the flowers for pollen and nectar, including long-tongued bees, short-tongued bees, Sphecid and Vespid wasps, flies, butterflies, moths, and beetles. Bee visitors include honey bees, little carpenter bees (Ceratina spp.), Halictid bees, plasterer bees (Colletes spp.), and Andrenid bees. Several Andrenid bees are oligoleges (specialist pollinators) of goldenrods. Fly visitors include Syrphid flies, Tachinid flies, flesh flies, blow flies, and Muscid flies. Other insects feed destructively on the foliage, florets, roots, and other parts of Field Goldenrod and other goldenrods. These insect feeders include Lopidea media (Goldenrod Plant Bug), Corythucha marmorata (Goldenrod Lace Bug), Hesperotettix viridis (Meadow Purple-Striped Grasshopper) and Melanoplus confusus (Little Pasture Grasshopper), the leaf beetles Longitarsus solidaginis and Ophraella sexvititta, the aphids Acuticauda solidaginifoliae and Uroleucon rudbeckiae, and Manomera blatchleyi (Blatchley's Walkingstick). In addition, the caterpillars of many moths feed on various parts of goldenrods (see Moth Table). Goldenrods are sources of food to some vertebrate animals. For example, the seeds, flowerheads, and leaves are eaten by the Greater Prairie Chicken and possibly other upland gamebirds; the Eastern Goldfinch also eats the seeds. Mammalian herbivores, such as groundhogs, rabbits, deer, and livestock, will browse on Field Goldenrod and other goldenrods occasionally, although they are not preferred as sources of food. [图片]Photographic Location: The photographs were taken at a prairie of Parkland College in Champaign, Illinois. Comments: This small goldenrod blooms later than most goldenrods. Field Goldenrod can be distinguished from other goldenrods that occur in Illinois prairies and other open areas by the presence of secondary leaflets along the central stem and the presence of short fine hairs on both the leaves and central stem. In addition, the inflorescence is usually more narrow and wand-like than those of other goldenrods.
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家里的二哈爱吃花
2018年02月21日
家里的二哈爱吃花
[图片]病害 第一种叫做“角斑病”,是一种真菌性病害。这种病主要作用的是植物的叶片部位,在春天比较常见,到七到八月份病则比较重。发病初期,我们可以观察到叶子上出现的一些暗色小点儿。如果继续严重下去的话,那么这些病斑可能会连成一些不规则的形状,它们的边缘是暗黑的,内部是黑褐色的。治疗这种病,我们首先要改善植物的生存环境,比如及时更换容器和基质,施加一些N、P、K等元素丰富的肥料等等。再就是喷洒药剂了,我们可以选择百分之零点五浓度的波尔多药液,每隔一星期或者十天喷一次。 第二种病是“白粉病”,这也是一种真菌性病。如果植物长期处在温度比较高、湿度比较大、并且通风又不太好的环境中成长的时候,这种病就比较容易发生。我们可以很容易从它的名字上推知其症状,就是叶子上出现一些白粉状物质。我们可选用百分之五十浓度的甲基硫菌灵八百倍药剂进行防治,每隔十天左右喷洒一次,一般来说连续二到三次就可以了。 虫害 第一种是“红蜘蛛”,这种害虫我们可能比较熟悉,许多植物都可能受到它的侵害。为了对付它,我们可以使用敌死虫一百到二百倍药液等进行防治。 第二种叫做“介壳虫”,这种虫子也挺常见的。为了彻底地消灭它们,我们可以使用扑虱灵粉剂喷杀它们。
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家里的二哈爱吃花
2018年02月21日
家里的二哈爱吃花
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权问薇
2018年02月21日
权问薇
[图片]分株 时间的选择 分株是需要在兰花生长比较好的时间里进行的,所以基本上都是选择在春天或者秋天这段时间,主要是因为这两个时间段不冷不热,植株处于很舒服的状态,所以生长情况也是比较好的。兰花每个3年就能分株一次,因为这时候植株一般都已经长的根健壮了,假球茎生长的也比较密集,所以分株的成功率是很高的。 [图片]具体的步骤 要保证每丛都有5个连在一起的假球茎。在操作之前,一定要降低土的湿度,所以要少浇点水。上盆之前,要把碎瓦和粗石子垫在盆底,这样既能保证上面的细土不掉下去又能让所浇的水从下面排出去。全都铺好之后,要一次把水浇足,这样才能让基质和根部结合好。 [图片]播种 播种前的准备 这种花儿的种子是很细小的,吸水能力也不行,所以要在人工培养基上培养一段时间,才能正常发芽。最好要选择还没裂开的果实,先进行杀菌,在用无菌水反复冲洗,最后放在比较暗的环境中,在温度保持在25℃的条件下慢慢培育。但是这种方法需要准备的时间比较长,可能需要半年甚至一年的时间,所以能达到要求的友友可以用这个方法。 播种后的养护 这种植株最难度过的是夏天,所以所处的位置一定要有挡光的设施,冬天天气好一点的情况下,可以保持在15℃,不过晚上可以让温度稍微低一点,在5℃以上即可。
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权问薇
2018年02月21日
权问薇
[图片]一、绣球花的介绍 绣球花形状类似古代的绣球,因此而得名。绣球花大且饱满,色彩各异,很受人民喜爱。因为形状各异,又被人称作洋绣球、八仙花。多以盆栽方式种植,夏季开花,常常聚集在一起生长。绣球花最适宜的生长环境为温暖湿润、半阴。 二、绣球花的修剪 1、大花绣球 冬季,大花绣球的新城代谢逐渐变慢,植物即将进入休眠期。养殖人可在此期间,修剪绣球花。修剪时需注意每枝需保留三个芽即可,不可过多,否则易造成植物生长发育缓慢。如若按此步骤修剪,来年即可长成饱满的外形。 2、木本绣球 木本绣球在冬季也同样需剪枝。唯一不同的是整颗植物的枝干需根据所需形状不同来进行修剪。切记,经过修剪的绣球在发芽前的这段时间里需要施三次花肥,以便为植物提供更多的养分,更好的生长。 [图片]3、老枝条的修剪 养殖人为了更好的养殖绣球花,可在冬季对老枝进行修剪。一般老枝条上长芽才能长出花苞。一般来讲,绣球花来年长得枝条称之为新枝条。 4、注意事项 绣球花一般在十月份开出花蕾,在此期间切不可进行修剪。来年夏季,绣球花盛开。如果养殖人不知如何修剪绣球花则可任其生长。但是会造成植物疯长的现象,不利于欣赏,原因是来年春季,植物从根部长出大量的新芽使得植物茂盛。     在南方,绣球花无需放于室内。若放在室内,则绣球花可能受高温影响提前开花包。想要植物长势好,种植人需保持植物在充足光照的环境下生长,否则不利于明年的开放。
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张祥明
2018年02月21日
张祥明
[图片]一、找出蔫了的原因: 要解决问题首先就要找出导致问题的原因。那么导致这种植物出现这种状态的原因主要有以下几种: 1.缺水。这种植物虽然很好看,但是却极其容易缺水,特别是当作切花的时候。 2.太阳光太过强烈。这种植物不太适合被太强的太阳光照射,因为太猛烈的光很容易导致其焉掉。 3.施肥不恰当。虽然这种植物喜肥,但是不是所有肥料都适合,所以如果施错肥的话很可能就会出现枝叶枯黄,甚至整株植物焉掉的情况。 [图片]二、解决方法: 1.缺水解决方法。如果是花束焉掉,但是情况不是特别糟糕,那么久可以选择在其花瓣上勤洒水,接着给花束换水,容器的内的水位要基本可以跟花瓣接触。如果情况严重的话,将整个花束放入水中浸泡,水要将整个花束覆盖。如果是盆栽缺水则应该及时在土地里加入水。而且还要准备好一个比盆栽容器大的容器,在容器内加入大约可以将其盆底覆盖的水量,然后将可以盆栽放在上面。如果情况比较不乐观的话还可以用湿纸巾覆盖在泥土的上面达到保湿的作用。 [图片]2.太阳光过于强烈的解决方法。这个时候要赶紧将盆栽移到一个比较阴凉的地方,紧接着给盆栽浇水直至盆栽的泥土全部湿透,最后在其枝叶上喷洒水。 3.施肥错误的解决方法。如果情况不是特别严重,那么久可以采取多浇水的做法,将其肥料稀释。如果情况比较严重就要将其枝叶剪掉,甚至给盆栽换新的泥土。
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权问薇
2018年02月21日
权问薇
[图片]繁殖前的准备 这种树最好使用芽接的方式来繁殖,时间最好选择7、8月。砧木要选择嫁接后能起到矮化作用的,可以选择寿星桃等。嫁接也是要选择合适的容器的,这容器若是选不对,很容易影响日后的生长。可以选择既能协调树形,也能协调到可观赏部分已经周边环境的容器,四周不能渗水,否则很容易引起盐分的累积,这样会影响植株的生长。 [图片]基质的配置 栽培可观赏的绯桃的时候,需要在容器中放好珍珠岩、树皮等植料,但是要根据所在地域的特点来选择,但是如果要选用树皮的话,不能拿过来直接使用,而是要堆放1个月以上。掌握好正确的比例,才能让植株生长的更好。 繁殖的要点 要嫁接的部位最好离地面有5-10cm,这里有一点好处,就是可以将喜欢的不同颜色的花接在同一个砧木上,这样就可以同时欣赏到很多品种了。盆栽的话,根系的防寒能力可能要差一点,所以温度低的时候,如果不能放进室内,也是要做好保暖工作的,否则我植株很容易冻伤。 [图片]繁殖后的管理 如果还在苗期,成活之后,春天要及时把砧木剪掉,重视期间的水肥管理。要是管理的好,这段时间枝干会很快变粗,为了适应盆栽,要尽量控制根系的伸展,这样就能是根须增多,第二年就能上盆了。开花的时候,尽量保障其水分的供应,因为它开的花会很多,消耗的水也比较多。
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