文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月29日
Family - Hydrophyllaceae
Stems - Multiple from base, erect to decumbent, herbaceous, antrorse strigose, angled from decurrent leaf tissue, rooting at lower nodes, to +/-30cm tall.
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate below, sessile and clasping above, to +6cm long, +2cm broad, pinnately-lobed, antrorse strigose above and below. Lobes acute, entire.
Inflorescence - Helicoid, (scorpoid), racemes terminating stems and lateral branches. Pedicels to 1.5cm long in flower, densely antrorse strigose.
Flowers - Corolla 5-lobed, to -1.5cm broad, whitish near base, bluish-lilac on lobes, glandular pubescent externally, glabrous internally. Lobes fimbriate. Fimbrillae to 1.3mm long. Stamens 5, erect, exserted. Filaments white, pilose, to 6mm long. Anthers lilac, 1.1mm long. Ovary superior, green, conic, with an expanded nectariferous base, 1.2mm long, mostly glabrous but with a few erect cilia at apex. Style to 4mm long, white, glabrous, 2-lobed for about 1/2 of length. Calyx deeply five-lobed. Lobes green, linear, to 5mm long, -1mm broad, ciliate-margined, acute.
Flowering - April - June.
Habitat - Low rich woods, gravel bars, moist thickets, moist slopes.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This little species can be found in the extreme eastern portion of Missouri. Another species, P. gilioides Brand, is more common in the state and differs by having corolla lobes which are pubescent externally and not quite as deeply fringed as P. purshii. Both species are small but worthy of more notice in cultivation.
Stems - Multiple from base, erect to decumbent, herbaceous, antrorse strigose, angled from decurrent leaf tissue, rooting at lower nodes, to +/-30cm tall.
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate below, sessile and clasping above, to +6cm long, +2cm broad, pinnately-lobed, antrorse strigose above and below. Lobes acute, entire.
Inflorescence - Helicoid, (scorpoid), racemes terminating stems and lateral branches. Pedicels to 1.5cm long in flower, densely antrorse strigose.
Flowers - Corolla 5-lobed, to -1.5cm broad, whitish near base, bluish-lilac on lobes, glandular pubescent externally, glabrous internally. Lobes fimbriate. Fimbrillae to 1.3mm long. Stamens 5, erect, exserted. Filaments white, pilose, to 6mm long. Anthers lilac, 1.1mm long. Ovary superior, green, conic, with an expanded nectariferous base, 1.2mm long, mostly glabrous but with a few erect cilia at apex. Style to 4mm long, white, glabrous, 2-lobed for about 1/2 of length. Calyx deeply five-lobed. Lobes green, linear, to 5mm long, -1mm broad, ciliate-margined, acute.
Flowering - April - June.
Habitat - Low rich woods, gravel bars, moist thickets, moist slopes.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This little species can be found in the extreme eastern portion of Missouri. Another species, P. gilioides Brand, is more common in the state and differs by having corolla lobes which are pubescent externally and not quite as deeply fringed as P. purshii. Both species are small but worthy of more notice in cultivation.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月29日
Family - Passifloraceae
Stems - Vinning, glabrous to minutely pubescent, herbaceous. Tendrils present.
Leaves - Alternate, 3-lobed, serrulate, petiolate, to +15cm long, +13cm wide, glabrous. Petioles with two glands near base of leaf blade.
Inflorescence - Single pedicillate flowers from leaf axils.
Flowers - Very interesting. This flower exhibits a corona which is a structure of appendages situated between the corolla and stamens. In the picture the corona is the ringlike structure of purple and white appendages above the petals and sepals. Flower is typically 6-7cm broad. Petals 5, sepals 5, purplish to whitish, similar, alternating. Styles 3. Stamens typically 5. Sepals 5, greenish-white, with a terminal appendage.
Fruit - Fleshy, ovoid to globose, green at first, yellowish-red at maturity.
Flowering - June - September.
Habitat - Thickets, disturbed sites, waste ground, roadsides, railroads. Also cultivated.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This plant and its relatives have an edible fruit often seen in drinks as "Passion fruit". Some folks like it, some don't. In his particular species the mucilage around the seeds of the fruit is quite sweet and delicious.
The genus name comes from the story of Jesus in Christianity, the "Passion". The flower parts are telling of the story. The petals and sepals are representative of the disciples of Jesus, except for Judas and Peter. The stamens, numbering 5, represent the wounds of Jesus. The stigmas, because of their shape, represent the nails used in the crucifixion. The corona represents the crown of thorns.
Stems - Vinning, glabrous to minutely pubescent, herbaceous. Tendrils present.
Leaves - Alternate, 3-lobed, serrulate, petiolate, to +15cm long, +13cm wide, glabrous. Petioles with two glands near base of leaf blade.
Inflorescence - Single pedicillate flowers from leaf axils.
Flowers - Very interesting. This flower exhibits a corona which is a structure of appendages situated between the corolla and stamens. In the picture the corona is the ringlike structure of purple and white appendages above the petals and sepals. Flower is typically 6-7cm broad. Petals 5, sepals 5, purplish to whitish, similar, alternating. Styles 3. Stamens typically 5. Sepals 5, greenish-white, with a terminal appendage.
Fruit - Fleshy, ovoid to globose, green at first, yellowish-red at maturity.
Flowering - June - September.
Habitat - Thickets, disturbed sites, waste ground, roadsides, railroads. Also cultivated.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This plant and its relatives have an edible fruit often seen in drinks as "Passion fruit". Some folks like it, some don't. In his particular species the mucilage around the seeds of the fruit is quite sweet and delicious.
The genus name comes from the story of Jesus in Christianity, the "Passion". The flower parts are telling of the story. The petals and sepals are representative of the disciples of Jesus, except for Judas and Peter. The stamens, numbering 5, represent the wounds of Jesus. The stigmas, because of their shape, represent the nails used in the crucifixion. The corona represents the crown of thorns.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月28日
Family - Hydrophyllaceae
Stems - To +50cm tall, branching, single from the base, herbaceous, scabrous, hispid, angled from decurrent leaf tissue.
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate. Petioles to +17cm long, scabrous, hispidulous. Blades of lower leaves deeply 5-lobed, with a few much smaller lobes on the petiole, green above, silvery-green below, hispidulous, to +12cm long and broad. Lobes acute, shallowly dentate. Teeth mucronate.
Inflorescence - Terminal scorpoid panicle to 10cm long. Peduncle hispid. Pedicels to 6-7mm long, hispid.
Flowers - Corolla lilac (or rarely white), 5-lobed. Corolla tube to 4mm long, glabrous. Lobes rounded, 5-6mm long and broad, glabrous externally and internally except for vertical rows of hairs at base of lobe sinuses, fimbrillate on margins. Stamens 5, adnate at base of corolla tube, erect, mostly included. Filaments white-lilac, 8-9mm long, glabrous. Anthers lilac, to 3mm long. Ovary superior, unilocular, with yellow nectariferous ring at the base, conic, 1mm long, with erect white hispid pubescence. Style 7-8mm long, glabrous, white to lilac. Stigma 2-lobed, 1mm long. Calyx 5-lobed and with 5 small projections alternating with the lobes. Projections to 1mm long, spreading. Lobes attenuate, 6mm long, hispid, erect.
Flowering - April - July.
Habitat - Moist rich woods, slopes, base of bluffs, thickets, wooded valleys.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This species can be found throughout Missouri but is apparently absent from the plains region at the southwestern edge of the state. The plant can be locally abundant in the habitats mentioned above.
Steyermark mentions two forms based on flower color. Form appendiculatum has a lilac or purplish flower. Form album Steyermark has a white flower and is rare.
This species would do well in a shaded garden setting and is worthy of cultivation. It is a biennial plant.
Stems - To +50cm tall, branching, single from the base, herbaceous, scabrous, hispid, angled from decurrent leaf tissue.
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate. Petioles to +17cm long, scabrous, hispidulous. Blades of lower leaves deeply 5-lobed, with a few much smaller lobes on the petiole, green above, silvery-green below, hispidulous, to +12cm long and broad. Lobes acute, shallowly dentate. Teeth mucronate.
Inflorescence - Terminal scorpoid panicle to 10cm long. Peduncle hispid. Pedicels to 6-7mm long, hispid.
Flowers - Corolla lilac (or rarely white), 5-lobed. Corolla tube to 4mm long, glabrous. Lobes rounded, 5-6mm long and broad, glabrous externally and internally except for vertical rows of hairs at base of lobe sinuses, fimbrillate on margins. Stamens 5, adnate at base of corolla tube, erect, mostly included. Filaments white-lilac, 8-9mm long, glabrous. Anthers lilac, to 3mm long. Ovary superior, unilocular, with yellow nectariferous ring at the base, conic, 1mm long, with erect white hispid pubescence. Style 7-8mm long, glabrous, white to lilac. Stigma 2-lobed, 1mm long. Calyx 5-lobed and with 5 small projections alternating with the lobes. Projections to 1mm long, spreading. Lobes attenuate, 6mm long, hispid, erect.
Flowering - April - July.
Habitat - Moist rich woods, slopes, base of bluffs, thickets, wooded valleys.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This species can be found throughout Missouri but is apparently absent from the plains region at the southwestern edge of the state. The plant can be locally abundant in the habitats mentioned above.
Steyermark mentions two forms based on flower color. Form appendiculatum has a lilac or purplish flower. Form album Steyermark has a white flower and is rare.
This species would do well in a shaded garden setting and is worthy of cultivation. It is a biennial plant.
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成长记
Ueca
2017年07月27日
One leaf has fully unraveled. It's a shame the original stems were chewed by pests.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月26日
Family - Asclepiadaceae
Stems - To +/-60cm tall, erect or ascending, herbaceous, hirsute and also with vertical lines of hairs from leaf bases, (the hairs small and curled), typically simple but branching near apex, from a woody crown.
Leaves - Mostly alternate but sometimes opposite by inflorescence, dense on the stems, short-petiolate. Petioles to 3mm long. Blades linear-oblong to linear-lanceolate, entire, acute, truncate at the base, often with slightly revolute margins, pubescent above, more so below, green above, lighter green below, to 10cm long, +/-2.5cm broad.
Inflorescence - Terminal and axillary umbellate cymes with +/-25 flowers. Pedicels subtended by linear bracts to 1cm long, 1.2mm broad. Pedicels +/-2cm long, with antrorse pubescence, light green.
Flowers - Petals 5, orange, reflexed, 8-9mm long, 2.2mm broad, glabrous, acute. Hoods orange, glabrous, 5-6mm long, 1.5mm broad, distinct. Horns to 3mm long, orange. Column 3mm long(tall), greenish. Pollinia 2mm long, translator deep purple. Pistils 2, 2.1mm long, with a few antrorse hairs at apex. Follicles erect, to 15cm long, 1.5cm wide, pubescent. Seeds oval, to +5mm long, with coma.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - Prairies, glades, open woods, disturbed sites, waste ground, roadsides, railroads. Also cultivated.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This plant is used much by gardeners wishing to attract butterflies to the area. The flowers produced copious amounts of nectar and the plant itself is eaten by the larva of Monarchs (Danaus plexippus) which indeed belong to the group of butterflies known as the "Milkweed Butterflies", family Danaidae. The butterflies store the cardiac glycosides produced by the plant and hence become distasteful and even dangerous to predators.
Asclepias tuberosa is the only species of the genus in Missouri not to have the milky white juice so commonly associated with the genus.
The subspecies most commonly found in this state is subsp. interior Woods., pictured above, which has leaves which are mostly cordate at the base. This subspecies has two forms. The red-flowered from (shown above) is form interior. Form lutea has yellow flowers and is rare in the state. This striking form is shown below:
Stems - To +/-60cm tall, erect or ascending, herbaceous, hirsute and also with vertical lines of hairs from leaf bases, (the hairs small and curled), typically simple but branching near apex, from a woody crown.
Leaves - Mostly alternate but sometimes opposite by inflorescence, dense on the stems, short-petiolate. Petioles to 3mm long. Blades linear-oblong to linear-lanceolate, entire, acute, truncate at the base, often with slightly revolute margins, pubescent above, more so below, green above, lighter green below, to 10cm long, +/-2.5cm broad.
Inflorescence - Terminal and axillary umbellate cymes with +/-25 flowers. Pedicels subtended by linear bracts to 1cm long, 1.2mm broad. Pedicels +/-2cm long, with antrorse pubescence, light green.
Flowers - Petals 5, orange, reflexed, 8-9mm long, 2.2mm broad, glabrous, acute. Hoods orange, glabrous, 5-6mm long, 1.5mm broad, distinct. Horns to 3mm long, orange. Column 3mm long(tall), greenish. Pollinia 2mm long, translator deep purple. Pistils 2, 2.1mm long, with a few antrorse hairs at apex. Follicles erect, to 15cm long, 1.5cm wide, pubescent. Seeds oval, to +5mm long, with coma.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - Prairies, glades, open woods, disturbed sites, waste ground, roadsides, railroads. Also cultivated.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This plant is used much by gardeners wishing to attract butterflies to the area. The flowers produced copious amounts of nectar and the plant itself is eaten by the larva of Monarchs (Danaus plexippus) which indeed belong to the group of butterflies known as the "Milkweed Butterflies", family Danaidae. The butterflies store the cardiac glycosides produced by the plant and hence become distasteful and even dangerous to predators.
Asclepias tuberosa is the only species of the genus in Missouri not to have the milky white juice so commonly associated with the genus.
The subspecies most commonly found in this state is subsp. interior Woods., pictured above, which has leaves which are mostly cordate at the base. This subspecies has two forms. The red-flowered from (shown above) is form interior. Form lutea has yellow flowers and is rare in the state. This striking form is shown below:
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月26日
Family - Loganiaceae
Stems - To +/-50cm tall, herbaceous, erect, glabrous, multiple from base, typically simple, minutely winged from decurrent leaf tissue. Wings to -1mm broad.
Leaves - Opposite, sessile, decussate, ovate, acuminate, entire, to +10cm long, +5cm broad, typically glabrous above, short sparse pubescent below (mostly on the veins).
Inflorescence - Terminal one-sided (secund) spike to +/-10cm long.
Flowers - Corolla tube deep crimson externally (yellowish at very base), pale yellow to yellow internally, to +/-4cm long, 5-lobed. Lobes lanceolate, 1.2cm long, 4-5mm broad, acuminate, glabrous, erect to spreading. Stamens 5, alternating with the corolla lobes, adnate at apex of corolla tube, erect. Filaments 6-7mm long, white, glabrous. Anthers yellow, 3mm long. Style white, glabrous, 4cm long. Ovary superior, 2-locular, yellowish, 1.1mm long, 2mm broad, glabrous. Placentation axile. Sepals 5, attenuate, 7-8mm long, 1.1mm broad at base, glabrous.
Flowering - May - August.
Habitat - Low moist woods, ravines, streambanks.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This striking species can be found in a handful of southeastern counties in Missouri. The plant is easy to identify in the field because of its brilliant red flowers and opposite leaves. No other species resembles it while in flower.
S. marilandica can be grown from seed and does well in cultivation if given moist conditions and partial shade.
The plant contains alkaloids and calcium oxalate crystals and was used traditionally as a parasite remedy.
Stems - To +/-50cm tall, herbaceous, erect, glabrous, multiple from base, typically simple, minutely winged from decurrent leaf tissue. Wings to -1mm broad.
Leaves - Opposite, sessile, decussate, ovate, acuminate, entire, to +10cm long, +5cm broad, typically glabrous above, short sparse pubescent below (mostly on the veins).
Inflorescence - Terminal one-sided (secund) spike to +/-10cm long.
Flowers - Corolla tube deep crimson externally (yellowish at very base), pale yellow to yellow internally, to +/-4cm long, 5-lobed. Lobes lanceolate, 1.2cm long, 4-5mm broad, acuminate, glabrous, erect to spreading. Stamens 5, alternating with the corolla lobes, adnate at apex of corolla tube, erect. Filaments 6-7mm long, white, glabrous. Anthers yellow, 3mm long. Style white, glabrous, 4cm long. Ovary superior, 2-locular, yellowish, 1.1mm long, 2mm broad, glabrous. Placentation axile. Sepals 5, attenuate, 7-8mm long, 1.1mm broad at base, glabrous.
Flowering - May - August.
Habitat - Low moist woods, ravines, streambanks.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This striking species can be found in a handful of southeastern counties in Missouri. The plant is easy to identify in the field because of its brilliant red flowers and opposite leaves. No other species resembles it while in flower.
S. marilandica can be grown from seed and does well in cultivation if given moist conditions and partial shade.
The plant contains alkaloids and calcium oxalate crystals and was used traditionally as a parasite remedy.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月25日
Family - Fabaceae
Stems - Trailing and climbing, appearing glabrous but with sparse antrorse strigose hairs, winged from decurrent leaf (stipule) tissue, hollow, herbaceous, to +1m long.
Leaves - Alternate, stipulate, even-pinnate. Stipules to 6mm long, coarsely dentate, sparse appressed pubescent below and on margins, often with a purplish spot below. Leaflets subopposite, 5-6 pairs per leaf on upper leaves, on short petiolules, (to -1mm long), entire, truncate and mucronate at apex, pubescent below, mostly glabrous above, linear-oblong to elliptic-oblong or obovate(on lowest leaves), to 1.7cm long, 5-6mm broad. Margins ciliate. Tendril terminating the leaf branching.
Inflorescence - One or two flowers from leaf axils. Pedicels -1mm long, pubescent. Pedicel connected to ventral half of calyx tube.
Flowers - Corolla pinkish. Standard to 1.4cm long, 6-7mm broad but often folded, glabrous, purplish-pink, whitish at base. Wings adnate to keels, purplish-pink at apex. Keels connate apically. Stamens diadelphous, the tube glabrous and white. Anthers yellowish, .2-.3mm long. Ovary green, papillate, 7-8mm long, compressed. Style short, 1.1mm long, green, glabrous except at stigma. Stigma subtended by floccose tuft of hairs. Fruit nearly black at maturity, +2cm long, slightly compressed. Calyx tube 5-6mm long, 2-3mm in diameter, appressed pubescent, 5-lobed. Lobes to +3mm long, attenuate.
Flowering - April - August.
Habitat - Waste ground, disturbed sites, grassy fields, railroads, roadsides.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This small bean is becoming quite well established in Missouri and other portions of North America. The plant grows rapidly from seed and should not be willingly spread, as it is introduced.
Stems - Trailing and climbing, appearing glabrous but with sparse antrorse strigose hairs, winged from decurrent leaf (stipule) tissue, hollow, herbaceous, to +1m long.
Leaves - Alternate, stipulate, even-pinnate. Stipules to 6mm long, coarsely dentate, sparse appressed pubescent below and on margins, often with a purplish spot below. Leaflets subopposite, 5-6 pairs per leaf on upper leaves, on short petiolules, (to -1mm long), entire, truncate and mucronate at apex, pubescent below, mostly glabrous above, linear-oblong to elliptic-oblong or obovate(on lowest leaves), to 1.7cm long, 5-6mm broad. Margins ciliate. Tendril terminating the leaf branching.
Inflorescence - One or two flowers from leaf axils. Pedicels -1mm long, pubescent. Pedicel connected to ventral half of calyx tube.
Flowers - Corolla pinkish. Standard to 1.4cm long, 6-7mm broad but often folded, glabrous, purplish-pink, whitish at base. Wings adnate to keels, purplish-pink at apex. Keels connate apically. Stamens diadelphous, the tube glabrous and white. Anthers yellowish, .2-.3mm long. Ovary green, papillate, 7-8mm long, compressed. Style short, 1.1mm long, green, glabrous except at stigma. Stigma subtended by floccose tuft of hairs. Fruit nearly black at maturity, +2cm long, slightly compressed. Calyx tube 5-6mm long, 2-3mm in diameter, appressed pubescent, 5-lobed. Lobes to +3mm long, attenuate.
Flowering - April - August.
Habitat - Waste ground, disturbed sites, grassy fields, railroads, roadsides.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This small bean is becoming quite well established in Missouri and other portions of North America. The plant grows rapidly from seed and should not be willingly spread, as it is introduced.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月24日
Family - Fabaceae
Stems - Erect, hollow, herbaceous, antrorse pubescent, slightly winged from decurrent leaf tissue, multiple from base, branching.
Leaves - Alternate, stipulate, even-pinnate. Stipules narrowly ovate, to 7mm long, 3mm broad, acute, antrorse pubescent. Leaflets alternate, short petiolulate (petiolules to 1mm long), linear-oblong to narrowly ovate, blunt to emarginate at apex, to 1.5cm long, 6mm broad, entire, rounded at the base, mostly glabrous above except at base, antrorse pubescent below. Terminal tendril branching, pilose.
Inflorescence - Axillary peduncullate racemes to 8cm long. Rachis pilose. Pedicels to 1mm long. Flowers secund, +/-14 per raceme.
Flowers - Corolla pale pink, 7-8mm long, 4-5mm broad, glabrous. Wings and keel petals adnate. Keel petals apically fused, with purple spots at apex. Stamens diadelphous. Anthers yellow-orange, .3mm long. Ovary green, glabrous, 3.5mm long, slightly compressed. Style upcurved, 1.1mm long, glabrous. Fruit highly compressed, 4-5mm broad, 2cm long, glabrous. Calyx weakly bilabiate, 2mm long, pilose (especially in ventral 1/2). Bottom lip 3-toothed. Teeth triangular, .7mm long. Upper lip shallowly 2-lobed.
Flowering - April - June.
Habitat - Acid soils on rocky slopes, rocky woods, ridges, streambanks.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is a small plant which is common in the Ozark region of Missouri. This plant is smaller and erect than most other members of the genus in the state. Because the flowers are small, the plant is frequently overlooked.
Stems - Erect, hollow, herbaceous, antrorse pubescent, slightly winged from decurrent leaf tissue, multiple from base, branching.
Leaves - Alternate, stipulate, even-pinnate. Stipules narrowly ovate, to 7mm long, 3mm broad, acute, antrorse pubescent. Leaflets alternate, short petiolulate (petiolules to 1mm long), linear-oblong to narrowly ovate, blunt to emarginate at apex, to 1.5cm long, 6mm broad, entire, rounded at the base, mostly glabrous above except at base, antrorse pubescent below. Terminal tendril branching, pilose.
Inflorescence - Axillary peduncullate racemes to 8cm long. Rachis pilose. Pedicels to 1mm long. Flowers secund, +/-14 per raceme.
Flowers - Corolla pale pink, 7-8mm long, 4-5mm broad, glabrous. Wings and keel petals adnate. Keel petals apically fused, with purple spots at apex. Stamens diadelphous. Anthers yellow-orange, .3mm long. Ovary green, glabrous, 3.5mm long, slightly compressed. Style upcurved, 1.1mm long, glabrous. Fruit highly compressed, 4-5mm broad, 2cm long, glabrous. Calyx weakly bilabiate, 2mm long, pilose (especially in ventral 1/2). Bottom lip 3-toothed. Teeth triangular, .7mm long. Upper lip shallowly 2-lobed.
Flowering - April - June.
Habitat - Acid soils on rocky slopes, rocky woods, ridges, streambanks.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is a small plant which is common in the Ozark region of Missouri. This plant is smaller and erect than most other members of the genus in the state. Because the flowers are small, the plant is frequently overlooked.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月24日
Family - Portulacaceae
Stems - From a taproot, multiple from base, branching, erect to ascending, herbaceous, succulent, terete, to +8cm long, glabrous but with tufts of pilose hairs in the leaf axils. Hairs white, to 3mm long.
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate to subsessile, succulent, terete to slightly compressed, with a bluish-green tint, to -2cm long, acute. Petioles to 2mm long.
Inflorescence - Terminal cluster of 2-6 flowers. Cluster subtended by a whorl of leaves. Flowers sessile, surrounded by dense white pilose hairs.
Flowers - Petals 5, wine-colored, glabrous. Stamens 10, in a ring at the edge of the receptacle. Stigma 5(4)-lobed. Style glabrous. Ovary half inferior. Placentation basal. Sepals 2, greenish or with a purplish tint, acute, entire, broadly ovate to orbicular, +/-2mm long and broad. Fruit a circumsissle capsule.
Flowering - May - October.
Habitat - Glades, rocky bluffs.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This striking little plant is found in a handful of counties in western Missouri. Since it is succulent, it survives well on glades where water is scarce. Given good growing conditions, the plant can form fairly large mats. It would do well as a rock garden plant in cultivation.
The flower morphology looks typical but actually isn't. The petals and sepals are not true organs in this genus but are called such to simplify descriptions.
Stems - From a taproot, multiple from base, branching, erect to ascending, herbaceous, succulent, terete, to +8cm long, glabrous but with tufts of pilose hairs in the leaf axils. Hairs white, to 3mm long.
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate to subsessile, succulent, terete to slightly compressed, with a bluish-green tint, to -2cm long, acute. Petioles to 2mm long.
Inflorescence - Terminal cluster of 2-6 flowers. Cluster subtended by a whorl of leaves. Flowers sessile, surrounded by dense white pilose hairs.
Flowers - Petals 5, wine-colored, glabrous. Stamens 10, in a ring at the edge of the receptacle. Stigma 5(4)-lobed. Style glabrous. Ovary half inferior. Placentation basal. Sepals 2, greenish or with a purplish tint, acute, entire, broadly ovate to orbicular, +/-2mm long and broad. Fruit a circumsissle capsule.
Flowering - May - October.
Habitat - Glades, rocky bluffs.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This striking little plant is found in a handful of counties in western Missouri. Since it is succulent, it survives well on glades where water is scarce. Given good growing conditions, the plant can form fairly large mats. It would do well as a rock garden plant in cultivation.
The flower morphology looks typical but actually isn't. The petals and sepals are not true organs in this genus but are called such to simplify descriptions.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月24日
Family - Asteraceae
Stems - Single or multiple from base, from a globose corm, erect, herbaceous, simple or branching at the apex, to -1m tall, 4-5mm in diameter, glabrous, light green, somewhat striate from decurrent leaf tissue.
Leaves - Basal leaves in a rosette, petiolate. Entire leaf to 40cm long. Petioles often purplish near the base. Blade linear, entire, deep green, glabrous abaxially, to +/-6mm broad. At least the midrib pubescent adaxially. Cauline leaves sessile, linear, pubescent as the basals, reduced upward, acute or often mucronate (with a minute yellowish-green apex). Upper cauline leaves often ciliate at the base.
Inflorescence - Determinant racemose arrangement of axillary pedunculate flower heads. Stems in inflorescence sparse pilose. Peduncles to +1.5cm long, often with a few bracts subtending the involucre, glabrous or with a few sparse pilose hairs.
Involucre - +/-2cm long, 6-7mm in diameter, cylindrical. Phyllaries imbricate, appressed, green, glabrous (some of the lower with a few cilia on margins), abruptly acuminate to rounded at the apex (the acuminate tip often lighter in color), with scarious margins except at the apex, 5-6mm broad. Uppermost phyllaries often with purplish margins.
Ray flowers - Absent.
Disk flowers - 10-60 per flower head. Corolla glabrous externally, pubescent internally, to 1.6cm long, 5-lobed, pink above, white below. Lobes attenuate, 4-5mm long, 1mm broad, pubescent internally. Stamens 5, adnate about 1/2 way up the corolla tube, mostly included. Filaments thin and translucent, +/-2mm long, glabrous. Anthers yellowish-brown, 3mm long, with scarious apices, weakly connate around the style. Style white, glabrous, deeply bifurcate, well exserted. Stigmas pinkish-purple, pubescent. Achenes (in flower) white, 5-6mm long, densely pubescent, with a dark ring at the apex, angled. Pappus of plumose bristles in a single series. Axis of bristles purplish, to 1cm long.
Flowering - July - September.
Habitat - Rocky open woods, prairies, glades, rocky ledges and bluffs.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This species is mainly found in the southeastern half of Missouri. It is a fairly easy species to ID because of its appressed phyllaries, cylindrical involucres, and linear leaves.
Stems - Single or multiple from base, from a globose corm, erect, herbaceous, simple or branching at the apex, to -1m tall, 4-5mm in diameter, glabrous, light green, somewhat striate from decurrent leaf tissue.
Leaves - Basal leaves in a rosette, petiolate. Entire leaf to 40cm long. Petioles often purplish near the base. Blade linear, entire, deep green, glabrous abaxially, to +/-6mm broad. At least the midrib pubescent adaxially. Cauline leaves sessile, linear, pubescent as the basals, reduced upward, acute or often mucronate (with a minute yellowish-green apex). Upper cauline leaves often ciliate at the base.
Inflorescence - Determinant racemose arrangement of axillary pedunculate flower heads. Stems in inflorescence sparse pilose. Peduncles to +1.5cm long, often with a few bracts subtending the involucre, glabrous or with a few sparse pilose hairs.
Involucre - +/-2cm long, 6-7mm in diameter, cylindrical. Phyllaries imbricate, appressed, green, glabrous (some of the lower with a few cilia on margins), abruptly acuminate to rounded at the apex (the acuminate tip often lighter in color), with scarious margins except at the apex, 5-6mm broad. Uppermost phyllaries often with purplish margins.
Ray flowers - Absent.
Disk flowers - 10-60 per flower head. Corolla glabrous externally, pubescent internally, to 1.6cm long, 5-lobed, pink above, white below. Lobes attenuate, 4-5mm long, 1mm broad, pubescent internally. Stamens 5, adnate about 1/2 way up the corolla tube, mostly included. Filaments thin and translucent, +/-2mm long, glabrous. Anthers yellowish-brown, 3mm long, with scarious apices, weakly connate around the style. Style white, glabrous, deeply bifurcate, well exserted. Stigmas pinkish-purple, pubescent. Achenes (in flower) white, 5-6mm long, densely pubescent, with a dark ring at the apex, angled. Pappus of plumose bristles in a single series. Axis of bristles purplish, to 1cm long.
Flowering - July - September.
Habitat - Rocky open woods, prairies, glades, rocky ledges and bluffs.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This species is mainly found in the southeastern half of Missouri. It is a fairly easy species to ID because of its appressed phyllaries, cylindrical involucres, and linear leaves.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月24日
Family - Fabaceae
Stems - Multiple from base, from a taproot, erect to ascending or decumbent, herbaceous, purplish, branching, to 45cm long or tall, antrorse strigose (sometimes only in lines from beneath leaf petiole).
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate, stipulate, trifoliolate. Stipules membranaceous, tan, drying quickly, ovate-lanceolate, striate-nerved, to +8mm long, 3-4mm broad at base, acuminate, glabrous, mostly entire but often with a few very minute teeth at the apex. Petiole green but with a red base, antrorse strigose, to +/-5mm long. Petiolules to 1mm long, reddish, antrorse pubescent. Leaflets obovate, to 15mm long, 8-9mm broad, mostly entire, truncate to rounded at the apex, mucronate, ciliate-margined, glabrous above, with a few cilia on midrib below, with distinctive striate venation.
Inflorescence - Axillary flowers in crowded lateral branches. Pedicels 1-1.5mm long, green, with a few cilia or not. Calyx subtended by 3 minute bracts. Bracts ovate, greenish-white, entire, 1mm long, .6mm broad.
Flowers - Calyx green, bilabiate. Calyx tube to 2mm long, glabrous. Lower 3 lobes rounded at apex, 1mm long, .8mm broad. Upper lobe 1.1mm long and broad, slightly notched at apex, broadest at the apex. All lobes glabrous.
Flowering - July - October.
Habitat - Dry open woods, waste places, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to Asia.
Other info. - This little species can be found throughout Missouri. The plant is a nasty invasive and should not be willingly spread. L. stipulacea was brought to North America in 1919 as cover crop and fodder for cattle and has spread quickly. Wildlife enjoys eating its small fruits.
L. stipulacea is very much like another species, L. striata (Thunb.) H. & A., but differs in having antrorse hairs on its stems. L. striata has retrorse hairs on its stems.
Stems - Multiple from base, from a taproot, erect to ascending or decumbent, herbaceous, purplish, branching, to 45cm long or tall, antrorse strigose (sometimes only in lines from beneath leaf petiole).
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate, stipulate, trifoliolate. Stipules membranaceous, tan, drying quickly, ovate-lanceolate, striate-nerved, to +8mm long, 3-4mm broad at base, acuminate, glabrous, mostly entire but often with a few very minute teeth at the apex. Petiole green but with a red base, antrorse strigose, to +/-5mm long. Petiolules to 1mm long, reddish, antrorse pubescent. Leaflets obovate, to 15mm long, 8-9mm broad, mostly entire, truncate to rounded at the apex, mucronate, ciliate-margined, glabrous above, with a few cilia on midrib below, with distinctive striate venation.
Inflorescence - Axillary flowers in crowded lateral branches. Pedicels 1-1.5mm long, green, with a few cilia or not. Calyx subtended by 3 minute bracts. Bracts ovate, greenish-white, entire, 1mm long, .6mm broad.
Flowers - Calyx green, bilabiate. Calyx tube to 2mm long, glabrous. Lower 3 lobes rounded at apex, 1mm long, .8mm broad. Upper lobe 1.1mm long and broad, slightly notched at apex, broadest at the apex. All lobes glabrous.
Flowering - July - October.
Habitat - Dry open woods, waste places, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to Asia.
Other info. - This little species can be found throughout Missouri. The plant is a nasty invasive and should not be willingly spread. L. stipulacea was brought to North America in 1919 as cover crop and fodder for cattle and has spread quickly. Wildlife enjoys eating its small fruits.
L. stipulacea is very much like another species, L. striata (Thunb.) H. & A., but differs in having antrorse hairs on its stems. L. striata has retrorse hairs on its stems.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月24日
Family - Capparaceae
Stems - To 1m tall, from stout taproot, typically simple, herbaceous, densely viscid-pubescent and with some appressed arachnoid pubescence above, with a small prickle at the base of each leaf petiole.
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate, palmately compound. Petiole to +/-15cm long, with distinct adaxial groove, with prickles, glandular and arachnoid pubescent. Leaflets 5-7, oblanceolate to elliptic, acute to acuminate, tapered at base, to 15cm long, +/-4cm broad, entire, with prickles on midrib below, glandular pubescent above, sparse arachnoid pubescent below, with petiolules to 4mm long. Margins retrorse serrulate.
Inflorescence - Dense compact terminal raceme elongating in fruit to +40cm long(tall). Pedicels to 5cm long in flower, densely glandular pubescent, elongating in fruit. Bracts in inflorescence foliaceous, cordate, ovate, with spines at base.
Flowers - Petals 4, pink to rose, clawed, to 3cm long. Claw to +/-7mm long. Limb elliptic, to 2cm long, 1cm broad, glabrous. Stamens 6, erect to spreading. Filaments to +/-1cm long, glabrous, rose-pink. Anthers +1cm long, yellow-orange. Ovary on stalk(gynophore) to 3mm long. Stalk elongating in fruit to +6cm long, glabrous. Ovary green, 4mm long, glabrous. Sepals 4, attenuate, 2mm broad at base, to 7mm long, glandular pubescent, reflexed but with tips ascending. Fruit to +6cm long, glabrous, 2-valved, with stigma persistent and capitate. Seeds numerous. Placentation parietal.
Flowering - May - July.
Habitat - Cultivated and rarely escaped.
Origin - Native to South America.
Other info. - This plant is dubbed "Spider flower" because of the long stamens and clawed petals. It is a fast growing species that is widely cultivated here in Missouri. The plant produces many fruits and seeds and can be grown from seed. The flower color is typically pink or rose but red and white are not uncommon. Be careful when handling this plant as it is somewhat spiny.
Synonyms are C. hassleriana Chod. and Cleome houtteana Schlecht.
Stems - To 1m tall, from stout taproot, typically simple, herbaceous, densely viscid-pubescent and with some appressed arachnoid pubescence above, with a small prickle at the base of each leaf petiole.
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate, palmately compound. Petiole to +/-15cm long, with distinct adaxial groove, with prickles, glandular and arachnoid pubescent. Leaflets 5-7, oblanceolate to elliptic, acute to acuminate, tapered at base, to 15cm long, +/-4cm broad, entire, with prickles on midrib below, glandular pubescent above, sparse arachnoid pubescent below, with petiolules to 4mm long. Margins retrorse serrulate.
Inflorescence - Dense compact terminal raceme elongating in fruit to +40cm long(tall). Pedicels to 5cm long in flower, densely glandular pubescent, elongating in fruit. Bracts in inflorescence foliaceous, cordate, ovate, with spines at base.
Flowers - Petals 4, pink to rose, clawed, to 3cm long. Claw to +/-7mm long. Limb elliptic, to 2cm long, 1cm broad, glabrous. Stamens 6, erect to spreading. Filaments to +/-1cm long, glabrous, rose-pink. Anthers +1cm long, yellow-orange. Ovary on stalk(gynophore) to 3mm long. Stalk elongating in fruit to +6cm long, glabrous. Ovary green, 4mm long, glabrous. Sepals 4, attenuate, 2mm broad at base, to 7mm long, glandular pubescent, reflexed but with tips ascending. Fruit to +6cm long, glabrous, 2-valved, with stigma persistent and capitate. Seeds numerous. Placentation parietal.
Flowering - May - July.
Habitat - Cultivated and rarely escaped.
Origin - Native to South America.
Other info. - This plant is dubbed "Spider flower" because of the long stamens and clawed petals. It is a fast growing species that is widely cultivated here in Missouri. The plant produces many fruits and seeds and can be grown from seed. The flower color is typically pink or rose but red and white are not uncommon. Be careful when handling this plant as it is somewhat spiny.
Synonyms are C. hassleriana Chod. and Cleome houtteana Schlecht.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月24日
Family - Asteraceae
Stems - To +2m tall, herbaceous, erect, glabrous to arachnoid pubescent, from taproot, often branching, winged(from extended leaf bases). Wings with spiny margins.
Leaves - Basal leaves in a rosette, to +40 cm long, oblong, elliptic, or lanceolate, variously lobed, spiny-margined, glabrous to arachnoid pubescent. Cauline leaves alternate, variously lobed, spiny-margined, sessile with bases decurrent on stem and forming wings, glabrous to arachnoid pubescent.
Inflorescence - Single flower head terminating stem. Head usually nodding, 5-8cm broad.
Involucre - Outer phyllaries spine-tipped, lanceolate, typically recurved, reflexed or spreading, greenish purple, with prominent midvein, to +1.3cm long, +1cm broad at base. Inner phyllaries with weak spine or none, erect to spreading, purple, with prominent midvein. Phyllaries mostly glabrous or with arachnoid pubescence at base.
Ray flowers - Absent.
Disk flowers - Corolla dark pink, to +1.5cm long, 5-lobed. Stamens 5, mostly included. Style exserted well beyond corolla, pinkish to lilac at apex. Achenes glabrous, 4mm long, striped. Pappus of capillary bristles.
Flowering - May - October.
Habitat - Pastures, prairies, waste ground, disturbed sites, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This is a very aggressive species which spreads rapidly because of the large number of achenes produced by each plant.
The fruit can travel great distances with the wind because of the large, silky pappus.
The nodding nature of the mature flower heads gives rise to the species name. "nutans" which means "nodding".
This plant can be seen along the sides of virtually every road in the state during the summer.
A plan to eradicate the plant is underway using a beetle, a Curculionid I think, who's larva eats the fruits of the plant before they mature. I have seen the larvae in action and they do inflict some serious damage.
Stems - To +2m tall, herbaceous, erect, glabrous to arachnoid pubescent, from taproot, often branching, winged(from extended leaf bases). Wings with spiny margins.
Leaves - Basal leaves in a rosette, to +40 cm long, oblong, elliptic, or lanceolate, variously lobed, spiny-margined, glabrous to arachnoid pubescent. Cauline leaves alternate, variously lobed, spiny-margined, sessile with bases decurrent on stem and forming wings, glabrous to arachnoid pubescent.
Inflorescence - Single flower head terminating stem. Head usually nodding, 5-8cm broad.
Involucre - Outer phyllaries spine-tipped, lanceolate, typically recurved, reflexed or spreading, greenish purple, with prominent midvein, to +1.3cm long, +1cm broad at base. Inner phyllaries with weak spine or none, erect to spreading, purple, with prominent midvein. Phyllaries mostly glabrous or with arachnoid pubescence at base.
Ray flowers - Absent.
Disk flowers - Corolla dark pink, to +1.5cm long, 5-lobed. Stamens 5, mostly included. Style exserted well beyond corolla, pinkish to lilac at apex. Achenes glabrous, 4mm long, striped. Pappus of capillary bristles.
Flowering - May - October.
Habitat - Pastures, prairies, waste ground, disturbed sites, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This is a very aggressive species which spreads rapidly because of the large number of achenes produced by each plant.
The fruit can travel great distances with the wind because of the large, silky pappus.
The nodding nature of the mature flower heads gives rise to the species name. "nutans" which means "nodding".
This plant can be seen along the sides of virtually every road in the state during the summer.
A plan to eradicate the plant is underway using a beetle, a Curculionid I think, who's larva eats the fruits of the plant before they mature. I have seen the larvae in action and they do inflict some serious damage.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月24日
Family - Orchidaceae
Stems - From an undivided corm. Stems to +/-65cm tall, erect, herbaceous, terete, green, glabrous, simple, single from the base.
Leaves - One well developed leaf per stem. Other leaves reduced and scale-like. Large leaf linear, acute, entire, +/-20cm long, 1cm broad, glabrous, sheathing at the base, with expressed veins below which create a somewhat pleated appearance.
Inflorescence - Terminal raceme to +20cm tall (long). Axis slightly zig-zag, glabrous. Each flower subtended by a subulate scale. Scales acute, to +/-5mm long. Flower sessile.
Flowers - Floral tube to +/-1cm long, glabrous, green to purplish. Sepals and petals pink to purplish, glabrous. Sepals acute, to +2cm long, +1cm broad, the upper 2 somewhat oblique. Lower sepal oblong to narrowly elliptic. Upper lip of the corolla hinged, deflexed, with white, yellow and orange hairs at the apex, to -2cm broad, broadest at the apex, -2cm long, with two small basal lobes. Lobes acute, 2-3mm long. Column arched and protruding from the rest of the flower, to 2cm long, stout, winged near the apex and 7-8mm broad, darker than the rest of the flower near the apex. Lateral petals to 2.2cm long, oblong-elliptic.
Stems - From an undivided corm. Stems to +/-65cm tall, erect, herbaceous, terete, green, glabrous, simple, single from the base.
Leaves - One well developed leaf per stem. Other leaves reduced and scale-like. Large leaf linear, acute, entire, +/-20cm long, 1cm broad, glabrous, sheathing at the base, with expressed veins below which create a somewhat pleated appearance.
Inflorescence - Terminal raceme to +20cm tall (long). Axis slightly zig-zag, glabrous. Each flower subtended by a subulate scale. Scales acute, to +/-5mm long. Flower sessile.
Flowers - Floral tube to +/-1cm long, glabrous, green to purplish. Sepals and petals pink to purplish, glabrous. Sepals acute, to +2cm long, +1cm broad, the upper 2 somewhat oblique. Lower sepal oblong to narrowly elliptic. Upper lip of the corolla hinged, deflexed, with white, yellow and orange hairs at the apex, to -2cm broad, broadest at the apex, -2cm long, with two small basal lobes. Lobes acute, 2-3mm long. Column arched and protruding from the rest of the flower, to 2cm long, stout, winged near the apex and 7-8mm broad, darker than the rest of the flower near the apex. Lateral petals to 2.2cm long, oblong-elliptic.
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