文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Family - Lamiaceae
Stems - Multiple from the base, erect to ascending, from fibrous roots, 4-angled, typically purple at the base and nodes, glabrous, branching, to +/-15cm tall, herbaceous, glandular punctate (use a lens to see). Entire plant has a strong mint fragrance.
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, sessile, linear to linear-spatulate, to 1.5cm long, 3mm broad, entire, glabrous, rounded to subacute at the apex, densely glandular punctate on both surfaces.
Inflorescence - Single axillary flowers. Pedicels to +/-5mm long, glabrous.
Flowers - Corolla purplish (very rarely all white), bilabiate, 1.2cm long, pubescent externally, contracted and brown at the base in the calyx-covered portion. Upper lip single-lobed. The lobe deflexed, 3-4mm broad, 2-3mm long, emarginate. Lower lip 3-lobed. Lobes rounded, 2mm long and broad. The center lobe slightly larger than the laterals. Stamens 4, didynamous, 2 attached in the basal 1/4 of the corolla tube, 2 attached in the apical 1/4 of the corolla tube and slightly exserted. Filaments whitish and glabrous, to +3mm long. Anthers lilac, bilobed, 1mm long. Style white (lilac at the apex), glabrous, to 1cm long. Stigma unequally 2-lobed. Ovary green, glabrous, deeply 4-parted, .5mm long. Calyx bilabiate. Calyx tube to 4mm long, glandular punctate, with 13 ribs, greenish-purple. Upper lip 3-lobed. Lobes acuminate, 1.1-1.2mm long. Lower lip 2-lobed, lobes equal or slightly longer than upper lobes, acuminate. Calyx with a ring of floccose hairs at the summit of the tube internally.
Flowering - May - October.
Habitat - Limestone glades and knobs, rocky open ground, wet meadows along spring branches, gravel bars, bluffs escarpments.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This little species is very common in the Ozarks of Missouri. The plant is more often smelled than seen. Plant hunters strolling through the glades of Missouri often step on the plant releasing a very strong mint flavor into the air. The smell is unmistakable. Because the plant has thin stems and thin leaves it often gets overlooked until that smell fills the air. Chewing on the plant gives you fresh breath that will last for hours.
Stems - Multiple from the base, erect to ascending, from fibrous roots, 4-angled, typically purple at the base and nodes, glabrous, branching, to +/-15cm tall, herbaceous, glandular punctate (use a lens to see). Entire plant has a strong mint fragrance.
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, sessile, linear to linear-spatulate, to 1.5cm long, 3mm broad, entire, glabrous, rounded to subacute at the apex, densely glandular punctate on both surfaces.
Inflorescence - Single axillary flowers. Pedicels to +/-5mm long, glabrous.
Flowers - Corolla purplish (very rarely all white), bilabiate, 1.2cm long, pubescent externally, contracted and brown at the base in the calyx-covered portion. Upper lip single-lobed. The lobe deflexed, 3-4mm broad, 2-3mm long, emarginate. Lower lip 3-lobed. Lobes rounded, 2mm long and broad. The center lobe slightly larger than the laterals. Stamens 4, didynamous, 2 attached in the basal 1/4 of the corolla tube, 2 attached in the apical 1/4 of the corolla tube and slightly exserted. Filaments whitish and glabrous, to +3mm long. Anthers lilac, bilobed, 1mm long. Style white (lilac at the apex), glabrous, to 1cm long. Stigma unequally 2-lobed. Ovary green, glabrous, deeply 4-parted, .5mm long. Calyx bilabiate. Calyx tube to 4mm long, glandular punctate, with 13 ribs, greenish-purple. Upper lip 3-lobed. Lobes acuminate, 1.1-1.2mm long. Lower lip 2-lobed, lobes equal or slightly longer than upper lobes, acuminate. Calyx with a ring of floccose hairs at the summit of the tube internally.
Flowering - May - October.
Habitat - Limestone glades and knobs, rocky open ground, wet meadows along spring branches, gravel bars, bluffs escarpments.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This little species is very common in the Ozarks of Missouri. The plant is more often smelled than seen. Plant hunters strolling through the glades of Missouri often step on the plant releasing a very strong mint flavor into the air. The smell is unmistakable. Because the plant has thin stems and thin leaves it often gets overlooked until that smell fills the air. Chewing on the plant gives you fresh breath that will last for hours.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Family - Lamiaceae
Stems - To +50cm tall, herbaceous, branched, glabrous to sparsely pubescent, 4-angled.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate, linear-oblong, coarsely toothed, to +6cm long, -2cm wide, glabrous or sparsely pubescent below, fragrant.
Inflorescence - Terminal spikes of whorled flowers (verticillasters). Flowers usually two at a node.
Flowers - Corolla light blue, less than 1cm long, tubular, bilabiate, pubescent externally. Lower lip larger than upper lip, to 4mm long. Upper lip galeate. Stamens 2, hidden by upper lip. Calyx bilabiate, with 12-13 ridges (nerves), to 6mm long.
Flowering - June - October.
Habitat - Pastures, prairies, disturbed sites, waste ground, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This small species can be found scattered throughout Missouri. The plant is easy to identify because of its small, pale blue flowers, and heavily ribbed calices.
S. reflexa is frequently found in cow and horse pastures with dry, rocky, loamy soil.
Stems - To +50cm tall, herbaceous, branched, glabrous to sparsely pubescent, 4-angled.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate, linear-oblong, coarsely toothed, to +6cm long, -2cm wide, glabrous or sparsely pubescent below, fragrant.
Inflorescence - Terminal spikes of whorled flowers (verticillasters). Flowers usually two at a node.
Flowers - Corolla light blue, less than 1cm long, tubular, bilabiate, pubescent externally. Lower lip larger than upper lip, to 4mm long. Upper lip galeate. Stamens 2, hidden by upper lip. Calyx bilabiate, with 12-13 ridges (nerves), to 6mm long.
Flowering - June - October.
Habitat - Pastures, prairies, disturbed sites, waste ground, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This small species can be found scattered throughout Missouri. The plant is easy to identify because of its small, pale blue flowers, and heavily ribbed calices.
S. reflexa is frequently found in cow and horse pastures with dry, rocky, loamy soil.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Family - Lamiaceae
Stems - Simple or with few branching, herbaceous, pilose, 4-angled, scapose, to +50cm tall, from thickened roots.
Leaves - Basal leaves in rosette, lyrate, petiolate, to +15cm long, +5cm broad, densely pilose. Petiole dense pilose. Cauline leaves lanceolate to elliptic, opposite, few or absent, sessile, toothed, pilose, to +/-2cm long, 1cm broad.
Inflorescence - Evenly spaced verticels terminating stem. Flowers typically in clusters of 4 equaling to +/-8 per verticel. Flowers on pedicel to 3mm long, densely pubescent.
Flowers - Corolla light blue, bilabiate, to +2.5cm long, pubescent. Upper lip smaller than lower lip. Lower lip to 8mm broad. Stamens 2, adnate near apex of throat, included. Filaments to 2mm long, glabrous. Anthers brownish-purple. Style to +3cm long, exserted. Stigma 2-lobed(unequally). Calyx to +/-1cm long, bilabiate, pilose. Upper lip green at base fading to purplish at apex, truncate at apex, with 3 bristles, to 5mm long. Lower lip 2-lobed. Lobes attenuate, longer than upper lip, ciliate margined. Nutlets 4.
Flowering - April - June.
Habitat - Open woods, gravelly stream banks, pastures, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This plant is easily identified by its basal leaves, which are lyrate. The plant can bloom when quite small (-15cm), but can get to over 50cm. This species is in the mint family but is not fragrant. It is quite common in the southeast portion of Missouri.
Stems - Simple or with few branching, herbaceous, pilose, 4-angled, scapose, to +50cm tall, from thickened roots.
Leaves - Basal leaves in rosette, lyrate, petiolate, to +15cm long, +5cm broad, densely pilose. Petiole dense pilose. Cauline leaves lanceolate to elliptic, opposite, few or absent, sessile, toothed, pilose, to +/-2cm long, 1cm broad.
Inflorescence - Evenly spaced verticels terminating stem. Flowers typically in clusters of 4 equaling to +/-8 per verticel. Flowers on pedicel to 3mm long, densely pubescent.
Flowers - Corolla light blue, bilabiate, to +2.5cm long, pubescent. Upper lip smaller than lower lip. Lower lip to 8mm broad. Stamens 2, adnate near apex of throat, included. Filaments to 2mm long, glabrous. Anthers brownish-purple. Style to +3cm long, exserted. Stigma 2-lobed(unequally). Calyx to +/-1cm long, bilabiate, pilose. Upper lip green at base fading to purplish at apex, truncate at apex, with 3 bristles, to 5mm long. Lower lip 2-lobed. Lobes attenuate, longer than upper lip, ciliate margined. Nutlets 4.
Flowering - April - June.
Habitat - Open woods, gravelly stream banks, pastures, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This plant is easily identified by its basal leaves, which are lyrate. The plant can bloom when quite small (-15cm), but can get to over 50cm. This species is in the mint family but is not fragrant. It is quite common in the southeast portion of Missouri.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Family - Lamiaceae
Stems - To -1m tall, multiple from base, erect, herbaceous, from woody caudex, 4-angled, branching, densely retrorse pubescent.
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, petiolate. Petioles to 1.5cm long. Blade coarsely serrate, acute, +6cm long, +2cm broad, lanceolate, appressed pubescent(mostly on veins below), punctate.
Inflorescence - Terminal spikiform arrangement of verticillasters to +/-20cm long. +/-20 flowers per node. Axis of inflorescence striate, densely appressed pubescent.
Flowers - Corolla deep purple, bilabiate. Corolla tube to 6mm long, 2.5-3mm in diameter, contracted and white at base, purple above, densely pubescent near apex. Upper lip galeate, 5-6mm long, 3mm broad, densely pubescent externally. Lower lip 3-lobed. Lateral lobes to 5mm long, 2.4mm broad. Central lobe expanded, 1cm broad, notched at apex, whitish at base. Stamens 2, included under galea, with nectaries at base. Filaments white, 3mm long, glabrous. Anthers purplish, 1mm long nad broad. Style 1cm long, bearded(the hairs purple) at apex, 2-lobed at apex, inserted between stamens. Ovary 4-lobed, glabrous, green, with nectariferous ring at base. Calyx bilabiate, 6mm long, densely pubescent, purplish above, whitish below, +/-10-ribbed. Lips shallow and indistinct, glabrous and green internally.
Flowering - May - July.
Habitat - Cultivated and sometimes persistent around old homesites.
Origin - Native to Southwest U.S.
Other info. - This species is frequently cultivated and can persist around homesites if abandoned. This species is able to handle very dry and arid conditions and makes a good low maintenance addition to a garden.
Stems - To -1m tall, multiple from base, erect, herbaceous, from woody caudex, 4-angled, branching, densely retrorse pubescent.
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, petiolate. Petioles to 1.5cm long. Blade coarsely serrate, acute, +6cm long, +2cm broad, lanceolate, appressed pubescent(mostly on veins below), punctate.
Inflorescence - Terminal spikiform arrangement of verticillasters to +/-20cm long. +/-20 flowers per node. Axis of inflorescence striate, densely appressed pubescent.
Flowers - Corolla deep purple, bilabiate. Corolla tube to 6mm long, 2.5-3mm in diameter, contracted and white at base, purple above, densely pubescent near apex. Upper lip galeate, 5-6mm long, 3mm broad, densely pubescent externally. Lower lip 3-lobed. Lateral lobes to 5mm long, 2.4mm broad. Central lobe expanded, 1cm broad, notched at apex, whitish at base. Stamens 2, included under galea, with nectaries at base. Filaments white, 3mm long, glabrous. Anthers purplish, 1mm long nad broad. Style 1cm long, bearded(the hairs purple) at apex, 2-lobed at apex, inserted between stamens. Ovary 4-lobed, glabrous, green, with nectariferous ring at base. Calyx bilabiate, 6mm long, densely pubescent, purplish above, whitish below, +/-10-ribbed. Lips shallow and indistinct, glabrous and green internally.
Flowering - May - July.
Habitat - Cultivated and sometimes persistent around old homesites.
Origin - Native to Southwest U.S.
Other info. - This species is frequently cultivated and can persist around homesites if abandoned. This species is able to handle very dry and arid conditions and makes a good low maintenance addition to a garden.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Family - Lamiaceae
Stems - To 1.5m tall, 4-angled (the angles rounded), carinate, herbaceous, typically short pubescent (at least in upper portions) with recurving hairs.
Leaves - Cauline leaves opposite, linear to lanceolate or oblong(or combinations of the three), sessile or short petiolate, to +8cm long, 2cm wide, variously pubescent, serrate to denticulate or entire, typically well over 20 in number on the stem.
Inflorescence - Terminal spikes of whorled flowers (verticillasters). Typically 1-4 flowers per node. Flowers on pedicels to 6mm long, recurved pubescent. Each cluster typically subtended by a reduced foliaceous bract.
Flowers - Corolla blue, strongly bilabiate, to 2.5cm long, pubescent externally. Lower lip much larger than upper lip, to +1cm broad, 3-lobed. Central lobe notched at apex. Lateral lobes much smaller than central lobe. Upper lip galeate, entire, to 1cm long. Stamens 2, covered by upper lip. Calyx bilabiate, with 12-13 ridges(nerves), to 1cm long, pubescent. Upper lip to +2mm long, acute. Lower lip slightly smaller to equaling upper lip. Ovary of 4 nutlets. Nutlets to -3mm long, brown and glabrous when mature.
Flowering - July - September.
Habitat - Prairies, glades, bluffs, disturbed sites, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This striking species can be found growing wild mainly in the southwestern corner of Missouri. It is cultivated elsewhere.
According to Steyermark, the typical variety found is var. grandiflora Benth. which has recurving pubescence on the stem. This plant is pictured above. Another variety, var. azurea has a pubescence which is more straight, spreading or ascending. This latter variety is less common.
The seeds of this plant, like all the mints, are small nutlets which can be found inside and at the base of the calyx. I mention this because I have observed people digging the plant to take home and grow. If you want to grow the plant, COLLECT THE SEEDS!!
Stems - To 1.5m tall, 4-angled (the angles rounded), carinate, herbaceous, typically short pubescent (at least in upper portions) with recurving hairs.
Leaves - Cauline leaves opposite, linear to lanceolate or oblong(or combinations of the three), sessile or short petiolate, to +8cm long, 2cm wide, variously pubescent, serrate to denticulate or entire, typically well over 20 in number on the stem.
Inflorescence - Terminal spikes of whorled flowers (verticillasters). Typically 1-4 flowers per node. Flowers on pedicels to 6mm long, recurved pubescent. Each cluster typically subtended by a reduced foliaceous bract.
Flowers - Corolla blue, strongly bilabiate, to 2.5cm long, pubescent externally. Lower lip much larger than upper lip, to +1cm broad, 3-lobed. Central lobe notched at apex. Lateral lobes much smaller than central lobe. Upper lip galeate, entire, to 1cm long. Stamens 2, covered by upper lip. Calyx bilabiate, with 12-13 ridges(nerves), to 1cm long, pubescent. Upper lip to +2mm long, acute. Lower lip slightly smaller to equaling upper lip. Ovary of 4 nutlets. Nutlets to -3mm long, brown and glabrous when mature.
Flowering - July - September.
Habitat - Prairies, glades, bluffs, disturbed sites, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This striking species can be found growing wild mainly in the southwestern corner of Missouri. It is cultivated elsewhere.
According to Steyermark, the typical variety found is var. grandiflora Benth. which has recurving pubescence on the stem. This plant is pictured above. Another variety, var. azurea has a pubescence which is more straight, spreading or ascending. This latter variety is less common.
The seeds of this plant, like all the mints, are small nutlets which can be found inside and at the base of the calyx. I mention this because I have observed people digging the plant to take home and grow. If you want to grow the plant, COLLECT THE SEEDS!!
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Family - Acanthaceae
Stems - Erect, herbaceous, often purplish in strong sun, single or multiple from the base, 4-angled, hirsute to hispid, from short rhizomes, to +/-40cm tall, branching.
Leaves - Opposite, sessile, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, densely long pubescent above and below, entire, subacute at apex, decussate, to +/-4cm long, +/-2.2cm broad. Margins often slightly wavy.
Inflorescence - Flowers sessile in upper leaf axils, subtended by 2 opposite foliaceous bracts. Bracts pubescent as the leaves.
Flowers - Corolla tube to +5cm long. Contracted portion of tube -4cm long, tan, pubescent. Expanded portion of corolla typically lilac, -2cm long, 5-lobed. Lobes rounded, +1cm long, mostly glabrous. Central lower lobe with purple veins. Stamens 4, didynamous, adnate at apex of contracted portion of corolla tube. Filaments white, +/-1cm long, glabrous. Anthers lilac to tan, +3mm long. Style +/-5.5cm long, white to lilac, sparse pubescent (mostly at base). Stigma purple, flattened, 2-3mm long. Ovary green, glabrous, superior, cylindric, 2-locular. Placentation axile. Fruit glabrous. Calyx tube to 2mm long, 5-lobed, green, glabrous. Lobes to 2cm long, 1mm broad at base, linear-attenuate, ciliate-margined. The cilia to 2-3mm long, multicellular. Calyx accrescent.
Flowering - May - October.
Habitat - Dry prairies, glades, open rocky woods, bluffs.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This species can be found throughout Missouri.
The plant is incredibly variable in its pubescence and flower size and many varieties have been named. Much integration occurs between these varieties so I won't name them here.
This species is actually edible and is enjoyed by grazing animals.
Stems - Erect, herbaceous, often purplish in strong sun, single or multiple from the base, 4-angled, hirsute to hispid, from short rhizomes, to +/-40cm tall, branching.
Leaves - Opposite, sessile, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, densely long pubescent above and below, entire, subacute at apex, decussate, to +/-4cm long, +/-2.2cm broad. Margins often slightly wavy.
Inflorescence - Flowers sessile in upper leaf axils, subtended by 2 opposite foliaceous bracts. Bracts pubescent as the leaves.
Flowers - Corolla tube to +5cm long. Contracted portion of tube -4cm long, tan, pubescent. Expanded portion of corolla typically lilac, -2cm long, 5-lobed. Lobes rounded, +1cm long, mostly glabrous. Central lower lobe with purple veins. Stamens 4, didynamous, adnate at apex of contracted portion of corolla tube. Filaments white, +/-1cm long, glabrous. Anthers lilac to tan, +3mm long. Style +/-5.5cm long, white to lilac, sparse pubescent (mostly at base). Stigma purple, flattened, 2-3mm long. Ovary green, glabrous, superior, cylindric, 2-locular. Placentation axile. Fruit glabrous. Calyx tube to 2mm long, 5-lobed, green, glabrous. Lobes to 2cm long, 1mm broad at base, linear-attenuate, ciliate-margined. The cilia to 2-3mm long, multicellular. Calyx accrescent.
Flowering - May - October.
Habitat - Dry prairies, glades, open rocky woods, bluffs.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This species can be found throughout Missouri.
The plant is incredibly variable in its pubescence and flower size and many varieties have been named. Much integration occurs between these varieties so I won't name them here.
This species is actually edible and is enjoyed by grazing animals.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Family - Lamiaceae
Stems - To +40cm tall, erect (or rarely creeping), 4-angled (the angles minutely winged, the wing .3mm broad), glabrous to villous on angles or antrorse strigose, herbaceous, from fibrous roots, typically simple, single or multiple from base.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate. Petioles +3c, long at base of plant, reduced above, villous, winged on upper leaves. Blades lance-ovate below, lanceolate above, to +/-6cm long, =2cm broad, entire or with a few shallow teeth, somewhat undulate, strigose.
Inflorescence - Terminal dense 4-angled spike of verticillasters to +/-7cm tall(long), 1.5-2cm thick. Verticillasters each with 6 flowers(3 flowers per cymule). Cymules subtended by broad ciliate-margined bracts. Bracts decussate, abruptly acuminate, 1.6cm broad. Flowers sessile.
Flowers - Corolla bilabiate whitish-purple. Corolla tube to 8mm long, glabrous. Upper lip galeate, purple, 6-7mm long, 5mm broad, with a few villous hairs externally on midvein. Lower lip 3-lobed. Lateral lobes 2-3mm long, 1.5mm broad. Central lobe 4mm long, deflexed, fimbriate-erose at apex, light purple. Stamens 4, didynamous, included under the galea, upper pair adnate near base of galea, lower pair adnate near base of corolla tube. Filaments purple, glabrous, the longest to 1.2cm. Anthers purplish-brown. Style inserted between upper pair of stamens, glabrous, lilac, 1.6cm long. Stigma 2-lobed. Ovary 4-parted. Calyx bilabiate, accrescent, 10-nerved. Tube to 5mm long in flower. Upper lip with three mucronate lobes, reddish-purple at apex. Lower lip 2-lobed. Lobes acuminate, 3mm long in flower, reddish-purple. Calyx villous on margins and on nerves. Nutlets to 2mm long, brownish-yellow, glabrous.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - Waste ground, disturbed sites, open woods, pastures, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to Europe, Asia, and North America.
Other info. - This is a very common species in this state. The plant is generally quite small and can bloom at just a few cm in height if it is growing in an area where it gets frequently cut or mowed. The species designation means "common" and is frequently used in botanical nomenclature to describe plants that are indeed common.
Steyermark busts the species apart into different varieties and forms. I won't go into those here but it is worth noting that our plants belong to variety lanceolata (Bart.) Fern. and the European plants belong to variety vulgaris. Both varieties can be found in Missouri but var. lanceolata is much more common.
Stems - To +40cm tall, erect (or rarely creeping), 4-angled (the angles minutely winged, the wing .3mm broad), glabrous to villous on angles or antrorse strigose, herbaceous, from fibrous roots, typically simple, single or multiple from base.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate. Petioles +3c, long at base of plant, reduced above, villous, winged on upper leaves. Blades lance-ovate below, lanceolate above, to +/-6cm long, =2cm broad, entire or with a few shallow teeth, somewhat undulate, strigose.
Inflorescence - Terminal dense 4-angled spike of verticillasters to +/-7cm tall(long), 1.5-2cm thick. Verticillasters each with 6 flowers(3 flowers per cymule). Cymules subtended by broad ciliate-margined bracts. Bracts decussate, abruptly acuminate, 1.6cm broad. Flowers sessile.
Flowers - Corolla bilabiate whitish-purple. Corolla tube to 8mm long, glabrous. Upper lip galeate, purple, 6-7mm long, 5mm broad, with a few villous hairs externally on midvein. Lower lip 3-lobed. Lateral lobes 2-3mm long, 1.5mm broad. Central lobe 4mm long, deflexed, fimbriate-erose at apex, light purple. Stamens 4, didynamous, included under the galea, upper pair adnate near base of galea, lower pair adnate near base of corolla tube. Filaments purple, glabrous, the longest to 1.2cm. Anthers purplish-brown. Style inserted between upper pair of stamens, glabrous, lilac, 1.6cm long. Stigma 2-lobed. Ovary 4-parted. Calyx bilabiate, accrescent, 10-nerved. Tube to 5mm long in flower. Upper lip with three mucronate lobes, reddish-purple at apex. Lower lip 2-lobed. Lobes acuminate, 3mm long in flower, reddish-purple. Calyx villous on margins and on nerves. Nutlets to 2mm long, brownish-yellow, glabrous.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - Waste ground, disturbed sites, open woods, pastures, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to Europe, Asia, and North America.
Other info. - This is a very common species in this state. The plant is generally quite small and can bloom at just a few cm in height if it is growing in an area where it gets frequently cut or mowed. The species designation means "common" and is frequently used in botanical nomenclature to describe plants that are indeed common.
Steyermark busts the species apart into different varieties and forms. I won't go into those here but it is worth noting that our plants belong to variety lanceolata (Bart.) Fern. and the European plants belong to variety vulgaris. Both varieties can be found in Missouri but var. lanceolata is much more common.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Family - Lamiaceae
Stems - To -2m tall, herbaceous, erect, 4-angled(the angles rounded), multiple from base, branching above, very mealy due to dense stellate scales. Fragrant if crushed.
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, petiolate below, sessile above, pinnatifid to bipinnatifid, ovate to broadly lanceolate in outline, to 10cm long, +4cm broad, glandular, mealy with minute stellate scales(more so below). Blade tissue tapering to base of petiole(cuneate).
Inflorescence - Terminal dichotomously branching paniculiform arrangement of long spikes. Verticillasters evenly spaced, +/-8 flowers per node. Flowers on short pedicels to 1.5mm long. Pedicels lanate, purple.
Flowers - Corolla bilabiate. Lips blue-purple. Upper lip 4-lobed, 7-8mm broad, 5mm long, with short branching pubescence externally, whitish at throat with violet lines. Lobes rounded, two lateral lobes longer than two central lobes. Lower lip single, 5mm long, 3.5-4mm broad, short branching pubescent externally, glabrous internally. Corolla tube 6mm long, blue-purple, typically glabrous but also pubescent near apex. Stamens 2, adnate near apex of corolla tube. Filaments lilac, 1.5mm long. Anthers purplish, .8mm broad. Nectaries at base of filaments. Style 1, 1.2cm long, glabrous, lilac, exserted. Stigma 2-lobed. Ovary of 4 nutlets. Nutlets glabrous, green-purple, .5mm long(in flower). Calyx tube lanate with branching pubescence, 5mm long, bilabiate, purplish, 8-nerved, glabrous and green internally.
Flowering - June - September.
Habitat - Cultivated but prefers dry soils.
Origin - Native to Eurasia.
Other info. - This is a very popular plant in cultivation because it is very showy and tolerates neglect and dry soils. There are many cultivars of the plant which vary mainly in size. The blue-purple flowers are a big favorite of insects, especially bees. The light color of the corolla throat is like a runway for insects, guiding them to the pollen of the plant and the nectar at the base of the floral tube.
Stems - To -2m tall, herbaceous, erect, 4-angled(the angles rounded), multiple from base, branching above, very mealy due to dense stellate scales. Fragrant if crushed.
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, petiolate below, sessile above, pinnatifid to bipinnatifid, ovate to broadly lanceolate in outline, to 10cm long, +4cm broad, glandular, mealy with minute stellate scales(more so below). Blade tissue tapering to base of petiole(cuneate).
Inflorescence - Terminal dichotomously branching paniculiform arrangement of long spikes. Verticillasters evenly spaced, +/-8 flowers per node. Flowers on short pedicels to 1.5mm long. Pedicels lanate, purple.
Flowers - Corolla bilabiate. Lips blue-purple. Upper lip 4-lobed, 7-8mm broad, 5mm long, with short branching pubescence externally, whitish at throat with violet lines. Lobes rounded, two lateral lobes longer than two central lobes. Lower lip single, 5mm long, 3.5-4mm broad, short branching pubescent externally, glabrous internally. Corolla tube 6mm long, blue-purple, typically glabrous but also pubescent near apex. Stamens 2, adnate near apex of corolla tube. Filaments lilac, 1.5mm long. Anthers purplish, .8mm broad. Nectaries at base of filaments. Style 1, 1.2cm long, glabrous, lilac, exserted. Stigma 2-lobed. Ovary of 4 nutlets. Nutlets glabrous, green-purple, .5mm long(in flower). Calyx tube lanate with branching pubescence, 5mm long, bilabiate, purplish, 8-nerved, glabrous and green internally.
Flowering - June - September.
Habitat - Cultivated but prefers dry soils.
Origin - Native to Eurasia.
Other info. - This is a very popular plant in cultivation because it is very showy and tolerates neglect and dry soils. There are many cultivars of the plant which vary mainly in size. The blue-purple flowers are a big favorite of insects, especially bees. The light color of the corolla throat is like a runway for insects, guiding them to the pollen of the plant and the nectar at the base of the floral tube.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Family - Scrophulariaceae
Stems - To +1m tall, erect, from fibrous roots, also producing rhizomes, glabrous, hollow, multiple from base or single, simple to sparsely branching, winged on opposing sides of stem, 4-angled.
Leaves - Opposite, sessile, clasping(sometimes narrowed to base and not clasping), auriculate, lanceolate to narrowly oblong, glabrous, serrate, acute, to 10cm long, +2cm broad. Auricles rounded.
Inflorescence - Single pedicillate flowers from leaf axils. Pedicels to 3cm long, glabrous.
Flowers - Corolla purple with yellowish center, to +2.5cm long, bilabiate. Corolla tube 1.8cm long, glandular pubescent above, white at base. Upper lip of corolla smaller and erect, 2-lobed, 1cm broad, 8mm tall, glandular pubescent externally. Lower lip larger, spreading, 3-lobed. Lateral lobes 1.5cm broad. Central lobe 1.1cm broad, with a bearded yellow "palate" that blocks the throat of the corolla tube. Stamens 4, didynamous, included. Filaments white, glabrous, adnate at middle of corolla tube. Anthers 2mm broad. Style 1.3cm long, white, glabrous. Stigma flattened, suborbicular. Ovary superior, green, glabrous, conic, 5mm long, 2mm in diameter, 2-locular. Placentation axile. Ovules many. Calyx tubular, to +1.5cm long, 5-angled, glabrous. Lobes linear-attenuate, scabrous on margins. Fruit an ovoid capsule to +/-1cm long, glabrous.
Flowering - June - September.
Habitat - Streambanks, lake margins, wet meadows. Often growing partially submerged.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This plant is very easy to identify in the wild due to its distinct flower, square stems, and choice of habitat. It is common in the wild and is even working its way into cultivation along with other species of the genus.
Steyermark splits the species into two varieties. Variety ringens has leaves which clasp the stem. A second variety, variety minthodes (Greene) Grant, has leaves which taper to the base and do not clasp. Both are common.
Stems - To +1m tall, erect, from fibrous roots, also producing rhizomes, glabrous, hollow, multiple from base or single, simple to sparsely branching, winged on opposing sides of stem, 4-angled.
Leaves - Opposite, sessile, clasping(sometimes narrowed to base and not clasping), auriculate, lanceolate to narrowly oblong, glabrous, serrate, acute, to 10cm long, +2cm broad. Auricles rounded.
Inflorescence - Single pedicillate flowers from leaf axils. Pedicels to 3cm long, glabrous.
Flowers - Corolla purple with yellowish center, to +2.5cm long, bilabiate. Corolla tube 1.8cm long, glandular pubescent above, white at base. Upper lip of corolla smaller and erect, 2-lobed, 1cm broad, 8mm tall, glandular pubescent externally. Lower lip larger, spreading, 3-lobed. Lateral lobes 1.5cm broad. Central lobe 1.1cm broad, with a bearded yellow "palate" that blocks the throat of the corolla tube. Stamens 4, didynamous, included. Filaments white, glabrous, adnate at middle of corolla tube. Anthers 2mm broad. Style 1.3cm long, white, glabrous. Stigma flattened, suborbicular. Ovary superior, green, glabrous, conic, 5mm long, 2mm in diameter, 2-locular. Placentation axile. Ovules many. Calyx tubular, to +1.5cm long, 5-angled, glabrous. Lobes linear-attenuate, scabrous on margins. Fruit an ovoid capsule to +/-1cm long, glabrous.
Flowering - June - September.
Habitat - Streambanks, lake margins, wet meadows. Often growing partially submerged.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This plant is very easy to identify in the wild due to its distinct flower, square stems, and choice of habitat. It is common in the wild and is even working its way into cultivation along with other species of the genus.
Steyermark splits the species into two varieties. Variety ringens has leaves which clasp the stem. A second variety, variety minthodes (Greene) Grant, has leaves which taper to the base and do not clasp. Both are common.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Family - Scrophulariaceae
Stems - To +/-70cm tall, erect, branching above or simple, 4-angled, glabrous, hollow, from thick rhizomes, herbaceous. Angles winged.
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, petiolate. Petiole to 1cm long, with a small wing adaxially. Blade to -10cm long, +3cm broad, lanceolate to lance-ovate, acuminate, shallow serrate to crenate-serrate, glabrous.
Inflorescence - Single flowers from leaf axils. Pedicles 5mm in flower, slightly longer in fruit.
Flowers - Corolla bilabiate, purple. Corolla tube to 1.5cm long, glandular pubescent near apex, glabrous below. Upper lip erect to reflexed, 2-lobed. Lobes glandular pubescent externally. Lower lip 3-lobed. Lobes spreading, glandular pubescent internally and externally., subequal, rounded to obtuse. Central lobe yellow-bearded at base(apex of throat). Stamens 4, didynamous, adnate at base of corolla tube, included.
Filaments white glabrous, 6-7mm long. Anthers brownish, 1.3mm broad. Style included, white, glabrous, 7mm long. Stigmas 2, flattened. Ovary 2-locular, light green, glabrous, 6mm long, ovoid-conic. Placentation axile. Calyx tube to 1.7cm long, 5-ribbed, glabrous, 5-lobed. Lobes 2mm long, mucronate. Capsule to +1cm long, many seeded, glabrous.
Flowering - June - September.
Habitat - Stream borders, low wet woods, wet meadows, ditches, springs.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - Plants of this genus are easy to ID in the field because of their large, showy, irregular flowers. The yellow beard on the corolla serves as a guide to bring insects to the flower and the lobes of the flower serve as landing platforms.
A white flowered form of this species, form albiflorus House, has been found in a few counties in the state. The typical flower color is shown above, and these plants are form alatus.
Stems - To +/-70cm tall, erect, branching above or simple, 4-angled, glabrous, hollow, from thick rhizomes, herbaceous. Angles winged.
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, petiolate. Petiole to 1cm long, with a small wing adaxially. Blade to -10cm long, +3cm broad, lanceolate to lance-ovate, acuminate, shallow serrate to crenate-serrate, glabrous.
Inflorescence - Single flowers from leaf axils. Pedicles 5mm in flower, slightly longer in fruit.
Flowers - Corolla bilabiate, purple. Corolla tube to 1.5cm long, glandular pubescent near apex, glabrous below. Upper lip erect to reflexed, 2-lobed. Lobes glandular pubescent externally. Lower lip 3-lobed. Lobes spreading, glandular pubescent internally and externally., subequal, rounded to obtuse. Central lobe yellow-bearded at base(apex of throat). Stamens 4, didynamous, adnate at base of corolla tube, included.
Filaments white glabrous, 6-7mm long. Anthers brownish, 1.3mm broad. Style included, white, glabrous, 7mm long. Stigmas 2, flattened. Ovary 2-locular, light green, glabrous, 6mm long, ovoid-conic. Placentation axile. Calyx tube to 1.7cm long, 5-ribbed, glabrous, 5-lobed. Lobes 2mm long, mucronate. Capsule to +1cm long, many seeded, glabrous.
Flowering - June - September.
Habitat - Stream borders, low wet woods, wet meadows, ditches, springs.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - Plants of this genus are easy to ID in the field because of their large, showy, irregular flowers. The yellow beard on the corolla serves as a guide to bring insects to the flower and the lobes of the flower serve as landing platforms.
A white flowered form of this species, form albiflorus House, has been found in a few counties in the state. The typical flower color is shown above, and these plants are form alatus.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Family - Lamiaceae
Stems - Multiple from the base, from fibrous roots, erect, branching, herbaceous, rotting at the nodes, 4-angled (the angles rounded), glabrous, to +1m tall, fragrant.
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, petiolate. Petioles to 1.5cm long, glabrous to sparse pubescent, minutely winged from decurrent leaf tissue. Blades to 9cm long, -4cm broad, glabrous but with some pubescence on midrib below, rounded at the base to slightly tapering, elliptic lanceolate, serrate, acute, punctate. Veins anastomosing, depressed adaxially, expressed abaxially.
Inflorescence - Terminal spikiform cluster of axillary verticels. Each axillary cluster with +/-20 flowers. Clusters subtended by lobed bracts which often exceed the clusters. Pedicels purple, glandular, to 2mm long.
Flowers - Corolla lilac, glabrous internally and externally, 4-lobed (weakly bilabiate), to -4mm long. Lobes subequal, rounded at the apex, +1mm long. Upper lobe notched at the apex and slightly larger than the 3 lower lobes. Stamens 4, adnate at the apex of the corolla tube, alternating with the corolla lobes, included. Filaments white, .5mm long. Anthers orange, .4mm long. Ovary superior, deeply 4-lobed, glabrous, green, .6mm broad, subtended by a thick green nectary. Style white, glabrous, -5mm long, exserted. Stigma 2-lobed. Calyx tubular, often purplish, glabrous internally, glandular externally, 10-ribbed, 5-lobed, the tube to 2mm long. Lobes to 1mm long, triangular-attenuate, ciliate-margined. The sinuses between the lobes rounded.
Flowering - June - October.
Habitat - Wet ground of meadows, spring branches, streams, pond margins, sloughs, ditches, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This weedy species is the common "Peppermint" of flavorings. The plant can be found scattered throughout Missouri and is fairly common. It is always associated with wet conditions.
The plant has a variety of culinary uses which need not be mentioned here. Menthol, derived from the plants oil, is used in many pharmaceuticals.
M. piperita and the closely related M. spicata L., (Spearmint) grow well from seed and can be cultivated easily.
M. spicata is very similar but has sessile to very short petiolate leaves.
Stems - Multiple from the base, from fibrous roots, erect, branching, herbaceous, rotting at the nodes, 4-angled (the angles rounded), glabrous, to +1m tall, fragrant.
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, petiolate. Petioles to 1.5cm long, glabrous to sparse pubescent, minutely winged from decurrent leaf tissue. Blades to 9cm long, -4cm broad, glabrous but with some pubescence on midrib below, rounded at the base to slightly tapering, elliptic lanceolate, serrate, acute, punctate. Veins anastomosing, depressed adaxially, expressed abaxially.
Inflorescence - Terminal spikiform cluster of axillary verticels. Each axillary cluster with +/-20 flowers. Clusters subtended by lobed bracts which often exceed the clusters. Pedicels purple, glandular, to 2mm long.
Flowers - Corolla lilac, glabrous internally and externally, 4-lobed (weakly bilabiate), to -4mm long. Lobes subequal, rounded at the apex, +1mm long. Upper lobe notched at the apex and slightly larger than the 3 lower lobes. Stamens 4, adnate at the apex of the corolla tube, alternating with the corolla lobes, included. Filaments white, .5mm long. Anthers orange, .4mm long. Ovary superior, deeply 4-lobed, glabrous, green, .6mm broad, subtended by a thick green nectary. Style white, glabrous, -5mm long, exserted. Stigma 2-lobed. Calyx tubular, often purplish, glabrous internally, glandular externally, 10-ribbed, 5-lobed, the tube to 2mm long. Lobes to 1mm long, triangular-attenuate, ciliate-margined. The sinuses between the lobes rounded.
Flowering - June - October.
Habitat - Wet ground of meadows, spring branches, streams, pond margins, sloughs, ditches, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This weedy species is the common "Peppermint" of flavorings. The plant can be found scattered throughout Missouri and is fairly common. It is always associated with wet conditions.
The plant has a variety of culinary uses which need not be mentioned here. Menthol, derived from the plants oil, is used in many pharmaceuticals.
M. piperita and the closely related M. spicata L., (Spearmint) grow well from seed and can be cultivated easily.
M. spicata is very similar but has sessile to very short petiolate leaves.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Family - Lamiaceae
Stems - To 80cm tall, herbaceous, 4-angled, typically retrorse strigose above and glabrous below, simple to branching, erect, from fibrous roots, often with adventitious roots from lower nodes, hollow.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate, decussate. Petiole to 2cm long, glabrous. Blade ovate to ovate-lanceolate, to +10cm long, 4cm wide, glabrous above, sparsely pubescent below, punctate, serrate to sub-entire, acute.
Inflorescence - Axillary verticillasters near apex of stems. Each verticillaster composed of two axillary pedunculate cymules of +/-20 flowers each. Peduncles 2mm long. Pedicels 1.5mm long, purplish. Cymules subtended by pair of attenuate bracts. Bracts pubescent, to 5mm long.
Flowers - Corolla lavender-purple to whitish, bilabiate(but appearing nearly regular), to +5mm long, glabrous. Corolla tube to 3.5mm long, pubescent. Upper lip single-lobed. Lobe notched at apex, 1.4mm long, pubescent externally. Lower lip 3-lobed. Lobes subequal(central lobe slightly larger), to 1.1mm long, pubescent externally, purple spotted internally. Stamens 4, exserted. Filaments to 1.7mm long, glabrous, pinkish-white. Anthers purple, .3mm long. Style exserted, lilac, 3mm long, glabrous. Stigma 2-lobed. Ovary deeply 4-parted, glabrous, green. Calyx tube to 1.5mm long, pubescent, cylindric, 5-lobed. Lobes .5mm long, acute, with ciliate margins, equal. Nutlets to 1.3mm long, glabrous, tannish.
Flowering - June - October.
Habitat - Moist to wet ground.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - The pubescence of the leaves and stems is variable and some authors, Steyermark included, like to separate the species into different varieties and forms. These varieties integrate and are sometimes difficult to tell apart so they will not be mentioned here.
This is the only native species of Mentha found in the U.S., the rest are all introduced.
This plant is very common and quite tasty in tea, desserts, and other recipes.
Stems - To 80cm tall, herbaceous, 4-angled, typically retrorse strigose above and glabrous below, simple to branching, erect, from fibrous roots, often with adventitious roots from lower nodes, hollow.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate, decussate. Petiole to 2cm long, glabrous. Blade ovate to ovate-lanceolate, to +10cm long, 4cm wide, glabrous above, sparsely pubescent below, punctate, serrate to sub-entire, acute.
Inflorescence - Axillary verticillasters near apex of stems. Each verticillaster composed of two axillary pedunculate cymules of +/-20 flowers each. Peduncles 2mm long. Pedicels 1.5mm long, purplish. Cymules subtended by pair of attenuate bracts. Bracts pubescent, to 5mm long.
Flowers - Corolla lavender-purple to whitish, bilabiate(but appearing nearly regular), to +5mm long, glabrous. Corolla tube to 3.5mm long, pubescent. Upper lip single-lobed. Lobe notched at apex, 1.4mm long, pubescent externally. Lower lip 3-lobed. Lobes subequal(central lobe slightly larger), to 1.1mm long, pubescent externally, purple spotted internally. Stamens 4, exserted. Filaments to 1.7mm long, glabrous, pinkish-white. Anthers purple, .3mm long. Style exserted, lilac, 3mm long, glabrous. Stigma 2-lobed. Ovary deeply 4-parted, glabrous, green. Calyx tube to 1.5mm long, pubescent, cylindric, 5-lobed. Lobes .5mm long, acute, with ciliate margins, equal. Nutlets to 1.3mm long, glabrous, tannish.
Flowering - June - October.
Habitat - Moist to wet ground.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - The pubescence of the leaves and stems is variable and some authors, Steyermark included, like to separate the species into different varieties and forms. These varieties integrate and are sometimes difficult to tell apart so they will not be mentioned here.
This is the only native species of Mentha found in the U.S., the rest are all introduced.
This plant is very common and quite tasty in tea, desserts, and other recipes.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Family - Rubiaceae
Stems - To +6cm tall, erect, herbaceous, from a weak taproot, 4-angled, often two per plant, winged. Wings often reddish, with minute dentations (at least near the base).
Leaves - Opposite. Lowest leaves petiolate. Petioles to 5-6mm long, glabrous. Blades ovate to lanceolate, acute, entire, glabrous, with translucent teeth on the margins (use a lens to see), to +7mm long, +4mm broad. Upper leaves nearly sessile, thinner than those near the base of the plant, connected at the base by a scarious stipule. Stipule with a triangular point.
Inflorescence - Single flowers terminating long axillary peduncles. Peduncles to +2cm long, 4-angled, minutely winged. Wings as those of the stem.
Flowers - Corolla purple, with red near the center, 4-lobed, salverform, 1-1.5cm broad, glabrous. Lobes 6-7mm long, 3-4mm broad, oblong, acute. Corolla tube to 5-6mm long, yellowish-green. Stamens 4, alternating with the corolla lobes, included, adnate to the corolla tube in the basal 1/3. Filaments essentially absent. Anthers yellow, ovoid, 1mm long. Style green, glabrous, 1.1mm long. Stigma thicker than style and giving the pair a clavate appearance. Ovary inferior, surrounded by the calyx tube. Calyx tube green, glabrous, 1-2mm long. Calyx lobes 4, erect, glabrous, acuminate, 2.5-3mm long.
Flowering - March - April.
Habitat - Glades, rocky ledges, outcroppings, dry open places.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This little species can be found in the southeastern 1/4 of Missouri. The plant is quite striking for its small size and would be a worthy candidate for cultivation in a rock garden.
This species and another, H. minima Beck, have been lumped together taxonomically and are now known as Hedyotis crassifolia Raf.
Stems - To +6cm tall, erect, herbaceous, from a weak taproot, 4-angled, often two per plant, winged. Wings often reddish, with minute dentations (at least near the base).
Leaves - Opposite. Lowest leaves petiolate. Petioles to 5-6mm long, glabrous. Blades ovate to lanceolate, acute, entire, glabrous, with translucent teeth on the margins (use a lens to see), to +7mm long, +4mm broad. Upper leaves nearly sessile, thinner than those near the base of the plant, connected at the base by a scarious stipule. Stipule with a triangular point.
Inflorescence - Single flowers terminating long axillary peduncles. Peduncles to +2cm long, 4-angled, minutely winged. Wings as those of the stem.
Flowers - Corolla purple, with red near the center, 4-lobed, salverform, 1-1.5cm broad, glabrous. Lobes 6-7mm long, 3-4mm broad, oblong, acute. Corolla tube to 5-6mm long, yellowish-green. Stamens 4, alternating with the corolla lobes, included, adnate to the corolla tube in the basal 1/3. Filaments essentially absent. Anthers yellow, ovoid, 1mm long. Style green, glabrous, 1.1mm long. Stigma thicker than style and giving the pair a clavate appearance. Ovary inferior, surrounded by the calyx tube. Calyx tube green, glabrous, 1-2mm long. Calyx lobes 4, erect, glabrous, acuminate, 2.5-3mm long.
Flowering - March - April.
Habitat - Glades, rocky ledges, outcroppings, dry open places.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This little species can be found in the southeastern 1/4 of Missouri. The plant is quite striking for its small size and would be a worthy candidate for cultivation in a rock garden.
This species and another, H. minima Beck, have been lumped together taxonomically and are now known as Hedyotis crassifolia Raf.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Family - Rubiaceae
Stems - From small taproot, +/-4cm tall, erect, herbaceous, 4-angled, scabrous, strigillose on angles, hollow, multiple from base, dichotomously branching.
Leaves - Basal leaves petiolate, opposite. Petioles to +/-5mm long, glabrous. Blades broadly ovate, entire, glabrous, 4-5mm long, 3.5-4mm broad, rounded to subacute at apex. Cauline leaves reduced, opposite, becoming sessile, connected at base by scarious acuminate stipules(to 2mm long), acute, with some purplish tinge, slightly scabrous.
Inflorescence - Singe terminal flowers. Peduncles to 1.3cm long, 4-angled, erect, scabrous as stems.
Flowers - Corolla salverform. Corolla tube 3mm long, glabrous. Corolla lobes 4, white to lilac or deep purple, broadly ovate, acute, to 4mm long, 2.5-3mm broad, entire, typically with a darker base. Stamens 4, included, adnate at middle of corolla tube. Filaments short, green, glabrous, .3mm long. Anthers yellow, .6mm long. Style -1mm long, green, glabrous. Stigma .7mm long, pubescent, ellipsoid. Ovary 2 locular, inferior. Placentation axile. Ovules many. Calyx tube +/-1mm long, glabrous. Lobes 4, linear-lanceolate, acute to acuminate, green with purple at margins, glabrous or strigillose, strigillose on margins.
Flowering - January - April.
Habitat - Prairies, glades, flood plains, ledges, bluffs.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This minute plant packs quite a punch of color for its size. My pictures don't really do the plant justice as the flowers are typically much more blue in color. The plant is quite prolific and can be found in large colonies, especially in the glade habitat. A rock garden could be enhanced greatly by the addition of this species.
This species and another, H. pusilla Schoepf, have been lumped together taxonomically and are now known as Hedyotis crassifolia Raf.
Stems - From small taproot, +/-4cm tall, erect, herbaceous, 4-angled, scabrous, strigillose on angles, hollow, multiple from base, dichotomously branching.
Leaves - Basal leaves petiolate, opposite. Petioles to +/-5mm long, glabrous. Blades broadly ovate, entire, glabrous, 4-5mm long, 3.5-4mm broad, rounded to subacute at apex. Cauline leaves reduced, opposite, becoming sessile, connected at base by scarious acuminate stipules(to 2mm long), acute, with some purplish tinge, slightly scabrous.
Inflorescence - Singe terminal flowers. Peduncles to 1.3cm long, 4-angled, erect, scabrous as stems.
Flowers - Corolla salverform. Corolla tube 3mm long, glabrous. Corolla lobes 4, white to lilac or deep purple, broadly ovate, acute, to 4mm long, 2.5-3mm broad, entire, typically with a darker base. Stamens 4, included, adnate at middle of corolla tube. Filaments short, green, glabrous, .3mm long. Anthers yellow, .6mm long. Style -1mm long, green, glabrous. Stigma .7mm long, pubescent, ellipsoid. Ovary 2 locular, inferior. Placentation axile. Ovules many. Calyx tube +/-1mm long, glabrous. Lobes 4, linear-lanceolate, acute to acuminate, green with purple at margins, glabrous or strigillose, strigillose on margins.
Flowering - January - April.
Habitat - Prairies, glades, flood plains, ledges, bluffs.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This minute plant packs quite a punch of color for its size. My pictures don't really do the plant justice as the flowers are typically much more blue in color. The plant is quite prolific and can be found in large colonies, especially in the glade habitat. A rock garden could be enhanced greatly by the addition of this species.
This species and another, H. pusilla Schoepf, have been lumped together taxonomically and are now known as Hedyotis crassifolia Raf.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Family - Lamiaceae
Stems - To 20cm tall, simple, from fibrous roots, herbaceous, 4-angled, tomentose to hirsute, multiple from base, fragrant (slightly).
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, linear to linear-oblong, to 2cm long, 3mm broad, entire, punctate, stigillose and ciliate-margined, sessile, fragrant (slightly).
Inflorescence - Vertcillasters of 8 flowers(4 at each leaf base). Pedicels to +2mm long, hirsute. Flowers subtended by 2-6 linear bracts. Bracts 6-7mm long, pubescent, ciliate-margined.
Flowers - Corolla bilabiate, purplish-blue, pubescent, to 5mm long. Stamens 2, adnate 1/2 way up corolla tube. Filaments purple. Anthers yellow, .2mm broad. Style purple, 2.3mm long, slightly exserted from upper lip or included. Ovary 4 parted, (4 nutlets). Nutlets (in flower) glabrous, purplish, .1mm long. Calyx bilabiate, hirsute to hispid. Calyx tube to 3mm long, 12 to 13-nerved, swollen below near base, floccose internally by lobes, otherwise glabrous internally. Upper lip 3 lobed. Lobes attenuate, 1.1mm long, ciliate-margined. Lower lip 2-lobed. Lobes linear-attenuate, 2.2mm long, ciliate-margined.
Flowering - May - July.
Habitat - Prairies, glades, sandy open ground, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - Although this plant is common throughout the entire state of Missouri, it is frequently overlooked because of its small size. The flowers are striking but minute and often missed.
The species is easy to ID in the field because of its small size and densely hairy stems and calices. The leaves of the stem are really nothing more than foliaceous bracts as the plant begins to flower very early in its life cycle. The lowest flowers of the plant are cleistogamous and have minute to absent corollas.
Stems - To 20cm tall, simple, from fibrous roots, herbaceous, 4-angled, tomentose to hirsute, multiple from base, fragrant (slightly).
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, linear to linear-oblong, to 2cm long, 3mm broad, entire, punctate, stigillose and ciliate-margined, sessile, fragrant (slightly).
Inflorescence - Vertcillasters of 8 flowers(4 at each leaf base). Pedicels to +2mm long, hirsute. Flowers subtended by 2-6 linear bracts. Bracts 6-7mm long, pubescent, ciliate-margined.
Flowers - Corolla bilabiate, purplish-blue, pubescent, to 5mm long. Stamens 2, adnate 1/2 way up corolla tube. Filaments purple. Anthers yellow, .2mm broad. Style purple, 2.3mm long, slightly exserted from upper lip or included. Ovary 4 parted, (4 nutlets). Nutlets (in flower) glabrous, purplish, .1mm long. Calyx bilabiate, hirsute to hispid. Calyx tube to 3mm long, 12 to 13-nerved, swollen below near base, floccose internally by lobes, otherwise glabrous internally. Upper lip 3 lobed. Lobes attenuate, 1.1mm long, ciliate-margined. Lower lip 2-lobed. Lobes linear-attenuate, 2.2mm long, ciliate-margined.
Flowering - May - July.
Habitat - Prairies, glades, sandy open ground, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - Although this plant is common throughout the entire state of Missouri, it is frequently overlooked because of its small size. The flowers are striking but minute and often missed.
The species is easy to ID in the field because of its small size and densely hairy stems and calices. The leaves of the stem are really nothing more than foliaceous bracts as the plant begins to flower very early in its life cycle. The lowest flowers of the plant are cleistogamous and have minute to absent corollas.
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