文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月11日
Family - Caryophyllaceae
Stems - No info yet.
Leaves - No info yet.
Inflorescence - No info yet.
Flowering - March - June.
Habitat - Disturbed sites, lawns, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This little annual species can be found in scattered Missouri counties and is becoming more with time.
Many species of Cerastium look alike and can be hard to differentiate. Sometimes minute details such as cilia at the base of the tiny petals are needed to differentiate species. Typically plants need to be collected in both flower and fruit to get a proper identification.
C. brachypetalum can be identified by its annual habit, dense hairs, ciliate-based petals, and long fruiting pedicels. When growing in sunny areas, the plant typically has a distinct grayish appearance. In shady areas, the grayish appearance is mostly absent.
Stems - No info yet.
Leaves - No info yet.
Inflorescence - No info yet.
Flowering - March - June.
Habitat - Disturbed sites, lawns, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This little annual species can be found in scattered Missouri counties and is becoming more with time.
Many species of Cerastium look alike and can be hard to differentiate. Sometimes minute details such as cilia at the base of the tiny petals are needed to differentiate species. Typically plants need to be collected in both flower and fruit to get a proper identification.
C. brachypetalum can be identified by its annual habit, dense hairs, ciliate-based petals, and long fruiting pedicels. When growing in sunny areas, the plant typically has a distinct grayish appearance. In shady areas, the grayish appearance is mostly absent.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月11日
Family - Bignoniaceae
Stems - Woody. A tree to 30m tall. Single trunk to 1m in diameter.
Leaves - Opposite or in whorls of 3, long petiolate, ovate, acuminate, entire, typically somewhat truncate at base or cordate, glabrous to sparsely pubescent above, pubescent below, to 30cm long, 20cm broad.
Inflorescence - Terminal panicles to 20cm high and broad.
Flowers - Tubular, to 6cm long, 4cm wide. Corolla white on outside, inside purple lined and spotted with some yellow spotting also, lower lobes without notches. Fruiting capsules to 60cm long, 1.5cm in diameter, terete. Seeds flat, to 4cm long, with a coma.
Flowering - May - June.
Habitat - Low woods, streambanks, also cultivated.
Origin - Native to small portion of midwest U.S. including southeastern Missouri, cultivated throughout the state.
Other info. - "speciosa" means "showy" and the trees certainly are when in bloom. The panicles of this species are fewer flowered and shorter than the closely related C. bignonioides, but the flowers are larger and appear more dense in bloom.
Stems - Woody. A tree to 30m tall. Single trunk to 1m in diameter.
Leaves - Opposite or in whorls of 3, long petiolate, ovate, acuminate, entire, typically somewhat truncate at base or cordate, glabrous to sparsely pubescent above, pubescent below, to 30cm long, 20cm broad.
Inflorescence - Terminal panicles to 20cm high and broad.
Flowers - Tubular, to 6cm long, 4cm wide. Corolla white on outside, inside purple lined and spotted with some yellow spotting also, lower lobes without notches. Fruiting capsules to 60cm long, 1.5cm in diameter, terete. Seeds flat, to 4cm long, with a coma.
Flowering - May - June.
Habitat - Low woods, streambanks, also cultivated.
Origin - Native to small portion of midwest U.S. including southeastern Missouri, cultivated throughout the state.
Other info. - "speciosa" means "showy" and the trees certainly are when in bloom. The panicles of this species are fewer flowered and shorter than the closely related C. bignonioides, but the flowers are larger and appear more dense in bloom.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月11日
Family - Bignoniaceae
Stems - Woody. A tree to 15m tall, single trunk to 1m in diameter.
Leaves - Opposite or whorled (3 at a node), long petiolate, to 25cm long, 18cm wide, typically ovate to cordate, sometimes shallowly 3-lobed, especially when young, acute, pubescent below, sparsely pubescent to glabrescent above.
Inflorescence - Terminal panicle to +20cm tall.
Flowers - Tubular, to 2cm broad. Corolla white outside, purple and yellow spotted inside, wrinkled, lower petals not notched at tip.
Fruits - An elongate capsule to 35cm long, 1cm in diameter. Seeds flattened, with coma.
Flowering - May - June.
Habitat - Cultivated, rarely escaped along streambanks, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to small portion of extreme southeastern U.S.
Other info. - This species is sometimes very difficult to tell from the next species C. speciosa but typically has smaller flowers and fruits than the latter. Some botanists think the two are synonymous. C. bignonioides is planted as an ornamental and is less common in this state than C. speciosa.
Stems - Woody. A tree to 15m tall, single trunk to 1m in diameter.
Leaves - Opposite or whorled (3 at a node), long petiolate, to 25cm long, 18cm wide, typically ovate to cordate, sometimes shallowly 3-lobed, especially when young, acute, pubescent below, sparsely pubescent to glabrescent above.
Inflorescence - Terminal panicle to +20cm tall.
Flowers - Tubular, to 2cm broad. Corolla white outside, purple and yellow spotted inside, wrinkled, lower petals not notched at tip.
Fruits - An elongate capsule to 35cm long, 1cm in diameter. Seeds flattened, with coma.
Flowering - May - June.
Habitat - Cultivated, rarely escaped along streambanks, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to small portion of extreme southeastern U.S.
Other info. - This species is sometimes very difficult to tell from the next species C. speciosa but typically has smaller flowers and fruits than the latter. Some botanists think the two are synonymous. C. bignonioides is planted as an ornamental and is less common in this state than C. speciosa.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月11日
Family - Caryophyllaceae
Stems - Multiple from base, from fibrous roots, dichotomously branching, glabrous to glandular pubescence, thin (-1mm in diameter), to +/-20cm tall, erect, herbaceous.
Leaves - Opposite, linear, +/-1.5cm long, 1-1.5mm broad, entire, glabrous, sessile.
Inflorescence - Terminal loose cymes. Each division of cyme with a small pair of bracts subtending. Bracts lanceolate. Pedicels to 1.3cm long, filiform, glabrous or with sparse glandular pubescence.
Flowers - Flowers to +/-5mm broad. Petals 5, white, glabrous, 6mm long, 1.4mm broad, with a shallow notch at apex, spreading at tips. Stamens 10. Filaments 2mm long, filiform, glabrous, white. Anthers yellow, .4mm long. Ovary ovoid, glabrous, 1.1mm long, .8mm in diameter. Styles 3, 1mm long, glabrous, white. Sepals 5, erect, distinct, with 5-nerved, green, glabrous or with some glandular hairs, lanceolate, with scarious margins, to 4mm long, 1mm broad. Fruit a small capsule. Seeds many, black, -.5mm in diameter.
Flowering - April - June.
Habitat - Glades and rocky prairies.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This little plant is found in the lower 1/2 of Missouri. When not in flower the plant is easy to overlook because it is so small and has very thin stems. While in flower the small white corollas are easy to spot in the plant's glade habitat. This species is very short-lived but the dead stems can be found throughout the year.
Stems - Multiple from base, from fibrous roots, dichotomously branching, glabrous to glandular pubescence, thin (-1mm in diameter), to +/-20cm tall, erect, herbaceous.
Leaves - Opposite, linear, +/-1.5cm long, 1-1.5mm broad, entire, glabrous, sessile.
Inflorescence - Terminal loose cymes. Each division of cyme with a small pair of bracts subtending. Bracts lanceolate. Pedicels to 1.3cm long, filiform, glabrous or with sparse glandular pubescence.
Flowers - Flowers to +/-5mm broad. Petals 5, white, glabrous, 6mm long, 1.4mm broad, with a shallow notch at apex, spreading at tips. Stamens 10. Filaments 2mm long, filiform, glabrous, white. Anthers yellow, .4mm long. Ovary ovoid, glabrous, 1.1mm long, .8mm in diameter. Styles 3, 1mm long, glabrous, white. Sepals 5, erect, distinct, with 5-nerved, green, glabrous or with some glandular hairs, lanceolate, with scarious margins, to 4mm long, 1mm broad. Fruit a small capsule. Seeds many, black, -.5mm in diameter.
Flowering - April - June.
Habitat - Glades and rocky prairies.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This little plant is found in the lower 1/2 of Missouri. When not in flower the plant is easy to overlook because it is so small and has very thin stems. While in flower the small white corollas are easy to spot in the plant's glade habitat. This species is very short-lived but the dead stems can be found throughout the year.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月11日
Family - Dipsacaceae
Stems - To 3m tall, with hooked and straight prickles, striate ridged, herbaceous but stout, erect, typically single from the base, branching in the apical half.
Leaves - Opposite, joined at base and surrounding the stem (confluent), pinnatifid to bipinnatifid.
Inflorescence - Dense terminal, cylindrical clusters (heads) to 10cm tall, 5cm in diameter, with an involucre of spreading bracts. Bracts, linear to linear-lanceolate, to 10cm long, 1cm wide, shorter than flower head is long
Flowers - Small, hundreds in head. Corolla white, to 13mm long. Each flower with a long stiff green bract.
Flowering - June - September.
Habitat - Roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This and the other members of the genus are highly aggressive weeds which are spreading rapidly in this state. They may be attractive but are replacing native vegetation. The flower heads can be used in dried arrangements but be careful not to spread the small seeds everywhere!
The flowers of this genus typically open in the middle of the head first and then open towards each end.
Stems - To 3m tall, with hooked and straight prickles, striate ridged, herbaceous but stout, erect, typically single from the base, branching in the apical half.
Leaves - Opposite, joined at base and surrounding the stem (confluent), pinnatifid to bipinnatifid.
Inflorescence - Dense terminal, cylindrical clusters (heads) to 10cm tall, 5cm in diameter, with an involucre of spreading bracts. Bracts, linear to linear-lanceolate, to 10cm long, 1cm wide, shorter than flower head is long
Flowers - Small, hundreds in head. Corolla white, to 13mm long. Each flower with a long stiff green bract.
Flowering - June - September.
Habitat - Roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This and the other members of the genus are highly aggressive weeds which are spreading rapidly in this state. They may be attractive but are replacing native vegetation. The flower heads can be used in dried arrangements but be careful not to spread the small seeds everywhere!
The flowers of this genus typically open in the middle of the head first and then open towards each end.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月11日
Family - Cabombaceae
Stems - No info yet.
Leaves - No info yet.
Inflorescence - No info yet.
Flowers - No info yet.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - Swamps, sloughs, ponds.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This attractive aquatic species can be found in just a few eastern Missouri counties. The plant can be identified by its finely divided, opposite submerged leaves (the emergent leaves are subulate and alternate) and its small white flowers. The sepals and petals of the flower are similar and have small, curled auricles at their bases. The flowers typically have 6 stamens but occasionally have only 3.
C. caroliniana provides good cover for fish and pond-life and is commonly grown as an ornamental for aquarium use.
Stems - No info yet.
Leaves - No info yet.
Inflorescence - No info yet.
Flowers - No info yet.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - Swamps, sloughs, ponds.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This attractive aquatic species can be found in just a few eastern Missouri counties. The plant can be identified by its finely divided, opposite submerged leaves (the emergent leaves are subulate and alternate) and its small white flowers. The sepals and petals of the flower are similar and have small, curled auricles at their bases. The flowers typically have 6 stamens but occasionally have only 3.
C. caroliniana provides good cover for fish and pond-life and is commonly grown as an ornamental for aquarium use.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月11日
Family - Ranunculaceae
Stems - Sprawling and climbing, sparse to moderately pubescent, herbaceous to woody, purplish, carinate, very long.
Leaves - Opposite, 3-5 foliate, petiolate. Leaflets lobed and/or coarse serrate, typically ovate to lanceolate, sparse pubescent to glabrous, sericeous below, +/-6cm long, +/-3cm broad. Petiolules to 1cm long or sometimes absent on upper pair of lateral leaflets. Petioles pubescent and purplish.
Inflorescence - Fairly dense axillary panicles. Each division of panicle subtended by pair of small foliaceous bracts. Peduncles and pedicels pubescent.
Flowers - Fragrant. Plants dioecious. Petals absent. Petaloid sepals 4, white, to 1.2cm long, +/-4mm broad, pubescent. Stamens erect to spreading, +/-25. Filaments to 8mm long, white, glabrous. Anthers pale yellow, 1.2mm long. Pistillate flowers with sterile stamens. Pistils many (6-10). Achenes sericeous, to -5mm long. Styles plumose, to +3cm long.
Flowering - July - September.
Habitat - Moist and low ground of woodlands, moist slopes, streambanks, fence rows.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This species is the only native pure white flowered Clematis in Missouri. The similar C. dioscoreifolia Levl. & Vanoit is native to Japan, has larger flowers, and has leaflets which are entire and typically unlobed.
The flower close-ups shown are of staminate flowers.
Stems - Sprawling and climbing, sparse to moderately pubescent, herbaceous to woody, purplish, carinate, very long.
Leaves - Opposite, 3-5 foliate, petiolate. Leaflets lobed and/or coarse serrate, typically ovate to lanceolate, sparse pubescent to glabrous, sericeous below, +/-6cm long, +/-3cm broad. Petiolules to 1cm long or sometimes absent on upper pair of lateral leaflets. Petioles pubescent and purplish.
Inflorescence - Fairly dense axillary panicles. Each division of panicle subtended by pair of small foliaceous bracts. Peduncles and pedicels pubescent.
Flowers - Fragrant. Plants dioecious. Petals absent. Petaloid sepals 4, white, to 1.2cm long, +/-4mm broad, pubescent. Stamens erect to spreading, +/-25. Filaments to 8mm long, white, glabrous. Anthers pale yellow, 1.2mm long. Pistillate flowers with sterile stamens. Pistils many (6-10). Achenes sericeous, to -5mm long. Styles plumose, to +3cm long.
Flowering - July - September.
Habitat - Moist and low ground of woodlands, moist slopes, streambanks, fence rows.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This species is the only native pure white flowered Clematis in Missouri. The similar C. dioscoreifolia Levl. & Vanoit is native to Japan, has larger flowers, and has leaflets which are entire and typically unlobed.
The flower close-ups shown are of staminate flowers.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月11日
Family - Oleaceae
Stems - Erect, multiple or single from base, to 10m, branching, woody. Twigs glabrous.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate. Petiole pubescent, to 2cm long. Blades to +12cm long, +6cm broad, elliptic, mostly glabrous above, pubescent below.
Inflorescence - Terminal cymes to +10cm long, often drooping. Peduncles thin(-1mm in diameter), glabrous. Pedicels to 7mm long. Branches of panicle opposite, decussate.
Flowers - Corolla white, deeply 4-lobed, glabrous. Corolla tube to 3mm long, with purple internally. Lobes +1.5cm long, 3mm broad, linear to oblanceolate, rounded at apex. Stamens 2, included, adnate to corolla tube. Filaments short. Anthers 1.2mm long, purplish. Ovary superior, 2-locular. Placentation axile. Calyx tube to 1.2mm long, green, glabrous, 4-lobed. Lobes 2mm long, acute, glabrous. Fruit a dark subglobose to ovoid drupe to 1.5cm long.
Flowering - April - May.
Habitat - Rocky ground along bluffs, glades, and ledges. Also found in wet woods and in cultivation.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This species is becoming popular in cultivation because of its showy flower clusters and the fact it is native. Typically the plant is shrubby but it can be grown as a small tree. The plant was used medicinally by Indians and more modern physicians to treat many ailments from congestion to infections. It is not used much anymore.
In Missouri the plant is found growing wild only in a few southern counties. It is cold tolerant and can grows as far north as New Jersey.
Stems - Erect, multiple or single from base, to 10m, branching, woody. Twigs glabrous.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate. Petiole pubescent, to 2cm long. Blades to +12cm long, +6cm broad, elliptic, mostly glabrous above, pubescent below.
Inflorescence - Terminal cymes to +10cm long, often drooping. Peduncles thin(-1mm in diameter), glabrous. Pedicels to 7mm long. Branches of panicle opposite, decussate.
Flowers - Corolla white, deeply 4-lobed, glabrous. Corolla tube to 3mm long, with purple internally. Lobes +1.5cm long, 3mm broad, linear to oblanceolate, rounded at apex. Stamens 2, included, adnate to corolla tube. Filaments short. Anthers 1.2mm long, purplish. Ovary superior, 2-locular. Placentation axile. Calyx tube to 1.2mm long, green, glabrous, 4-lobed. Lobes 2mm long, acute, glabrous. Fruit a dark subglobose to ovoid drupe to 1.5cm long.
Flowering - April - May.
Habitat - Rocky ground along bluffs, glades, and ledges. Also found in wet woods and in cultivation.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This species is becoming popular in cultivation because of its showy flower clusters and the fact it is native. Typically the plant is shrubby but it can be grown as a small tree. The plant was used medicinally by Indians and more modern physicians to treat many ailments from congestion to infections. It is not used much anymore.
In Missouri the plant is found growing wild only in a few southern counties. It is cold tolerant and can grows as far north as New Jersey.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月11日
Family - Scrophulariaceae
Stems - No info yet.
Leaves - No info yet.
Inflorescence - No info yet.
Flowers - No info yet.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - slow streams, lake and pond margins, swamps, ditches, sloughs.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This species can be found scattered throughout most of Missouri. The plant is easy to identify becasue of its habitat, hairy stems, and opposite, round leaves. The plant can grow in submerged in water or at the water's edge. Submerged plant have a much more elongate appearance than those growing primarily on land.
The tender stems and leaves of this species are eaten by wildlife.
Stems - No info yet.
Leaves - No info yet.
Inflorescence - No info yet.
Flowers - No info yet.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - slow streams, lake and pond margins, swamps, ditches, sloughs.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This species can be found scattered throughout most of Missouri. The plant is easy to identify becasue of its habitat, hairy stems, and opposite, round leaves. The plant can grow in submerged in water or at the water's edge. Submerged plant have a much more elongate appearance than those growing primarily on land.
The tender stems and leaves of this species are eaten by wildlife.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月11日
Family - Portulacaceae
Stems - To 30cm tall, typically erect, herbaceous, subsucculent, glabrous, herbaceous, from a corm.
Leaves - Cauline leaves opposite, linear, glabrous, to +10cm long, typically 2-5mm broad, with single midrib, sessile, entire.
Inflorescence - Terminal raceme. Buds nodding, erect in flower. Pedicels to 3cm long, glabrous. Inflorescence subtended by single sessile ovate bract. Bract entire, to 5mm long, 4mm broad, glabrous, green.
Flowers - Petals 5, obovate, to +1cm long, +5mm broad, entire, glabrous, rounded at apex, white with pink veins or pinkish with darker veins. Stamens 3-5, erect. Filaments pinkish, glabrous, expanded at base and surrounding ovary, 4mm long. Anthers pink, +1mm long. Ovary obovoid, green, glabrous, 1.6mm long, 1.2mm broad, sub 3-sided, unilocular. Styles 3, united below, to 4mm long, free in the apical 1mm or so, pinkish at apex. Sepals 2, green, to 7mm long 4mm broad, lance-ovate, glabrous, acute. Capsules to 4mm long, glabrous, 3-valved.
Flowering - February - May.
Habitat - Dry open woods, glades, slopes, prairies, low woods.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This little plant is one of the earliest bloomers in spring. The flowering period is actually quite long for such an early plant. The plant is easy to ID in the field because of its distinctive flowers and its thin opposite cauline leaves. Apparently the species is edible and fairly tasty but I have never eaten it.
Stems - To 30cm tall, typically erect, herbaceous, subsucculent, glabrous, herbaceous, from a corm.
Leaves - Cauline leaves opposite, linear, glabrous, to +10cm long, typically 2-5mm broad, with single midrib, sessile, entire.
Inflorescence - Terminal raceme. Buds nodding, erect in flower. Pedicels to 3cm long, glabrous. Inflorescence subtended by single sessile ovate bract. Bract entire, to 5mm long, 4mm broad, glabrous, green.
Flowers - Petals 5, obovate, to +1cm long, +5mm broad, entire, glabrous, rounded at apex, white with pink veins or pinkish with darker veins. Stamens 3-5, erect. Filaments pinkish, glabrous, expanded at base and surrounding ovary, 4mm long. Anthers pink, +1mm long. Ovary obovoid, green, glabrous, 1.6mm long, 1.2mm broad, sub 3-sided, unilocular. Styles 3, united below, to 4mm long, free in the apical 1mm or so, pinkish at apex. Sepals 2, green, to 7mm long 4mm broad, lance-ovate, glabrous, acute. Capsules to 4mm long, glabrous, 3-valved.
Flowering - February - May.
Habitat - Dry open woods, glades, slopes, prairies, low woods.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This little plant is one of the earliest bloomers in spring. The flowering period is actually quite long for such an early plant. The plant is easy to ID in the field because of its distinctive flowers and its thin opposite cauline leaves. Apparently the species is edible and fairly tasty but I have never eaten it.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月11日
Family - Asteraceae
Stems - To +/-50cm tall, single from base but with many spreading branches, from fibrous roots, strigose, herbaceous, subsucculent, erect or ascending, often rooting at lowest nodes, terete, purplish in strong sun.
Leaves - Opposite, sessile, lanceolate , shallow serrate, to 13cm long, 3cm broad, strigose, acuminate.
Inflorescence - Axillary and terminal clusters of 1-3 flower heads. Peduncles to -2cm long, densely antrorse strigose.
Involucre - Typically a single series of 8-10 unequal phyllaries. Phyllaries to 7mm ong, 2.3mm broad, antrorse strigose externally, glabrous internally, green, acute.
Ray flowers - Fertile, pistillate. Ligules to -2mm long, .5mm broad, notched or rounded at apex. Achenes 3-angled, white, 1mm long, glabrous. Pappus absent.
Disk flowers - Disk 4-10mm broad. Corolla tube to .9mm long, 4-lobed, glabrous, white. Lobes acute, .3mm long. Stamens 4. Anthers purple, .5-.6mm long, included, connate around style. Style whitish at apex (stigmas). Achenes (in fruit) to 2.5mm long, warty, 4-angled. Pappus absent to a minute crown. Receptacle flat. Chaff to -3mm long, translucent yellow, antrorsely barbellate.
Flowering - July - October.
Habitat - Wet areas.
Origin - Native to U.S. and tropical areas worldwide.
Other info. - This plant is quite prolific. It can grow on land or directly in the water. The stems often form roots from the nodes when floating in the water. The tiny white flowers and opposite leaves are good characteristics for identifying this species in the field. It is common throughout Missouri.
The plant does contain alkaloids but is often cooked and eaten.
A modern synonym is Eclipta prostrata (L.) L.
Stems - To +/-50cm tall, single from base but with many spreading branches, from fibrous roots, strigose, herbaceous, subsucculent, erect or ascending, often rooting at lowest nodes, terete, purplish in strong sun.
Leaves - Opposite, sessile, lanceolate , shallow serrate, to 13cm long, 3cm broad, strigose, acuminate.
Inflorescence - Axillary and terminal clusters of 1-3 flower heads. Peduncles to -2cm long, densely antrorse strigose.
Involucre - Typically a single series of 8-10 unequal phyllaries. Phyllaries to 7mm ong, 2.3mm broad, antrorse strigose externally, glabrous internally, green, acute.
Ray flowers - Fertile, pistillate. Ligules to -2mm long, .5mm broad, notched or rounded at apex. Achenes 3-angled, white, 1mm long, glabrous. Pappus absent.
Disk flowers - Disk 4-10mm broad. Corolla tube to .9mm long, 4-lobed, glabrous, white. Lobes acute, .3mm long. Stamens 4. Anthers purple, .5-.6mm long, included, connate around style. Style whitish at apex (stigmas). Achenes (in fruit) to 2.5mm long, warty, 4-angled. Pappus absent to a minute crown. Receptacle flat. Chaff to -3mm long, translucent yellow, antrorsely barbellate.
Flowering - July - October.
Habitat - Wet areas.
Origin - Native to U.S. and tropical areas worldwide.
Other info. - This plant is quite prolific. It can grow on land or directly in the water. The stems often form roots from the nodes when floating in the water. The tiny white flowers and opposite leaves are good characteristics for identifying this species in the field. It is common throughout Missouri.
The plant does contain alkaloids but is often cooked and eaten.
A modern synonym is Eclipta prostrata (L.) L.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月11日
Family - Caryophyllaceae
Stems - Multiple from base, from taproot, ascending to erect, branching, herbaceous, densely retrorse strigillose, to +/-15cm tall.
Leaves - Opposite, sessile, ovate, acute, entire, glabrous, with antrorse strigillose margins, 3-4mm broad, 6-7mm long.
Inflorescence - Axillary single flowers or terminal loose cymes. Pedicels elongating in fruit to 1cm, retrorse strigose.
Flowers - Petals 5, white, entire, glabrous, to 3mm long, distinct. Stamens 10, erect. Filaments white, glabrous, 1mm long. Anthers whitish to pale yellow. Styles 3, white, glabrous, -1mm long. Ovary superior, green, glabrous, 1.5mm long, 1mm in diameter, unilocular. Placentation free-central. Ovules many. Sepals 5, glandular pubescent, lanceolate, 1.2mm broad, 4mm long, acute.
Flowering - April - August.
Habitat - Glades, fields, bluffs, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This tiny plant is common in Missouri but mostly south of the Missouri River. This species can be identified in the field by its small ovate leaves and its small white petals, which are smaller than the sepals.
Stems - Multiple from base, from taproot, ascending to erect, branching, herbaceous, densely retrorse strigillose, to +/-15cm tall.
Leaves - Opposite, sessile, ovate, acute, entire, glabrous, with antrorse strigillose margins, 3-4mm broad, 6-7mm long.
Inflorescence - Axillary single flowers or terminal loose cymes. Pedicels elongating in fruit to 1cm, retrorse strigose.
Flowers - Petals 5, white, entire, glabrous, to 3mm long, distinct. Stamens 10, erect. Filaments white, glabrous, 1mm long. Anthers whitish to pale yellow. Styles 3, white, glabrous, -1mm long. Ovary superior, green, glabrous, 1.5mm long, 1mm in diameter, unilocular. Placentation free-central. Ovules many. Sepals 5, glandular pubescent, lanceolate, 1.2mm broad, 4mm long, acute.
Flowering - April - August.
Habitat - Glades, fields, bluffs, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This tiny plant is common in Missouri but mostly south of the Missouri River. This species can be identified in the field by its small ovate leaves and its small white petals, which are smaller than the sepals.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月11日
Family - Asteraceae
Stems - To 2m tall, pubescent above, glabrescent below.
Leaves - Opposite, toothed, petiolate, acuminate, ovate to lanceolate, to +15cm long, 10cm broad, typically glabrous.
Inflorescence - Terminal corymbiform clusters with many flower heads. Flower heads with +/-15 flowers.
Involucre - +/-5mm long(tall). Phyllaries imbricate, obtuse or rounded, pubescent.
Ray flowers - Absent.
Disk flowers - Corolla white to grayish-lavender, 5-lobed. Pappus of capillary bristles. Achenes black when mature.
Flowering - August - October.
Habitat - Pastures, prairies, waste ground, disturbed sites, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - One of the most common "weeds" in the state, this plant is a dominant presence of the landscape when in full bloom. It is a pioneering plant and thrives in areas which get cut or mowed on occasion. It is definitely the most common Eupatorium in Missouri.
Stems - To 2m tall, pubescent above, glabrescent below.
Leaves - Opposite, toothed, petiolate, acuminate, ovate to lanceolate, to +15cm long, 10cm broad, typically glabrous.
Inflorescence - Terminal corymbiform clusters with many flower heads. Flower heads with +/-15 flowers.
Involucre - +/-5mm long(tall). Phyllaries imbricate, obtuse or rounded, pubescent.
Ray flowers - Absent.
Disk flowers - Corolla white to grayish-lavender, 5-lobed. Pappus of capillary bristles. Achenes black when mature.
Flowering - August - October.
Habitat - Pastures, prairies, waste ground, disturbed sites, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - One of the most common "weeds" in the state, this plant is a dominant presence of the landscape when in full bloom. It is a pioneering plant and thrives in areas which get cut or mowed on occasion. It is definitely the most common Eupatorium in Missouri.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月01日
Crowtoe nickname
Five grass, bird foot beans, Lotus .
The morphological characteristics of Crowtoe
The plant height of 15-50 cm, lateral branches; root, stems tufted, prostrate growth, stem smooth, stem length of about 70 cm; in stem apex at three leaves, leaf blade , two large and leaves are very close, so also known as the five umbrella shaped grass; about 4-8 in flower inflorescence, apex, color yellowish or yellow pods; in the top, crack spread, like the bird's foot, so a bird foot beans this nickname; seeds brown .
The growth habit
Love the warm and humid climate, the most suitable growth temperature is 18-25 DEG C; seedling not cold, plant cold tolerance slightly, but less than 5 DEG C and yellow leaf. on soil demand is not high, but in the fertile well drained soil grew well. Lotus as a long day plant, no shade, sufficient sunshine can promote flowering.
farming
Lotus on the strict requirements of the soil, in sandy loam, clay loam, barren, low wetland poor drainage, slightly acidic or slightly alkaline soil can be planted. Seeds small, thin seedlings, unearthed ability is poor, requires a fine preparation, to ensure all seedlings. In the year before the post harvest should be autumn , tillage, stubble weeding v. Dry autumn rake was soil moisture conservation, soil moisture in winter irrigation irrigation to suppress, bubble, and rake was suppressed moisture. The following year before seeding to crusher, shallow soil and ground leveling.
Apply fertilizer
after sowing, with longer life, consumption of large amount of fertilizer, with a deep autumn over enough base fertilizer, organic fertilizer per acre 1500 ~ 2500 kg, 25 kg to 50 standard , must be mixed with manure, sprinkle water to wet, the maturity of the accumulation of 20 ~ 30 days of fermentation. Combined with deep tillage, 5~10 kg of ammonium nitrate was applied before sowing to promote seedling growth.
Sow
Seed fields are sown with the first class seeds prescribed by the national or provincial forage quality standards. Lotus seed hard to high rate of hard seed treatment before sowing, treatment methods are: a mechanical scratch coat, with warm water soak 24 hours, dry sowing; concentrated sulfuric acid for 20 to 30 minutes, rinse with water, dry sowing, sowing amount due to the use of purpose, seed field drill, Mu 0.4 ~ 0.5 kg, 30 ~ 40 cm spacing. Collect grass drill, 0.5 ~ 0.6 kg per mu, 20 ~ 30 cm spacing, into 0.7 ~ 0.8 kg, and grass mixed sowing, accounted for 40 ~ 50%. Sow depth of 1~2 cm. Sowing time due to differences in the different climate regions, the cold regions should be early spring sowing, warm spring area can, can summer and autumn, autumn should not be later than late August, to make the seedling growth period of 1 months or more, to facilitate the winter. Reseeding natural grassland improvement in winter has winter sowing. The establishment of a permanent artificial grassland, can also can be mixed , broadcast, commonly used for mixed grasses are Kentucky bluegrass, chicken feet grass, perennial , high meadow etc.. Mixture proportion, accounted for 40 ~ 50%. In pure breeding, the roots or stems can be cut and cut to propagate. When the natural grassland is improved by seeding, it can be adjusted and controlled so as to make the seed fully mature and easy to propagate by seed.
Field management
The seedlings grow slowly, susceptible weeds, timely cultivation, hoe, forbidden grazing, trampling damaged seedlings. Grassland can not be used after grazing, too heavy use, or after irrigation, rainfall after grazing, without loss of vitality. Each time the pasture is used, it should be separated by half a month to regenerate it. After every grazing or cutting, the irrigation area should combine irrigation and topdressing, and the land should use the rainfall plus fertilizer. 10~15 kg of per mu, 4~5 kg of phosphate or ammonium nitrate. Cutting stubble 5~8 cm, grazing stubble 10~15 cm.
Common insect pest
The grassland caterpillar, , alfalfa seeds, bee grubs, alfalfa and wheat ,Yes.
Harvesting and utilization
The florescence is long, the seed maturity is not consistent, after mature, easy to crack the pod to fall the grain, in 70% when the fruit pod turns to the dark brown, then may cut to receive the kind, may conditionally follow the ripe to gather, carries on the stage by stage. Artificial grassland for optimum mowing flowers for the early flowering stage to fill, for grazing period began branching period to bud stage, or grass height up to 20 cm of moderate grazing, avoid heavy grazing or rainfall, irrigation after grazing. The root stubble fertilizer efficiency is very high, often using cereal and forage crop and economic crop rotation. Seed field and soil and water conservation cultivation is a good nectar, flowering season, will be shipped around the hive, promote pollination, increase seed yield, make full use of bee.
Five grass, bird foot beans, Lotus .
The morphological characteristics of Crowtoe
The plant height of 15-50 cm, lateral branches; root, stems tufted, prostrate growth, stem smooth, stem length of about 70 cm; in stem apex at three leaves, leaf blade , two large and leaves are very close, so also known as the five umbrella shaped grass; about 4-8 in flower inflorescence, apex, color yellowish or yellow pods; in the top, crack spread, like the bird's foot, so a bird foot beans this nickname; seeds brown .
The growth habit
Love the warm and humid climate, the most suitable growth temperature is 18-25 DEG C; seedling not cold, plant cold tolerance slightly, but less than 5 DEG C and yellow leaf. on soil demand is not high, but in the fertile well drained soil grew well. Lotus as a long day plant, no shade, sufficient sunshine can promote flowering.
farming
Lotus on the strict requirements of the soil, in sandy loam, clay loam, barren, low wetland poor drainage, slightly acidic or slightly alkaline soil can be planted. Seeds small, thin seedlings, unearthed ability is poor, requires a fine preparation, to ensure all seedlings. In the year before the post harvest should be autumn , tillage, stubble weeding v. Dry autumn rake was soil moisture conservation, soil moisture in winter irrigation irrigation to suppress, bubble, and rake was suppressed moisture. The following year before seeding to crusher, shallow soil and ground leveling.
Apply fertilizer
after sowing, with longer life, consumption of large amount of fertilizer, with a deep autumn over enough base fertilizer, organic fertilizer per acre 1500 ~ 2500 kg, 25 kg to 50 standard , must be mixed with manure, sprinkle water to wet, the maturity of the accumulation of 20 ~ 30 days of fermentation. Combined with deep tillage, 5~10 kg of ammonium nitrate was applied before sowing to promote seedling growth.
Sow
Seed fields are sown with the first class seeds prescribed by the national or provincial forage quality standards. Lotus seed hard to high rate of hard seed treatment before sowing, treatment methods are: a mechanical scratch coat, with warm water soak 24 hours, dry sowing; concentrated sulfuric acid for 20 to 30 minutes, rinse with water, dry sowing, sowing amount due to the use of purpose, seed field drill, Mu 0.4 ~ 0.5 kg, 30 ~ 40 cm spacing. Collect grass drill, 0.5 ~ 0.6 kg per mu, 20 ~ 30 cm spacing, into 0.7 ~ 0.8 kg, and grass mixed sowing, accounted for 40 ~ 50%. Sow depth of 1~2 cm. Sowing time due to differences in the different climate regions, the cold regions should be early spring sowing, warm spring area can, can summer and autumn, autumn should not be later than late August, to make the seedling growth period of 1 months or more, to facilitate the winter. Reseeding natural grassland improvement in winter has winter sowing. The establishment of a permanent artificial grassland, can also can be mixed , broadcast, commonly used for mixed grasses are Kentucky bluegrass, chicken feet grass, perennial , high meadow etc.. Mixture proportion, accounted for 40 ~ 50%. In pure breeding, the roots or stems can be cut and cut to propagate. When the natural grassland is improved by seeding, it can be adjusted and controlled so as to make the seed fully mature and easy to propagate by seed.
Field management
The seedlings grow slowly, susceptible weeds, timely cultivation, hoe, forbidden grazing, trampling damaged seedlings. Grassland can not be used after grazing, too heavy use, or after irrigation, rainfall after grazing, without loss of vitality. Each time the pasture is used, it should be separated by half a month to regenerate it. After every grazing or cutting, the irrigation area should combine irrigation and topdressing, and the land should use the rainfall plus fertilizer. 10~15 kg of per mu, 4~5 kg of phosphate or ammonium nitrate. Cutting stubble 5~8 cm, grazing stubble 10~15 cm.
Common insect pest
The grassland caterpillar, , alfalfa seeds, bee grubs, alfalfa and wheat ,Yes.
Harvesting and utilization
The florescence is long, the seed maturity is not consistent, after mature, easy to crack the pod to fall the grain, in 70% when the fruit pod turns to the dark brown, then may cut to receive the kind, may conditionally follow the ripe to gather, carries on the stage by stage. Artificial grassland for optimum mowing flowers for the early flowering stage to fill, for grazing period began branching period to bud stage, or grass height up to 20 cm of moderate grazing, avoid heavy grazing or rainfall, irrigation after grazing. The root stubble fertilizer efficiency is very high, often using cereal and forage crop and economic crop rotation. Seed field and soil and water conservation cultivation is a good nectar, flowering season, will be shipped around the hive, promote pollination, increase seed yield, make full use of bee.
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0
文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月01日
The morphological characteristics of color.
Three bindweed is annual or perennial herbs. Stems climbing, ascending, leaves narrowly oblong to , apex obtuse, entire; neck short, sparsely flowered, solitary. Corolla bell shaped or funnel-shaped, blue, red, yellow and white edge, throat, annual, erect or climbing stems, branches and flowers in drooping, white star shaped block, and yellow flower, and the outer ring around a single color red, blue, pink or white flowers that look like, but if only. Open a day, it is true, a flower has three color color.
The growth habit of the three.
In 3 ~ May tricolor sowing, flowering from 6 to July, more open in the morning.
tricolor warm, humid, sunny; lax to requirement, can choose organic builder to cultivate soil for cultivation, soil fertility during the need to keep moist, not dry, and placed in outdoor light, after sowing after about 70 to 90 days will be open to a flower, to one and a half months before flowering, every two weeks a month applying fertilizer, increase the soil fertility and the flowering of bright colors;
A vine with three bindweed, so in the growth period when the stem elongation, can give moderate pruning, and support, to prevent lodging, also can be in pots or hanging flower beds, let it drop growth, is also a good choice.
Three the heat tolerance is good, but when in the summer comes, the hot weather is easy to make the plant significantly weakened, required to maintain the cultivation environment and ventilation; transpiration is fast, the need to pay attention to water supply, but the culture medium used for good drainage, so that the root rot easily in hot and humid conditions. And its cold resistance is also good, so the cultivation period can be extended to early autumn.
cultivation techniques
Most commonly with seeding breeding, sowing period is about in early spring to early summer can be suitable germination of about 18 to 25 DEG C, seeding in seedling tray, thin soil cover, keep the soil moist, in seedling tray coated on the transparent plastic cloth, to keep humidity, but not inside water, about 7 ~ 14 days to germination, then remove the plastic cloth, placed in bright light, the leaves of 3 ~ 5, can be transplanted to the basin, but not resistant seedlings three transplantation, the transplantation need careful attention, also can start live in the basin.
Three bindweed is annual or perennial herbs. Stems climbing, ascending, leaves narrowly oblong to , apex obtuse, entire; neck short, sparsely flowered, solitary. Corolla bell shaped or funnel-shaped, blue, red, yellow and white edge, throat, annual, erect or climbing stems, branches and flowers in drooping, white star shaped block, and yellow flower, and the outer ring around a single color red, blue, pink or white flowers that look like, but if only. Open a day, it is true, a flower has three color color.
The growth habit of the three.
In 3 ~ May tricolor sowing, flowering from 6 to July, more open in the morning.
tricolor warm, humid, sunny; lax to requirement, can choose organic builder to cultivate soil for cultivation, soil fertility during the need to keep moist, not dry, and placed in outdoor light, after sowing after about 70 to 90 days will be open to a flower, to one and a half months before flowering, every two weeks a month applying fertilizer, increase the soil fertility and the flowering of bright colors;
A vine with three bindweed, so in the growth period when the stem elongation, can give moderate pruning, and support, to prevent lodging, also can be in pots or hanging flower beds, let it drop growth, is also a good choice.
Three the heat tolerance is good, but when in the summer comes, the hot weather is easy to make the plant significantly weakened, required to maintain the cultivation environment and ventilation; transpiration is fast, the need to pay attention to water supply, but the culture medium used for good drainage, so that the root rot easily in hot and humid conditions. And its cold resistance is also good, so the cultivation period can be extended to early autumn.
cultivation techniques
Most commonly with seeding breeding, sowing period is about in early spring to early summer can be suitable germination of about 18 to 25 DEG C, seeding in seedling tray, thin soil cover, keep the soil moist, in seedling tray coated on the transparent plastic cloth, to keep humidity, but not inside water, about 7 ~ 14 days to germination, then remove the plastic cloth, placed in bright light, the leaves of 3 ~ 5, can be transplanted to the basin, but not resistant seedlings three transplantation, the transplantation need careful attention, also can start live in the basin.
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