文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月12日
Family - Scrophulariaceae
Stems - To +1m tall, glabrous below (sometimes with minute hairs in vertical lines), glandular pubescent above, simple to somewhat branching, herbaceous, from a thick caudex.
Leaves - Opposite or rarely in whorls of 3s, petiolate below to sessile above, glabrous, with punctate dots below, entire or shallow serrate.. Petioles to 8cm long. Blades variously shaped from spatulate to lanceolate, to 20cm long, +5cm broad, reduced at inflorescence.
Inflorescence - Terminal thryse to 20 cm tall(long). Cymes in +/-5 verticillasters. Cymes with typically +/-3 flowers each. Peduncles and pedicels spreading away from stem or sub-erect, dense glandular pubescent (the glands often blackish). Each division of inflorescence subtended by pair of attenuate bracts (reduced upward).
Flowers - Corolla bilabiate, white, 2.5-3cm long, glandular and non-glandular pubescent externally, glabrous internally. Corolla tube constricted in basal half, less constricted in apical half. Upper lip of corolla 2-lobed. Lower lip 3-lobed. Lobes rounded to obtuse, 3-5mm long and broad. Stamens 4, adnate near apex of constricted portion of corolla tube. Staminode 1. Filaments to 2cm long, white, glabrous. Anthers purplish-black, 3mm long. Style 2cm long, white, glabrous. Ovary green, glabrous, 4mm long. Calyx 5-lobed. Lobes ovate to lance-ovate, acute to acuminate, glandular pubescent, 4-5mm long, 3mm broad. Capsule to 1.5cm long.
Flowering - May - July.
Habitat - Rich woods, prairies, thickets, roadsides, railroads. Also cultivated.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is the most common species of the genus in Missouri, being found in almost every county except in the extreme northwest corner of the state.
Steyermark lists two varieties for this species in Missouri. Form digitalis, pictured above, has leaves which are opposite. Form baueri, has leaves in whorls of 3s. This latter form is rare.
The flowers resemble those of the genus Digitalis, hence the species name.
Many species of the genus Penstemon look alike at first glance. Check them out carefully to be sure which one you really have.
Stems - To +1m tall, glabrous below (sometimes with minute hairs in vertical lines), glandular pubescent above, simple to somewhat branching, herbaceous, from a thick caudex.
Leaves - Opposite or rarely in whorls of 3s, petiolate below to sessile above, glabrous, with punctate dots below, entire or shallow serrate.. Petioles to 8cm long. Blades variously shaped from spatulate to lanceolate, to 20cm long, +5cm broad, reduced at inflorescence.
Inflorescence - Terminal thryse to 20 cm tall(long). Cymes in +/-5 verticillasters. Cymes with typically +/-3 flowers each. Peduncles and pedicels spreading away from stem or sub-erect, dense glandular pubescent (the glands often blackish). Each division of inflorescence subtended by pair of attenuate bracts (reduced upward).
Flowers - Corolla bilabiate, white, 2.5-3cm long, glandular and non-glandular pubescent externally, glabrous internally. Corolla tube constricted in basal half, less constricted in apical half. Upper lip of corolla 2-lobed. Lower lip 3-lobed. Lobes rounded to obtuse, 3-5mm long and broad. Stamens 4, adnate near apex of constricted portion of corolla tube. Staminode 1. Filaments to 2cm long, white, glabrous. Anthers purplish-black, 3mm long. Style 2cm long, white, glabrous. Ovary green, glabrous, 4mm long. Calyx 5-lobed. Lobes ovate to lance-ovate, acute to acuminate, glandular pubescent, 4-5mm long, 3mm broad. Capsule to 1.5cm long.
Flowering - May - July.
Habitat - Rich woods, prairies, thickets, roadsides, railroads. Also cultivated.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is the most common species of the genus in Missouri, being found in almost every county except in the extreme northwest corner of the state.
Steyermark lists two varieties for this species in Missouri. Form digitalis, pictured above, has leaves which are opposite. Form baueri, has leaves in whorls of 3s. This latter form is rare.
The flowers resemble those of the genus Digitalis, hence the species name.
Many species of the genus Penstemon look alike at first glance. Check them out carefully to be sure which one you really have.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月12日
Family - Scrophulariaceae
Stems - To +1m tall, herbaceous, erect but reclining with age, hollow, somewhat 4-angled (the angles very rounded), green but with purple vertical stripes in the internodes, mostly glabrous but with vertical lines of curled hairs in the internodes (the hairs multicellular, use a leans to see).
Leaves - Opposite, short-petiolate, decussate. Petioles to 1cm long, mostly glabrous but with a few multicellular hairs on the margins. Blades linear-oblong to oblong-lanceolate, to +10cm long, 3cm broad, deep green above, lighter below, sparse pubescent above and below, shallowly pinnately lobed. Each lobe with crenulate-serrulate margins. Lateral veins of leaf impressed above, expressed below. Veins in a minute reticulate pattern (visible abaxially).
Inflorescence - Terminal and axillary bracteate spikes to +/-10cm long (tall). Each flower subtended by a foliaceous bract. Bracts with a distinctly bent petiole and a pair of basal auricles (auricles spreading laterally), folded in at least the basal 1/2, accrescent, +/-1.5cm long in flower, with a few marginal hairs otherwise glabrous, with crenulate-serrulate margins. Flowers of the spike arranged in a "pinwheel" fashion.
Flowers - Corolla white, +/-2.5cm long, strongly compressed, bilabiate, zygomorphic, glabrous externally. Upper lip single-lobed, galeate, +1cm long. Lower lip +1cm long, 3-lobed at the apex, with 2 central folds leading into the throat of the corolla (the folds bearded in the basal 1/2). Lobes of the lower lip rounded, 3-4mm long, 2-3mm broad. Stamens 4, included in the galea of the upper lip. Filaments thin, translucent-white, mostly glabrous but with some hairs at the base, 2-2.5cm long, compressed. Anthers yellow-brown, 3-4mm long. Style white, 3cm long, glabrous. Stigma minute and green. Ovary green, conic, slightly compressed, glabrous, 3mm long in flower, with a swollen nectariferous base, 2-locular. Ovules many. Placentation axile. Calyx green, 2-lobed, to 1.4cm long in flower, accrescent. Lobes with orbicular appendages at the apex.
Flowering - August - October.
Habitat - Spring branches, calcareous spring-fed swampy meadows, moist limestone ledges.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This striking plant is found only in the Ozark region of Missouri. The plant is unmistakable in the field because of the "pinwheel" arrangement of its flowers. I do not think I captured this very well in the pics. It is really easy to see and the first thing everyone notices about the plant. The white flowers of the plant are easily seen along the spring branches and moist meadows where it grows.
Stems - To +1m tall, herbaceous, erect but reclining with age, hollow, somewhat 4-angled (the angles very rounded), green but with purple vertical stripes in the internodes, mostly glabrous but with vertical lines of curled hairs in the internodes (the hairs multicellular, use a leans to see).
Leaves - Opposite, short-petiolate, decussate. Petioles to 1cm long, mostly glabrous but with a few multicellular hairs on the margins. Blades linear-oblong to oblong-lanceolate, to +10cm long, 3cm broad, deep green above, lighter below, sparse pubescent above and below, shallowly pinnately lobed. Each lobe with crenulate-serrulate margins. Lateral veins of leaf impressed above, expressed below. Veins in a minute reticulate pattern (visible abaxially).
Inflorescence - Terminal and axillary bracteate spikes to +/-10cm long (tall). Each flower subtended by a foliaceous bract. Bracts with a distinctly bent petiole and a pair of basal auricles (auricles spreading laterally), folded in at least the basal 1/2, accrescent, +/-1.5cm long in flower, with a few marginal hairs otherwise glabrous, with crenulate-serrulate margins. Flowers of the spike arranged in a "pinwheel" fashion.
Flowers - Corolla white, +/-2.5cm long, strongly compressed, bilabiate, zygomorphic, glabrous externally. Upper lip single-lobed, galeate, +1cm long. Lower lip +1cm long, 3-lobed at the apex, with 2 central folds leading into the throat of the corolla (the folds bearded in the basal 1/2). Lobes of the lower lip rounded, 3-4mm long, 2-3mm broad. Stamens 4, included in the galea of the upper lip. Filaments thin, translucent-white, mostly glabrous but with some hairs at the base, 2-2.5cm long, compressed. Anthers yellow-brown, 3-4mm long. Style white, 3cm long, glabrous. Stigma minute and green. Ovary green, conic, slightly compressed, glabrous, 3mm long in flower, with a swollen nectariferous base, 2-locular. Ovules many. Placentation axile. Calyx green, 2-lobed, to 1.4cm long in flower, accrescent. Lobes with orbicular appendages at the apex.
Flowering - August - October.
Habitat - Spring branches, calcareous spring-fed swampy meadows, moist limestone ledges.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This striking plant is found only in the Ozark region of Missouri. The plant is unmistakable in the field because of the "pinwheel" arrangement of its flowers. I do not think I captured this very well in the pics. It is really easy to see and the first thing everyone notices about the plant. The white flowers of the plant are easily seen along the spring branches and moist meadows where it grows.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月12日
Family - Lamiaceae
Stems - To .75m tall, 4-angled, glabrous or sparsely hairy, branching, herbaceous, strongly aromatic.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate, glabrous, entire or with a few coarse teeth, lanceolate, lanceolate-ovate or ovate.
Inflorescence - Terminal clusters of whorled flowers (vertcilillasters).
Flowers - Corolla white, bilabiate, to 1cm long. Stamens exerted beyond corolla. Calyx 5-lobed, upper lobe expanded into a lid or cap over others.
Flowering - July - October.
Habitat - Cultivated but occasionally escaped to waste ground.
Origin - Native to Asia and Africa.
Other info. - There are many different varieties of basil in cultivation. All are delicious. This species is often planted in gardens along with tomatoes, Lycopersicon esculentum, and the two are essential in good Italian sauces. My parents had basil growing year-round to cook with. It is such an easy plant to grow that no one should have to be without fresh basil. The dried stuff is sacrilege.
Stems - To .75m tall, 4-angled, glabrous or sparsely hairy, branching, herbaceous, strongly aromatic.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate, glabrous, entire or with a few coarse teeth, lanceolate, lanceolate-ovate or ovate.
Inflorescence - Terminal clusters of whorled flowers (vertcilillasters).
Flowers - Corolla white, bilabiate, to 1cm long. Stamens exerted beyond corolla. Calyx 5-lobed, upper lobe expanded into a lid or cap over others.
Flowering - July - October.
Habitat - Cultivated but occasionally escaped to waste ground.
Origin - Native to Asia and Africa.
Other info. - There are many different varieties of basil in cultivation. All are delicious. This species is often planted in gardens along with tomatoes, Lycopersicon esculentum, and the two are essential in good Italian sauces. My parents had basil growing year-round to cook with. It is such an easy plant to grow that no one should have to be without fresh basil. The dried stuff is sacrilege.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月12日
Family - Lamiaceae
Stems - To +1m tall, multiple from base, from fibrous roots, tomentose, 4-angled, branching, herbaceous, erect. Plant fragrant.
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, petiolate. Petiole to +/-4cm long, tomentose, with single adaxial groove. Blade triangular to triangular-ovate or ovate, to +/-10cm long, +/-6cm broad, crenate-serrate, reduced upward, pubescent above and below (more so below), grayish-green below, fragrant.
Inflorescence - Terminal clusters of whorled flowers (verticillasters). Brats accompanying clusters barely or not exceeding the flowers.
Flowers - Sessile. Corolla whitish-pink, spotted with purple internally, bilabiate. Corolla tube to +/-5mm long, abruptly expanded near apex, tomentose. Upper lip 2.1mm long, 2.4mm broad, notched or shallow 2-lobed. Lower lip with 2 shallow lateral lobes and large central lobe. Central lobe +/-3mm long, +/-4mm broad, toothed at apex, bearded near throat. Stamens 4, didynamous, exserted just beyond upper lip, adnate at apex of constricted portion of corolla tube. Filaments to -3mm long, glabrous, white to pinkish-white. Anthers rose-purple, .6mm broad. Style 8mm long, glabrous, pinkish-white. Stigma 2-lobed. Ovary of 4 nutlets. Nutlets green, tuberculate. Calyx tube to 3mm long, 1.1mm in diameter, 5-lobed, with 15 nerves (ridges), tomentose. Lobes subequal, attenuate, to 1.8mm long. Calyx accrescent.
Flowering - June - September.
Habitat - Waste ground, open woods, roadsides, railroads. Also cultivated.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This species is known to have intoxicating effects on domestic cats. Each cat reacts differently to it. The plant is easy to grow and common in the state. Why buy it when you can just go out and pick it?
Stems - To +1m tall, multiple from base, from fibrous roots, tomentose, 4-angled, branching, herbaceous, erect. Plant fragrant.
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, petiolate. Petiole to +/-4cm long, tomentose, with single adaxial groove. Blade triangular to triangular-ovate or ovate, to +/-10cm long, +/-6cm broad, crenate-serrate, reduced upward, pubescent above and below (more so below), grayish-green below, fragrant.
Inflorescence - Terminal clusters of whorled flowers (verticillasters). Brats accompanying clusters barely or not exceeding the flowers.
Flowers - Sessile. Corolla whitish-pink, spotted with purple internally, bilabiate. Corolla tube to +/-5mm long, abruptly expanded near apex, tomentose. Upper lip 2.1mm long, 2.4mm broad, notched or shallow 2-lobed. Lower lip with 2 shallow lateral lobes and large central lobe. Central lobe +/-3mm long, +/-4mm broad, toothed at apex, bearded near throat. Stamens 4, didynamous, exserted just beyond upper lip, adnate at apex of constricted portion of corolla tube. Filaments to -3mm long, glabrous, white to pinkish-white. Anthers rose-purple, .6mm broad. Style 8mm long, glabrous, pinkish-white. Stigma 2-lobed. Ovary of 4 nutlets. Nutlets green, tuberculate. Calyx tube to 3mm long, 1.1mm in diameter, 5-lobed, with 15 nerves (ridges), tomentose. Lobes subequal, attenuate, to 1.8mm long. Calyx accrescent.
Flowering - June - September.
Habitat - Waste ground, open woods, roadsides, railroads. Also cultivated.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This species is known to have intoxicating effects on domestic cats. Each cat reacts differently to it. The plant is easy to grow and common in the state. Why buy it when you can just go out and pick it?
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月12日
Family - Lamiaceae
Stems - Simple, erect, herbaceous, 4-angled, sparse to dense pilose on the angles, from rhizomes, fragrant. Hairs of the plant multicellular.
Leaves - Opposite, short-petiolate, decussate. Petioles to 2mm long, ciliate=margined. Blades ovate to ovate-lanceolate, coarse-shallow serrate, acute, ciliate-margined, pubescent on both surfaces, with lateral veins anastomosing before the margin of the blade, to +7cm long, +4cm broad. Uppermost leaves subtending the inflorescence reduced to bracts.
Inflorescence - Single terminal capitate cluster of flowers per plant. Cluster subtended by small foliaceous bracts. Bracts to +/-1.5cm long, green or slightly pink or purple tinged. Flowers +/-50 per cluster, sessile.
Flowers - Corolla whitish with purple spots, bilabiate. Corolla tube to 1.3cm long, sparse glandular pubescent externally, pubescent internally. Lower lip single-lobed. The lobe to 1.5cm long, 6-7mm broad, mostly white but with purple spots internally, glabrous internally, glandular and pubescent externally, with an apical appendage. Appendage with 2 linear lobes. Upper lip single-lobes. Lobe thin, arching, to 1.4cm long, 2mm broad, simple and glandular pubescent externally, with the apex reflexed or not. Apex ciliate. Stamens 2, adnate at the apex of the corolla tube, slightly exserted from under the upper lip. Filaments white, glabrous, +1.5cm long. Anthers purplish-brown, 2.5mm long. Style filiform, +3cm long, glabrous, whitish to purple-tinged at the apex. Stigma 2-lobed. Lobes .6mm long. Ovary 4-lobed at the apex, green, glabrous, 1mm long and broad. Calyx tube to -1cm long in flower, -2mm in diameter, 13-ribbed, sparse pilose, 5-lobed. Lobes linear, needle-like, spreading, 2.5-3mm long in flower, ciliate.
Flowering - April - June.
Habitat - Rocky or dry open woods, borders of glades, railroads. Usually an acid substrata.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This little species can be found in the southeastern half of Missouri and mostly in the Ozark region of the state. The plant is the earliest of the genus to flower in Missouri. It is also the smallest of the genus. The plant is easy to ID because of its big, whitish to pink, zygomorphic flowers.
This species is very fragrant and a tea can be made from the leaves and flowers of the plant.
Steyermark had this species listed as M. russeliana Nutt. but it has been determined that M. russeliana is a different species that occurs in states to the south of Missouri.
Stems - Simple, erect, herbaceous, 4-angled, sparse to dense pilose on the angles, from rhizomes, fragrant. Hairs of the plant multicellular.
Leaves - Opposite, short-petiolate, decussate. Petioles to 2mm long, ciliate=margined. Blades ovate to ovate-lanceolate, coarse-shallow serrate, acute, ciliate-margined, pubescent on both surfaces, with lateral veins anastomosing before the margin of the blade, to +7cm long, +4cm broad. Uppermost leaves subtending the inflorescence reduced to bracts.
Inflorescence - Single terminal capitate cluster of flowers per plant. Cluster subtended by small foliaceous bracts. Bracts to +/-1.5cm long, green or slightly pink or purple tinged. Flowers +/-50 per cluster, sessile.
Flowers - Corolla whitish with purple spots, bilabiate. Corolla tube to 1.3cm long, sparse glandular pubescent externally, pubescent internally. Lower lip single-lobed. The lobe to 1.5cm long, 6-7mm broad, mostly white but with purple spots internally, glabrous internally, glandular and pubescent externally, with an apical appendage. Appendage with 2 linear lobes. Upper lip single-lobes. Lobe thin, arching, to 1.4cm long, 2mm broad, simple and glandular pubescent externally, with the apex reflexed or not. Apex ciliate. Stamens 2, adnate at the apex of the corolla tube, slightly exserted from under the upper lip. Filaments white, glabrous, +1.5cm long. Anthers purplish-brown, 2.5mm long. Style filiform, +3cm long, glabrous, whitish to purple-tinged at the apex. Stigma 2-lobed. Lobes .6mm long. Ovary 4-lobed at the apex, green, glabrous, 1mm long and broad. Calyx tube to -1cm long in flower, -2mm in diameter, 13-ribbed, sparse pilose, 5-lobed. Lobes linear, needle-like, spreading, 2.5-3mm long in flower, ciliate.
Flowering - April - June.
Habitat - Rocky or dry open woods, borders of glades, railroads. Usually an acid substrata.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This little species can be found in the southeastern half of Missouri and mostly in the Ozark region of the state. The plant is the earliest of the genus to flower in Missouri. It is also the smallest of the genus. The plant is easy to ID because of its big, whitish to pink, zygomorphic flowers.
This species is very fragrant and a tea can be made from the leaves and flowers of the plant.
Steyermark had this species listed as M. russeliana Nutt. but it has been determined that M. russeliana is a different species that occurs in states to the south of Missouri.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月12日
Family - Aizoaceae
Stems - Prostrate to ascending, multiple from base, glabrous, dichotomously branched, from branched taproot, with slightly swollen nodes.
Leaves - In whorls of 4 to 8, sessile or tapering to a short petiole, spatulate to narrowly oblanceolate, entire, glabrous, to 2cm long, +4mm broad, acute, with single prominent midvein.
Inflorescence - 1-5 pedicillate flowers from each leaf axil. Pedicels to +/-10mm long, glabrous, filiform.
Flowers - Calyx lobes to 2mm long, glabrous, white internally, externally with 3 green vertical lines(united at apex) and white margins. Stamens 3, white, glabrous, 1.4mm long. Anthers yellow, to .3mm long. Ovary of 3 united carpels, globose, superior, glabrous, green. Placentation axile. Styles to .4mm long. Capsule to 2.2mm long, ovoid, many seeded. Seeds brown, shiny, reniform, .6mm broad.
Flowering - May - November.
Habitat - Waste ground, disturbed sites, glades, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to Central and South America.
Other info. - This miniature weed can be found throughout Missouri and much of the U.S.
The plant is simple to ID in the field because of its whorled leaves, pedicillate flowers, and prostrate nature. Although the plant is typically found as a small specimen, it is quite capable of forming a large mat.
Some authors place the plant in another family, the Molluginaceae.
Stems - Prostrate to ascending, multiple from base, glabrous, dichotomously branched, from branched taproot, with slightly swollen nodes.
Leaves - In whorls of 4 to 8, sessile or tapering to a short petiole, spatulate to narrowly oblanceolate, entire, glabrous, to 2cm long, +4mm broad, acute, with single prominent midvein.
Inflorescence - 1-5 pedicillate flowers from each leaf axil. Pedicels to +/-10mm long, glabrous, filiform.
Flowers - Calyx lobes to 2mm long, glabrous, white internally, externally with 3 green vertical lines(united at apex) and white margins. Stamens 3, white, glabrous, 1.4mm long. Anthers yellow, to .3mm long. Ovary of 3 united carpels, globose, superior, glabrous, green. Placentation axile. Styles to .4mm long. Capsule to 2.2mm long, ovoid, many seeded. Seeds brown, shiny, reniform, .6mm broad.
Flowering - May - November.
Habitat - Waste ground, disturbed sites, glades, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to Central and South America.
Other info. - This miniature weed can be found throughout Missouri and much of the U.S.
The plant is simple to ID in the field because of its whorled leaves, pedicillate flowers, and prostrate nature. Although the plant is typically found as a small specimen, it is quite capable of forming a large mat.
Some authors place the plant in another family, the Molluginaceae.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月12日
Family - Loganiaceae
Stems - No info. yet.
Leaves - No info. yet.
Flowering - June - November.
Habitat - Swamps and wet shores of ponds, streams, and ditches.
Origin - Native to the U.S. and Central America.
Other info. - This small plant is rare in Missouri and reaches the northwest corner of its geographical range in the boot-heel of the state. The plant is very easy to ID in the field because of its spreading inflorescences, tiny white flowers, and 2-carpellate fruits. It is much more prevalent in states to the southeast of Missouri.
Stems - No info. yet.
Leaves - No info. yet.
Flowering - June - November.
Habitat - Swamps and wet shores of ponds, streams, and ditches.
Origin - Native to the U.S. and Central America.
Other info. - This small plant is rare in Missouri and reaches the northwest corner of its geographical range in the boot-heel of the state. The plant is very easy to ID in the field because of its spreading inflorescences, tiny white flowers, and 2-carpellate fruits. It is much more prevalent in states to the southeast of Missouri.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月12日
Family - Rubiaceae
Stems - No info. yet.
Leaves - No info. yet.
Inflorescence - No info. yet.
Flowers - No info. yet.
Flowering - May - July.
Habitat - Acid soils along moist edges and bluffs of sandstone, sandy streambanks, in sphagnum moss, sandy bogs, low moist woods.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This well known species can be found in the extreme eastern portion of the state. The plant is much more common in states to the east. M. repens produces the familiar red berries that can be seen on the forest floor throughout the winter. The berries, combined with the creeping stems and opposite, deep green leaves make this species easy tp identify in the field.
Stems - No info. yet.
Leaves - No info. yet.
Inflorescence - No info. yet.
Flowers - No info. yet.
Flowering - May - July.
Habitat - Acid soils along moist edges and bluffs of sandstone, sandy streambanks, in sphagnum moss, sandy bogs, low moist woods.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This well known species can be found in the extreme eastern portion of the state. The plant is much more common in states to the east. M. repens produces the familiar red berries that can be seen on the forest floor throughout the winter. The berries, combined with the creeping stems and opposite, deep green leaves make this species easy tp identify in the field.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月12日
Family - Asteraceae
Stems - No info. yet.
Leaves - No info. yet.
Involucre - No info. yet.
Ray flowers - Absent.
Disk flowers - No info. yet.
Flowering - July - October.
Habitat - Swampy woods, ditches, fence rows, pond margins.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This vining species can be found in the southeast corner of Missouri. The plant is very easy to identify in the field because of its vining habit, opposite, sagittate leaves, and umbels of whitish flower heads. This is a weedy species which can grow very long very quickly. It is probably not the best choice to plant around a water garden. The plant is, however, frequently visited by many different types of flying insects. The genus Mikania is a large cosmopolitan genus confined mostly to the tropics.
Stems - No info. yet.
Leaves - No info. yet.
Involucre - No info. yet.
Ray flowers - Absent.
Disk flowers - No info. yet.
Flowering - July - October.
Habitat - Swampy woods, ditches, fence rows, pond margins.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This vining species can be found in the southeast corner of Missouri. The plant is very easy to identify in the field because of its vining habit, opposite, sagittate leaves, and umbels of whitish flower heads. This is a weedy species which can grow very long very quickly. It is probably not the best choice to plant around a water garden. The plant is, however, frequently visited by many different types of flying insects. The genus Mikania is a large cosmopolitan genus confined mostly to the tropics.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月12日
Family - Lamiaceae
Stems - To .75m tall, glabrous, 4-angled, from creeping rhizomes.
Leaves - Opposite, sessile or on very short petioles, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, toothed, to +7cm long, 3cm wide, glabrous above, glabrous or very sparsely pubescent below, very fragrant.
Inflorescence - Terminal spike of floral whorls (verticillasters). Bracts accompanying clusters linear, not longer than clusters.
Flowers - Corolla white to light lavender (lilac), 2-3mm long, 4-lobed, regular. Calyx 1.5-2mm long, 5-lobed, pubescent.
Flowering - June - October.
Habitat - Moist to wet ground.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This is the familiar "Spearmint" used to flavor teas, candies, and other products. The leaves give off the very distinctive scent when crushed.
The plant is a vigorous grower and is cultivated worldwide. It can be easily grown by the home gardener if moist soil is provided.
Stems - To .75m tall, glabrous, 4-angled, from creeping rhizomes.
Leaves - Opposite, sessile or on very short petioles, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, toothed, to +7cm long, 3cm wide, glabrous above, glabrous or very sparsely pubescent below, very fragrant.
Inflorescence - Terminal spike of floral whorls (verticillasters). Bracts accompanying clusters linear, not longer than clusters.
Flowers - Corolla white to light lavender (lilac), 2-3mm long, 4-lobed, regular. Calyx 1.5-2mm long, 5-lobed, pubescent.
Flowering - June - October.
Habitat - Moist to wet ground.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This is the familiar "Spearmint" used to flavor teas, candies, and other products. The leaves give off the very distinctive scent when crushed.
The plant is a vigorous grower and is cultivated worldwide. It can be easily grown by the home gardener if moist soil is provided.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月12日
Family - Asclepiadaceae
Stems - Twining, climbing, herbaceous, brownish, with milky sap, hirsute and with glandular pubescence (some hairs with swollen glandular bases), from thickened roots.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate. Petiole 5-6cm long, with same pubescence as stem. Blade to +/-13cm long. +/-10cm broad, broadly ovate to orbicular, cordate, entire, acute to acuminate, scabrous above from swollen pubescence, appearing punctate because of swollen hairs.
Inflorescence - Axillary umbellate cymes with +15 flowers. Peduncles to 6cm long. Pedicels to +2cm long. Peduncles and pedicels with same pubescence as stem.
Flowers - Corolla white, 5-lobed. Lobes twisting, +/-1.2cm long, 2-3mm broad, with same pubescence as stem externally, glabrous internally, blunt to slightly emarginate. Corona 5-lobed. Lobes to .5mm long, alternating with appendages. Appendages to .8mm long, often bifurcate. Pollinia minute, +/-.1mm broad, .3mm long, with dark reddish-brown translator. Anther head discoid, +/-1.3mm broad (diameter). Calyx 5-lobed. Lobes 3-4mm long, lanceolate, spreading to slightly recurved, densely brown glandular. Follicles to 9cm long, tuberculate. Seeds ovate, to 9mm long. Coma to +3cm long, tan.
Flowering - May - June.
Habitat - Moist ground of rocky open woods and thickets. Also on glades.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is one of 4 species of the genus found in Missouri. This plant prefers moist ground and is found mostly in the southwest corner of the state.
This is an easy species to identify becasue of its opposite leaves, pubescent stems, and white flowers. The flowers have twisted petals.
Stems - Twining, climbing, herbaceous, brownish, with milky sap, hirsute and with glandular pubescence (some hairs with swollen glandular bases), from thickened roots.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate. Petiole 5-6cm long, with same pubescence as stem. Blade to +/-13cm long. +/-10cm broad, broadly ovate to orbicular, cordate, entire, acute to acuminate, scabrous above from swollen pubescence, appearing punctate because of swollen hairs.
Inflorescence - Axillary umbellate cymes with +15 flowers. Peduncles to 6cm long. Pedicels to +2cm long. Peduncles and pedicels with same pubescence as stem.
Flowers - Corolla white, 5-lobed. Lobes twisting, +/-1.2cm long, 2-3mm broad, with same pubescence as stem externally, glabrous internally, blunt to slightly emarginate. Corona 5-lobed. Lobes to .5mm long, alternating with appendages. Appendages to .8mm long, often bifurcate. Pollinia minute, +/-.1mm broad, .3mm long, with dark reddish-brown translator. Anther head discoid, +/-1.3mm broad (diameter). Calyx 5-lobed. Lobes 3-4mm long, lanceolate, spreading to slightly recurved, densely brown glandular. Follicles to 9cm long, tuberculate. Seeds ovate, to 9mm long. Coma to +3cm long, tan.
Flowering - May - June.
Habitat - Moist ground of rocky open woods and thickets. Also on glades.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is one of 4 species of the genus found in Missouri. This plant prefers moist ground and is found mostly in the southwest corner of the state.
This is an easy species to identify becasue of its opposite leaves, pubescent stems, and white flowers. The flowers have twisted petals.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月12日
Family - Lamiaceae
Stems - No info. yet.
Leaves - No info. yet.
Inflorescence - No info. yet.
Flowering - July - October.
Habitat - Wet ground of meadows, low woods, thickets, swamps, sloughs, ditches, oxbow lakes, and river flood plains.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This species can be found scattered throughout much of Missouri but is mostly absent from the central Ozark region. The plant can be identified by its small white flowers (which are in clusters in the leaf axils), its square stems, and its leaves (which abruptly taper to the base). Plants of this genus lack any minty fragrance.
Stems - No info. yet.
Leaves - No info. yet.
Inflorescence - No info. yet.
Flowering - July - October.
Habitat - Wet ground of meadows, low woods, thickets, swamps, sloughs, ditches, oxbow lakes, and river flood plains.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This species can be found scattered throughout much of Missouri but is mostly absent from the central Ozark region. The plant can be identified by its small white flowers (which are in clusters in the leaf axils), its square stems, and its leaves (which abruptly taper to the base). Plants of this genus lack any minty fragrance.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月12日
Family - Lamiaceae
Stems - To 1m tall, erect, branching, 4-angled, herbaceous, from fibrous roots and horizontal rhizomes, glabrous except for tufts of hairs at nodes in leaf axils, with rounded angles, hollow, with single vertical groove on each flat side of the stem.
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, sessile or short-petiolate, pinnately lobed below, becoming nearly entire near tip of stem, to +/-12cm long, 7cm broad, glabrous or sometimes scabrous near base of blade, opposite leaves connected by a thin hairy strip of tissue which encircles the stem.
Inflorescence - Verticillasters in the upper 2/3 of the stem. Each cluster of a leaf axil with +/-20 flowers. Flowers sessile.
Flowers - Corolla whitish, to 3mm long, glabrous externally, with dense tufts of hairs near apex of tube internally, subequally 4-lobed. The lobes rounded, -1mm long. Stamens 2, exserted, adnate at apex of corolla tube. Filaments to 2mm long, white, glabrous. Anthers pale yellow or with a purplish tinge, .4mm broad. Style exserted, to 3mm long, white, glabrous, expanded slightly at base. Stigma 2-lobed, often with a purplish tinge. Ovary 4-lobed. The lobes deep purple with whitish glands at apex. Calyx green, glabrous, the tube to 1mm long, 5-lobed (weakly bilabiate). Lobes acuminate, to 1.3mm long, the lower 4 with minute teeth on their margins. The single upper lobe (tooth) shallowly notched at the apex.
Flowering - June - October.
Habitat - Moist to wet locations.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is a common plant along pond, lake, and stream margins. The plant typically has green stems but if grown in harsh conditions the stems will become reddish-brown. Although this plant is in the mint family it has no minty odor. The leaves and small white clusters of flowers make this species easy to ID in the field.
Stems - To 1m tall, erect, branching, 4-angled, herbaceous, from fibrous roots and horizontal rhizomes, glabrous except for tufts of hairs at nodes in leaf axils, with rounded angles, hollow, with single vertical groove on each flat side of the stem.
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, sessile or short-petiolate, pinnately lobed below, becoming nearly entire near tip of stem, to +/-12cm long, 7cm broad, glabrous or sometimes scabrous near base of blade, opposite leaves connected by a thin hairy strip of tissue which encircles the stem.
Inflorescence - Verticillasters in the upper 2/3 of the stem. Each cluster of a leaf axil with +/-20 flowers. Flowers sessile.
Flowers - Corolla whitish, to 3mm long, glabrous externally, with dense tufts of hairs near apex of tube internally, subequally 4-lobed. The lobes rounded, -1mm long. Stamens 2, exserted, adnate at apex of corolla tube. Filaments to 2mm long, white, glabrous. Anthers pale yellow or with a purplish tinge, .4mm broad. Style exserted, to 3mm long, white, glabrous, expanded slightly at base. Stigma 2-lobed, often with a purplish tinge. Ovary 4-lobed. The lobes deep purple with whitish glands at apex. Calyx green, glabrous, the tube to 1mm long, 5-lobed (weakly bilabiate). Lobes acuminate, to 1.3mm long, the lower 4 with minute teeth on their margins. The single upper lobe (tooth) shallowly notched at the apex.
Flowering - June - October.
Habitat - Moist to wet locations.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is a common plant along pond, lake, and stream margins. The plant typically has green stems but if grown in harsh conditions the stems will become reddish-brown. Although this plant is in the mint family it has no minty odor. The leaves and small white clusters of flowers make this species easy to ID in the field.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月12日
Family - Caryophyllaceae
Stems - To +70cm tall, herbaceous, erect to decumbent, branching, fistulose, densely pubescent to hirsute, from a taproot, purplish in strong sun.
Leaves - Opposite. Basal leaves petiolate, spatulate. Cauline leaves sessile, oblong to lanceolate above, acute, to +/-10cm long, +/-2.5cm broad, hirsutulous above and below, slightly scabrous above. Margins entire, sometimes undulate or crisped. At least the upper leaves connected at base by a thin membrane sheath.
Inflorescence - One to many flowers in an open dichasium. Pedicels(of pistillate plants) elongating in fruit to +/-4cm long. Pedicels of both sex plants often purplish, glandular pubescent. Flowers opening at night, fragrant. Male (staminate) and female (pistillate) flowers appearing on different plants (dioecious).
Flowers - Petals 5, white, clawed (the claws greenish-white and glabrous), auriculate, to +1cm long, +5mm broad, cleft to the middle, distinct. Stamens 10, typically included. Styles 5, barely exserted, white, glandular pubescent, ribbonlike in apical 1/2. Pistillate calyx becoming inflated, with 20 nerves - 10 bold and 10 faint. Tube to 1.5cm long, hirsutulous to hirsute and glandular pubescent externally, glabrous internally, with 5 lobes. Lobes lanceolate, to 5mm long, 2mm broad at base, hirsutulous to hirsute. Staminate calyx tube slightly shorter than pistillate and with 10 nerves and same pubescence as pistillate calyx. Ovary green, 7mm long, 3mm in diameter, cylindrical, glabrous. Capsule green, ovoid, to 1cm in diameter, 1.5cm long, glabrous, unilocular, with 5 teeth. Teeth each divided and appearing as 10 teeth total. Placentation free-central. Seeds many, brownish to blackish, to 1.2mm long, symmetrically tuberculate.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - Fields, waste ground, disturbed sites, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This little plant is not extremely common in Missouri yet but is becoming widespread. The flowers open at night and have a pleasant fragrance for attracting flying insects.
This species closely resembles Silene noctiflora L. which also blooms at night and has very similar characteristics. The two plants can be distinguished in the fact that L. alba is a dioecious species, has 5 styles, and has a capsule with 5 teeth (which appear as ten) at the apex. S. noctiflora is monoecious, has 3 styles, and has 6 teeth on the capsule. S. noctiflora is much less common in Missouri than L. alba.
A synonym for L. alba is Silene pratensis (Raf.) Godr. & Gren.
Stems - To +70cm tall, herbaceous, erect to decumbent, branching, fistulose, densely pubescent to hirsute, from a taproot, purplish in strong sun.
Leaves - Opposite. Basal leaves petiolate, spatulate. Cauline leaves sessile, oblong to lanceolate above, acute, to +/-10cm long, +/-2.5cm broad, hirsutulous above and below, slightly scabrous above. Margins entire, sometimes undulate or crisped. At least the upper leaves connected at base by a thin membrane sheath.
Inflorescence - One to many flowers in an open dichasium. Pedicels(of pistillate plants) elongating in fruit to +/-4cm long. Pedicels of both sex plants often purplish, glandular pubescent. Flowers opening at night, fragrant. Male (staminate) and female (pistillate) flowers appearing on different plants (dioecious).
Flowers - Petals 5, white, clawed (the claws greenish-white and glabrous), auriculate, to +1cm long, +5mm broad, cleft to the middle, distinct. Stamens 10, typically included. Styles 5, barely exserted, white, glandular pubescent, ribbonlike in apical 1/2. Pistillate calyx becoming inflated, with 20 nerves - 10 bold and 10 faint. Tube to 1.5cm long, hirsutulous to hirsute and glandular pubescent externally, glabrous internally, with 5 lobes. Lobes lanceolate, to 5mm long, 2mm broad at base, hirsutulous to hirsute. Staminate calyx tube slightly shorter than pistillate and with 10 nerves and same pubescence as pistillate calyx. Ovary green, 7mm long, 3mm in diameter, cylindrical, glabrous. Capsule green, ovoid, to 1cm in diameter, 1.5cm long, glabrous, unilocular, with 5 teeth. Teeth each divided and appearing as 10 teeth total. Placentation free-central. Seeds many, brownish to blackish, to 1.2mm long, symmetrically tuberculate.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - Fields, waste ground, disturbed sites, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This little plant is not extremely common in Missouri yet but is becoming widespread. The flowers open at night and have a pleasant fragrance for attracting flying insects.
This species closely resembles Silene noctiflora L. which also blooms at night and has very similar characteristics. The two plants can be distinguished in the fact that L. alba is a dioecious species, has 5 styles, and has a capsule with 5 teeth (which appear as ten) at the apex. S. noctiflora is monoecious, has 3 styles, and has 6 teeth on the capsule. S. noctiflora is much less common in Missouri than L. alba.
A synonym for L. alba is Silene pratensis (Raf.) Godr. & Gren.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月12日
Family - Caprifoliaceae
Stems - Woody, multiple from base. A shrub to +5m tall, erect. New seasons growth tomentose. Twigs tomentose, typically hollow.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate, simple. Petioles to +/-6mm long, tomentose. Blades ovate-lanceolate, acute to acuminate, entire, to +/-9cm long, +/-4cm broad, typically glabrous adaxially but sometimes with pubescence on midrib, pubescent abaxially especially on veins. Margins ciliolate.
Inflorescence - Axillary pedunculate paired flowers. Peduncles +/-3mm long, pubescent, with a pair of small bracts at the joint in the peduncle. Bracts to 3mm long, linear, ciliate. Pair of bracts subtending the calyx and ovary to 1.7mm long, rounded, ciliate-margined, green, pubescent.
Flowers - Corolla white when fresh, fading to a yellowish-white when older, often with some pinkish tinge at base of tube. Corolla tube to 9mm long, 2-3mm in diameter, tomentose externally, pubescent internally. Corolla bilabiate. Lower lip single-lobed. Lobe to +1.5cm long, 4mm broad, rounded at apex, glabrous internally, tomentose externally. Upper lip 4-lobed. Lobes to +1.5cm long, rounded at apex, pubescent externally, glabrous internally. Stamens 5, exserted, alternating with the corolla lobes, adnate at apex of corolla tube. Filaments to 1.1cm long, pubescent at base, glabrous near apex, white. Anthers yellow, to 6mm long, 1.2mm broad. Style white, 1.6cm long, pubescent, exserted. Stigma green, capitate. Ovary inferior, green, 3-locular, 1.5mm in diameter, sub-globose. Placentation axile. Calyx tube +/-1.5mm long, 5-lobed, pubescent, green. Lobes unequal, shallow, +/-1mm long, acute, greenish-white. Fruits red, 2-4mm in diameter, glabrous, fleshy.
Flowering - April - June.
Habitat - Disturbed sites, thickets, roadsides, railroads, woodland borders.
Origin - Native to Asia.
Other info. - This nasty and aggressive species was brought to North America in 1855 as an ornamental. It has since spread rapidly and is found over much of the eastern half of the U.S. from Kansas east. The berries are eaten by birds which helps the plant spread rapidly. There are other species of bush honeysuckles in Missouri but this is the most aggressive and common.
Stems - Woody, multiple from base. A shrub to +5m tall, erect. New seasons growth tomentose. Twigs tomentose, typically hollow.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate, simple. Petioles to +/-6mm long, tomentose. Blades ovate-lanceolate, acute to acuminate, entire, to +/-9cm long, +/-4cm broad, typically glabrous adaxially but sometimes with pubescence on midrib, pubescent abaxially especially on veins. Margins ciliolate.
Inflorescence - Axillary pedunculate paired flowers. Peduncles +/-3mm long, pubescent, with a pair of small bracts at the joint in the peduncle. Bracts to 3mm long, linear, ciliate. Pair of bracts subtending the calyx and ovary to 1.7mm long, rounded, ciliate-margined, green, pubescent.
Flowers - Corolla white when fresh, fading to a yellowish-white when older, often with some pinkish tinge at base of tube. Corolla tube to 9mm long, 2-3mm in diameter, tomentose externally, pubescent internally. Corolla bilabiate. Lower lip single-lobed. Lobe to +1.5cm long, 4mm broad, rounded at apex, glabrous internally, tomentose externally. Upper lip 4-lobed. Lobes to +1.5cm long, rounded at apex, pubescent externally, glabrous internally. Stamens 5, exserted, alternating with the corolla lobes, adnate at apex of corolla tube. Filaments to 1.1cm long, pubescent at base, glabrous near apex, white. Anthers yellow, to 6mm long, 1.2mm broad. Style white, 1.6cm long, pubescent, exserted. Stigma green, capitate. Ovary inferior, green, 3-locular, 1.5mm in diameter, sub-globose. Placentation axile. Calyx tube +/-1.5mm long, 5-lobed, pubescent, green. Lobes unequal, shallow, +/-1mm long, acute, greenish-white. Fruits red, 2-4mm in diameter, glabrous, fleshy.
Flowering - April - June.
Habitat - Disturbed sites, thickets, roadsides, railroads, woodland borders.
Origin - Native to Asia.
Other info. - This nasty and aggressive species was brought to North America in 1855 as an ornamental. It has since spread rapidly and is found over much of the eastern half of the U.S. from Kansas east. The berries are eaten by birds which helps the plant spread rapidly. There are other species of bush honeysuckles in Missouri but this is the most aggressive and common.
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