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Miss Chen
2018年05月06日
Miss Chen
Description: This herbaceous perennial plant is 3-8" tall and unbranched. It consists of a rather thick spike of flowers, while the leaves are reduced to scales. During the late spring this spike is cream-colored and hairless. Underneath each flower, there is an ovate scale up to ½" long that quickly turns brown. The flowers bloom during the late spring or early summer for about 3 weeks. They are densely crowded all around the spike, and begin to bloom from the bottom to the top. Each flower is about ½" long, consisting of a tubular corolla and a tubular calyx. Both the corolla and calyx are cream-colored, although the teeth of the calyx soon turn brown and wither away. The rest of the calyx wraps around the base of the corolla. The corollas of young flowers are initially semi-erect, but they spread outward from the spike with age. Each corolla has a convex upper lip that functions as a hood, while the poorly defined lower lip is smaller in size. Within the corolla, there are 4 stamens near the interior of the upper lip, and a single stout style that develops along the lower lip. Both the style and filaments of the stamens are white, while the anthers are grey. When the flowers are blooming, some of the stamens and styles may be exerted from their corolla tubes. There is no noticeable floral scent. Each flower is replaced by a seed capsule containing many small seeds; this seed capsule is longer than it is wide. As the summer progresses, the flowering spike begins to wither and becomes brown. It can persist through the winter, by which time it has become shriveled and black. The root system is parasitic on the roots of Quercus spp. (Oak Trees); the suckers of the parasitic roots cause the formation of large rounded knobs on the roots of the host tree. Because Cancer Root doesn't produce chlorophyll, it is dependent on the host tree for its nourishment. Small clusters of flowering spikes often develop from the same root system. This plant spreads to new locations by reseeding itself. Cultivation: This parasitic plant is indifferent to light levels. It requires the presence of an Oak tree or its saplings at a well-drained site where the soil is not too compacted. Range & Habitat: The native Cancer Root is an uncommon plant that has been observed in central and NE Illinois in several counties (see Distribution Map). Habitats include upland woodlands, bluffs, wooded slopes and ravines, and savannas. In all of these habitats, Quercus spp. (Oaks) are invariably present. The flowering spikes of Cancer Root often develop in areas where the leaf litter is scant. The greatest threat to local populations is the invasion of Acer saccharum (Sugar Maple) in Oak woodlands as a result of fire suppression. [图片]Faunal Associations: The pollinators of the flowers have not been described for this species to my knowledge. A related species, Orobanche uniflora (One-Flowered Broomrape), is pollinated by bumblebees. Black Bears forage on the flowering spikes of Cancer Root after they come out of hibernation. There is also some evidence that deer browse on the flowering spikes occasionally. Because it is possible that the seeds can survive passage through the gastrointestinal tract, such animals may help to disperse the seeds to new locations. Photographic Location: A bluff in Vermilion County, Illinois. Comments: This parasitic plant looks like a mutant pine cone or something from a horror movie. Its closest relatives are Orobanche spp. (Broomrapes), which are also parasitic and uncommon. The species Orobanche ludoviciana (Prairie Broomrape) has a similar appearance with thick white spikes of flowers, but the corollas of its flowers are usually tinted lavender or pale purple and they are longer (about ¾" in length). Another common name of Conopholis americana is Squawroot.
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Miss Chen
2018年05月06日
Miss Chen
Description: This perennial herbaceous plant is 2–4' tall. The central stem is light green, bluntly 4-angled with shallow channels along its sides, and usually unbranched. This stem is hairless to moderately short-pubescent. Pairs of opposite leaves occur along the entire length of the stem. These leaves are 2–6" long, 1½–4" across, usually ovate in shape, and coarsely serrate-crenate along their margins. The leaf tips are usually acute, while the leaf bases are wedge-shaped (cuneate) to rounded. The upper leaf surface is medium to dark green and hairless to sparsely short-pubescent, while the lower leaf surface is light grayish green, hairless to sparsely pubescent, and glandular-punctate (appearing like glistening dots in bright light). The narrow petioles are ½–2" long, light green, and hairless to moderately short-pubescent; sometimes the uppermost leaves are sessile or nearly so. The central stem terminates in either a spike-like raceme or pyramidal panicle of flowers (depending on the robustness of individual plants). Individual panicles are up to 8" long and 6" across, consisting of a central stalk and several lateral branches that become progressively shorter upward. These lateral branches are spreading to ascending. Both the central stalk and lateral branches of the inflorescence are light green and bluntly 4-angled with shallow channels along their sides; they are hairless to moderately short-pubescent. The inflorescence also has small green bracts that are less than 1/8" (3 mm.) long; they are narrow in shape and early-deciduous. Individual flowers are about 1/3–1/2" (8–13 mm.) long, consisting of a short-tubular to bell-shaped green calyx with 5 teeth, a two-lipped tubular corolla that is predominately cream-colored or yellow, 2 long-exserted fertile stamens, and an ovary with a slender style that is also long-exserted. The calyx is minutely pubescent and glandular-punctate; it has 2 linear-lanceolate lower teeth and 3 linear-deltate upper teeth; the lower teeth are longer than the upper teeth. The calyx also has 10 narrow longitudinal ridges that are dark green. The corolla has a narrow tubular base, but it becomes wider and more trumpet-shaped towards its mouth with 5 spreading lobes (2 upper lobes, 2 lateral lobes, and 1 lower lobe that is larger in size). The upper and lateral lobes are either oval or oval-deltate in shape, while the lower lobe is violin-shaped, mostly white, and heavily fringed along its outer lip. Sometimes there are reddish stripes or bars along the upper and middle lobes of the corolla, while either patches or stripes of faded red may occur toward the base of the lower lobe. The throat of the corolla is a little wider than tall, where there is a patch of fine white hairs. The filaments of the stamens are white, light yellow, or light greenish yellow, while the fertile anthers are either white or light yellow. The slender style is dark red and usually bent toward one of the stamens. The pedicels of the flowers are about 1/8" (3 mm.) in length or slightly longer; they are light green and short-pubescent. [图片]The blooming period occurs from mid-summer to early autumn, lasting about 3-4 weeks. Both the flowers and foliage have a lemon or citronella scent. Afterwards, the flowers are replaced by small nutlets (0-2 nutlets per flower); they develop within enlarged calyces. Individual nutlets are about 1.5 mm. across, globoid but somewhat flattened in shape, and dark brown. The root system consists of hard woody rhizomes with coarse fibrous roots. This plant often forms clonal colonies from its rhizomes. Cultivation: The preference is medium to light shade, mesic conditions, and mildly acidic soil containing humus and loam. This plant is an excellent choice for a shade garden under deciduous trees. Range & Habitat: Richweed (Collinsonia canadensis) is uncommon in east-central Illinois and southern Illinois, where this plant is native, while in the rest of the state it is absent (see Distribution Map). Illinois lies along its western-range limit; Richweed is more common further to the east. Habitats include rich woodlands, rocky upland woodlands, wooded areas in rocky river valleys, and less often elevated areas in swamps. This plant tends to occur in oak-hickory woodlands and beech-maple woodlands, especially in areas where sandstone bedrock is not far from the ground surface. [图片]Faunal Associations: Bumblebees are the primary pollinators of the flowers, where both nectar and pollen are available as floral rewards (Skinner, 1976). Several species of insects are known to feed on Richweed (Collinsonia canadensis); many of these species are monophagous or oligophagous. These insect feeders include larvae of the gall flies, Dasineura collinsoniae and Lasioptera collinsonifolia, such aphids as Hyalomyzus collinsoniae and Hyalomyzus eriobotryae, Amblycorypha rotundifolia (Round-winged Katydid), and the larvae of such Noctuid moths as Psectrotarsia herbardi (Horse-balm Sun Moth), Papaipema astuta (Yellow Stoneroot Borer Moth), Papaipema duplicatus (Dark Stoneroot Borer Moth), and Papaipema nebris (Stalk Borer Moth); see Felt (1917), Blackman & Eastop (2013), Gangwere (1961), and Natural History Museum (2010). Slugs also feed on the flowers of Richweed (personal observation, 2017). Among vertebrate animals, the seeds of this plant are eaten by the Bobwhite Quail and possibly other birds (Miller & Miller, 1999). White-tailed Deer and other mammalian herbivores usually avoid this plant as a food source. Photographic Location: A rocky woodland at the Pine Hills State Nature Preserve in west-central Indiana. [图片]Comments: This wildflower produces flowers in late summer when there is little else in bloom in shady woodlands. While bumblebees have been reported to be the primary pollinators of the flowers (Skinner, 1976), the long-exserted stamens and styles of the flowers, the white fringe of the lower lip of the corolla, and the fragrance of the flowers suggest that moths also visit the flowers for nectar. When the flowers of Richweed (Collinsonia canadensis) are in bloom, this plant is fairly easy to identify because of their distinctive appearance. Otherwise, it may be difficult to distinguish this species from other plant species that grow in woodlands, such as Scrophularia (Figwort) and Agastache (Giant Hyssop). A non-native species that is becoming invasive in wooded areas, the green-leaved form of Perilla frutescens (Beefsteak Plant), could also be confused with Richweed on the basis of its foliage. However, the flowers of the Beefsteak Plant do not have a deeply fringed lower lip nor do they have strongly exserted stamens and styles. The lemon-citronella fragrance of the foliage of Richweed, however, can be used to distinguish it from these other plants. While there are several similar-appearing Collinsonia spp. in southeastern USA, none of them occur in Illinois. Other common names of Collinsonia canadensis include Stone Root and Northern Horse Balm.
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Miss Chen
2018年05月06日
Miss Chen
Description: This wildflower is a winter annual about 4-12" tall that is unbranched. The central stem is light green, terete, and pubescent. The opposite leaves are up to 2" long and ¾" across; they are either medium green or yellowish green and either glabrous or pubescent (usually the latter). The lowest leaves are oval to orbicular with a few blunt teeth along their margins; they are smaller than the other leaves and there are petioles at their bases. The middle leaves are the largest and most conspicuous; they are oval to broadly lanceolate, often with a few blunt teeth along their margins, and their bases are either sessile or they clasp the stem. The uppermost leaves are usually lanceolate and smooth along their margins; their bases are either sessile or they clasp the stem. The central stem terminates in a whorl of 2-6 flowers on slender pedicels up to 1" long. Sometimes individual flowers develop from the axils of the upper leaves as well; these axillary flowers have slender pedicels up to 1½" long. The pedicels are light green, terete, and pubescent. Each flower is ½-¾" across, consisting of a green calyx with 5 teeth and a blue/white corolla. The calyx is light green to purplish green; it is often pubescent and its teeth are narrowly triangular in shape. The corolla is short-tubular and it is divided into upper and lower lips. The upper lip is cleft into 2 large rounded lobes that are white, while the lower lip is cleft into 3 lobes. The 2 large outer lobes of the lower lip are light blue to blue-violet and rounded, while the tiny middle lobe of the lower lip is folded into a keel and hidden from view. This middle lobe contains the stamens and style of the flower. [图片]The blooming period occurs from mid- to late spring, lasting about 3 weeks. Afterwards, each flower is replaced by an globoid-ovoid capsule that contains a few large seeds. The root system consists of a slender taproot. This plant spreads by reseeding itself; it often forms colonies of variable size. Cultivation: The preference is dappled sunlight to light shade, moist to mesic conditions, and a rich loamy soil. The size of individual plants is strongly influenced by moisture conditions and the fertility of the soil. The seeds should be planted during the summer so that they will germinate during the fall. [图片]Range & Habitat: Blue-Eyed Mary occurs occasionally in NE and east central Illinois, but it tends to be less common elsewhere (see Distribution Map). At some high quality sites around the state, it is locally abundant. Habitats include moist to mesic deciduous woodlands, wooded lower slopes of river valleys, and areas along woodland paths. Sometimes Blue-Eyed Mary occurs in drier deciduous woodlands, in which case the individual plants will be smaller in size. Even though it tolerates minor levels of disturbance, this wildflower is an indicator species of high quality woodlands. Faunal Associations: The nectar and pollen of the flowers attract honeybees, bumblebees, little carpenter bees (Ceratina spp.), long-horned bees (Synhalonia spp.), and mason bees (Osmia spp.). Less common flower visitors include dance flies (Empis spp.), the Giant Bee Fly (Bombylius major), butterflies, and skippers. Little else appears to be known about floral-faunal relationships for this species. [图片]Photographic Location: Along a path in a deciduous woodlands at Allerton Park in Piatt County, Illinois, and the wooded lower slope of a river valley at Lodge Park in the same county. Comments: The distinctive bicolored flowers are very beautiful, making Blue-Eyed Mary easy to identify. This woodland wildflower is unusual in having flowers that are close to a true blue color. The only other species in the genus that has been observed in Illinois is Collinsia violacea (Violet Collinsia). This latter wildflower is also a winter annual that has corollas with a deeper shade of purplish violet and more narrow lanceolate leaves. Violet Collinsia prefers sunnier habitats than Blue-Eyed Mary, and it is quite rare within the state, although more common in the Southern Plains region of the United States.
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Miss Chen
2018年05月06日
Miss Chen
Description: This perennial wildflower is about 3-6" tall, consisting of a flowering stem with a pair of opposite cauline leaves and some basal leaves. The stem is light green or slightly reddish green, glabrous, and rather succulent. The basal leaves and the pair of cauline leaves are linear or linear-lanceolate, slightly recurved, glabrous, smooth along the margins, and slightly fleshy. There is a single central vein along the length of each leaf. The leaves are about 2-5" long; their width varies somewhat depending on the local ecotype, but it is usually about ¼" across. The stem terminates in a floppy raceme of flowers. Each flower is about 8 mm. (1/3") across when it is fully open, consisting of 5 petals, 2 green sepals, 5 stamens with pink anthers, and a pistil with a tripartite style. The petals are white with fine pink stripes; these stripes vary from pale pink to bright pink. The flowers open up on warm sunny days, and close during cloudy weather or at night. They are more or less erect while open, but nod downward while closed. The blooming period occurs from mid- to late spring and lasts about 1-2 months. There is a pleasant floral scent. Each fertile flower produces an ovoid capsule containing several seeds; this capsule is enclosed by the 2 persistant sepals. The root system consists of a small corm and secondary roots. This wildflower spreads by reseeding itself; sometimes it forms rather loose colonies of plants. Cultivation: The preference is dappled sunlight during the spring, moist to slightly dry conditions, and a rich loamy soil with abundant organic matter. This wildflower will adapt to semi-shaded areas of lawns if mowing is delayed during the spring. Both the flowers and foliage fade away by mid-summer. The easy way to start plants is by obtaining their corms, although these are expensive to buy from nurseries. Range & Habitat: The native Spring Beauty is a common wildflower that occurs in every county of Illinois (see Distribution Map). Habitats include moist to dry deciduous woodlands, savannas, thinly wooded bluffs, city parks, old cemeteries, and lawns (particularly near trees). Less often, this species is found in mesic prairies, but it is primarily a woodland plant. Spring Beauty can survive more environmental degradation than most spring-blooming woodland species, including occasional grazing by cattle and partial clearing of trees. This is one reason why it is still common. [图片]Faunal Association: Aside from insect pollination, little is known about floral-faunal relationships. Various kinds of bees visit the flowers, include honey bees, bumblebees, little carpenter bees (Ceratina spp.), mason bees (Osmia spp.), cuckoo bees (Nomada spp.), Halictid bees (Agapostemon spp., Augochlorella spp., Halictus spp., Lasioglossum spp.), and Andrenid bees (Andrena spp.). An Andrenid bee, Andrena erigeniae, is a specialist pollinator of Spring Beauty. Many flies also visit the flowers, including Syrphid flies, the Giant Bee fly (Bombylius major), flesh flies (Sarcophagidae), and Calliphorid flies. Less often, various butterflies and skippers visit the flowers. These insects usually seek nectar, although some of the bees also collect pollen. The corms of Spring Beauty are dug up and eaten by some small rodents, including the White-Footed Mouse and Eastern Chipmunk (Martin et al., 1951/1961; Wrazen & Svendsen, 1978). The foliage is browsed sparingly by White-Tailed Deer (Augustine, 1997). While the corms of Spring Beauty can be eaten by humans as well, their small size makes this rather impractical. [图片]Photographic Location: Busey Woods and an old cemetery in Urbana, Illinois. Comments: This attractive wildflower is a sure sign that spring has arrived and that the local woodlands are full of wildflowers. When Spring Beauty and these other wildflowers are conspicuously absent from a woodlands, this indicates that it has been subjected to severe degradation from plows or bulldozers at some point in the past. In Illinois, Spring Beauty is a unique member of the Purslane family that is easy to distinguish from other wildflowers. Look for pink-stripes, whether pale or bright, on the petals of the flowers, and only 2 sepals underneath. In southeastern and other parts of the United States, there is a closely related wildflower, Claytonia carolina (Carolina Beauty). This latter species has a similar appearance to Spring Beauty, but it doesn't occur in Illinois. The leaves of Carolina Beauty are usually broader than those of Spring Beauty.
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权问薇
2018年05月06日
权问薇
仙人球日常养护技巧 仙人球对于生长环境要求不大，但是想要仙人球开花，就要在光照、水肥、土壤等方面下足功夫。 1、光照温度 仙人球对于光照的要求非常高，想要仙人球开花，必须要有充足的光照环境，放在有太阳直射的南阳台或室外。 仙人球的最佳生长温度在20～35℃之间，春季养护注意保证空气流通，放于通风好的阳台窗边。 [图片]2、水肥 春季，仙人球进入生长的旺盛期，需水量大，大约一个月浇一次水。浇水不要喷洒，一定要从根部浇水，否则容易烂球。 每隔20天施肥1次，选择在晴天的清晨或傍晚时分进行。若盆土较干燥时，在盆土洒点水再施肥，第二天早晨浇1次透水，效果更佳。  3、土壤 盆栽仙人球可用腐叶土、园土和粗沙各3份，再加草木灰1份混匀配制的培养土。 上盆、换盆最好在早春进行。上盆时，盆底垫一层约3厘米厚的碎瓦片或砾石，以利排水。 [图片]仙人球换盆修根 1、选盆 种植仙人球宜选用红陶盆、瓦盆等透水透气比较好的花盆。 尽可能选用小盆，少土，这样盆土易干根部容易处于温暖环境中，有利于根部生长。 2、配土 可采用普通土、泥炭土或腐叶土、粗砂按照5:3:2的比例进行配制，另外加入少量的消石灰增加排水性和透气性。 将赤玉土、椰糠土、煤渣、河沙按照2:2:3:3进行配制也可。 3、修根 1、备齐工具 准备好多菌灵、剪刀、镊子、毛刷、刀子等。 [图片]2、脱盆清理 将盆反过来托住，轻轻抖动，直到盆土松动后取出仙人球，轻轻扫去大部分的泥土。 [图片]3、修剪晾干 用剪刀把大部分须根剪掉，修剪顺序按照从根部往上修剪，然后晾干，大约3-5天。 [图片]4、杀菌上盆 用棉签在修剪部位刷上一层多菌灵粉末，然后重新埋入土中。 [图片]5、后期管理 上盆后不要放在阳光直射的地方，选择阴凉通风处。 7天后用1-2cm高度的水位浸盆15秒，再过7天后就可以正常管理了。 [图片]
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权问薇
2018年05月06日
权问薇
月季的扦插 1、花泥扦插法： ①倾斜45°剪下健壮的月季枝10~15cm，至少有2个节点，保留2~3片叶子，其余的剪掉。 [图片]②准备花泥，就是平时用来插花的底部材料，也可以是海绵。把它剪成3~5cm的长方体小块，然后浸水。 ③把修剪好的月季枝条插进花泥块中。 ④插好之后，把所有的扦插枝条放在一个大的盆子中直立，盆中加入2~3cm的水，保持水分充足。 [图片]⑤给盆子盖上透明的盖子或者塑料薄膜，放在有散射光且通风的地方。 ⑥2周左右，月季会生根，到时候就可以小心地把花泥拆开，保护好根系，也可以保留花泥或者海绵，一起上盆。 ⑦移栽上盆之后的月季肯定又会花开爆盆啦！ [图片]2、水瓶扦插法： ①准备扦插的月季枝条，至少两个节点，多余的叶子剪掉，以免浪费营养。 ②准备干净透明的塑料瓶。 ③把扦插枝条叶子朝上放入塑料瓶中，底部加一些水，能没过切口1cm即可，然后拧上瓶盖，放在家里有散射光的地方。 [图片]④每天换水，2周以后基本就能生根了。 ⑤生根之后把扦插枝条移栽上盆即可。 蓝雪花的扦插 1、夹心扦插法： ①准备好蓝雪花的枝条（至少带一对叶片）、育苗器（底部有吸水孔 ） 、泥炭土、蛭石和5号电池。 [图片]②把电池立在育苗盒中央，然后在周围添上泥炭土，压实之后把电池拿出，就会形成一个中空的空间。 ③在形成的洞中填入蛭石。 ④把蓝雪的枝条插进中间有蛭石的部分，浇透水。 [图片]⑤依次把育苗盒填满，然后放入另一较大的盆中，在大盆里加水， 水的表面不超过育苗盒高度的一半。 ⑥盖上透明盖子或者包上塑料膜，放在阳光不直射且通风的地方，这样能够加速生根。 ⑦不出一个周蓝雪就能生根。这种方法避免了直接用营养素容易黑腐的弊端，移栽上盆的时候可以直接带土移盆，非常方便。 [图片]2、珍珠岩扦插法： ①准备好几只一次性塑料杯和扦插所需要的蓝雪枝条。 ②准备适量的珍珠岩，完全用珍珠岩，不用其他介质。 ③珍珠岩装到塑料杯中大概半杯满，然后把扦插枝条插进珍珠岩中，往杯中浇水，水刚好不没过珍珠岩即可。 [图片]④插好之后盖上塑料薄膜，保温保湿，加速生根。 ⑤这种方法生根也很快，但是温度高的时候要注意放在稍微阴凉的地方，否则容易烂掉。 ⑥生根之后就可以移栽上盆了，新土可以用腐叶土和珍珠岩2:1配制，珍珠岩可以重复利用。 [图片]长春花的扦插 1、鱼缸底砂扦插法： ①挑选相对较细的鱼缸底砂，放在泡沫保温箱中或者比较大的容器中，用多菌灵或者清水清洗几遍，杀菌消毒。 ②往箱子中倒入稀释过的高锰酸钾溶液，稀释程度就是土中淡紫色即可，高锰酸钾溶液刚刚没过鱼缸底砂就行。 ③剪下健壮的长春花枝条8~10cm，保留2~3片叶子，有没有花都可以。 [图片]④把扦插枝条插进鱼缸底砂中，注意枝条之间的间隙不要过密。然后把保温箱放在有散射光的地方就可以了。 ⑤两周之后，长春花就能生根了，这种方法的成活率很高。 ⑥生根之后就可以把长春花的小苗移栽上盆了。 [图片]2、保姆扦插法： ①选择一盆健康的花作为“保姆花”，我们这里就选择原来的这盆长春花。 ②准备好要扦插的长春花枝，根据保姆花盆的大小决定扦插枝条的多少。 ③把长春花枝条插到“保姆花”的花盆中，注意要插到空隙比较大的地方，否则长大以后不容易分开。 [图片]④这种方法的好处在于，可以借助正常花的生长条件直接培育扦插枝条，不用太费心，很方便，成活率也高。 茉莉的扦插 1、土培扦插： ①选择健壮的茉莉花枝，剪下5~10cm，上面保留一对叶片，叶片可以剪掉1/2或者2/3，这样可以减少水分的蒸发。 ②准备土培的容器，普通塑料瓶就可以，剪去头部1/3，再在平底钻几个窟窿，排水透气。 [图片]③培养介质用纯蛭石，成活率100%，生根非常快！ ④把蛭石添到塑料瓶中，然后插入茉莉扦插枝条，浇透水，放在太阳不直射且通风的地方。 ⑤一周左右，茉莉就能生根，速度快到你不敢相信！ [图片]2、水培扦插： ①水培的瓶子就选择透光的就可以，透明的瓶子有利于我们观察生根情况。 ②茉莉枝放入瓶中，加水刚好能没过根部即可，注意随时加水， 不能断水，一般2周之后就能生根。 ③生根之后，把茉莉枝移栽上盆即可，到了花期，就又有一盆香香的茉莉啦！ [图片]矮牵牛的扦插 ①挑几个比较健壮的矮牵牛枝，上面有2~3个节点即可，长度保证5~8cm。 ②扦插介质用泥炭土，放到培养容器中压实。 ③用剪子或者筷子插一个洞，以便于把矮牵牛枝栽进土中，不损伤到枝条。 [图片]④把扦插枝依次插好，再把周围的土压实，保证枝条不歪倒。 ⑤浇透水之后在容器上盖一层保鲜膜，放在有散射光且通风的地方，不要时不时地揭开保鲜膜观察情况，这样很容易扦插失败。 ⑥两周以后，矮牵牛基本就会生根。 [图片]⑦为了之后的茁壮成长，要把小苗移到大的花盆中进行养护。矮牵牛特别好养，一个月就爆盆啦！
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哪有君~
2019年04月29日
0
不买，到哪里去剪枝呢？
黑girl
2018年05月11日
1
这些植物，现在5月份也可以按照这些方法生根么？
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韩塞
2018年05月06日
韩塞
[图片]花为什么会烂根 花花草草黄叶、掉叶、掉花、打蔫这些情况真是太常见了，很多花友都不敢相信，这就是烂根的信号 烂根的原因也非常明确，大家来看看自己有没有中招吧： [图片]1、浇水过多 浇水过多是最直接的原因，有些花友太勤快，今天浇，明天还浇，花明明已经喝饱了，剩余的水在花盆里泡着根，不烂才怪啊 2、盆土不疏松 花土压的太实、太紧，根在里面都不透气儿，本来就憋气快不行了，再浇点水，只能是“火上浇油” 3、根伤了 很多新买的花容易出现烂根的现象，其实根已经伤了，新盆栽一般先在苗圃里分株，分株带伤后买回去只能是伤痕累累 4、位置不通风 通风的环境有利于水分的蒸发，花吸收剩下的水就不用担心了，有些花友放在角落里，真的是“置于死地”咯 烂根后怎么办 茶花、茉莉、桂花、木本月季、发财树、栀子等等的烂根表现和处理方式大致一样，花花这里就以茶花为例吧 [图片]1、烂根的表现 根和花、叶都是一体的，当叶子耷拉发蔫、花无故掉落、叶子也掉了，这些都是根出了问题 2、挖出检查、清理烂根 怀疑烂根就赶紧挖出来看看，小心把根部多余的土清理掉（可以用水冲掉），白色根一般是健康的，黑色、软烂的都是坏掉的 把腐烂的根剔除，不管大小根系一直剪到新鲜的根部为止，清理完泡上20分钟多菌灵溶液杀菌 如果90%以上的根都烂了，就直接剁掉根部，只要木质花杆，泡生根水生根吧，根据花的种类，20-30天左右生根 3、换土再种 再次栽种需要用比较疏松的土，普通园土混合沙子就非常好，为了杀菌可以先用开水淋一下，晾晾再用 4、后续浇水与光照 重新栽盆后浇透水，放在阴凉通风的地方，避免暴晒，大概5-8天缓和后再搬到阳台缓晒 怎样避免烂根 [图片]
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权问薇
2018年05月06日
权问薇
栀子 栀子养的好，能开不少花，前前后后的花苞，怎么说也可以开大半个月，花花说到这儿，你可能会纳闷：我家的怎么开不了这么多呢？ [图片]栀子不开花、开花慢、开花少可能是下面这几种情况： 1、光照不够 特别是养了1-2年的栀子，这都春末了还没见开花，到底是咋回事？花花解答：光照不够！ 栀子虽然喜阴，可以在室内养，但是越冬后结花苞需要充足的光照，春天太阳不算猛，赶紧把栀子挪到阳光处晒一晒 2、土壤碱化 养1年以上的栀子会因为花土变碱了不开花，栀子喜欢酸性土，有些地区的水土偏碱，浇着浇着就碱化了 给栀子浇水时，自来水最好沉淀几天再浇 也可以在自来水中加上几滴醋（水和醋1000:3的比例），1个月浇2-3次就行，下图就是浇了醋水的前后对比 有些花友家的环境比较好，可以接雨水来浇，雨水呈酸性，沉淀几天后浇栀子再好不过了~ 3、修剪不够 一些花友觉得栀子长的慢，也不管它，最后乱枝丛生，消耗掉很多营养，都不够开花啦 每年5-7月开花后或者12月以后进入休眠期时可以修剪栀子，把细枝的稍剪掉，一枝保留3个芽点就行，剪完放在通风的地方愈合，或者涂抹多菌灵消毒 除了剪枝外一般的细叶栀子还可以掐心、剪掉残花 残花也可以剪掉，注意剪断位置在花柄木质化的部分 修剪后的栀子长势更好，营养更集中，自然花苞多，开花大 4、病虫害 栀子上容易出现青虫、红蜘蛛、蚧壳虫，别看虫子小，一天不管它，就能蔓延起来，真是让人头皮发麻！ 出现青虫就直接用筷子夹掉 如果是红蜘蛛、蚧壳虫，可以把花盆用大袋子套起来，里面点上驱虫蚊香，不用整盘烧完，熏个20分钟就差不多了 虫子比较少的话可以直接拿喷水壶喷掉 为了预防滋生小虫，栀子最好放在通风的地方，盆土不要积水，要浇水就看土干了再浇啦 月季 月季一条枝正常可以开5-6多花，看到大神养的月季总感觉它就是个“开花机器”，做好下面几点，咱们家的也能养成这样！ [图片]1、上够肥 月季喜肥，开花多必然要足够的肥才行，平常我们市面上可以买到缓释肥、催花肥、复合肥，按照说明使用更加省事儿 咱还可以利用家里的资源，自制花肥，效果也是杠杠滴 淘米水、黄豆水沤上3-4周就可以兑水浇花啦（1:2000的配比） 瓜果皮混土里密封沤上1个月，沤熟后每10天往花土里掺上10-20克就行咯 有条件的可以弄点鸡粪、羊粪混在花土中，旺到不行啦 2、晒足阳光 月季喜光，最好全天日晒，越晒花开的越旺咯。除了露天养，我们还可以在南阳台上种，如果家中有采光好的窗台也可以种 3、虫病防治 月季容易招虫生病，白粉病、切叶蜂、蚜虫等等严重影响打苞开花，赶紧杀杀杀！ 如果发现的早，虫不多就直接捏死，或者用喷水壶喷掉。虫集中在某枝上可以直接剪掉，多的话可以喷吡虫啉溶液来杀虫 对于切叶蜂，可以在月季附近放上黏虫板，大虫小虫统统黏住！ 温度渐渐升高，虫子更容易滋生，我们可以提前预防，在浇水时注意清洗一下叶片，保持干净~ 4、修剪盲枝 营养不足时，月季容易出盲枝、盲芽 盲枝盲芽不会长成有用的枝干，所以要及时剪掉保存营养，不过剪的时候要保留下面的芽点 枝干上的盲芽要摘掉，这样月季主杆才能越长越壮，集中营养打苞开花！ [图片]
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权问薇
2018年05月06日
权问薇
茶花卡接，迅速养成老桩 茶花的嫁接方法有好几种，花花给大家介绍卡接法，卡接法相比其他嫁接方法，成活率超高，还很好操作，让你快速把茶花养成老桩，快来看看咋做的吧！ [图片]1、准备砧木 嫁接分为接穗和砧木，被嫁接的就是砧木，花花这里介绍的是用烈香茶花做砧木，把烈香的顶部枝条剪掉。 [图片]2、在砧木上挖小槽 在砧木上挖3厘米长的小槽，形状如下图所示，槽的大小要能让茶花小苗茎部放入。茶花小苗也要去掉一半树皮，能与小槽吻合就行。 [图片]3、把小苗卡进小槽中 如图所示，把小苗放入小槽中。 [图片]4、把小苗固定在卡槽 找个黑色胶带，在小苗和小槽卡接的部分贴一圈，让小苗固定在砧木上。没有黑色胶带的话，也可以用塑料袋或者绳子绑住。 1棵砧木上可以嫁接好几个插穗，砧木直径在1-2厘米，就嫁接1个接穗；砧木直径在2-3厘米，就嫁接2个接穗，以此类推哦。 [图片]5、做高培土 这里用的茶花小苗在卡接完之后，根部在砧木盆面之上，因此可以用一个无底的塑料花盆或者培养杯套住小苗根部，填满土壤。 [图片]6、半年后，剪断小苗 茶花嫁接，一般等半年之后，接穗就会和砧木合二为一了，有耐心的花友，可以等8-9个月后，再把小苗剪断，与砧木分离。 [图片]7、揭掉黑胶带 剪断小苗之后，就可以将黑色胶带揭下来了，可以看到小苗和砧木彻底长在一起了。这样就得到了一棵茶花大苗！ 从侧面看 [图片]从上面看 [图片]月季芽接，1棵能开100色花 想让1棵月季上开100种颜色的花吗？那就赶快跟花花学学芽接法吧，既简单又易成活！ [图片]1、切下健壮的叶芽 找一个健壮饱满的叶芽，用刀子从叶芽上方1厘米处往下切，大概切下3厘米，厚度在3毫米。 [图片]2、泡水里 把剪下来的叶芽浸泡到清水里，或者用湿毛巾裹着，这样是为了减少水分蒸发。 [图片]3、在砧木上切1刀 用刀子在砧木的枝条上切1刀，也是切3毫米厚，3厘米长，注意不要全切断了，底部留一小块皮。 [图片]4、把叶芽插入砧木 像下图这样，把叶芽插入砧木上，让叶芽露出来。 [图片]5、绑住叶芽 用塑料袋把叶芽绑在砧木上，先从下往上贴胶条，再从上往下贴一遍，不要贴太紧，叶芽要露出来。这就是芽接的步骤，超简单吧！ [图片]6、10-15天成活 月季芽接成活超级快，一般等10-15天后就成活了，叶芽就与砧木成为一体了，叶芽越长越大！把不同颜色的月季嫁接到一起，让1棵月季上开100种颜色的花一点都不夸张！ [图片]
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权问薇
2018年05月06日
权问薇
[图片]1、养护环境 夏天可以选在荫棚下面或阴凉的屋子里面来养它。常春藤虽然对周边的环境没有过多的要求，但是在夏季的高温中还是会不利于藤条的生长，一定不可以长期放置在阳光下暴晒，最好在度夏期把常春藤挪至阴凉的屋子里面。常春藤比较适宜的环境条件是白天保持温度20℃，晚间保持温度18℃，周边空气湿度保持不小于80%，这样的养护环境就可以很好的帮助常春藤过夏了。 [图片]2、水分要求 特别注意保持藤叶的水分程度。在夏季由于藤叶面的蒸发量很大，所以需要间歇性的在叶面进行喷雾来保持湿度，可以选择用细雾喷头，也可以用稍微湿一些的干净棉布对叶面进行擦拭，使叶面保持一段时间的湿润，待表层的水膜干了再进行喷雾。 [图片]3、浇水方式 在水分管理方面，浇水要有干有湿，切忌盆土过度潮湿，有积水的话一定要及时倒掉，不然的话就会造成藤根腐烂，藤叶脱落。在夏季可以避开中午的高温时段，选择清晨或者太阳下山后的时间都比较适合给常春藤浇水，可以浇水和施肥交替进行。 4、土质成分 掌握好土壤性质，避免使用碱性土壤进行栽培。可以选择在栽培基里加入适量的椰子壳，也可以混入田园土或者草木灰，保持土壤的PH值在5.7-5.9之间，另外还要尽量使土壤保持疏松，如果加入一些含钾较多的土质会有利于常春藤在夏季的生长，要忌用盐碱度高的土壤。 [图片]
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