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Miss Chen
2018年05月03日
Miss Chen
Description: During the first year, this biennial plant consists of a rosette of basal leaves spanning about 6" across. These basal leaves are up to 3½" long and ¾" across; they are obovate or oblanceolate, shallowly lobed or dentate along the margins, and nearly hairless. During the second year, a flowering stalk develops up to 3' tall that is unbranched or sparingly branched; it often leans over to one side. This stalk is pale green, hairless, and glaucous. The cauline (alternate) leaves are up to 8" long and 1" across, becoming smaller as they ascend the central stalk. They are usually lanceolate, hairless, and glaucous; some of the upper leaves are linear. The margins of these leaves are smooth or sparingly dentate. The base of each cauline leaf clasps the central stalk with a pair of basal lobes. Normally, the cauline leaves are some shade of green, but they can become reddish or yellowish green in bright sunlight. The central stalk (and any secondary stalks) terminates in an elongated raceme of flowers up to 1½' long. The small flowers bloom near the apex of this raceme, while the siliques (slender cylindrical seedpods) droop from their pedicels below. Each flower is about 4 mm. (1/6") across, consisting of 4 white petals, 4 light green sepals, a pistil with an undivided style, and several stamens. The petals are barely longer than the sepals. The pedicel of each flower is about 8 mm. (1/3") long, hairless, and ascending. The blooming period occurs from mid-spring to early summer and lasts about 1-2 months. Each flower is replaced by a slender silique up to 3½" long that is hairless; it contains a single row of small seeds with winged margins. The siliques spread widely or droop from their pedicels. When the siliques split open to release their seeds, the latter can be carried aloft to some extent by the wind. The root system consists of a taproot. This plant spreads by reseeding itself. [图片]Cultivation: The preference is medium shade to partial sunlight, moist to slightly dry conditions, and a soil that is loamy or rocky. The size of a plant and the appearance of its foliage can be strongly influenced by its growing conditions. Range & Habitat: Smooth Rock Cress occurs occasionally in most areas of Illinois (see Distribution Map), where it is native. In some areas, it may be locally common. Habitats include mesic woodlands, thinly wooded bluffs, rocky slopes of bluffs, shaded cliffs, and ravines near streams. This plant is generally found in hilly woodlands where deciduous trees are dominant. [图片]Faunal Associations: Small bees and flies occasionally visit the flowers for nectar or pollen. Bee visitors include Ceratina spp. (little carpenter bees), Nomada spp. (cuckoo bees), Osmia spp. (mason bees), Halictid bees, and Andrenid bees, including Andrena arabis (Rock Cress Andrenid Bee). Some insects feed on the foliage and other parts of Boechera spp. and related genera (Rock Cress species); they include larvae of the leaf-mining fly Liriomya pusilla, the flea beetles Phyllotreta conjuncta and Phyllotreta punctulata, and caterpillars of the butterflies Anthocharis midea (Falcate Orangetip) and Pieris oleracea (Mustard White). The foliage of these plants doesn't appear to be bothered by either deer or rabbits to any significant degree (personal observation). Photographic Location: The photographs were taken at a wooded ravine near a stream in Vermilion County, Illinois, and at a mesic deciduous woodland in Douglas County, Illinois. [图片]Comments: This is one of the native species of Rock Cress (Boechera spp. and related genera) that can be found in wooded areas. This plant is not particularly showy and it is often overlooked. Smooth Rock Cress (Boechera laevigata) can be distinguished from other species of Rock Cress as follows: 1) It is completely hairless during the blooming period, 2) it has siliques that are widely spreading or drooping, and 3) its cauline leaves clasp their stems with a pair of basal lobes. These three characteristics are usually sufficient to distinguish this species from other species of Rock Cress. Some other characteristics that are occasionally helpful: 1) Its siliques are circular in cross-section, rather than flattened, and 2) each of its siliques contains a single row of seeds. For example, another woodland species, Boechera canadensis (Sicklepod), has an appearance that is similar to Smooth Rock Cress; they both have drooping siliques. However, the cauline leaves of Sicklepod are sessile, its lower foliage is often hairy, and it has flattened siliques. A scientific synonym of Smooth Rock Cress is Arabis laevigata.
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Miss Chen
2018年05月03日
Miss Chen
Description: This plant is a biennial that consists of a rosette of basal leaves during the first year. The basal leaves are up to 6" long and 2" across; they are oblanceolate or obovate, dentate along the margins, and hairy underneath. Each basal leaf tapers to a petiole-like base that is long and slender, while its tip is acute to blunt. During the second year, one or more stems with alternate cauline leaves develop from the center of the rosette, which withers away. Upon reaching maturity, Toothed Rock Cress is 1½–3' tall. The erect to ascending stems are light green, finely pubescent, terete, and sparingly branched. The cauline leaves are up to 4" long and 1½" across; they are oblanceolate to obovate and dentate along their margins. The upper surface of each cauline leaf is sparingly covered with fine hairs or hairless, while the lower surface is conspicuously hairy. Each cauline leaf clasps the stem with a pair of basal lobes (it is auriculate). The upper stems terminate in floral racemes up to 1' long. Each flower is about 1/8" (3 mm.) across, consisting of 4 sepals, 4 petals, an ovary with a short style, and several stamens with pale yellow or white anthers. The petals are white and oblanceolate; they barely extend beyond the sepals. The sepals are lanceolate-oblong, light green to reddish green, and finely hairy. The pedicel of each flower is short, stout, and conspicuously hairy. The blooming period occurs during the late spring or early summer and lasts about a month. Each flower is replaced by a slender cylindrical silique about ¾–1½" long that contains a single row of seeds. The siliques are ascending to spreading along the central stalk of the raceme; they can be curved or straight, but don't droop conspicuously. The outer surface of each silique is light green to reddish purple and glabrous or finely pubescent (usually the latter). The seeds are quite small (about 1 mm. long), oblongoid, and somewhat flattened; they lack winged margins. The root system consists of a taproot. This plant spreads by reseeding itself. Cultivation: This plant is typically found in dappled sunlight to medium shade, moist conditions, and either fertile loamy soil or thin rocky soil with decaying organic matter. [图片]Range & Habitat: The native Toothed Rock Cress occurs occasionally in northern and central Illinois, while in the southern section of the state it is uncommon or absent (see Distribution Map). Habitats include moist to mesic deciduous woodlands, wooded floodplain areas along rivers, banks of small streams, rocky bluffs, and shaded limestone cliffs. Faunal Associations: The small flowers attract various bees, Syrphid flies, dance flies (Empis spp.), and miscellaneous other insects. The bee visitors include cuckoo bees (Nomada spp.), Halictid bees, Andrenid bees, and little carpenter bees (Ceratina spp.). The bees suck nectar or collect pollen, while the flies suck nectar or feed on pollen. Some flea beetles (e.g., Phyllotreta conjuncta and Phyllotreta punctulata) feed on species of Rock Cress (Boechera spp. and related genera). Photographic Location: A low wooded area along a river in Vermilion County, Illinois. [图片]Comments: This is one of the woodland species of Rock Cress (Boechera spp. and related genera). As a group, they are usually tall-growing, but not very showy because of their small flowers. It can be somewhat tricky to distinguish these species and several physical characteristics should be considered. Toothed Rock Cress (Boechera dentata) has: 1) stems with pubescent hairs throughout, 2) terete siliques that are spreading to ascending (but not drooping nor stiffly erect), 3) auriculate leaves with basal lobes that clasp each stem throughout its length, and 4) very small flowers (about 1/8" or 3 mm. across). Other species of Rock Cress often have: 1) hairless stems or stems that are hairy only toward the bottom, 2) siliques that are flattened, droop downward, or are held stiffly erect, 3) cauline leaves that are sessile, or they have basal lobes that clasp each stem only toward the bottom, and 4) flowers that are slightly larger in size. Other scientific names of Toothed Rock Cress include Arabis dentata and Arabis shortii.
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Miss Chen
2018年05月03日
Miss Chen
Description: This perennial plant is 1-3' tall and unbranched or sparingly branched. The central stem is light to dark green, 4-angled, and covered with long white hairs. The opposite leaves are up to 3½" long and 1½" across. They are ovate or lanceolate-ovate in shape, serrated along their margins, and often ciliate. The lower surface of each leaf is light to medium green and densely pubescent to nearly glabrous; in the latter case, there are scattered hairs along the central and some of the lateral veins. The upper leaf surface is medium to dark green; it has either scattered appressed hairs or it is glabrous. The petioles are about ½-1¼" long and covered with spreading hairs. Small secondary leaves often develop from the axils of the leaves on the central stem. The central stem (and any major side stems) terminates in several whorls of flowers. The whorls of flowers occur above the axils of the upper leaves, or they may occur above pairs of leafy bracts that are sometimes inconspicuous. The flowers in each whorl are densely crowded together. Each flower is up to ½" long, consisting of a short-tubular calyx with 5 teeth, a 2-lipped corolla, 2 exerted stamens, and a slender style that is divided at its tip. The calyx is light green and exceedingly hairy along the margins of its teeth; the upper teeth are longer than the lower teeth. The corolla is light purple or white and it has purple dots on the lower lip; the outer surface of this corolla is finely pubescent on the upper side. The lower lip is divided into 3 lobes, while the upper lip functions as a protective hood. The blooming period occurs during the summer and lasts about 1-1½ months. Each flower is replaced by 4 ovoid nutlets. The root system is fibrous and rhizomatous. Clonal colonies of plants often develop from the rhizomes. [图片]Cultivation: The preference is partial sun to light shade, moist to mesic conditions, and a rich loamy soil with decaying leaf mold. This species also grows in soil that is somewhat rocky. Range & Habitat: The native Hairy Wood Mint occurs occasionally throughout Illinois (see Distribution Map). Habitats include mesic deciduous woodlands, areas along woodland paths, woodland borders, woodland openings, limestone glades, and thickets. Minor disturbance is desirable if it removes excessive shade from the overhead canopy. [图片]Faunal Associations: The flowers are pollinated primarily by long-tongued bees, including honeybees, bumblebees, little carpenter bees (Ceratina spp.), mason bees (Osmia spp.), leaf-cutting bees (Megachile spp.), cuckoo bees (Epeolus spp.), long-horned bees (Melissodes spp.), and Anthophorid bees (Anthophora spp.). Other visitors of the flowers include Halictid bees, wasps, bee flies (Bombyliidae), thick-headed flies (Conopidae), Syrphid flies, butterflies, and skippers. These insects seek nectar primarily, although some of the Halictid bees collect pollen and some flies feed on the pollen. There are few records of insects feeding destructively on Hairy Wood Mint, although a polyphagous aphid, Aphis coreopsidis, uses this plant as a summer host. The foliage probably isn't attractive to mammalian herbivores as a food source. [图片]Photographic Location: Along a woodland path at Busey Woods in Urbana, Illinois. Comments: This is another member of the Mint family with pairs of opposite leaves and relatively small tubular flowers. Hairy Wood Mint (Blephilia hirsuta) has unusually hairy stems and the dense hairy whorls of flowers are rather conspicuous. These dense whorls of flowers distinguish the genus Blephilia from many other members of the Mint family. The only other member of this genus that occurs in Illinois is Downy Wood Mint (Blephilia ciliata). Downy Wood Mint has leaves that are sessile or they have short petioles (less than ½"), and its stems are short-pubescent to pubescent. Hairy Wood Mint, on the other hand, has leaves with longer petioles and its stems have spreading white hairs that are quite long. Downy Wood Mint prefers habitats that are somewhat sunnier and drier; it is sometimes found in prairies and savannas.
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Miss Chen
2018年05月03日
Miss Chen
Description: This perennial wildflower is 2-6' tall and usually unbranched. The central stem is light green to purplish green, terete, and glabrous. Opposite pairs of leaves about 3-8" long and 1-3" across occur along this stem; they are lanceolate-elliptic to ovate and smooth along their margins. Both the tips and bottoms of the leaves are wedge-shaped, rather than rounded. The upper leaf surface is medium to dark green and glabrous, while the lower surface is pale to medium green and glabrous (or nearly so). The leaves are widely spreading and remain more or less the same size along the stem. The distinct petioles are ½-2" long and light green. The foliage contains a milky latex. The stem terminates in one or more umbels of flowers spanning 2-4" across. The umbels are relatively open and the flowers droop somewhat from their pedicels. Each flower is about ¼" across and ½" long, consisting of 5 petals that hang downward, 5 curved cylindrical hoods that surround a central column, and the reproductive organs. The insignificant sepals are hidden by the petals. Each hood has an exerted horn. The flowers are bicolored: the petals are green or pale purple, while the hoods and column are white or light pink. The slender pedicels are 1-2" long, light green, and either glabrous or minutely short-pubescent. The blooming period occurs during the summer for about a month. Afterwards, fertile flowers are replaced by erect seedpods (follicles) that are up to 6" long and ¾" across; they are narrowly lanceoloid in shape. During the fall, each seedpod splits open along one side to release its seeds. The seeds have tufts of hair at their apices; they are distributed by the wind. The root system consists of a taproot. [图片]Cultivation: The preference is partial or dappled sunlight, mesic conditions, and a rich loam or sandy loam with organic matter. The location should be protected from prevailing winds. Range & Habitat: Poke Milkweed is widely distributed across Illinois, but it is relatively uncommon. Illinois lies along the western range limit of this species. Habitats consist of woodland openings, rich mesic woodlands, sandy woodlands, upland rocky woodlands, wooded slopes, areas along paths in woodlands, and woodland borders. Poke Milkweed is found in deciduous woodlands where oaks, maples, and similar trees are dominant. Faunal Associations: The flowers of Poke Milkweed attract bumblebees and butterflies, including the Monarch and Great Spangle Fritillary butterflies. These insects suck nectar from the flowers. Other insects feed on the foliage, flower tissues, seedpods, pith of the stems, or plant juices. The following beetles have been found on Poke Milkweed: Chrysochus auratus (Dogbane Beetle) and Labidomera clivicollis (Swamp Milkweed Leaf Beetle). Other insects that feed on milkweeds (Asclepias spp.) include larvae of Tetraopes basalis (Milkweed Longhorn) and Tetraopes tetrophthalmus (Red Milkweed Beetle), larvae of Rhyssomatus lineaticollis (Milkweed Stem Weevil), Lygaeus kalmii (Small Milkweed Bug) and Oncopeltus fasciatus (Large Milkweed Bug), Aphis asclepiadis and other aphids, caterpillars of the moths Cycnia inopinatus (Unexpected Cycnia) and Cycnia tenera (Delicate Cycnia), and caterpillars of the butterfly Danaus plexippus (Monarch). Mammalian herbivores usually avoid consumption of milkweeds because their foliage contains toxic cardiac glycosides and it is bitter-tasting. Photographic Location: Along a path in a sandy woodland at the Indiana Dunes State Park in NW Indiana. Comments: This is a tall-growing milkweed with unusual bicolored flowers. In Illinois, only Swamp Milkweed (Asclepias incarnata) and Common Milkweed (Asclepias syriaca) are as tall and their flowers are usually more unicolored. In some areas of the United States, Poke Milkweed has been known to hybridize with Common Milkweed, producing plants with intermediate characteristics. So far, such hybrid plants have not been observed in Illinois. The common name, Poke Milkweed, refers to a junior synonym of this species, Asclepias phytolaccoides. This latter scientific name was no doubt inspired by the superficial resemblance of this milkweed's leaves to those of an unrelated species, Pokeweed (Phytolacca americana).
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Miss Chen
2018年05月03日
Miss Chen
樱花是爱情与希望的象征，日本的代表物之一。在日本，相传在很久以前，日本有位名叫“木花开耶姬”（意为樱花）的仙女。有一年11月，仙女从冲绳出发，途经九州、关西、关东等地，在第二年5月到达北海道。沿途，她将一种象征爱情与希望的花朵撒遍每一个角落。为了纪念这位仙女，当地人将这种花命名为“樱花”，日本也因此成为“樱花之国”。 [图片]樱花是爱情与希望的象征，代表着高雅，质朴纯洁的爱情。樱花宛如懵懂少女的，安静得在春天开放，满树的白色粉色的樱花，是对情人诉说爱情的最美语言。心中的某个人，就如那场寂寞的樱花雨，缓缓消失在时光的深处，留下永恒的记忆。 那樱花什么时候开花?不同品种的樱花开花时间具体是什么?小编整理了一些相关资料，相信会帮到大家： 樱花什么时候开花? 樱花花朵极其美丽，盛开时节，满树烂漫，如云似霞，是早春开花的著名观赏花木，多数在3月下旬至4月上旬开花，但这些年因全球温暖化的影响，令樱花开放的时间有所提前。而且太平洋的气候变暖，亦导致花开后被风吹至散落，大大缩短了人们欣赏樱花的时间。 [图片]不同品种樱花什么时候开? 樱花的花期经过长期的培育，由于品种的不同，花期也有了较大的差别，最早的应该是早樱，一般在3月中左右就开花了，最后的应该是晚樱，一般在4月开花，甚至有的5月才开花。 1、樱花，落叶乔木。高约5-25米。树皮暗栗褐色，光滑而有光泽，具横纹。小枝无毛。叶卵形至卵状椭圆形，边缘具芒半成熟齿，两面无毛。伞房状或总状花序，花白色或淡粉红色。径2.5-4cm，花期4月-5月。 2、日本早樱，为小乔木，高约5m，树皮横纹状，老树皮缏。小枝褐色，叶倒卵形至卵状披针形。花粉红色，径2-2.5cm，2-5朵呈伞形花序，春季叶前开花。 3、日本晚樱，高约10m，树皮淡灰色。叶倒卵形，缘具长芒状齿;花单或重瓣、下垂，粉红或近白色，芳香，2-5朵聚生，花期4月。 4、大山樱，高12-20m,树皮褐色，小枝紫褐色，叶椭圆状卵形。花粉红色，2-4朵簇生，径3-5cm，花期3-4月。 5、云南樱花，高约10m，树皮褐色，小枝紫褐色，叶椭圆状卵形或倒卵形，缘具重齿。花粉红色至深红色，2-5朵簇生，花期2-3月。 6、科樱花，高约25m，树皮浅褐色，小枝绿色，叶长椭圆形至披针形，花粉红色，花期1月至翌年1月。 7、寒绯樱，也叫钟花樱桃，福建山樱花。钟花樱桃是她在中国大陆的正名，日本和台湾都称之为寒绯樱，顾名思义，开在寒冷的早春的红色樱花。寒绯樱确实可能算是国内一年里最早开放的樱花，花期一般在2月中旬。
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Miss Chen
2018年05月03日
Miss Chen
小编家中养了6盆千佛手，头一年时，感觉它们有些娇气，然后便开始慢慢锻炼它们的韧性，到现在为止，它们已经变得非常皮实了，而且它的繁殖方法非常简单粗暴，下面给大家分享一下我的养殖经验。 [图片]千佛手的养殖技巧 【土壤】土壤，用多用专用最方便，如泥炭(草炭)+砾石+珍珠岩; 【温度】生长适温一般为18-25度，冬季不低于5度; 【水分】水分，依照干透浇透的原则就行(非常耐旱，尽量少浇水); 【光照】喜光，可以全日照，夏季通常遮些荫; 【施肥】施肥一般在生长季一月一次，薄肥勤施，可随浇水施入。 [图片]千佛手的繁殖方法 繁殖方式有种子繁殖、扦插繁殖、叶插繁殖、分株繁殖。 1、播种繁殖 千佛手种子繁殖可在生长季(以秋季为佳，春季其次)播种，播种温度一般掌握在18-23度，播种用土可用泥炭+蛭石+珍珠岩各一份，用杀虫杀菌水浸透后，将种子平播在土面上，覆膜(每天透气2小时)，一般一周左右出芽，出芽整齐后去掉薄膜，增加光照。 2、扦插繁殖 千佛手全年都可扦插，以春秋季扦插效果最好。剪取项端枝，长5一7厘米，稍晾干后插入沙床，插后3-4周生根。也可用中下部成熟叶片扦插，约3周生根，待长出幼株后盆栽。 3、叶插繁殖 一般在生长季将植株下部成熟的叶子轻轻掰下平放在潮土上即可，一般2周左右生根，生根后保持土壤潮润即可。 4、分株繁殖 千佛手分株繁殖可在生长季将植株周边的小植株(或徒长植株的上部枝条)用利刀割下，晾一周后栽种在潮土中，一周后才可以正常浇水。
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Miss Chen
2018年05月03日
Miss Chen
夏天到了，蚊子肆虐。特别是家里养了一些花花草草，也很吸引蚊子，但是爱养花的朋友不可能不养花。其实有一些植物具有驱蚊的功能。这些植物靠叶子或者花朵散发出一种特殊的气味驱赶蚊虫。小编我列举几种常见的驱蚊植物和大家分享一下。 [图片]驱蚊草种类——七里香 这是一种四季常绿的小灌木，外形呈伞房状，分枝多，紧密，叶小亮泽，花白繁密，花后还能结红色浆果，常常修剪的株型美观大方，为陋室增加美感。叶片有浓浓的辛、甜香味，驱蚊效果很好。 [图片]驱蚊草种类——食虫草 一种菊科草本植物，可长到一米来高，花小黄色，一株达数百只花头，各花头的外围苞片有粘液，就像5个伸开的小手指很有趣，只要有小蚊虫落在上面便被粘住，之后，虫子尸体被其慢慢消化作为其生长营养，若有灰尘粘落上面数天后也被消化得无影无踪，盆栽摆放在家捉蚊又吸尘。 [图片]驱蚊草种类——逐蝇梅 其枝叶与花朵中挥发出蚊蝇敏感的气味，具有很强的驱逐蚊蝇功效，而对人体无任何伤害。它不但驱逐蚊蝇效果好，而且花色靓丽，花有红、黄、白等色，花朵初开时常为黄色或粉红色，随后逐渐变为橘黄色或橘红色，最后呈红色，所以才得“驱蚊七变花”美誉，摆在窗边，赏心悦目。 [图片]驱蚊草种类——夜来香 蚊子害怕夜来香强烈的气味，在室内摆放香花自然可以收到驱蚊的效果。这类花卉大多优雅清丽，养殖方便，价格也不贵，加之夏季开花时绿白相间，望之易生凉意。但据有关专家提醒，夜来香一类花卉的香气初闻往往沁人心脾，但闻久了因其过于浓烈可能会有不适反应，建议白天可以把盆花搬到室外。夏天的时候，在阳台放几株驱蚊草想必是很好的选择，不过，需要提醒大家的是：有呼吸道疾病患者慎用!
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空城
2020年03月12日
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食虫草和我养的捕蝇草是一个东西不？
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Miss Chen
2018年05月03日
Miss Chen
桃美人为景天科厚叶草属多肉植物，叶片在阳光充足且温差大的环境下易变成粉红色，犹如桃子一般可爱肥厚，因此受到多肉植物爱好者们的青睐，可点缀于露台或花园中，也可与其它景天科多肉植物搭配栽种，下面就给大家分享一上一些养肉老手的经验怎么把桃美人养殖的更好。 [图片]管理养护 桃美人无明显休眠期，可以全日照。夏天的时候通风遮阳，每个月3到4次水，少量在盆边给水慢慢度过盛夏，维持植株根系不会因为过度干燥而干枯就可以。冬天温度低于3度就要逐渐少水，0度以下保持盆土干燥，尽量保持不低于零下3度。这样就可以安全过冬了，冬天尽量少点水，开春给水要循序渐进否则可能出现烂根。南北差异比较大，家庭和大棚的养殖方法都不一样，桃美人倒是比较好养的一个品种，无明显病虫害。有条件每年入夏和入冬撒点呋喃丹在土表就可以了。 选择疏松肥沃、排水良好的沙壤土作培养土。 春秋两季为桃美人的生长期，应充分浇水;每月浇水2~5次。夏季湿热的环境下要控制浇水频率，加强通风，注意遮荫防止晒伤。冬季注意保暖，温度保持在10℃以上，并减少浇水，保持盆土稍干燥。 [图片]注意事项 1.浇水时应避免盆底积水，否则会造成根部腐烂;且避免叶芯处积水导致的烂芯。 2.桃美人具有很强的趋光性，如果光线不均匀，他们会朝某一方向生长，枝条变弯，导致株型不美观。所以最好是经常转动盆，使植株各面均匀见光。 有的花友告诉说自己养的桃美人容易掉叶片，这是因为水分太充足的时候或者换季水分给的太多，轻轻碰叶片就容易掉叶片啦，少点水，或者循序渐进给水，就可以尽量避免掉叶片的。掉的叶片只要饱满都可以叶插的，非常容易活。一般就丢在土表不管，它们会自然萌发根系和小叶片，成为独立的小植株。 桃美人砍头后容易长侧枝，不砍头一直养，植株的老杆会长很长，然后才开始分枝，为了更加漂亮。长的差不多的时候就应该砍头萌发侧芽，这样植株群生了才漂亮。
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Miss Chen
2018年05月03日
Miss Chen
葡萄的营养成分葡萄不仅味美可口，而且营养价值很高。成熟的浆果中葡萄含糖量高达10%-30%，以葡萄糖为主。葡萄中的多种果酸有助于消化，适当多吃些葡萄，能健睥和胃。葡萄中含有矿物质钙、钾、磷、铁以及多种维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、维生素C和维生素P等，还含有多种人体所需的氨基酸，常食葡萄对神经衰弱、疲劳过度大有裨益。 [图片]人类栽培葡萄、酿造葡萄酒和创造葡萄文化的历史悠久，而中国是世界上葡萄较早栽培地之一。中国古代的栽培葡萄，是外来的物质文明，其原生地在黑海和东地中海沿岸一带及中亚细亚地区。随着生活的不断变化与改善，人们开始盆栽葡萄，既可观赏，又可以食用，同时为城市中没有花圃的人们提供了更多方便。那么盆栽葡萄改选什么品种呢？ 盆栽葡萄选择的条件 盆栽葡萄主要以观赏为主，因此常选择果穗大、果粒大、色泽艳丽、叶形美观、能一年多次结果、挂果时间长、不易落果的两性花品种。盆栽葡萄不宜采用雌能花品种，否则，坐果不良。因盆栽容器和生长空间有限，也常选择节间短，着果节位较低的品种。其次，盆栽葡萄多放置于室内，故应选用抗病性强的品种，以减少农药的使用，保护居室环境不受污染。 盆栽葡萄的品种选择 应选择果实艳丽、枝干弯曲古怪、叶片较小、易于结果、抗性强、观赏价值高的品种,巨峰、常62、玫瑰香等较为理想。一般盆栽葡萄不要长势过旺的，短枝结果的、抗病的，否则修剪麻烦、结果控制不好，像红双味、摩尔多瓦、碧香无核、茉莉香、红富士、仲夏无核等。赤霞珠等酿酒葡萄小粒更适合盆栽，饱满好看。 [图片]盆栽葡萄选择品种时应注意什么? 盆栽葡萄以观赏为主，因此，对品种的选择在很多方面不同于大田生产。归纳起来大致有以下几点应注意： (1)要讲究果实形状、颜色以及植株姿态美。果粒宜大，果穗适中，最好是红色或紫色品种，或穗、粒虽小，但每新梢挂果穗数较多，同时，新梢节间要短，叶片与果穗大小较为匀称。 (2)盆栽葡萄宜选择两性花品种，结果枝百分率要高，枝条成熟早，能连年结果，并且抗病性要强，生长期尽量减少喷药次数，以免污染环境。 (3)果实生长时间越长，观赏价值越高。因此，尽量选择生长期长的中、晚熟品种，或再次结实力强的品种。 (4)盆栽葡萄虽以观赏为主，但并不等于可以忽视品种的鲜食品质，两者应兼而有之。根据以上要求，下列品种可供盆栽选择：巨峰、红富士。黑奥林、红山彦、藤稔、楼都、贝蕾、红伊豆、红瑞宝、红后、伊豆锦、王泽系红伊豆、峰寿、玫瑰露、玫瑰香、黑罕、胜利、糖红太妃、粉红葡萄、红意大利、红鸡心、大宝等。
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权问薇
2018年05月03日
权问薇
[图片]一、介绍 宫灯百合种子繁殖的发芽量特别的少，但是种子的收获还是很多的。一般它需要经过授粉的环节才可以在花茎上长出蒴果，一般每个蒴果能收获种子大概在六十粒左右。 虽然它的种子发芽率特别的低，但如果采用赤霉素处理，发芽率就会大大的提升。在种子种下之后，发芽的时间会很漫长，一般需要两年的时间，这是因为它休眠比较深，所以才需要等这么久的时间。 [图片]二、土壤选择 必须选择排水好、空气流通顺畅以及有机营养含量高的土壤。如果土壤成PH太低，则需要采用碱性化学品中和一下，这样的方法既可以使土壤的PH降低，还能够杀害其中的有害虫子和各种有害菌类，更能促进它种子的发芽。如果发现土壤碱性比较高，则需要用酸性的药剂来进行中和。 [图片]三、环境要求 种子种植后，发芽最适宜的温度就是在二十摄氏度左右，最高不能超过二十五摄氏度。如果温度过高会导致发芽率较低，而且发芽了种子根部还容易坏死。在夏季的时候，要时刻保持土壤的凉爽。夜晚的时候需要注意，温度不能低于十五摄氏度，这样也会导致发芽率低，芽苗不易出土，所以在冬季，要加温保暖。 四、光照管理 种子种植后，可以适当的进行一些光照，但不宜过多。有时候在夏季还需要遮光。 [图片]
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