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巴黎铁塔
2018年05月09日
巴黎铁塔
[图片]1、减少光照 原因：富贵竹在强光下曝晒时间过长，叶子上就会长出黄斑，整片叶子看起来就呈黄色，没有光泽。 解决方法：将富贵竹移到室内有散射光的地方，慢慢养护。 [图片]2、增加光照 原因：富贵竹长时间处于过于阴蔽的地方，没有足够的阳光进行光合作用，叶片无法合成养分，进而发黄。 解决方法：将它搬到阳光充足而不强烈的地方养护。 3、剪根重栽 原因：平时浇的水太多或是施的肥太多，就会对富贵竹的根部产生影响。轻则引起根部发黑，重则导致根系腐烂。根系受到伤害后会直接影响养分吸收的效率，导致叶片缺少营养，开始发黄。 解决方法：将富贵竹从水中或是土中取出，观察根须，用消过毒的剪子将黑、烂的根须剪掉。之后再往伤口处喷一些药剂进行杀菌，然后放到阴凉处晾干。等到药剂干掉以后，再用新的介质进行培养。 [图片]4、多浇些水 原因：水是富贵竹光合作用反应的原料，一旦缺水就会导致叶片它无法正产进行光合作用合成养分，从而发黄。 解决方法：多给富贵竹浇一些水，保证足够的水分供给。 5、补充肥料 原因：长时间不给富贵竹施肥，就会导致植株的能汲取到的养分不足，叶片没有养分就会发黄。 解决方法：给富贵竹追施一些肥料，但是不能施的太多，要薄肥勤施。 [图片]
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巴黎铁塔
2018年05月09日
巴黎铁塔
[图片]1、增加浇水 原因：水是发财树一系列生理反应的原料，长时间缺水会导致它部分生理功能瘫痪，从而使得叶片发黄。 解决方法：适量及时的为发财树浇水，保证盆土湿润。 2、减少浇水 原因：给发财树浇了太多的水，导致土壤中出现积水。植株的根部泡在水中，容易被泡烂，从而影响到了养分的汲取，导致叶片变黄。 解决方法：情况不是很严重的时候可以将花盆垫高放到通风处，让土壤中的水分挥发掉并减少浇水。情况比较严重的话要将发财树整个取出，剪掉被泡烂了的根系，再放到新的土壤中养殖。 [图片]3、减少光照 原因：若是夏天的时候没有为发财树遮阴，让它长时间在强光下暴晒，它的叶子就会被灼伤，进而变黄。 解决方法：将发财树移动到光线明亮但不会被太阳直射到的地方养护。 4、补充肥料 原因：长时间不给发财树施肥也有可能导致它难以从土壤之中汲取到足够的养分，从而导致叶片发黄。 解决方法：为发财树使用一些肥料或是营养液，施加之前要注意将之稀释一下，以免浓度过高伤害到植株。 [图片]5、适量剪枝 原因：发财树长得太过于繁茂，叶片之间互相遮挡，导致每片叶子都难以接受到足够的光照，或者是因为叶片过多，根部汲取的养分难以供应所有的叶片正常生长，就有可能出现黄叶。 解决方法：及时修剪，将枝叶比较密集的地方剪疏，并剪掉瘦弱的发育不良的枝叶。 [图片]
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巴黎铁塔
2018年05月09日
巴黎铁塔
[图片]1、增加浇水 原因：长时间不浇水会导致金钱树植株缺水，一系列的生理生化反应无法正常进行，从而使得它出现黄叶。 解决方法：及时给它浇一些水，但不能一次性浇太多。 2、减少浇水 原因：给金钱树浇了太多的水，伤到了它的根系，从而影响它汲取养分，致使叶片缺少营养而发黄。 解决方法：给金钱树松一松土，然后放到通风处晾干，使土壤中的水都挥发掉，然后按照科学的方法浇水。 [图片]3、减少光照 原因：若是夏天的时候让金钱树长时间暴露在强光下，它的叶片就会因为阳光的曝晒而被晒伤，开始变黄。 解决方法：采取一定的遮阴方式为金钱树遮阴。 4、给它换土 原因：长时间不给金钱树换盆换土，土壤中的剩余的养分很难支持金钱树继续生长，而缺乏营养的叶片也会因此发黄。 解决方法：给金钱树换上新的，养分含量高的，富含腐殖质的土壤。 [图片]5、新陈代谢 原因：金钱树生长到一定的阶段，部分叶片老化，发黄。 解决方法：无需特别处理，正常养护的情况下它会自动恢复。 [图片]
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巴黎铁塔
2018年05月09日
巴黎铁塔
[图片]1、剪根重栽 原因：若是水竹的根系受到伤害，就会影响到它对营养的吸收。而吸收不到足够的营养就会导致植株的叶子发黄。 解决方法：将水竹从基质之中取出，检查根须，找到发黑腐烂的根须将之剪下。然后将它放到新的介质中养护。 [图片]2、补加肥料 原因：这种情况与上一种类似，同样都是由于养分不足而导致水竹叶子发黄。而不同的是，上一种是内因，这一种是外因。因为长时间没有给水竹施肥，水竹难以吸收到足够的养分，就会出现黄叶。 解决方法：适量的给水中施加一些营养液或是肥料，浓度一定不能太高，一次也不能加太多，否则会引起烧苗。 [图片]3、增加光照 原因：若是长时间将水竹放在太过阴蔽的地方，让它难以接触到阳光，它就很难进行光合作用合成养分，叶片之中缺少了养分，自然就无法正常生长合成叶绿素，所以也就会发黄了。 解决方法：更换的它的养护地点，将它放到有阳光的来养。不过要注意不能将它放到阳光过于强烈的地方，否则很容易使它的叶片被灼伤。 [图片]
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巴黎铁塔
2018年05月09日
巴黎铁塔
[图片]1、科学浇水 原因：如果长时间浇水不足或是忘记浇水，会使吊兰缺水发黄。此外，若是长时间的浇太多水，就会是土中产生大量的积水，将植株的根系泡烂，影响植株吸收养分的速率，导致部分叶片缺少养分而发黄。 解决方法：科学的为吊兰浇水，在吊兰的土壤还是湿的时候不要浇水，等到土发干的时候再开始浇水，一次不能浇太多的水。若是平时浇得少了就适量多浇一些帮它恢复，若是平时浇得多了就将花盆底部垫高，让水快点挥发掉。 [图片]2、科学受光 原因：因为吊兰比较吸引，所以不能让他长时间被强光暴晒，否则很有可能讲他的叶子晒伤，从而出现黄斑。此外，虽然它喜阴但也不能让它一点光不见，否则它的光合作用会无法正常进行，合成叶绿素的速度就会降低，从而使叶片看上去呈黄色。 解决方法：让吊兰科学的受光。夏天光照过强时适当的遮阴，冬天光照不足的时候要将它搬到南阳台。若是被强光晒伤了，就将它放到阴凉的地方慢慢养护，若是缺少光照将它放到阳光明亮的地方。 [图片]3、科学肥料 原因：如果长时间不给吊兰施肥，吊兰会因为缺少养分而发黄。此外，若是给吊兰施肥过多，止住没有办法吸收掉这么多肥料，多余的肥料就会残留在土壤中对植株的根系造成伤害，引起叶片发黄。 解决方法：科学的为吊兰施肥，不能过多也不能太少。若是施肥过少，就要为它追施一些肥料，要薄肥勤施，若是施肥过多就用清水将多余的肥料冲掉。 [图片]
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巴黎铁塔
2018年05月09日
巴黎铁塔
[图片]1、增加水分 原因：兰花喜欢湿润的生长条件，若是长时间处于缺水的环境中就会出现黄叶，此外，若是空气的湿度太低，也有可能让它出现黄叶。 解决方法：适量的为兰花浇一些水，等到养它的土壤干了之后要及时补充水分。此外，若是夏天空气湿度比较低，可以在植株旁边放上一盆清水，来提高空气湿度。 [图片]2、减少浇水 原因：一次性浇太多的水会导致土壤中出现积水，影响氧气的进入。兰花的根系在缺乏氧气的情况下无法正常汲取养分，它的叶子就会发黄干枯。 解决方法：情况不是很严重的时候可以用垫高花盆，松土等方法让土中的水分挥发。情况比较严重的话要把兰花从花盆中取出，剪掉被泡坏了的根须，再放到新的土壤中养殖。此后要减少浇水量，以避免这种情况再次发生。 [图片]3、减少光照 原因：长时间在盛夏的烈阳下曝晒会灼伤兰花的叶子，让它变黄。 解决方法：将兰花移动到半阴的地方进行养护，在室外养殖的时候除了冬天外都要采取一定的遮阴措施。但是也要注意不能让它完全不见光。 4、无需处理 原因：花龄比较高的兰花会有一些老叶子，随着植株的生长而变黄脱落。 解决方法：这属于兰花正常的生理现象，我们不用采取什么方式去处理它。 [图片]
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八公
2018年05月09日
八公
[图片]红蜘蛛 红蜘蛛非常小，与针孔差不多大，接近圆形，呈红褐色，不易被发现，主要危害是会导致花的叶片变黄甚至脱落。 [图片]防治方法： 1、通风，注意观察叶片背面，发现个别病叶立马摘除。 2、病叶较多的话，可以用辣椒水或者烟叶水喷洒。 ①红辣椒用水煮开滤出，把煮好的辣椒水放凉，然后1碗辣椒水加两瓶清水混合均匀。喷的时候不要一次喷太多，依次地增加用量，效果会更好。 ②有烟叶的话，可以用烟叶水。制作方法与辣椒水相似，注意不要用量过多。 ③药剂防治可以用克螨特、三氯杀螨醇、乐果、花虫净、速灭杀丁等。 白粉病 白粉病是花上普遍发生的一种病害，一般月季、玫瑰、菊花、凤仙花等花卉容易感染，多肉也容易得白粉病。 [图片]防治方法： 1、把感染白粉病的叶片清理干净，用多菌灵消毒杀菌，然后通风，避免环境湿润。 2、可以用白酒治疗白粉病： 用35°的白酒加水稀释100倍左右，喷洒在病叶上即可。 蚧壳虫 蚧壳虫主要危害花的叶片、枝条和果实，会造成黄叶和枯萎。茉莉、山茶、多肉都比较容易感染蚧壳虫。 [图片]防治方法： 1、首先要去除掉病枝，病叶，尽量烧毁，以免再感染。 2、家庭简易防治方法： ① 用1份白酒兑2份水，浇透土壤表层，每隔15天浇一次，连续四次见效。 ② 醋加水稀释2~3倍，用棉签蘸取稀释过的醋，涂在有病害的叶片和枝条上，也可以用棉花，这样既能除虫，还能让叶片返绿。 炭疽病 炭疽病主要危害兰花的叶片，有时也侵染茎和果实。 [图片]防治方法： 1、把有病斑的部分剪掉，通风增加光照。 2、家庭简易防治方法： ①小苏打和水1:500混合均匀，喷洒给花。 ②取一块生姜捣成泥，加水20倍浸泡12小时，过滤后用滤液喷洒患植株即可。 ③韭菜榨汁和清水按1:60的比例混合，然后喷给花，每天喷2次， 连续喷15天即可。 ④把生石灰粉和清水按1:60的比例混合，用上层澄清液喷洒花的周围能防治炭疽病。 蚜虫 蚜虫俗称腻虫或蜜虫，繁殖速度非常的快，会损害花和叶子，一般躲在叶片背面。 蚜虫应该早发现早治疗，开始少量出现时，可以直接手动除虫。 [图片]防治方法： 1、用棉签粘掉或用手指掐掉。 2、肥皂水。肥皂切片用热水化开再和清水按1:60的比例混合均匀，冷却后喷洒给花。 3、严重时可用护花神、吡虫啉、蚜虱净等连续喷洒3-4次，才可彻底根除。 白粉虱 白粉虱这种小虫子会使叶片褪绿、变黄、萎蔫，甚至全株枯死，一般在叶片背面。 [图片]防治方法： 1、要合理施肥，氮肥不要施的太多，这样能提高花抗白粉虱的能力。 2、可以用大蒜水和硫磺粉防止白粉虱： ①取大蒜一头，捣烂后加入一瓶水，搅匀过滤，用大蒜水喷洒叶片，1天1次，连喷3～4次。也可以用毛笔或者牙刷把蒜液涂刷在有白粉虱的地方，立马见效！ ②用硫磺粉之前先把叶面用清水喷湿，再撒上硫磺粉，主要撒在先有白粉虱的地方，其他地方尽量不撒。
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Miss Chen
2018年05月08日
Miss Chen
Description: This herbaceous perennial plant is about ½–1½' tall. It consists of a loose cluster of basal leaves on long petioles and a flowering stalk with a few alternate leaves. The basal leaves are up to 4" long and across; they are palmately cleft into about 5 deep lobes, which are in turn divided into 2-3 shallow secondary lobes. These leaves are usually sparsely pubescent and they may have a few dentate teeth along the margins. Their petioles are pubescent or hairy and rather stout. The alternate leaves are clustered near the base of the flowering stalk and they are few in number; their appearance is similar to the basal leaves. Both the basal and alternate leaves are pale greyish green to green. The flowering stalk is more or less erect, terete, stout, and rather fleshy. This stalk is whitish green or whitish red and it is usually covered with fine white hairs; less often, it is glabrous. A raceme of flowers about 3-8" long occurs at the apex of this stalk; each raceme has 6-24 flowers. Each flower is about ¾–1" across, consisting of 5 petal-like sepals, 4 petals, 3 inner pistils, and stamens. The sepals spread outward from the center of the flower and they are usually some shade of purple or blue-violet; far less often, they are white. The upper sepal forms a long nectar spur behind the rest of the flower; this spur angles upward and it is fairly straight. A few cobwebby hairs may occur along the nectar spur and the posterior surface of the sepals. The upper two petals are quite small and usually white toward the base; they extend backward into the nectar spur. The lower two petals are quite hairy and usually purple or blue-violet like the sepals. These small petals surround the whitish opening that leads to the nectar spur. The pedicels are up to ¾" long and they are usually pubescent. The blooming period occurs during the late spring, lasting about 3 weeks. Each fertile flower is replaced by three spreading follicles (a seed capsule that splits open along one side). Each follicle is oblongoid and angular, terminating in a short beak; it contains several chunky seeds. The root system is tuberous and can form clonal offsets. [图片]Cultivation: The preference is light dappled shade or partial sun, mesic to slightly dry conditions, and soil containing loam, clay-loam, or rocky material. Vegetative growth and flowering proceed quickly during the spring. This wildflower can be cultivated successfully in gardens. Range & Habitat: The native Dwarf Larkspur occurs occasionally in the southern half of Illinois, while in the upper half of the state it is uncommon or absent (see Distribution Map). Illinois lies along the upper range limit of this species. Habitats include mesic woodlands, moist ravines and thinly wooded slopes (often rocky), thinly wooded bluffs, and partially shaded cliffs along river banks. This species displays a preference for hilly deciduous woodlands. [图片]Faunal Associations: The flowers are cross-pollinated by long-tongued bees primarily, including bumblebees, Anthophorid bees (Anthophora spp., Ptilothrix bombiformis, Synhalonia speciosa), and miner bees (Osmia spp.). These insects suck nectar and sometimes collect pollen. Other floral visitors include the Ruby-Throated Hummingbird, Giant Bee Fly (Bombylius major), swallowtail butterflies (Papilio spp.), other butterflies, skippers, and Sphinx moths. However, the bee fly, butterflies, skippers, and moths are probably less effective pollinators. Insect that feed destructively on Spring Larkspur and other larkspurs (Delphinium spp.) include the aphid Brachycaudus rociadae (found on stems & leaves), flower-eating caterpillars of the moth Heliothis phloxiphagus (Dark-spotted Straw), and maggots of a leaf-miner fly, Phytomyza aconiti. The foliage of Dwarf Larkspur is toxic to most mammalian herbivores. Photographic Location: A wildflower garden at Crystal Lake Park in Urbana, Illinois. [图片]Comments: The attractive flowers have the shape of the little starmen in children's cartoons. Dwarf Larkspur is shorter and blooms earlier than other Delphinium spp. – this is an adaptation to its woodland habitat. It is distinctive in having 3 widely spreading follicles per flower, while many other Delphinium spp. have follicles that are more or less united at the base. There is some variation in color of the flowers, appearance of the leaves, and hairiness of the stalks and leaves across different populations of Dwarf Larkspur. The only other species in this genus that is native to Illinois, Delphinium carolinianum (Tall Larkspur), consists of an eastern subspecies with pale blue to blue-violet flowers and a western subspecies with pale blue or white flowers (the latter subspecies is often called Prairie Larkspur). Compared to Dwarf Larkspur, Tall Larkspur has more finely divided leaves. Various larkspurs (Delphinium spp.) are often cultivated in flower gardens, but they are usually native to areas that lie west of Illinois, or they are annual species (Consolida spp.) from the Mediterranean area of Europe.
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Miss Chen
2018年05月08日
Miss Chen
Description: This perennial orchid is 1–2½' tall and usually unbranched. The central stem is round in circumference, rather stout, and densely covered with hair. Three or more leaves alternate along this stem. These leaves are up to 6" long and 4" across; they are oval-ovate to ovate, smooth along their margins, and pubescent. Parallel veins are readily observable along the upper surface of each leaf. The base of each leaf clasps the stem. The color of the foliage can vary from dark green to yellowish green, depending on growing conditions and the maturity of the plant. The central stem terminates in 1 or 2 flowers. Each flower is held above the foliage on a long stalk that has a single leafy bract behind the flower. This bract resembles the leaves, but it is smaller in size and lanceolate in shape. Like other orchids, each flower has 3 petals and 3 sepals. However, because two of these sepals are fused together, there appears to be only 2 sepals. The lower petal is in the shape of a slipper or a pouch with an opening on top; it is bright yellow, shiny, and 1½–2" in length. Within the interior of this petal, there are frequently reddish brown dots. The 2 lateral petals are very narrow, more or less twisted, and 2–3½" in length. These 2 petals vary in color from greenish yellow to brownish purple and they have fine veins running from their bases to their tips. The sepals form an upper hood and a lower hood. They are broader and shorter than the lateral petals, otherwise their appearance is similar. Both the lateral petals and sepals are more or less pubescent. The reproductive organs are located toward the posterior of the slipper-like lower petal. The blooming period occurs from late spring to early summer and lasts about 3 weeks. There is usually no noticeable floral scent. If a flower is successfully pollinated by insects (often this doesn't occur), it will form a seedpod. When this seedpod splits open, the fine seeds are easily carried aloft by the wind. The root system consists of a tuft of fleshy fibrous roots. When several plants occur together, they are often clonal offsets of the mother plant. [图片]Cultivation: The preference is partial sun to light shade, moist to slightly dry conditions, and a soil that consists of loam or sandy loam. Young plants require the presence of appropriate endomycorrhizal fungi in the soil in order to flourish. Starting plants from seed is the job of an expert, although it is possible to successfully transplant large plants that have been grown in a greenhouse. This is one of the easier orchids to maintain in a flower garden. Range & Habitat: The native Yellow Lady's Slipper is an uncommon plant that is widely scattered across Illinois (see Distribution Map). It is less common than formerly, but still persists in colonies of variable size at several sites. Habitats include moist to dry deciduous woodlands, sandy woodlands and savannas, thinly wooded bluffs along rivers, wooded slopes, and forested bogs. The size of local populations can increase in response to fallen trees from windstorms, or occasional wildfires, as this reduces excessive shade from woody vegetation. Some authorities regard this orchid as a native variety of Cypripedium calceolus, which occurs in Eurasia. Under this system of classification, its scientific name is Cypripedium calceolus pubescens. [图片]Faunal Associations: The showy flowers attract mostly small bees and various flies. In North America, Robertson (1929) and Stoutamire (1967) observed honeybees, little carpenter bees (Ceratina spp.), mason bees (Osmia spp.), Halictid bees (Agapostemon sp., Lasioglossum spp.), and Andrenid bees (Andrena spp.) visiting the flowers. Some of these bees were regarded as effective at cross-pollination of the flowers, while other bees became trapped in the flowers and died. Miscellaneous flies and beetles were also observed to visit the flowers, but they were regarded as ineffective pollinators. The showy flowers are deceptive because they induce insects to explore the flowers in the expectation of a reward, but they contain no nectar and their pollen is unavailable to them. Two insects have been observed to feed on the Yellow Lady's Slipper Orchid: adults and larvae of a weevil (Stethobaris ovata) and larvae of a Scathophagid fly (Parallelomma vittatum). Adults of this weevil feed on the shoots, buds, and flowers, while its larvae feed within the seedpods of this orchid. Larvae of the preceding fly are leaf-miners. White-tailed Deer readily consume the foliage of this and other orchids, and local populations may require a deer-resistant fence for protection where these animals are abundant. Photographic Location: The slope of a wooded bluff in Vermilion County, Illinois. [图片]Comments: This is one of the largest and most attractive orchids in Illinois. It is more abundant than most species of orchid, although by no means common. While the flowers are in bloom, it is easy to identify this plant as a Cypripedium sp. (Lady's Slipper Orchid) because of the slipper-like lower petals. The only other species that it can be confused with, Cypripedium parviflorum (Small Yellow Lady's Slipper), has similar flowers that are smaller in size. The lateral petals of its flowers are less than 2" long, while the slipper-like lower petal is about ¾–1¼" in length. The flowers of this species are more likely to be fragrant. The Small Yellow Lady's Slipper usually has a pair of leaves toward the base of the central stem, while Yellow Lady's Slipper usually has 3-5 leaves along the central stem. Some authorities classify the Yellow Lady's Slipper as a variety of the Small Yellow Lady's Slipper, or Cypripedium parviflorum pubescens, rather than a distinct species. Regardless of its classification, when this orchid is not in bloom, it can superficially resemble Polygonatum commutatum (Solomon's Seal) and similar species in the Lily family. However, the central stem of this orchid and the upper surfaces of its leaves are pubescent, while the latter plants have stems and upper leaf surfaces that are waxy and glabrous.
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Miss Chen
2018年05月08日
Miss Chen
Description: This herbaceous perennial plant is ½–1½' long; it has ascending to sprawling stems that branch occasionally. The stems are purplish green to dark reddish purple, sharply 4-angled, stiff, and glabrous to softly hairy. At intervals along these stems, there are pairs of opposite leaves; they are more or less sessile. The leaves are ¾–1½" long and about one-third to two-thirds as much across; they are lanceolate, ovate, or ovate-cordate in shape, while their margins are sparingly toothed and slightly ciliate. The tips of the leaves are acute, while their bases are rounded to slightly cordate. The upper and lower leaf surfaces are yellowish green, medium green, or dark green; they are glandular-punctate and often softly hairy along the major veins. Leaf venation is pinnate. The foliage of this plant has a strong mint aroma, especially when it is crushed. Small cymes or dome-shaped panicles of flowers occur from the axils of the middle to upper leaves, and they also terminate the upper stems. The branches and pedicels of these inflorescences are similar to the stems in their characteristics, except they are more slender. Each flower is 6-8 mm. (1/4" to 1/3") in length, consisting of a tubular corolla with 4 spreading lobes, a tubular calyx with 5 teeth, 2 strongly exserted stamens, and a 4-parted ovary with a strongly exserted style. The corolla is pink or lavender (rarely white) and softly hairy along its exterior; its 4 lobes are similar in size. The calyx is light green to light reddish purple with 10 raised nerves that are a darker shade of green or reddish purple; it is glandular-punctate. The teeth of the calyx are triangular in shape and similar in size; they are shorter than the tube of the calyx. The filaments of the stamens are white to light purple, while their anthers are pink to lavender, becoming brown with age. The slender style is white to light purple; it has a bifurcated tip. The calyx is noticeably shorter than the corolla, while the stamens and style are almost twice the length of the corolla. The blooming period occurs from late summer to mid-autumn, lasting about 1½ months. Afterwards, each flower is replaced by 4 tiny brown nutlets. These nutlets are about 1 mm. long, about 0.7 mm. across, broadly ellipsoid and bluntly 3-angled in shape; they are small enough to be blown about by the wind. The root system is fibrous, forming small root-buds for next year's stems. [图片]Cultivation: The preference is partial sun to medium shade, mesic to dry conditions, and shallow rocky soil that is somewhat acidic. Excessive moisture on the leaves can cause a rust-fungus to develop. This plant can also adapt to ordinary garden soil if taller and more aggressive ground vegetation is kept away from it. Range & Habitat: The native American Dittany is occasional to locally common in SW Illinois and the southern tip of Illinois (see Distribution Map). Illinois lies along the northern range-limit of this plant. Habitats include upland rocky woodlands, thinly wooded bluffs, upper wooded slopes, and semi-shaded areas of sandstone cliffs. American Dittany is found in association with upland oak-hickory woodlands, especially where sandstone is close to the soil surface. It is usually found in high quality natural areas where ground vegetation is relatively sparse. [图片]Faunal Associations: Very little information is currently available about the floral-faunal relationships of this plant. The flowers are probably cross-pollinated by various flies (Blanchan, 1900) and also bees. According to Rudolph et al. (2006), it is a moderately important nectar plant of migrating Monarch butterflies during the autumn. The caterpillars of a monophagous or oligophagous moth, Stephensia cunilae, mine the leaves (Braun, 1948). This plant is also recorded as one of the hosts of a polyphagous leaf beetle, Capraita circumdata (Clark et al., 2004). Because of the strong mint fragrance of the foliage, mammalian herbivores (deer, groundhogs, etc.) usually avoid its consumption. Photographic Location: The wildflower garden of the webmaster in Urbana, Illinois. Comments: American Dittany (Cunila origanoides) can adapt to shade gardens and its pinkish flowers provide a welcome alternative to the more common autumn-blooming goldenrods and asters. The common name of this plant may refer to its resemblance to a Mediterranean species, Dittany of Crete (Origanum dictamnus). American Dittany also resembles the cultivated culinary herbs, Oregano (Origanum vulgare) and Marjoram (Origanum majorana), except its flowers have only 2 fertile stamens rather than 4 fertile stamens, its leaves are usually larger in size, and its leaf tips are more acute than those of the latter species. American Dittany can be distinguished from other similar species in the Mint family by means of a combination of the following characteristics: 1) the presence of only 2 fertile stamens, rather than 4 fertile stamens, on its flowers, 2) the strongly exserted stamens and style of its flowers, 3) the conspicuous punctate glands on its leaves and the calyces of its flowers, 4) the lack of conspicuous lips on its flowers, 3) the similarity of the 5 teeth on its calyces, 4) the relatively broad shape of its leaves that taper into acute tips, 5) the sessile nature of its leaves, and 6) the strong mint fragrance of its foliage. In addition to American Dittany, Cunila origanoides has several other common names in circulation; they include Stone Mint, Common Dittany, Sweet Horsemint, Frost Mint, Frost Flowers, and Fairy Skirts. During early frosts of the autumn, this plant sometimes forms white 'frost flowers' near its stem bases; they develop from the bursting and freezing of exposed sap.
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