动态第260页 - 绿手指 - 养花技巧、花生病了怎么办、花园打理和设计

2018年04月29日

If you're a vegetable gardener who enjoys growing green beans (Phaseolus vulgaris), you can choose from dozens of different varieties, all flavorful when picked at their peak from a home garden. For a bean that's equally good picked young or at a more mature stage, try a flat-podded green bean variety. Often called Italian beans, the plants thrive and produce a heavy crop when given sun, well-drained soil and a bit of extra care. [图片]Getting Started Like all green beans, Italian beans are frost-sensitive and grow as annuals in all parts of the United States. If winter temperatures drop below freezing and spring is cool where you live, wait until all danger of frost has passed and your soil temperature is at least 60 degrees Fahrenheit, to ensure seed germination by eight to 10 days after planting. You can choose Italian beans that grow as tall vines -- pole beans -- or as more upright plants -- bush beans. For example, a cultivar called 'Romano' is a pole bean that's 6 to 9 feet tall and yields beans in about 60 days, while a bush variety of 'Roma II' is only about 20 inches tall and takes 53 days to produce beans for harvest. If you grow a pole type, space seeds about 4 to 6 inches apart in rows, or plant in small hills, with four to six seeds per hill. Space rows about 3 feet apart and allow 30 inches between hills. For bush beans, plant in rows with 2 to 4 inches between seeds and 18 to 24 inches between rows. For any type, plant seeds about 1 inch deep and water well after planting. Sun, Soil and Water For strong plants that produce a heavy crop of beans, choose a planting spot that gets full sun for most of the day. These plants grow in any type of garden soil that's well-drained and don't require fertilization. Instead of fertilizing, boost the soil's fertility by adding about 2 inches of compost to your planting area before seeding, mixing it into the soil well. [图片]The plants do best when they receive even moisture. One inch of water each week, including rain, is ideal. Good moisture is especially important during blooming and when pods start forming, so provide extra water during dry spells. Water with a soaker hose or drip irrigation to keep foliage dry and prevent fungal growth. Adding about 2 inches of mulch under the plants also helps conserve soil moisture. Other Requirements If you grow pole-type Italian beans, provide a trellis or fence at least 5 feet tall to keep vines off the soil, but set this in place before planting to avoid damaging plant roots. The plants produce tendrils that naturally adhere to wire or string.

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Miss Chen

2018年04月29日

When growing exotics like white eggplants (Solanum melongena var. esculentum), it's not always easy to tell when the fruit is ready for picking, but even these ghostly varieties tell you when to harvest with their subtle signs. [图片]White vs. Purple Eggplants Eggplants, both the traditional purple varieties and the exotic-looking white ones belong to the group of culinary or edible eggplants listed under the scientific name Solanum melongena var. esculentum, or alternately Solanum esculentum__. They are frost-tender perennials which grow in U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 9 through 12. In the vegetable garden eggplants typically are treated as annuals in all climates. Identifying Ripe Eggplants White edible eggplants turn ivory or white when ripe and have a glossy sheen. Once overripe, the skin starts to take on a yellow hue and loses its shine. Ripe white eggplants feel firm to the touch with a slight give when pressed. Cut one open and the seeds will look white or cream. Once the seeds start to darken, the white eggplant is overripe. White eggplants take about 75 days from planting to harvest, with some variation depending on the individual variety. Overripe eggplants get spongy and take on a bitter taste. How to Harvest Step 1 Put on gloves to protect your hands from the slightly prickly eggplant stems. Step 2 Hold the ripe white eggplant in one hand and cut through the thick stem right above the point where it attaches to the fruit. Eggplants have a green hat-shaped stem that grows over the top part of the fruit. Make your cut right above this point. [图片]Step 3 Sanitize your knife blade before harvesting other garden vegetables by soaking it for five minutes in a container filled with equal parts rubbing alcohol and water. Allow the blade to dry before closing or storing. Edible White Eggplant Varieties 'Casper' (Solanum melongena var. esculentum 'Casper') is an ivory or cream white eggplant variety with mature fruits that grow 5 to 6 inches long. It has a delicate flavor and texture. 'Casper' takes 70 days to mature for harvest. 'Easter Egg' (Solanum melongena var. esculentum 'Easter Egg') looks a bit like an egg with its slightly oblong, rounded shape and white skin. This little edible eggplant that also has ornamental value and is ready for harvest 52 to 64 days after planting. The hybrid variety 'Gretel' (Solanum melongena var. _esculentum 'Gretel'_) is a miniature white eggplant with a mature size of 3 to 4 inches long. You can start harvesting 'Gretel' 55 days after planting. If you're looking for an eggplant to grow in a container, try this dwarf variety. 'Comet' (Solanum melongena var. esculentum 'Comet'), a hybrid eggplant variety that ripens to pure white, has 10-inch-long, 2-inch-diameter fruits. 'Comet' has thin, delicate skin and takes 70 days from planting to harvest. 'White Star' (Solanum melongena var. _esculentum 'White Star'),_ is a hybrid type with oblong, white-skinned fruit. This mild, slightly sweet eggplant variety takes 75 days from planting to harvest.

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Miss Chen

2018年04月29日

Avocados generally ripen within two to three days after you purchase them, but you can slow down the ripening process if you do not plan to use them soon. If you need to use the avocado sooner, you can speed up the ripening process so that the avocado feels soft and has a darker green appearance. [图片]Step 1 Select avocados that are light green and firm. Store the avocados in the refrigerator in the produce drawer. Step 2 Keep the avocados in the refrigerator for three to five days. The refrigerator helps to slow down the ripening. [图片]Step 3 Remove the avocados from the refrigerator two days before you plan to prepare them. Place them in a warm location so that they will ripen fully. If you need the avocados to ripen faster, store them in a brown paper bag with a ripe banana.

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Miss Chen

2018年04月29日

Too much water leads to root rot, while not enough causes splitting and hotness. If you get the seeds in the ground two to three weeks before the last winter frost, they'll be ready for eating radishes in 25 to 45 days. Radish seeds must remain moist for proper germination and sprouting to occur. This process takes five to 10 days. Implement a dedicated watering routine once the radish leaves appear. Proper watering practices ensure an ample amount of flavor and crunch. [图片]Weeding Pull out all weeds and keep them out during radish germination. If the seeds have to compete with nutrient-depleting weed roots, growth and yield will be stifled. Place a surveyor's stake at each end of the row where you'll be planting the seeds and then tie a string between the two. If any plant grows that isn't beneath this string, rip them out. Early and daily weeding practices will keep both you and the radishes from getting overwhelmed. Preparing the Soil Wait for the soil temperature to remain above 40 degrees. Rough up the soil with a garden fork and mix in 2 to 4 inches of organic compost. Apply 2 to 4 cups of all-purpose fertilizer over every 100 square feet of soil. Work the compost and fertilizer into the first 6 inches of the seedbed. Radishes do best when grown in sandy, well-draining soils. If you have clay-type soil, amend it with 3 inches of peat moss. Mix the peat moss in with the soil. Planting Plant the seeds 1/2 to 1 inch deep in a row beneath the string. Spacing doesn't matter at this point, but try to plant a seed every ½ inch. If you want more than one crop, plant new seeds every 10 days while temperatures remain below 80 degrees. Hotter temperatures make radishes bitter and hollow. Spring and fall are the best times to plant radishes. [图片]Watering Radishes need water, but not too much. Radishes will thrive in a seedbed with proper drainage. Keep the soil evenly moist, but not soaked. Don't allow the soil to completely dry out before watering. This causes the roots to crack. The soil should always feel wet to the touch. If you live in an arid climate where evaporation is a problem, mulch around the plants with a 2-inch layer of lawn clippings. The mulch keeps the weeds down. Harvesting Pull up ripe radishes after 25 to 45 days. Shake off the soil and wash them clean. Cut the leaves and root tip from the bulb with a sharp knife. Store uneaten radishes in the refrigerator inside a water-filled dish. The water keeps them from drying out and cracking.

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Miss Chen

2018年04月29日

Bell peppers ripen in shades of yellow, orange, red, green or purple. The seeds inside the peppers appear disc-shaped and white. The small seeds require specific light and temperature settings for them to germinate. The seeds are often germinated indoors to control the conditions. Bell pepper seeds will germinate in eight to 10 weeks depending on the variety and growing environment. After the seeds germinate, you can harvest the peppers in 65 to 70 days. [图片]Step 1 Select fresh bell peppers and cut the tops off with a knife. Scoop the insides out of the pepper with a spoon. Remove any debris from the seeds and spread them on a pepper towel in a single layer. Step 2 Place the paper towel with the seeds on a plate. Place the seeds outdoor in the sun or next to a sunny window. Allow the bell pepper seeds to dry for five to six days. Step 3 Store the pepper seeds in a paper envelope. Store the envelope in a dry location until early spring arrives. Step 4 Fill seed starting pots with seed starting soil. Warm the soil to 80 degrees F by placing the pots under a heat lamp. [图片]Step 5 Soak the bell pepper seeds in warm water for three hours. Sow two bell pepper seeds in each container. The seeds require a shallow planting, so plant them twice as deep as their diameter. Step 6 Cover the pots with a clear plastic bag or a plastic dome that comes with seed starting pots. Inspect the soil daily to ensure that it does not dry out completely. Water the soil so that it remains moist. Avoid overwatering the seeds because it can lead to fungal infestations. Step 7 Maintain the 80 degrees F temperature under the heat lamp. Keep the bell peppers under the heat for 16 hours a day. Always check the soil temperature to ensure that it remains between 80 and 90 degrees F during the daytime. Turn the heat lamp off for eight hours at night so that the soil temperature remains above 60 degrees F. Continue to repeat the heat and light conditions until the seeds germinate. Step 8 Thin the bell pepper seeds to one healthy seedling to each pot once one set of true leaves develops. Transplant the bell pepper seedlings outdoors once the threat of frost passes and the soil temperature remains above 50 degrees F. Space the pepper plants 12 to 18 inches apart.

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Miss Chen

2018年04月29日

龙骨花株形高大.花大色鲜,在我国南方的公园或植物园里,常栽植于墙垣下、岩石旁.任其吸附攀援生长.自然美观,给园景添色增辉。龙骨花是我国广泛采用的优良砧木用材.用其嫁接仙人掌.亲和率强,成活率高.接穗生长快捷旺盛。在原产地,人们常将其果实作为水果食用.味道清甜可口。在我国南方的福建、广东一带.龙骨花的花已成了珍贵的美味菜肴,无论是新鲜的或是晒干了的花.都可配以肉类炒食或煮汤,不但味省鲜美.还有清补的药物功效。 [图片]龙骨花有毒吗? 龙骨，在家居的应用上，除了具有化煞的作用以外，还具有很好的净化作用，对于新装修的家庭和写字楼之间的房子来说，对甲醛、苯、氡、氨、TVOC有很好的吸附效果。不过，将龙骨种植在室内要比较注意，因为龙骨肉质茎上有锐刺，而且茎中白色的乳汁有毒，尤其不能入眼，所以在家中培养是要特别注意放置地点，以避免儿童和老人扎伤中毒。再者，龙骨花耐干旱，耐晒，适于阳光充足的地方，不宜在室内比较阴暗的地方，所以置于室内观赏的龙骨花，应尽量放在靠近日光的窗边。龙骨花大而霸气，而且龙骨是仙人掌科的，外形就给人感觉就是生长在沙漠中生命力极强的植物，所以在家中种上一盆龙骨，既给家里增添霸气的感觉，也增添不少生机。不过小编暖心建议，家里有小朋友的家庭不太适宜种植龙骨花哦。 [图片]家庭养护基本信息量天尺喜温暖湿润、阳光不太强的生长环境.适应于富含腐殖质、透水性能良好的沙壤土,忌粘重、贫疮积水的土质。量天尺不耐寒.在华南温暖地区.可露地栽植.在北方冷凉地区.冬季应有保暖措施.才能安全越冬.在保持土壤相对干燥的情况下,可耐4度低温。

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Miss Chen

2018年04月29日

相信很多朋友都被乙女心拽入过深不见底的肉坑中，它那可以，娇滴的外表收获了不少粉丝。而小编的内心就曾被这小小的乙女心深深的撼动过。但很多人光看它的外表都会以为它是非常娇贵的植物，其实不然，它可是非常皮实（东北话）的植物，下面小编就给大家介绍一下它的管理方法。乙女心管理方法 [图片]1、乙女心需要接受充足日照叶色才会艳丽，株型才会更紧实美观，叶片才会矮小不徒长。日照(全日照)太少则叶色浅，叶片排列松散;乙女心多年群生后，植株非常壮观，老杆磕磕巴巴都是叶片留下的痕迹，只有木质杆的顶端会有少量叶片，养殖的介质一定要乾燥后才浇水，换盆后浇水不宜多，叶片增大时稍增加;较喜肥。秋季可施肥1~2次，需控制氮肥用量。 [图片]2、乙女心整个夏季会进入休眠期必须少水或不给水，到了9月中旬温度下来了，就开始恢复浇水，适应了露天环境的乙女心夏天还是可以正常生长的，休眠不太明显。冬季如果温度能够保持0度以上，都是可以给水的，0度以下就要断水，否则会冻伤。冬季虽然寒冷，可也不是一个冬季都不给一点水，也会在适当的时候微微给点水在植株的根部，切勿喷雾或给大水，叶心水分停留太久，虽然不会烂但容易让叶片变的难看，春季温度上升后就可以慢慢恢复正常给水。乙女心是非常好养的一个品种，四季中除了夏季要注意适当遮阳，其他季节都可以全日照。 [图片]乙女心叶形叶色较美，有一定的观赏价值;如果将乙女心盆栽放置在于电视、电脑旁，不仅可吸收辐射，亦可栽植于室内以吸收甲醛等物质，净化空气呢。 [图片]乙女心植株较粗壮，且容易繁衍。淡绿色的叶子在秋冬的时候会在叶尖乃至整个叶片呈现绮丽的粉红色，放置在干燥温差大的地方颜色会更加鲜艳美丽。乙女心茎部不太粗但能够形成木质的枝干，会随着时间的推移而逐渐群生。 [图片]乙女心扦插与叶插都可以，全年都可以进行。用剪刀剪头，用刀砍都可以，晾干伤口，干土发根，不要怕它们皱，给水很快就会恢复饱满的。

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Miss Chen

2018年04月29日

铁皮石斛是石斛中的极品，具有独特的养阴生津效果，受到历代医家和医学典籍的推崇，生津、降血糖作用、增强机体免疫力等较高的药用价值。下面教大家如何选购正宗的铁皮石斛，不是包装精美，产品就优质的。 [图片]一、如何选购正宗的铁皮石斛铁皮石斛目前主要分两种，一种是多糖含量高，主要用作保健品，如：霍山石斛、铁皮石斛、齿瓣石斛;另外一种是用于石斛茶或药物原料的，如：金钗石斛、马鞭石斛、鼓槌石斛、水草石斛、铜皮石斛、串珠石斛等品种。目前铁皮石斛价格相差10倍以上。在如此多的品种中，能一一将其枫斗鉴别准确的业界人士并不多。长期从事科研人员鉴别石斛不仅是看叶、鲜品、干品、枫斗、要品尝，还得观看其花的形状，石斛主要成分包括石斛多糖，石斛甘露糖，石斛碱、毛兰素等成分。人们识别石斛品种的方法，当前主要是看其多糖含量。《中华人面共和国药典》记载，铁皮石斛与其他品种石斛功效基本相同。从主要成分含量不同而其用途有所区分。霍山石斛、铁皮石斛、齿瓣石斛主要成分是多糖，常用于作保健品。金钗石斛、流苏石斛石斛碱含量高，鼓縋石斛等毛兰素含量高。选择石斛要查其颜色，观其形状，闻其味道，嚼其胶质。颜色为铁皮色的为之上品;形状卷得严实，卷的圈术多;石斛香味重，嚼下去胶质多为之上品。其中香味为评价石斛的最重要的标准。另外，石斛的单位重量也能看出石斛的品质，单位重量越重的石斛(即越重称)，质量越好。市面上石斛的种类很多，选择石斛要查其颜色，观其形状，闻其味道，嚼其胶质。颜色为铁皮色的为之上品;由于铁皮石斛产量有限，价格昂贵，市面上大量充斥的是以水草冒充的铁皮石斛，尤其以药房居多。正宗的铁皮石斛只有少数，如福临门铁皮石斛、同仁堂等大型品牌能够买到真正的铁皮石斛。如果是过节送礼，选用北京同仁堂比较合适，包装漂亮，不过价格不菲;如果是家人自用，选福临门的铁皮石斛最实惠，品质也不错。 [图片]二、铁皮石斛价格取决因素 1、含量铁皮石斛目前以粘液汁含量高，嚼起来粘口、粘牙的最好。多糖含量高的石斛滋补效果更好，因此，在挑选铁皮石斛时要仔细确认石斛的多糖含量。 2、颜色铁皮石斛的价格与其外观颜色有关，铁皮石斛加工成的干品，往往做成卷曲成团的是铁皮枫斗。铁皮石斛主要生长在高山峻岭悬崖峭壁和岩石缝隙中或是高大的乔木上，是国家重点二级保护的珍稀濒危植物，它因表皮呈铁绿色而得名，因此铁皮石斛外观颜色看起来越铁绿色，价格自然会更高。 3、规格越大的铁皮石斛量越少，物以稀为贵。铁皮石斛的药用部位是茎，其质量评判是：纤维少、富含黏液。因此铁皮石斛劲越粗价格越高。

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Miss Chen

2018年04月29日

碧玉小型盆栽。常用白色塑料盆、白瓷盆栽培，置于茶几、装饰柜、博古架、办公桌上，十分美丽。或任枝条蔓延垂下，悬吊于室内窗前或浴室处，也极清新悦目。养在家里面，对房间内的空气还能很好的起到净化作用。尤其是刚刚装修好的新房子，更适合养上一盆，它可以很好的分解空气中的有毒气体，给我们营造一个健康的环境。碧玉还是防辐射最好的植物。对于一些电脑和手机上面的辐射，可以很快将它们吸收，让我们的身体变得健康。另外它的植株是绿色的，所以我们在眼睛比较疲劳的时候，看上它一眼，可以很快的缓解我们的疲劳，保护了我们的视力。这样的植物若不入手一盆，是不是有些可惜呢？下面小编就给大家讲解一下它的养殖方法及注意事项。 [图片]一、碧玉的养殖方法 1.土壤选择碧玉要求腐殖质丰富、疏松、排水良好的土壤环境。盆土用腐叶土7份、河沙3份，加少量基肥配成培养土;或用泥炭土6份、珍珠岩4份及少量基肥混合配制。 2.施肥方法碧玉通常2～3年更新1次培养土。生长期间，每隔15～20天追施1次腐熟液肥或氮磷化肥，浓度为饼肥15%～20%，氮磷复合肥0.2%～0.3%。对花叶品种可减少氮肥的施用量，以使叶片上的斑纹更加显著。碧玉施肥不必太勤，一般春秋季节每隔10天左右施1次20%腐熟饼肥水就可以。夏季高温，停止施肥以免烂根。 3.浇水方法生长旺季要充分浇水，尤其在高温季节，浇水量要大，并向叶面喷水，增加土壤湿度和空气湿度，保持叶面清洁、翠绿。豆瓣绿在湿度较大的环境中生长繁茂，叶色鲜艳，有生气。但也有较强的抗旱能力，在北方干燥的环境中也能生长良好。浇水要盆土干湿相宜，生长过程中，春秋是生长发育旺季，水量多些。夏季天气炎热但植株因温度高其生长反而缓慢，可早晨或傍晚各浇1次，高温多湿茎叶易烂，具体看天气及盆土而定。盆土应略偏干一些，因其茎叶肉质肥厚，过湿易使根部腐烂，特别是冬季因气温低，呈休眠状态，盆土宜带干。 4.光照要求碧玉较耐阴，四季均可放室内有明亮散射光处培养。春秋季可多见些光，冬季放朝南窗沿附近多见阳光，夏季放朝北窗台莳养。光线适宜时叶色艳丽，光线太强或太暗都会使叶色失去娇艳色彩。 5.温度要求碧玉性喜温暖、湿润、半阴的环境，耐高温，生长适温为25℃左右，冬季在10～15℃可以正常生长，10℃以下停止生长，5℃以下受害，低于0℃会受冻死亡。 [图片]二、碧玉养殖的注意事项（1）株高10厘米左右时摘心，促进侧枝萌发，使植株更丰满。（2）碧玉的栽培养护管理比较简单，平时管理注意光线适度，春秋季节气候温和，阳光不太强烈，可把盆栽放置室外。但夏季不能受强光直射，尤其不能放在西晒太阳的场所，否则会造成枝叶发黄。因此在夏季，需把盆移到阳台、走廊等凉爽遮荫处或放置在室内，既可避免阳光晒，又可点缀室内。（3）它的叶片肥厚，上面被有蜡质层，贮水力强，蒸腾量小，即便在生长旺季也不需要过多的水分。春旱季节以及冬季供暖充足时应提高室内空气湿度，可以向叶面上喷雾。夏季闷热应加强通风，否则容易脱叶。（4）碧玉不耐霜冻，在秋末后应移到室内培养。严寒冬季尽量放在朝南窗口有阳光的地方，室温5℃就能安全越冬。（5）一般2～3年生的植株生长发育较好，3年以上植株长势逐渐衰退，应考虑更新。此外，为了保持植株叶色翠绿，3年以后需要更新。

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Miss Chen

2018年04月29日

黑麦草为高尔夫球道常用草，在温带和寒带地区则用针叶树等常绿树种造景；同时黑麦草生长快、分蘖多、能耐牧，是优质的放牧用牧草，也是禾本科牧草中可消化物质产量最高的牧草之一，养价值高，富含蛋白质、矿物质和维生素，其中干草粗蛋白含量高达25%以上，且叶多质嫩，适口性好，可直接喂养牛、羊、马、兔、鹿、猪、鹅、鸵鸟、鱼等。今天小编来介绍一下它的种植方法，只需五步，轻松学会。 [图片]第一步：土地选择黑麦草对土壤要求不严格，尤其是稻田，土壤一般熟化程度高且有良好排灌条件，都适合黑麦草栽培。第二步：品种选择以在短暂的冬季获得高产优质青饲料为生产目的的，一般应选用较为早熟的品种，可选用四倍体Tetragold、阿伯德、赣选一号、妙奇青叶以及二倍体樱早生和早生丰等品种。第三步：播种期黑麦草种子发芽的适宜温度为13—20℃，低于5℃或高于35℃时发芽困难。因此，播种期应根据不同的播种方法进行选择，一般在10月中旬至11月下旬播种为好。 [图片]第四步：播种方法黑麦草的播种方法可根据不同需要而选择，在劳力紧张的情况下可选择稻底撒播，在需要尽早供草的情况下可选用育苗移栽。稻底撒播：在晚稻收获前20—30天，将黑麦草种子播入晚稻种群的土壤表面，播种前，将黑麦草种子用温水(以35℃左右为宜)浸泡5—8小时，捞起沥干后拌上细砂撒播，播种量为15—2公斤/亩，收稻谷时尽量低刈，以免稻茬影响今后黑麦草的收割。育苗移栽：在晚稻收获前20—30天，按4—5公斤/亩的播种量，先在已整好的苗床上育苗，晚稻收获后栽种于稻田中，随移随栽，每穴两苗，穴距20—30厘米。每亩苗床可满足8—10亩大田生产所需的种苗(实际用种量为05公斤/亩)。采用育苗移栽，可提早供草，一般在12月底或1月初便可提供青饲料。第五步：田间管理黑麦草喜湿又怕水浸，所以一定要及时排灌水。此外，黑麦草对氮肥反应敏感，施肥并结合灌水，可以大大提高黑麦草的产量与质量。黑麦草在播种前一定要施足基肥，出苗后要进行追肥，可在三叶期和分蘖期各追肥一次，每次用复合肥5—10公斤。以后每割一次，也要追肥一次，亩施复合肥10—15公斤，宜在收割4—6天后进行。为避免土壤地力下降，宜施用复合肥，尽量避免施用尿素;全栽培期施肥量为75—100公斤/亩。六、收割利用：当黑麦草高40—50厘米时，可开始割第一次草，以后可根据需要，每15—30天收割一次，每次割草注意留茬高5厘米，以利再生。为不影响早稻生产，一般应在早稻插秧前15天左右进行最后一次刈割，割后立即翻耕沤田，在翻耕时，每亩可撒施15—20公斤石灰，以加速黑麦草根系的分解，同时可兼作田间消毒，促进水稻生长。以上就是小编为您介绍的黑麦草种植方法，希望能够帮助到您。

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