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Miss Chen
2017年12月19日
Miss Chen
[图片]吸毒草，株高50厘米，茎叶具有肥皂香味，轮伞形花序，唇形淡粉紫色花，花期7-8月。耐热耐寒，较耐干旱耐水涝，也耐修剪。立冬前修剪一次，可安全越冬。 吸毒草是一种十分耐寒的植物，即使在零度以下的低温，依然绿油油的一片。它很受蜜蜂喜欢，浅绿色的叶子十分漂亮，揉一揉会闻到一股柠檬的香味。如柠檬般清香，可去除头痛、腹痛、牙痛。并有助于治疗支气管炎以及消化系统疾病。 [图片]吸毒草可以放在卧室里吗 与许多植物一样，吸毒草同样也不适合放在卧室里哦。吸毒草具有较强大的净化能力，可以吸收空气中的有害气体，比如甲醛、氨气、异味等，美化周围的环境，因而很多花友往往喜欢将它放在卧室里养护，然而这其实是错误的做法，吸毒草是不适合长期摆放在卧室里的。 吸毒草不可以放在卧室里的原因 虽然吸毒草具有较好的吸附性能，但是同大多数植物的生长特性一样，在夜晚吸毒草会进行呼吸作用，释放出二氧化碳等气体，与人争夺氧气，不利于夜间休息和人体健康。为了避免造成这个问题，同时又能达到净化卧室空气的目的，可以在白天将吸毒草放置于卧室光照良好的地方，等到了晚上记得要将它搬出去就可以了。
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Miss Chen
2017年12月19日
Miss Chen
[图片]观音竹是我国传统的阴生观叶植物之一，栽培历史悠久，深受人们的喜爱，因为常种在庙宇附近，就像是庙宇的守护神，所以人们又称它为观音棕竹。观音竹在民间被认为是一种吉祥植物，能够化煞驱邪、保住宅平安，人们常在房前屋后和庭院中种植。在风水学上，棕竹也属于“吉利之物”，种植、摆放在阳台上，可辟邪、保居室平安。 观音竹有强大的生旺作用，风水上有生旺作用的阳台植物均高大而粗壮，愈厚大愈青绿则生旺效果愈佳。观音竹是很典型的例子，把它放在门口，相信财气会不请自来。观音竹乃是护宅驱邪植物，如果觉得家人总是生病，工作总是不顺利，学习总是退步，可以应该放一棵观音竹在门前，让观音竹把邪气赶走，还你一个幸福的家。观音竹属水性植物，门口向东的房子可以摆放一棵观音竹，可改善肾和肝的健康状况。 [图片]能否放在卧室 说到卧房，它是我们日常生活中不可缺少的睡觉之地，这是日常活动中比较关键的位置。通常我们都会将卧房装饰的美观舒适，这样能够是我们更好的休息。有时候我们会将一些植物放到卧房内进行装饰，那么观音竹如何呢？ 观音竹是可以放置在卧房养的，一般有人会质疑，植物到了晚上不是会进行呼吸，从而吸收卧室内的氧气吗，其实对于观音竹来说，它所吸收的氧气微乎其微，而且呼出的气体也比较少。 观音竹的优点 通过各方面的研究，发现观音竹有改善空气的作用，它可以消灭空气中含有百分之八十的有害物质。同时，观音竹能够有效的消除重大金属污染的环境，对抵挡二氧化硫物质有很高的效果。如果房间行过装修没多久，也可以将观音竹放置在卧室，这样可以清除残留的甲醛。观音竹还有一大妙用，就是当成药物来进行使用，它能够帮助治疗咳嗽，对肺部还有良好的滋润效果，还有医治蛇咬的作用。 水培观音竹 虽说有些植物对人体没有太大的危害，但是在卧室中还是要减少放置的数量，太多的话就会起到负面的效果，影响人体睡眠质量。一般放在室外阳台进行养殖，这样还能满足其生长所需的光照，有利于观音竹的生长。
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Miss Chen
2017年12月19日
Miss Chen
[图片]袖珍椰子植株小巧玲珑，株形优美，姿态秀雅，叶色浓绿光亮，叶片平展，成龄株如伞形，端庄凝重，古朴隽秀，叶片潇洒，玉润晶莹，给人以真诚纯朴，生机盎然之感，具有很高的观赏价值。 [图片]是否适合放卧室？ 一般来说，植物的生长都是需要光照的，而且它们能够在白天产生氧气，到了晚上就会吸收氧气，因此，袖珍椰子也是同样的道理。如果将袖珍椰子放到卧室里的话，很容意因为光线不好的原因，使袖珍椰子只吸收氧气而不能通过光合作用产出氧气。晚上睡觉时，就会跟我们抢夺卧室内仅有的新鲜氧气，造成空气的浑浊，极大程度上会降低我们的睡眠的品质。所以，我们最好还是不要将它放到卧室内。偶尔在白天将其放在卧室起到美观的作用还是可以的，到了晚上就要将它搬到卧室外边。 适合放置的位置 通常我们都会用袖珍椰子来装饰客厅、会议室、吧台、书房等室内一些地方，它能够让室内看起来更加的具有热带特色和氛围。种植袖珍椰子的时候，要控制植株的高度不能高于1米，它的茎很直，没有任何的分枝，在茎的顶端会生出翠绿的叶片。袖珍椰子会在春天的时候开出花朵，花朵一般为黄色，而且还会带有同样颜色的小果子，美观性十分的高，养殖袖珍椰子需要精心的照料，这样才能使其更加的美观。
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Miss Chen
2017年12月19日
Miss Chen
[图片]孔雀竹芋植株密集丛生挺拔株高20-60厘米。叶柄紫红色， 从根状茎长出，叶片薄革质，卵状椭圆形，长10-20厘米，宽5-10厘米黄绿色，在叶的表面绿色上隐约呈现着一种金属光泽，且明亮艳丽，主脉两侧交互排列，羽状暗绿色长椭形的绒状斑纹，与斑纹相对的叫背面为紫色，左右交互排列。 叶片有 “睡眠运动 ， 即在夜间叶片从叶鞘部向上延至叶片，昱抱茎折叠，翌晨阳光照射后重新展。 [图片]孔雀竹芋适合放在室内养护吗？ 孔雀竹芋是放在可以室内的，但是放在室内的话，有优点也有缺点。优点是，孔雀竹芋白天会进行光合作用，提供氧气，美化居室，陶冶情操，并能增加室内空气湿度。但缺点是孔雀竹芋晚上会吸收氧气，与人争二氧化碳，因为孔雀竹芋的株型并不大，其“危害性”并不高。如果觉得不安全，可以放在其他区域，或者晚上将其移出卧室。 孔雀竹芋放在卧室有什么好处 其实家中的植物，大家都会想要了解这种植物是否有毒，孔雀竹芋是大家很喜欢的一种植物，是无毒的，大家可以放心的在家中养护。其实孔雀竹芋净化空气的本领很强大，虽然比不上吊兰，但要比其他的植物高很多，放在卧室内可以清除甲醛以及氨气，这个可比空气净化器方便省心多了。 放在室内养护的植物有什么条件 卧室是大家休息的地方，并不是所有的植物都可以放在卧室，而且有些植物放在卧室长得未必会很好。卧室可以放一下能吸收二氧化碳的植物，比如说盆栽的柑桔、迷迭香、吊兰、斑马叶等，它们香味并不浓烈，不至于被熏得头昏脑涨的。当然像绿萝这样喜水的植物，也可以养在卧室，可以让卧室内的空气保持在最佳状态。
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Miss Chen
2017年12月19日
Miss Chen
Description: This perennial plant is about ½–¾' tall and occasionally to abundantly branched. The foliage of this plant smells like mint when it is crushed. The stems are light green to reddish purple, 4-angled, and glabrous or nearly so; sometimes the sides of the stems have longitudinal central grooves. Pairs of spreading opposite leaves occur along these stems. Individual leaves are ½–1" long and about 3 mm. (1/8") across; they are linear to linear-oblong in shape, entire (smooth) along their margins, and sessile. Smaller pairs of secondary leaves often develop from the axils of the preceding leaves, and sometimes even smaller tertiary leaves develop from the axils of the secondary leaves, causing the leaves along the stems to appear whorled. Both the lower and upper surfaces of these leaves are yellowish green to medium green and glabrous; both surfaces are also pitted with transparent glands (use a 10x hand lens to see). The tips of the leaves are bluntly acute to acute. Individual leaves have prominent central veins. Solitary flowers develop from the axils of the leaves. Because such flowers can develop from primary, secondary, and even tertiary leaves, they often appear to occur in clusters (up to 6 flowers per node). Each flower is about 12 mm. (½") long, consisting of a pale lavender (rarely white) trumpet-shaped corolla with 2 lips, a light green to reddish purple calyx that is tubular in shape with 5 teeth, 4 stamens with pale lavender anthers and white filaments, and a pistil with a single divided style. The corolla is slightly compressed (flattened), becoming wider toward its lips; the upper lip consists of a pair of adjacent upper lobes that are erect-recurved, while the lower lip consists of 3 lower lobes that are slightly descending and spreading. All of these lobes have rounded margins. The outer upper surface of the corolla is finely hairy. Two stamens are slightly exserted near the upper lip, while the remaining pair of stamens are inserted. The style is also inserted within the corolla. [图片]The tubular calyx is about one-third the length of the corolla; it is slightly compressed (flattened) and there are 10 fine longitudinal ribs along its length. The teeth of the calyx are narrowly triangular. The slender pedicels of the flowers are 6-10 mm. (about 1/3") in length. The blooming period occurs from early to late summer, lasting about 2-3 months. Afterwards, the flowers are replaced by small nutlets (4 nutlets per flower). These nutlets are up to 1 mm. across, brown, and finely pitted. The root system is fibrous and stoloniferous. Outside of the main growing season, this plant also produces a low rosette of basal leaves; the latter are substantially wider than the opposite leaves. [图片]Cultivation: The preference is full or partial sun, moist to mesic conditions, and calcareous soil that is sandy or rocky. This plant could be cultivated in sunny rock gardens. It doesn't tolerate much competition from taller ground vegetation. Standing water is tolerated if it is temporary. During hot dry spells, this plant should be watered. Range & Habitat: Low Calamint occurs primarily in NE Illinois, where it is uncommon and native (see Distribution Map). Rather oddly, this plant is widespread in Missouri, but it hasn't been found in southern Illinois. Habitats consist of mesic gravel prairies, sandy savannas, limestone glades, limestone cliffs, rocky areas along springs, moist sand flats along Lake Michigan, and fens. Low Calamint is found in high quality natural areas. [图片]Faunal Associations: The flowers are probably cross-pollinated by bees. Both nectar and pollen are available as floral rewards. The larvae of a fly, Ophiomyia labiatarum, bore through the stems of Calamint species (Spencer & Steyskal, 1986). Because the foliage of this plant has a strong mint fragrance, it is probably avoided by mammalian herbivores. Photographic Location: The wildflower garden of the webmaster, and the edge of a sand flat near Lake Michigan in NE Illinois. [图片]Comments: Low Calamint (Clinopodium arkansanum) has an unstable taxonomic history, and it has several scientific synonyms, including Satureja arkansana, Satureja glabella angustifolia, Calamintha arkansana, and Clinopodium glabrum. Another common name for this plant is Limestone Calamint. It is a bushy-looking little plant that becomes attractive during its peak flowering period (typically mid-summer), when numerous small flowers are in bloom at the same time. It also has a fairly long period of bloom. Low Calamint can be distinguished from similar plants by the strong mint fragrance of its crushed foliage, hairless or nearly hairless foliage, short narrow leaves without significant teeth, finely ribbed calyces, and solitary axillary flowers (although it can appear to have clusters of flowers if secondary and tertiary leaves are produced). Other species of plants in the Mint family that have foliage with a mint fragrance include mint, spearmint, and peppermint (Mentha spp.), and American Pennyroyal (Hedeoma pulegioides). Compared to Low Calamint, the various mints have wider leaves with conspicuous teeth and their flowers occur in dense axillary or terminal clusters. American Pennyroyal differs by having hairy stems, slightly wider leaves with petioles, and smaller flowers (about 6 mm. or ¼" in length) with shorter pedicels.
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Miss Chen
2017年12月19日
Miss Chen
Description: This biennial or short-lived perennial plant initially forms a low rosette of spiny basal leaves up to 1' across. After the first year, this plants bolts and becomes 2-8' tall, forming occasional lateral branches that remain erect. The light green stems have white hairs, but they are without spines. The alternate leaves are quite spiny, pinnately lobed, and up to 9" long and 3" across. They are green on the upper surface, but powdery white on the lower surface because of minute fine hairs. Flowerheads with little or no scent occur individually on erect flowering stems in the upper part of the plant. These flowerheads are about 2" across and light pink (rarely white), consisting of numerous disk florets. At the base of each flowerhead, there are overlapping floral bracts (phyllaries) that are light green with white central veins; they resemble fish scales. Each floral bract has a single golden spine that is slender, but sharp. Underneath the base of each flowerhead, there are a few leafy bracts that resemble the alternate leaves, but they are smaller in size and more ascending. The blooming period is from late summer to fall, lasting about a month for individual plants. The achenes develop with tufts of white hair, which facilitates their dispersal by wind. The root system consists of a central taproot and some coarse secondary roots. Vegetative spread by rhizomes does not occur. Cultivation: The preference is full sun, soil containing loam or clay-loam, and mesic levels of moisture. During summer droughts, there is a tendency for the lower leaves to turn yellow and fall off the plant. This is an easy plant to grow, but it has a tendency to appear rather the worse for wear as the growing season progresses. Pasture Thistle is short-lived, but reseeds itself readily. Range & Habitat: This native plant occurs in virtually every county in Illinois (see Distribution Map); it is common within the state. Habitats include moist to dry prairies, openings in woodland areas, moist meadows near rivers, limestone glades, pastures and abandoned fields, open areas along railroads and roadsides, and waste areas. This plant is more abundant in disturbed areas, including degraded prairies, but also occurs in higher quality habitats. [图片]Faunal Associations: The most important pollinators of the flowers are bumblebees, digger bees (Melissodes spp.), leaf-cutting bees (Megachile spp.), and butterflies. One of these bees, Melissodes desponsa, is an oligolege (specialist pollinator) of Cirsium spp. Among the butterflies, are such floral visitors as Monarchs, Fritillaries, Painted Ladies, Swallowtails, and Sulfurs. Sphinx moths and bee flies also visit the flowers for nectar. The caterpillars of the butterfly Vanessa cardui (Painted Lady) feed on the foliage, while the caterpillars of several moths feed on the foliage and other parts of this and other thistles (see Moth Table). Other insect feeders include Cassida rubiginosa (Thistle Tortoise Beetle), Euphoria inda (Bumble Flower Beetle), Brachycaudus cardui (Thistle Aphid) and Capitophorus elaeagni (Artichoke Aphid), Melanoplus borealis (Northern Grasshopper), and many others. Among vertebrate animals, the Eastern Goldfinch eats the seeds and uses the tufts of hair as lining material in its nests. The Ruby-Throated Hummingbird has been known to visit the flowers of thistles for nectar. Mammalian herbivores avoid this plant because of the spines. [图片]Photographic Location: The photographs were taken near Kaufman Lake Park in Champaign, Illinois. Comments: This native plant can be distinguished from the non-native Cirsium vulgare (Bull Thistle) by the white undersides of its leaves. Also, the floral bracts subtending the flowerheads of Bull Thistle have thick coarse spines, whereas the bracts of the Pasture Thistle have slender golden spines.. Otherwise, they are similar in appearance. Sometimes this plant can be aggressive in disturbed areas, but not to the same extent as the Bull Thistle. It is possible to boil the young leaves and stems and serve them as edible greens. During the month of August, when other forbs are less likely to flower, this plant produces some patches of pink color, making the prairie more interesting during this time of year.
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Miss Chen
2017年12月19日
Miss Chen
Description: This perennial plant is 2-5' tall, and is either unbranched or sparsely branched. The smooth stems are round or somewhat angular; they often become reddish in the sun near the inflorescence. The willow-like hairless leaves are up to 5" long and ¾" across. They are narrowly lanceolate or linear, with margins that are smooth or slightly serrated (widely spaced), and are sessile or with short petioles. The central stem and upper side stems each terminate in an elongated raceme of showy flowers, about 3-8" long. These flowers range in color from pink to magenta, depending on the local ecotype. [图片]Each flower is about 1" across, consisting of 4 petals and 4 sepals. The petals are narrow at the base, but become broad and rounded toward their tips. The sepals are long and narrow; they are usually a darker color than the petals. In the center of the flower, there are up to 8 long white filaments with large magenta anthers; these anthers eventually shrivel and turn brown. The pedicels of the flowers are rather long and colored magenta. The blooming period occurs primarily from early to late summer, and lasts about a month. There is no floral scent. The flowers quickly wither away, and are replaced by seedpods that are long and narrow. These seedpods split into multiple sections, beginning at their tips (each section curling backward), and release a multitude of tiny seeds with small tufts of white hair. These seeds are readily dispersed by the wind, and can travel a considerable distance. The root system is fibrous and rhizomatous, which enables this plant to form colonies. Cultivation: The preference is full or partial sun, moist conditions, and cool to warm temperatures. This plant becomes dormant during hot summer weather. The soil should contain abundant organic matter, with or without sand. A low pH is tolerated, if not preferred. This plant is fairly easy to grow, even under conditions that are not entirely suitable for it, but it has difficulty competing with plants that are better adapted to hot, dry summer weather. Foliar disease is not troublesome; however, the stems are easily broken. In warmer areas with a long growing season, Fireweed will bloom during early summer, while in cooler, boreal areas, it tends to bloom later in the summer. Close-up of Leaf Range & Habitat: The native Fireweed is a rare plant that occurs in only a few counties of NE and north central Illinois (see Distribution Map). It is more common further to the north in Wisconsin. Habitats include moist sedge meadows, woodland borders, damp ravines, sandy marshes near dunes, remnant bogs, and areas where trees and brush have been removed by fire. This plant is confined to cooler areas of Illinois where the climate has been made more moderate by the influence of the Great Lakes. It is not really a plant of the open prairies, but can be found sometimes in moist meadows. Fire stimulates the germination of this plant's seeds and helps to eliminate competitors, hence the common name. Faunal Associations: Primarily long-tongued bees visit the flowers for pollen and nectar, including bumblebees and leafcutting bees (Megachile spp.). Smaller short-tongued bees and Syrphid flies also visit the flowers, but they seek pollen and are probably less effective at pollination (personal observations, Mitchell (1960/1962). Other insects feed on the foliage, sap, and other parts of Fireweed (Chamerion angustifolium), including such species as Altica tombacina (a flea beetle), Bromius obscurus (a leaf beetle), leaf-mining larvae of Mompha communis (a Momphid moth), larvae of Hyles lineata (White-lined Sphinx) and Hyles galii (Galium Sphinx), nymphs of Aphrophora gelida (Boreal Spittlebug), Aphis oenotherae (Evening Primrose Aphid), Aphis salicariae (Dogwood-Fireweed Aphid), and Aphis varians (Currant-Fireweed Aphid); see Clark et al. (2004), Needham et al. (1928), Wagner (2005), Marshall (2006), Robinson & Bradley (1965), and Blackman & Eastop (2013). Many of these insects are found north of Illinois where Fireweed is more common. The seeds of this plant are too small to be of much interest to birds. The foliage is palatable to various mammalian herbivores, but it has relatively low food value. Photographic Location: The photographs were taken at the webmaster's wildflower garden in Urbana, Illinois. Comments: Fireweed (Chamerion angustifolium) is attractive while in bloom, but it becomes ragged in appearance afterwards. This plant can't be confused with most willow-herb species (Epilobium spp.) because of their much smaller flowers. However, its flowers are similar in size to those of Hairy Fireweed (Epilobium hirsutum), which is not native to Illinois. This latter plant has spreading hairs that are soft and long, while Fireweed (Chamerion angustifolium) is hairless. A scientific synonym of this plant is Epilobium angustifolium.
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Miss Chen
2017年12月19日
Miss Chen
Description: This annual plant sprawls across the ground, forming a low mat of leafy stems up to 12" across. The central stem divides early, forming numerous lateral stems that also divide. The stems are terete, pale red, and hairless. At intervals, pairs of opposite leaves occur along the stems that are ¼-¾" in length; they are about 3 times as long as they are across. Individual leaves are narrowly oblong in shape and smooth along their margins; there is a tendency for the lower half of a leaf to be slightly wider than its upper half. The upper leaf surface is medium green and hairless, while the lower surface is pale green and hairless. At the base of each leaf, there is a short slender petiole. White to light green stipules occur below pairs of new leaves; the stipules are sharply and deeply cleft into linear to lanceolate lobes with narrow pointed tips. These stipules soon wither away. Both the stems and the leaves exude a milky latex when they become damaged. Tiny flowers with cyathia (cup-like structures) develop near pairs of leaves; there is normally only a single cyathium (cup-like structure) per pair of leaves. The cyathium is less than 2 mm. long; its outer surface is light green and hairless. Each cyathium has a short stalk at its base that is terete and pale red. Along the upper rim of the cyathium, there are 4 nectar glands with tiny petaloid appendages. These petaloid appendages are white and barely perceptible without magnification; sometimes they are absent. Between the nectar glands along the upper rim of the cyathium, there are tiny linear-lanceolate lobes that are erect. From the center of the cyathium, there develops a single female flower on a short stout pedicel that becomes more long and curved with age. The female flower consists of a naked 3-celled ovary with a short tripartite style at its apex. This ovary is light green, hairless, and globoid in shape. Several male flowers develop underneath the female flower within the cyathium; each male flower consists of a single stamen. The blooming period occurs from mid-summer into the fall. The ovaries of female flowers develop into seed capsules about 1/8" (3.0-3.5 mm.) across; these capsules are globoid with 3 shallow longitudinal lobes and they are hairless. Each cell of a capsule contains 1-2 seeds that are 2.0-2.5 mm. long, narrowly ovoid in shape, and relatively smooth (although minutely pitted under magnification). Seeds are ejected from their capsules at maturity. The root system consists of a slender branching taproot. This plant spreads by reseeding itself. Cultivation: The preference is full sun, mesic to dry conditions, and very sandy soil. This little plant has a C4 metabolism, which enables it to withstand hot dry conditions. [图片]Range & Habitat: The native Seaside Spurge is found primarily along Lake Michigan; it has also been found in Fulton County, although this interior location is highly unusual for this species (see Distribution Map). Seaside Spurge is rare in Illinois and state-listed as 'endangered.' Outside of the state, this species is found along the coastal areas of the Great Lakes (except for Lake Superior) and it is also found along the Atlantic coast, particularly in sandy areas such as beaches. In Illinois, habitats consist of sandy beaches along Lake Michigan, sand dunes near Lake Michigan, and a dry sand prairie in Fulton County. This plant is very specialized in its habitat preferences; it is vulnerable to development in coastal areas and trampling by people along beaches. Faunal Associations: The flowers attract small bees and flies (mainly Syrphidae). These insects obtain nectar from the flowers; in addition, the bees may collect pollen. Insects that feed on the foliage or plant juices of Chamaesyce spp. (Prostrate Spurges) include the aphid Macrosiphum euphorbiae, the plant bug Semium hirtum, and the leaf beetle Glyptina leptosoma. Bird that eat the seeds of these plants include the Greater Prairie Chicken, Northern Bobwhite, Horned Lark, Chipping Sparrow, and Mourning Dove. Because the seeds have oily elaiosomes, they are dispersed to some extent by ants. [图片]Photographic Location: A sandy beach at Indiana Dunes State Park in NW Indiana. Comments: Some authorities refer to this species as Euphorbia polygonifolia. Seaside Spurge is a member of a small group of prostrate spurges (Chamaesyce spp.) that are often difficult to distinguish. They are mainly native to Illinois, although a few species are adventive from the western states. Seaside Spurge can be be distinguished from most species in this genus by its hairless leaves and stems, its hairless ovaries and seed capsules, and the smooth toothless margins of its leaves. Another prostrate spurge, Chamaesyce geyeri (Geyer's Spurge), also has these characteristics, but its seeds (about 1.5 mm. long) and seed capsules (2.0-2.5 mm. long) are smaller in size than those of Seaside Spurge.
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Miss Chen
2017年12月19日
Miss Chen
Description: This annual plant is ½-2' tall, branching occasionally. Shorter plants are erect, while taller plants are inclined to sprawl. The slender hairless stems are initially light green, but become reddish brown. The alternate compound leaves are medium to dark green. They have petioles with nectaries that attract insects. Each compound leaf has up to 20 leaflets, which are somewhat sensitive to touch. A leaflet is about 2/3" long and 1/3" across. It is hairless and oblong. The bright yellow flowers appear along the major stems near the axils of the leaves. They are about 1" across, and have an open, irregular shape. Each flower has 5 rounded petals that vary in relative size, and there are about 10 reddish stamens. There is no floral scent. The blooming period is quite long, from mid-summer to fall. During the fall, pods develop that are initially hairy green, but later become hairless and dark brown. They are about 2½" long, ¾" across, and rather flat. The seeds are dark brown, rather flat, and slightly pitted. The root system consists of a central taproot and smaller auxillary roots. Cultivation: The preference is full sun and average to dry conditions. The soil can contain sand, loam, gravel, or clay, to which this plant will add nitrogen. It favors poor soil because of reduced competition from other plants. Partridge Pea is easy to grow, but can spread readily in dry, open situations. It's not usually bothered by disease. Range & Habitat: The native Partridge Pea is widespread and locally common in Illinois, except in some northern counties, where it is uncommon or absent (see Distribution Map). Habitats include mesic to dry black soil prairies, sand prairies, savannas, limestone glades, abandoned fields, open areas along railroads and roadsides. Sometimes Partridge Pea is deliberately planted to stabilize banks around ditches and other areas, from where it frequently escapes. This plant favors disturbed areas. Faunal Associations: Long-tongued bees are responsible for pollination of the flowers, which includes such visitors as honeybees, bumblebees, long-horned bees (Melissodes spp.), and leaf-cutting bees (Megachile spp.). They are attracted to the food pollen of the purple anthers, and are then dusted by the reproductive pollen of the yellow anthers. Two species of bees, Anthophora walshii and Svastra atripes atripes, are oligoleges of Partridge Pea. Sometimes leaf-cutting bees cut off portions of the petals for their brood chambers. The flowers are usually cross-pollinated by insects, but sometimes they are self-pollinating. The petiolar nectaries attract a completely different assortment of insects, which includes such visitors as Halictid bees, wasps, flies, and ants (Robertson, 1929). Unusual visitors to the nectaries are velvet ants (Mutillidae), which are hairy wingless wasps (in the case of the females). The caterpillars of several sulfur butterflies feed on the foliage of this plant, including Eurema lisa (Little Sulfur), Eurema nicippe (Sleepy Orange), and Phoebis sennae cubule (Cloudless Sulfur); see Opler & Krizek (1984). Other insects that feed on Partridge Pea include Cerotoma trifurcata (Bean Leaf Beetle) and Sennius cruentatus (Partridge Pea Seed Beetle); see Clark et al. (2004) and Vestal (1913). The seeds are an important food source for the Bobwhite Quail and Greater Prairie Chicken (Martin et al., 1951/1961; Yeatter, 1943). Because the foliage is strongly cathartic, it is usually avoided by grazing animals (Georgia, 1913). However, White-Tailed Deer occasionally browse on the foliage in limited amounts. [图片]Photographic Location: The photographs were taken at Judge Webber Park in Urbana, Illinois. Comments: This is one of the few annual plants of the prairie that are non-parasitic on the roots of perennial plants. The Partridge Pea is quite attractive in regards to both its foliage and flowering habit, providing quick bloom during the first year of a wild flower garden.
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权问薇
2017年12月18日
权问薇
[图片]修剪的意义 对它们下面的枝条和中心部位的枝条，很可能会因为光照不足而生长不良，甚至渐渐死掉，很容易出现只有外面一层开花里面却已经枯死的问题。这时就一定要适当的修剪一下，在上面和侧面生长的健壮枝条要合理，把多余的枝条剪掉，这样才能有效利用这点空间，剪掉一些枝条反而可以增加开花的数量。 修剪的时间 在定植2-3a的时候，正好处于茎和枝长的都比较好的时段，这期间及时修剪，也能不断的自己增加侧枝的数量。枝条的数量增加了，花芽也就越来越多了，这样一年年下来，开花的数量一点会越来越多。这段时间可以主要是草去短截的方法，轻剪即可。目的是让他们萌发出新的枝条。 在定植4-5a的时候，这段时间树植物生长的已经很慢了，整个植株的大小形状基本上已经稳定了，这时候主要剪下那些不好的枝，已经干枯的，已经生病生虫的等等。每个主干茎上面只保持在5-7个枝条就可以，要均匀一点。这样既能有很好的接受阳光的能力，还能让整株不至于太稀，形状也好看。 [图片]注意事项 多年生产的苦水玫瑰可能就会慢慢衰老了，这时可以直接在霜降左右进行复壮操作，也就是全部戒掉主干以上的枝条，让他们重新发芽，这样大约第二年的时候就能长出新芽，第三年就会复壮成功。
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