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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月09日
A walk on the wild side is not necessary if you want to enjoy the sight of masses of Red Valerian, because this wildflower is very much at home in urban settings too.
Identification
A perennial plant with braching stems and opposite grey-green lanceaolate leaves, stalked near the base of the plant and unstalked further up, Red Valerian grows to a height of 80cm. Stems are topped by dense panicles of red, pink or white flowers. (White and red forms often grow together - there is an example further down on this page.)
Individually the flowers are 8-10mm long and comprise a corolla in the form of a slender tube with five lobed petals of unequal length and a small spur at the base.
Distribution
Originally a wildflower of the Mediterranean region, this European wildflower has been introduced into the wild in northern Europe, mainly via garden escapes. In parts of Australia and North America where Red Valerian occurs it is an introduced alien species.
Habitat
Between the stonework of walls, bridges and other vertical surfaces seem to be very attractive to this pretty wildflower, which is most commonly seen in coastal districts. Red Valerian is a common sight on railway embankments and coastal paths and on some reservoir dam walls.
Blooming Times
The flowers first appear towards the end of May, andyou will find red valerian (which also has a white variety, as shown above) in flower right through to the end of September and in sheltered places right through to the end of the year.
Uses
The leaves of Red Valerian and roots can be eaten - the leaves either fresh in salads or lightly boiled, and he roots boiled in soups. Opinions differ as to whether either makes particularly good eating. Although Red Valerian is reported by some sources to have medicinal properties, this is probably due to confusion with Common Valerian, Valeriana officinalis.
Identification
A perennial plant with braching stems and opposite grey-green lanceaolate leaves, stalked near the base of the plant and unstalked further up, Red Valerian grows to a height of 80cm. Stems are topped by dense panicles of red, pink or white flowers. (White and red forms often grow together - there is an example further down on this page.)
Individually the flowers are 8-10mm long and comprise a corolla in the form of a slender tube with five lobed petals of unequal length and a small spur at the base.
Distribution
Originally a wildflower of the Mediterranean region, this European wildflower has been introduced into the wild in northern Europe, mainly via garden escapes. In parts of Australia and North America where Red Valerian occurs it is an introduced alien species.
Habitat
Between the stonework of walls, bridges and other vertical surfaces seem to be very attractive to this pretty wildflower, which is most commonly seen in coastal districts. Red Valerian is a common sight on railway embankments and coastal paths and on some reservoir dam walls.
Blooming Times
The flowers first appear towards the end of May, andyou will find red valerian (which also has a white variety, as shown above) in flower right through to the end of September and in sheltered places right through to the end of the year.
Uses
The leaves of Red Valerian and roots can be eaten - the leaves either fresh in salads or lightly boiled, and he roots boiled in soups. Opinions differ as to whether either makes particularly good eating. Although Red Valerian is reported by some sources to have medicinal properties, this is probably due to confusion with Common Valerian, Valeriana officinalis.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月09日
Bees, butterflies and those people who look closely at wildflowers are attracted to these spectacular wildflowers, but for different reasons.
Identification
A perennial with finely bristly erect grey-green stems, Greater Knapweed grows up to 1.2m in height and its upper part branches freely. Knapweeds are readily distinguished from thistles by the absence of spines and prickles.
Greater Knapweed leaves are alternate, stalked, dark green and slightly leathery; mostly they are pinnately lobed (but irregularly divided) with a few narrow leaflets.
Flower heads, 3 to 5cm across, are borne singly or occasionally a few in an open cyme. Unlike Common Knapweed, which only occasionally has rayed flowers, the violet flowers of Greater Knapweed are nearly always rayed. Within each floret there are five stamens and a pistil of two fused carpels.
The flower head is backed by an almost spherical involucre comprising overlapping bracts that are green at the base and blackish brown at the fringed tips. (The bases of the bracts of Common Knapweed are brown rather than green, and this is a key distinguishing feature which can easily be observed in the field - very helpful when the flowers are in rayed form.)
Distribution
Very common throughout Most of Britain and Ireland except for the far north of Scotland, where it is an occasional find, Greater Knapweed is a European native species that has been introduced to many other parts of the world including North America, where it has become naturalised but generally sparsely distributed across the central region and in parts of Canada..
Habitat
Greater Knapweed if found in dry grassland, in hedgerows, on chalk downland, and and on cliff tops on lime-rich soil.
Blooming Times
In Britain and Ireland Greater Knapweed flowers first appear in July (slightly later than those of Common Knapweed) and continue into September.
Uses
The leaves of this plant were used to treat scabies, a contagious and painful skin infection caused by mites that burrow into the skin - see Etymology, below. (We strongly advise against eating or using as medicines any plants without first obtaining professional advice.)
Insects, including bees and butterflies (notably the Marbled White Melanargea galathea, as seen in the picture above) , are very fond of these long-flowering plants. Burnet Moths, Zygaena species, are often seen in great numbers on Greater Knapweed Centaurea scabiosa and other members of the Centaurea genus.
Identification
A perennial with finely bristly erect grey-green stems, Greater Knapweed grows up to 1.2m in height and its upper part branches freely. Knapweeds are readily distinguished from thistles by the absence of spines and prickles.
Greater Knapweed leaves are alternate, stalked, dark green and slightly leathery; mostly they are pinnately lobed (but irregularly divided) with a few narrow leaflets.
Flower heads, 3 to 5cm across, are borne singly or occasionally a few in an open cyme. Unlike Common Knapweed, which only occasionally has rayed flowers, the violet flowers of Greater Knapweed are nearly always rayed. Within each floret there are five stamens and a pistil of two fused carpels.
The flower head is backed by an almost spherical involucre comprising overlapping bracts that are green at the base and blackish brown at the fringed tips. (The bases of the bracts of Common Knapweed are brown rather than green, and this is a key distinguishing feature which can easily be observed in the field - very helpful when the flowers are in rayed form.)
Distribution
Very common throughout Most of Britain and Ireland except for the far north of Scotland, where it is an occasional find, Greater Knapweed is a European native species that has been introduced to many other parts of the world including North America, where it has become naturalised but generally sparsely distributed across the central region and in parts of Canada..
Habitat
Greater Knapweed if found in dry grassland, in hedgerows, on chalk downland, and and on cliff tops on lime-rich soil.
Blooming Times
In Britain and Ireland Greater Knapweed flowers first appear in July (slightly later than those of Common Knapweed) and continue into September.
Uses
The leaves of this plant were used to treat scabies, a contagious and painful skin infection caused by mites that burrow into the skin - see Etymology, below. (We strongly advise against eating or using as medicines any plants without first obtaining professional advice.)
Insects, including bees and butterflies (notably the Marbled White Melanargea galathea, as seen in the picture above) , are very fond of these long-flowering plants. Burnet Moths, Zygaena species, are often seen in great numbers on Greater Knapweed Centaurea scabiosa and other members of the Centaurea genus.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月09日
Identification
A hairy perennial with stiff erect ribbed stems, Common Knapweed grows up to a metre in height and its upper part branches freely. Knapweeds are readily distinguished from thistles by the absence of spines and prickles.
Common Knapweed leaves are dull green and finely hairy, but in other respects they vary greatly. The upper leaves are usually narrow and entire (without lobes) and untoothed, while the lower leaves are sometimes lobed and have coarse teeth.
The flower-head is hard and solid, a mass of dark-brown-fringed green bracts overlapping over each like roof tiles. The flowers, which are hermaphrodite (having both male and female reproductive organs) look rather like pinkish-purple shaving brushes, with the bracts serving as stubby handles. Each 'flower' comprises many tubular florets, and generally all of similar length; however, rayed forms of Common Knapweed do occur, when the outer florets are more like those of Greater Knapweed Centaurea scabiosa. (The bracts of these species are very different: green bracts in the case of Greater Knapweed; brown in Common Knapweed.)
Distribution
Very common throughout Most of Britain and Ireland except for the far north of Scotland, where it is an occasional find, Common Knapweed is a European native species that has been introduced to many other parts of the world including North America, where it has in places become a nuisance weed because it so easily invades places where the soil has been disturbed.
Habitat
Common Knapweed grows wherever grass is not closely cropped. It is often abundant beside lakes and streams in southern Britain, especially where grazing animals have been fenced off from themargins.
Blooming Times
In Britain and Ireland Common Knapweed flowers first appear in June and continue into September.
Uses
In 14th century Britain this wildflower was known as Matfellon, and it was eaten with pepper at the start of a meal to stimulate the appetite. Knapweed flowers are edible and can be added to salads, but the tough bracts are definitely not worth trying. In Wales, the Physicians of Myddfai included Common Knapweed with many other herbs in a potion to counteract the toxins in Adder bites. (We strongly advise against eating or using as medicines any plants without first obtaining professional advice.)
Insects, including bees and butterflies, are very fond of these long-flowering plants. Seen on the left is a Six-spot Burnet Zygaena filipendulae which, in central and southern Britain in particular, is a common sight on the flowers of Common Knapweed Centaurea nigra and other members of the Centaurea genus.
A hairy perennial with stiff erect ribbed stems, Common Knapweed grows up to a metre in height and its upper part branches freely. Knapweeds are readily distinguished from thistles by the absence of spines and prickles.
Common Knapweed leaves are dull green and finely hairy, but in other respects they vary greatly. The upper leaves are usually narrow and entire (without lobes) and untoothed, while the lower leaves are sometimes lobed and have coarse teeth.
The flower-head is hard and solid, a mass of dark-brown-fringed green bracts overlapping over each like roof tiles. The flowers, which are hermaphrodite (having both male and female reproductive organs) look rather like pinkish-purple shaving brushes, with the bracts serving as stubby handles. Each 'flower' comprises many tubular florets, and generally all of similar length; however, rayed forms of Common Knapweed do occur, when the outer florets are more like those of Greater Knapweed Centaurea scabiosa. (The bracts of these species are very different: green bracts in the case of Greater Knapweed; brown in Common Knapweed.)
Distribution
Very common throughout Most of Britain and Ireland except for the far north of Scotland, where it is an occasional find, Common Knapweed is a European native species that has been introduced to many other parts of the world including North America, where it has in places become a nuisance weed because it so easily invades places where the soil has been disturbed.
Habitat
Common Knapweed grows wherever grass is not closely cropped. It is often abundant beside lakes and streams in southern Britain, especially where grazing animals have been fenced off from themargins.
Blooming Times
In Britain and Ireland Common Knapweed flowers first appear in June and continue into September.
Uses
In 14th century Britain this wildflower was known as Matfellon, and it was eaten with pepper at the start of a meal to stimulate the appetite. Knapweed flowers are edible and can be added to salads, but the tough bracts are definitely not worth trying. In Wales, the Physicians of Myddfai included Common Knapweed with many other herbs in a potion to counteract the toxins in Adder bites. (We strongly advise against eating or using as medicines any plants without first obtaining professional advice.)
Insects, including bees and butterflies, are very fond of these long-flowering plants. Seen on the left is a Six-spot Burnet Zygaena filipendulae which, in central and southern Britain in particular, is a common sight on the flowers of Common Knapweed Centaurea nigra and other members of the Centaurea genus.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月09日
This annual wild flower, a close relative of the knapweeds, grows up to 0.8m in height with tough, greyish-green loosely branching stems and lanceolate leaves up to 4cm long. What makes the Cornflower such a memorable sight is the intense blue of its flowers, which like other members of the Daisy family comprise a cluster of central disc florets (these are more of a violet blue) surrounded by an unusually small number (typically 12) of ray florets. The ray florets are pure blue and widely spaced, with a trumpet-like appearance.
Distribution
Cornflowers were once very common on wasteland and on arable farmland in Britain and Ireland. The use of agricultural herbicides has virtually eradicated this beautiful wildflower from the British landscape, and it is now only seen if seed has been deliberately spread.
In some parts of southern Europe where intensive farming regimes have not yet been adopted it is still common to see cornfields flushed with bright blue and scarlet due to the presence of Cornflowers and Common Poppies. These wildflowers may be no good for cattle fodder, but they are excellent food for the human spirit!
Centaurea cyanus is also found in many parts of North America, where it is a naturalised introduced species and, as in Europe, a very popular choice for growing from seed in parks and gardens.
Habitat and Blooming Times
In Britain and Ireland Cornflowers grow wild in just a few cornfields where the land is not subjected to heavy doses of 'weedkiller' and artificial fertilliser; there are also odd patches of 'wasteland' where cornflowers still grow wild. For the most part, however, where you see Cornflowers in a wildflower meadow in Britain or Ireland they will have been grown from 'wildflower seed mixtures'. Rarely do such meadows maintain their brilliance for more than a year or two before they need topping up with more intriducerd seeds; even so, a planted Cornflower meadow is a wonderful sight. (The meadown on the left, in Hampshire, England, is a fine example of what can be achieved.)
Cornflowers bloom from late June until the first frosts of autumn, and in southern Britain, where the last few truly self-sustaining populations are, they are usually at their best in July.
Similar Species
A close relative, Centaurea montana, is a creeping perennial that is often grown in parks and gardens.
Distribution
Cornflowers were once very common on wasteland and on arable farmland in Britain and Ireland. The use of agricultural herbicides has virtually eradicated this beautiful wildflower from the British landscape, and it is now only seen if seed has been deliberately spread.
In some parts of southern Europe where intensive farming regimes have not yet been adopted it is still common to see cornfields flushed with bright blue and scarlet due to the presence of Cornflowers and Common Poppies. These wildflowers may be no good for cattle fodder, but they are excellent food for the human spirit!
Centaurea cyanus is also found in many parts of North America, where it is a naturalised introduced species and, as in Europe, a very popular choice for growing from seed in parks and gardens.
Habitat and Blooming Times
In Britain and Ireland Cornflowers grow wild in just a few cornfields where the land is not subjected to heavy doses of 'weedkiller' and artificial fertilliser; there are also odd patches of 'wasteland' where cornflowers still grow wild. For the most part, however, where you see Cornflowers in a wildflower meadow in Britain or Ireland they will have been grown from 'wildflower seed mixtures'. Rarely do such meadows maintain their brilliance for more than a year or two before they need topping up with more intriducerd seeds; even so, a planted Cornflower meadow is a wonderful sight. (The meadown on the left, in Hampshire, England, is a fine example of what can be achieved.)
Cornflowers bloom from late June until the first frosts of autumn, and in southern Britain, where the last few truly self-sustaining populations are, they are usually at their best in July.
Similar Species
A close relative, Centaurea montana, is a creeping perennial that is often grown in parks and gardens.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月09日
Family - Apiaceae
Stems - To 1m tall, glabrous, herbaceous, carinate, erect, branching, from thickened roots.
Leaves - Alternate, sessile, ternately divided. Petiolules winged. Petiolule of terminal leaflet to -4cm long. Petiolule of lateral leaflets to 1.5cm long. Wings -1mm broad. Leaflets glabrous, serrate, typically ovate-lanceolate, often irregularly divided again. Larger leaflets to 7cm long, 2.5cm broad.
Inflorescence - Terminal compound umbels. Main rays +/-20, to +4cm long, glabrous, subtended by attenuate bracts. Bracts to 4mm long. Rays of umbellets to 4mm long, glabrous. Central flower of each umbellet sessile.
Flowers - Petals 5, yellow, 2mm long, glabrous, incurved. Stamens 5, alternating with petals, spreading to erect, exserted. Filaments pale yellow, 1.8mm long. Anthers yellow, .3mm long. Fruit to ovoid-oblong, to 4mm long, 2mm broad.
Flowering - April - June.
Habitat - Prairies, glades, fields, thickets, rich open woods.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - The species name - aurea - means "golden" and the flowers are certainly that. This species is quite striking when in flower and usually occurs in colonies. The flower petals are typically always folded in on themselves.
The plant has been used historically as a fever remedy and for other ailments but the plant is mildly toxic and should not be eaten.
Stems - To 1m tall, glabrous, herbaceous, carinate, erect, branching, from thickened roots.
Leaves - Alternate, sessile, ternately divided. Petiolules winged. Petiolule of terminal leaflet to -4cm long. Petiolule of lateral leaflets to 1.5cm long. Wings -1mm broad. Leaflets glabrous, serrate, typically ovate-lanceolate, often irregularly divided again. Larger leaflets to 7cm long, 2.5cm broad.
Inflorescence - Terminal compound umbels. Main rays +/-20, to +4cm long, glabrous, subtended by attenuate bracts. Bracts to 4mm long. Rays of umbellets to 4mm long, glabrous. Central flower of each umbellet sessile.
Flowers - Petals 5, yellow, 2mm long, glabrous, incurved. Stamens 5, alternating with petals, spreading to erect, exserted. Filaments pale yellow, 1.8mm long. Anthers yellow, .3mm long. Fruit to ovoid-oblong, to 4mm long, 2mm broad.
Flowering - April - June.
Habitat - Prairies, glades, fields, thickets, rich open woods.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - The species name - aurea - means "golden" and the flowers are certainly that. This species is quite striking when in flower and usually occurs in colonies. The flower petals are typically always folded in on themselves.
The plant has been used historically as a fever remedy and for other ailments but the plant is mildly toxic and should not be eaten.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月09日
Family - Violaceae
Stems - To +20cm tall, glabrous below but with some pubescence in distinct vertical lines on stem ridges, nearly hirsute above, herbaceous, from thick roots, erect to ascending.
Leaves - Basal leaves petiolate. Petiole to 15cm long, with erect hairs in vertical lines. Blade cordate to reniform, crenate-serrate, 4-5cm long, +3cm broad, glabrous. Cauline leaves with shorter petioles, stipulate. Stipules lanceolate, oblique at base, 5-7mm broad, 1-3cm long, with a few coarse teeth, glabrous. Petioles more densely pubescent than basal petioles. Blades cordate, acute, shallow coarse serrate, glabrous above, pubescent on veins below, 4-5cm broad, 4cm long.
Inflorescence - Single axillary flowers. Peduncles sparsely to moderately pubescent, 6-7cm long, 1.1mm in diameter.
Flowers - Petals yellow, with some brownish-black striping, to 1.3cm long. Lateral petals bearded at throat. Lowest petal saccate at base. Stamens 4, with filaments connate around ovary. Stigma globose with tufts of hairs from opposing sides. Ovary 1-locular. Placentation parietal. Sepals 5, green with lighter margins, lanceolate, +/-8mm long, 3mm broad, glabrous. Margins minutely ciliate at base. Fruits ovoid to globose, lanate.
Flowering - March - May.
Habitat - On rich wooded slopes, thickets.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - You can't miss this plant in the wild. Like most of the Violets, it blooms early and shows up well against the dark forest floor. The corolla is yellow which makes for easy identification in the wild.
Steyermark lists two varieties for the plant. Variety leiocarpa (Fern. & Wieg.) Fern. has glabrous fruits. Variety pensylvanica has pubescent fruits. Both varieties are common in the state with the var. leiocarpa being a bit more frequent.
Stems - To +20cm tall, glabrous below but with some pubescence in distinct vertical lines on stem ridges, nearly hirsute above, herbaceous, from thick roots, erect to ascending.
Leaves - Basal leaves petiolate. Petiole to 15cm long, with erect hairs in vertical lines. Blade cordate to reniform, crenate-serrate, 4-5cm long, +3cm broad, glabrous. Cauline leaves with shorter petioles, stipulate. Stipules lanceolate, oblique at base, 5-7mm broad, 1-3cm long, with a few coarse teeth, glabrous. Petioles more densely pubescent than basal petioles. Blades cordate, acute, shallow coarse serrate, glabrous above, pubescent on veins below, 4-5cm broad, 4cm long.
Inflorescence - Single axillary flowers. Peduncles sparsely to moderately pubescent, 6-7cm long, 1.1mm in diameter.
Flowers - Petals yellow, with some brownish-black striping, to 1.3cm long. Lateral petals bearded at throat. Lowest petal saccate at base. Stamens 4, with filaments connate around ovary. Stigma globose with tufts of hairs from opposing sides. Ovary 1-locular. Placentation parietal. Sepals 5, green with lighter margins, lanceolate, +/-8mm long, 3mm broad, glabrous. Margins minutely ciliate at base. Fruits ovoid to globose, lanate.
Flowering - March - May.
Habitat - On rich wooded slopes, thickets.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - You can't miss this plant in the wild. Like most of the Violets, it blooms early and shows up well against the dark forest floor. The corolla is yellow which makes for easy identification in the wild.
Steyermark lists two varieties for the plant. Variety leiocarpa (Fern. & Wieg.) Fern. has glabrous fruits. Variety pensylvanica has pubescent fruits. Both varieties are common in the state with the var. leiocarpa being a bit more frequent.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月09日
Family - Asteraceae
Stems - To 3m tall, herbaceous, erect, multiple from the base, branching, winged, glaucous. Wings to +2mm broad, antrorse strigose on the margins, sparse pubescent.
Leaves - Alternate, sessile, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, acuminate, reduced upward, dull dark green and scabrous adaxially, light green and less scabrous abaxially, to 25cm long, 7-8cm broad. Margins typically somewhat revolute, shallow serrate. Venation of blade expressed abaxially. Leaf tissue decurrent and winging the stem. Base of leaf and its node often purplish.
Inflorescence - Loose corymbose arrangement of terminal flower heads. Peduncles scabrous, antrorse strigose.
Involucre - Phyllaries uniseriate, reflexed, spatulate to oblanceolate, to 1cm long, 2mm broad, acute, mostly glabrous but with antrorse strigose margins.
Ray flowers - 5-8 per flower head, reflexed at maturity, sterile. Ligule yellow, +/-2.2cm long, +/-8mm broad, glabrous, with a single notch at the apex. Corolla tube greenish, antrorse strigose. Achene green in flower, 1.2mm long in flower. Pappus of two awns.
Disk flowers - Disk becoming globose with age. Corolla 5mm long, constricted for the basal 1mm, glabrous and yellow externally, 5-lobed. Lobes erect, 1.2mm long, acute. Stamens 5, included, adnate at the apex of the constriction of the corolla tube. Filaments 1mm long, compressed, with an obvious midvein, glabrous. Anthers purple, 2.2mm long, connate around the style. Style bifurcate. Stigmas yellow, curling, slightly exserted. Achenes ovate, compressed, 2mm broad and long in flower, glabrous, with a few hairs on the margins. Pappus of 2 awns. Chaff partially enclosing the achene, acuminate, +/-5mm long, keeled, antrorse strigillose on the margins and keel.
Flowering - August - October.
Habitat - Low open and rich woods, low meadows, valleys and alluvial woods near streams, ditches, thickets, roadsides.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This showy species can be found throughout Missouri and is quite common. The plant is easy to identify in the field because of its winged stems and reflexed ray flowers and phyllaries. Many insects are attracted to the plant and it would do well in cultivation. Another species, V. helianthoides Michx., is similar but has appressed phyllaries and spreading ray flowers. V. helianthoides is less common in Missouri.
Stems - To 3m tall, herbaceous, erect, multiple from the base, branching, winged, glaucous. Wings to +2mm broad, antrorse strigose on the margins, sparse pubescent.
Leaves - Alternate, sessile, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, acuminate, reduced upward, dull dark green and scabrous adaxially, light green and less scabrous abaxially, to 25cm long, 7-8cm broad. Margins typically somewhat revolute, shallow serrate. Venation of blade expressed abaxially. Leaf tissue decurrent and winging the stem. Base of leaf and its node often purplish.
Inflorescence - Loose corymbose arrangement of terminal flower heads. Peduncles scabrous, antrorse strigose.
Involucre - Phyllaries uniseriate, reflexed, spatulate to oblanceolate, to 1cm long, 2mm broad, acute, mostly glabrous but with antrorse strigose margins.
Ray flowers - 5-8 per flower head, reflexed at maturity, sterile. Ligule yellow, +/-2.2cm long, +/-8mm broad, glabrous, with a single notch at the apex. Corolla tube greenish, antrorse strigose. Achene green in flower, 1.2mm long in flower. Pappus of two awns.
Disk flowers - Disk becoming globose with age. Corolla 5mm long, constricted for the basal 1mm, glabrous and yellow externally, 5-lobed. Lobes erect, 1.2mm long, acute. Stamens 5, included, adnate at the apex of the constriction of the corolla tube. Filaments 1mm long, compressed, with an obvious midvein, glabrous. Anthers purple, 2.2mm long, connate around the style. Style bifurcate. Stigmas yellow, curling, slightly exserted. Achenes ovate, compressed, 2mm broad and long in flower, glabrous, with a few hairs on the margins. Pappus of 2 awns. Chaff partially enclosing the achene, acuminate, +/-5mm long, keeled, antrorse strigillose on the margins and keel.
Flowering - August - October.
Habitat - Low open and rich woods, low meadows, valleys and alluvial woods near streams, ditches, thickets, roadsides.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This showy species can be found throughout Missouri and is quite common. The plant is easy to identify in the field because of its winged stems and reflexed ray flowers and phyllaries. Many insects are attracted to the plant and it would do well in cultivation. Another species, V. helianthoides Michx., is similar but has appressed phyllaries and spreading ray flowers. V. helianthoides is less common in Missouri.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月09日
Family - Scrophulariaceae
Stems - To +2m tall at anthesis, from stout taproot, herbaceous, densely stellate pubescent, winged by decurrent leaf tissue, erect, sometimes branching at inflorescence.
Leaves - First years leaves in a basal rosette to +1m in diameter but typically less. Blades entire to crenate to crenate-dentate, to 75cm long, 15cm broad, oblong to narrowly obovate, tapering at base, rounded or subacute at apex, dense stellate pubescent (soft to the touch), with prominent veins below. Margins often undulate. Cauline leaves becoming oblanceolate, sessile, reduced upwards, with tissue decurrent and undulate.
Inflorescence - Indeterminate dense terminal spike to 1m tall (long). Foliaceous to scalelike bracts subtending flowers. Bracts equaling or longer than calyx, dense stellate pubescent.
Flowers - Corolla yellow, zygomorphic, 5-lobed, +/-2.5cm broad. Corolla tube to +/-8mm long. Lobes rounded, stellate pubescent externally, glabrous internally. Stamens 5(3+2), alternating with corolla lobes, adnate on basal half of corolla tube, the upper 3 shorter than the lower 2. Filaments yellow, to 1.1cm long, villous mostly in upper half (hairs fewer and secund on lower two stamens). Anthers orange, 2mm long. Style green, mostly glabrous but with some hairs at base, -1cm long. Stigma capitate. Ovary superior, stellate pubescent to tomentose, 2-locular. Placentation axile. Ovules many. Calyx accrescent, 5-lobed, dense stellate pubescent. Tube to 2mm long. Lobes 5-6mm long, 2-3mm broad at base, lance-acuminate. Capsule to 1cm long, broadly ovoid, stellate pubescent, many-seeded, with persistent style.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - Pastures, fields, waste ground, disturbed sites, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This common plant was one of the first, if not the first, introduced plants from Europe to North America. In Carravaggio's painting "Saint John the Baptist", (painted ~1604AD), V. thapsus is painted at the feet of John the Baptist. Incidentally, this painting is displayed in Kansas City at the Nelson Atkins Museum of Art.
V. thapsus is unmistakable in the field. The fuzzy leaves and long flowering spikes can't be missed. The plant is common throughout Missouri.
Traditionally V. thapsus has been used to cure headaches, fevers, cramps, burns, and a host of other ailments (including cold feet). The plant does contain coumarins and other toxins so it should be used wisely.
Stems - To +2m tall at anthesis, from stout taproot, herbaceous, densely stellate pubescent, winged by decurrent leaf tissue, erect, sometimes branching at inflorescence.
Leaves - First years leaves in a basal rosette to +1m in diameter but typically less. Blades entire to crenate to crenate-dentate, to 75cm long, 15cm broad, oblong to narrowly obovate, tapering at base, rounded or subacute at apex, dense stellate pubescent (soft to the touch), with prominent veins below. Margins often undulate. Cauline leaves becoming oblanceolate, sessile, reduced upwards, with tissue decurrent and undulate.
Inflorescence - Indeterminate dense terminal spike to 1m tall (long). Foliaceous to scalelike bracts subtending flowers. Bracts equaling or longer than calyx, dense stellate pubescent.
Flowers - Corolla yellow, zygomorphic, 5-lobed, +/-2.5cm broad. Corolla tube to +/-8mm long. Lobes rounded, stellate pubescent externally, glabrous internally. Stamens 5(3+2), alternating with corolla lobes, adnate on basal half of corolla tube, the upper 3 shorter than the lower 2. Filaments yellow, to 1.1cm long, villous mostly in upper half (hairs fewer and secund on lower two stamens). Anthers orange, 2mm long. Style green, mostly glabrous but with some hairs at base, -1cm long. Stigma capitate. Ovary superior, stellate pubescent to tomentose, 2-locular. Placentation axile. Ovules many. Calyx accrescent, 5-lobed, dense stellate pubescent. Tube to 2mm long. Lobes 5-6mm long, 2-3mm broad at base, lance-acuminate. Capsule to 1cm long, broadly ovoid, stellate pubescent, many-seeded, with persistent style.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - Pastures, fields, waste ground, disturbed sites, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This common plant was one of the first, if not the first, introduced plants from Europe to North America. In Carravaggio's painting "Saint John the Baptist", (painted ~1604AD), V. thapsus is painted at the feet of John the Baptist. Incidentally, this painting is displayed in Kansas City at the Nelson Atkins Museum of Art.
V. thapsus is unmistakable in the field. The fuzzy leaves and long flowering spikes can't be missed. The plant is common throughout Missouri.
Traditionally V. thapsus has been used to cure headaches, fevers, cramps, burns, and a host of other ailments (including cold feet). The plant does contain coumarins and other toxins so it should be used wisely.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月09日
Family - Scrophulariaceae
Stems - To +1m tall, glabrous below, glandular pubescent in inflorescence, carinate, from large taproot, herbaceous, branching above or simple, erect.
Leaves - Basal leaves in rosette, pinnately lobed, to +17cm long, +/-5cm broad, oblanceolate, sessile, glabrous or with very sparse pubescence below on midrib, often rugose above. Lobes serrate to crenate-serrate or crisped. Cauline leaves alternate, sessile, clasping, biserrate, lanceolate, reduced above, glabrous or with sparse hairs on midrib below. Leaves in inflorescence reduced to bracts.
Inflorescence - Terminal spikiform indeterminate raceme to +40cm tall, elongating in fruit. Flowers subtended by foliaceous bracts. Bracts and axis densely glandular pubescent. Pedicels to +1cm long in flower, longer in fruit, 1.1mm in diameter, dense glandular pubescent.
Flowers - Corolla zygomorphic, 5-lobed, yellow, to -4cm broad. Lobes rounded, glabrous. Stamens 5, filaments to 9mm long, densely villous, the pubescence wine in color. Anthers 3mm broad, bright orange. Style filiform, glabrous, 1cm long, purple. Ovary superior, densely glandular, subglobose, 2-locular. Placentation axile. Calyx 5-lobed, densely glandular pubescent. Tube to -1mm long. Lobes to 8mm long, -3mm broad, recurved, linear. Fruit a globose capsule to 8mm in diameter, many seeded, glandular pubescent.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - Pastures, rocky open ground, waste ground, rocky streambanks, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is an interesting plant. The upper portion of the stems are densely glandular pubescent and the flowers are brilliant and neat to look at. The densely pubescent filaments contrast the yellow of the corolla and make for a striking display. I always wonder why people go to garden centers to buy plants when some of the best plants are growing on the side of the road. This plant is easy to grow from seed and produces huge quantities of it. The globose fruits contain many tiny seeds each.
There is another form of the species, form erubescens Brugger, synonymous with form albiflora (G. Don) House, which has a white corolla, but otherwise is identical. You can find this form in the "White Flowers Leaves Alternate" section of this website. Both forms are common in Missouri except for in the Northwest corner of the state where the plant seems to be absent.
Stems - To +1m tall, glabrous below, glandular pubescent in inflorescence, carinate, from large taproot, herbaceous, branching above or simple, erect.
Leaves - Basal leaves in rosette, pinnately lobed, to +17cm long, +/-5cm broad, oblanceolate, sessile, glabrous or with very sparse pubescence below on midrib, often rugose above. Lobes serrate to crenate-serrate or crisped. Cauline leaves alternate, sessile, clasping, biserrate, lanceolate, reduced above, glabrous or with sparse hairs on midrib below. Leaves in inflorescence reduced to bracts.
Inflorescence - Terminal spikiform indeterminate raceme to +40cm tall, elongating in fruit. Flowers subtended by foliaceous bracts. Bracts and axis densely glandular pubescent. Pedicels to +1cm long in flower, longer in fruit, 1.1mm in diameter, dense glandular pubescent.
Flowers - Corolla zygomorphic, 5-lobed, yellow, to -4cm broad. Lobes rounded, glabrous. Stamens 5, filaments to 9mm long, densely villous, the pubescence wine in color. Anthers 3mm broad, bright orange. Style filiform, glabrous, 1cm long, purple. Ovary superior, densely glandular, subglobose, 2-locular. Placentation axile. Calyx 5-lobed, densely glandular pubescent. Tube to -1mm long. Lobes to 8mm long, -3mm broad, recurved, linear. Fruit a globose capsule to 8mm in diameter, many seeded, glandular pubescent.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - Pastures, rocky open ground, waste ground, rocky streambanks, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is an interesting plant. The upper portion of the stems are densely glandular pubescent and the flowers are brilliant and neat to look at. The densely pubescent filaments contrast the yellow of the corolla and make for a striking display. I always wonder why people go to garden centers to buy plants when some of the best plants are growing on the side of the road. This plant is easy to grow from seed and produces huge quantities of it. The globose fruits contain many tiny seeds each.
There is another form of the species, form erubescens Brugger, synonymous with form albiflora (G. Don) House, which has a white corolla, but otherwise is identical. You can find this form in the "White Flowers Leaves Alternate" section of this website. Both forms are common in Missouri except for in the Northwest corner of the state where the plant seems to be absent.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月09日
Family - Liliaceae
Stems - To +30cm tall, erect, simple to branching above, glabrous, glaucous, fleshy, herbaceous, from rhizomes and thickened roots.
Leaves - Alternate, perfoliate, rounded at base, acute at apex, entire, glabrous, with 3-5 prominent parallel veins, to +8cm long, 3cm broad.
Inflorescence - Single flower terminating stems. Pedicel to 1.5cm long, glabrous. Flowers pendant.
Flowers - Tepals 6, yellow, spirally curled, linear-oblong, entire, acute, glabrous, to +4cm long, 6mm broad. Stamens 6, erect. Filaments compressed, 5mm long, white, glabrous. Anthers 1.6cm long, yellow. Ovary superior, 3-sided, 5mm long, 4mm broad, 3-valved, 3-locular. Placentation axile. Ovules many. Styles 3, connate in basal 1/2, to 1.3cm long, yellowish-green, glabrous. Stigmas slightly curved at apex.
Flowering - April - May.
Habitat - Rich rocky woods, steep slopes, alluvial valleys.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This striking species is common throughout Missouri except in some of the prairie areas. This species is one of the earlier plants to bloom in the spring. Another species, U. sessifolia L. is similar but has sessile leaves, not perfoliate leaves.
The roots and young shoots of U. grandiflora can be eaten. Traditionally, the plant was used to treat sore muscles, backaches, toothaches, and swelling.
This species grows well from seed and should be cultivated more.
Stems - To +30cm tall, erect, simple to branching above, glabrous, glaucous, fleshy, herbaceous, from rhizomes and thickened roots.
Leaves - Alternate, perfoliate, rounded at base, acute at apex, entire, glabrous, with 3-5 prominent parallel veins, to +8cm long, 3cm broad.
Inflorescence - Single flower terminating stems. Pedicel to 1.5cm long, glabrous. Flowers pendant.
Flowers - Tepals 6, yellow, spirally curled, linear-oblong, entire, acute, glabrous, to +4cm long, 6mm broad. Stamens 6, erect. Filaments compressed, 5mm long, white, glabrous. Anthers 1.6cm long, yellow. Ovary superior, 3-sided, 5mm long, 4mm broad, 3-valved, 3-locular. Placentation axile. Ovules many. Styles 3, connate in basal 1/2, to 1.3cm long, yellowish-green, glabrous. Stigmas slightly curved at apex.
Flowering - April - May.
Habitat - Rich rocky woods, steep slopes, alluvial valleys.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This striking species is common throughout Missouri except in some of the prairie areas. This species is one of the earlier plants to bloom in the spring. Another species, U. sessifolia L. is similar but has sessile leaves, not perfoliate leaves.
The roots and young shoots of U. grandiflora can be eaten. Traditionally, the plant was used to treat sore muscles, backaches, toothaches, and swelling.
This species grows well from seed and should be cultivated more.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月08日
Family - Asteraceae
Stems - From massive taproot, single or multiple from base, to +70cm tall, with milky sap, simple, fistulose, herbaceous, glabrous to lanate or floccose-lanate on internodes.
Leaves - Alternate, grasslike, to +25cm long, -1.5cm broad at base, tapering from base to apex, lanate adaxially on midrib otherwise glabrous, sheathing.
Inflorescence - Single flower head terminating stem. Peduncle expanding and hollow below involucre.
Involucre - Phyllaries typically in 2 series, 5cm long, 6mm broad at base, tapering from base to apex, lanate (mostly at base), with prominent midvein, much longer than ligules.
Ray flowers - Fertile. Ligules yellow, to 3cm long, 3mm broad. Styles bifurcate, brownish. Achenes whitish in flower, becoming tan with maturity, 10-nerved, tuberculate, tapering to a long beak, to +3cm long when mature. Pappus a single series of plumose bristles to +1cm long, whitish. Receptacle flat in flower and reflexed in fruit as to give fruiting head a globose appearance.
Flowering - April - July.
Habitat - Fields, meadows, waste ground, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This species is easily visible along roadsides and in fields during late spring and early summer. The big yellow flower heads nod at the end of the stems. The plant contains a very sticky milky sap that you don't want to get on you as it is a pain to remove. The fruiting heads of the plant resemble those of the genus Taraxacum but are much larger and actually quite striking to look at. Care should be taken not to willingly spread this plant however, as it is not native.
Stems - From massive taproot, single or multiple from base, to +70cm tall, with milky sap, simple, fistulose, herbaceous, glabrous to lanate or floccose-lanate on internodes.
Leaves - Alternate, grasslike, to +25cm long, -1.5cm broad at base, tapering from base to apex, lanate adaxially on midrib otherwise glabrous, sheathing.
Inflorescence - Single flower head terminating stem. Peduncle expanding and hollow below involucre.
Involucre - Phyllaries typically in 2 series, 5cm long, 6mm broad at base, tapering from base to apex, lanate (mostly at base), with prominent midvein, much longer than ligules.
Ray flowers - Fertile. Ligules yellow, to 3cm long, 3mm broad. Styles bifurcate, brownish. Achenes whitish in flower, becoming tan with maturity, 10-nerved, tuberculate, tapering to a long beak, to +3cm long when mature. Pappus a single series of plumose bristles to +1cm long, whitish. Receptacle flat in flower and reflexed in fruit as to give fruiting head a globose appearance.
Flowering - April - July.
Habitat - Fields, meadows, waste ground, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This species is easily visible along roadsides and in fields during late spring and early summer. The big yellow flower heads nod at the end of the stems. The plant contains a very sticky milky sap that you don't want to get on you as it is a pain to remove. The fruiting heads of the plant resemble those of the genus Taraxacum but are much larger and actually quite striking to look at. Care should be taken not to willingly spread this plant however, as it is not native.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月08日
Family - Asteraceae
Stems - To 2m tall, erect, from fibrous roots and rhizomes, purplish, carinate, simple or branching near apex, herbaceous, fragrant, glabrous.
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate below to sessile above, to -30cm long, 15-16cm broad, deeply pinnatifid to pinnately divided. Lobes serrate, punctate, glabrous. Leaf tissue on rachis also lobed (toothed) and punctate. Leaves fragrant.
Inflorescence - Dense terminal corymbiform arrangement of flower heads. Peduncles glabrous.
Involucre - 1cm in diameter, 5-6mm tall, cupulate. Phyllaries imbricate, 4mm long, -2mm broad, glabrous, with scarious margins, blunt to obtuse at apex and often erose.
Ray flowers - Absent.
Disk flowers - Disk to +/-1cm broad. Corolla tube whitish-yellow, glabrous, +?-2.3mm long, 5-lobed. Lobes acute, .2mm long, yellow. Stamens 5, adnate at base of corolla tube. Anthers yellow, .8mm long, connate around style near apex of corolla tube, included. Style bifurcate, slightly exserted. Achene white in flower, 1mm long, glabrous, 5-angled. Pappus absent or a minute crown. Receptacle conic.
Flowering - July - September.
Habitat - Meadows, fence rows, prairie margins, fields, roadsides, railroads, cultivated.
Origin - Native to Eurasia.
Other info. - Tansy has been used in the past as a remedy for many ailments. The plant is quite toxic and causes abortions and even death in most mammals.
Grown as an ornamental, the plant is quite striking but has a tendency to get "leggy" and fall over at maturity. Hybrids and cultivars exist which have better growing habits.
Stems - To 2m tall, erect, from fibrous roots and rhizomes, purplish, carinate, simple or branching near apex, herbaceous, fragrant, glabrous.
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate below to sessile above, to -30cm long, 15-16cm broad, deeply pinnatifid to pinnately divided. Lobes serrate, punctate, glabrous. Leaf tissue on rachis also lobed (toothed) and punctate. Leaves fragrant.
Inflorescence - Dense terminal corymbiform arrangement of flower heads. Peduncles glabrous.
Involucre - 1cm in diameter, 5-6mm tall, cupulate. Phyllaries imbricate, 4mm long, -2mm broad, glabrous, with scarious margins, blunt to obtuse at apex and often erose.
Ray flowers - Absent.
Disk flowers - Disk to +/-1cm broad. Corolla tube whitish-yellow, glabrous, +?-2.3mm long, 5-lobed. Lobes acute, .2mm long, yellow. Stamens 5, adnate at base of corolla tube. Anthers yellow, .8mm long, connate around style near apex of corolla tube, included. Style bifurcate, slightly exserted. Achene white in flower, 1mm long, glabrous, 5-angled. Pappus absent or a minute crown. Receptacle conic.
Flowering - July - September.
Habitat - Meadows, fence rows, prairie margins, fields, roadsides, railroads, cultivated.
Origin - Native to Eurasia.
Other info. - Tansy has been used in the past as a remedy for many ailments. The plant is quite toxic and causes abortions and even death in most mammals.
Grown as an ornamental, the plant is quite striking but has a tendency to get "leggy" and fall over at maturity. Hybrids and cultivars exist which have better growing habits.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月08日
Family - Apiaceae
Stems - To +/-1m tall, glabrous, often glaucous, erect, herbaceous, fistulose, fragrant, branching near the apex, from a taproot.
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate below, sessile above, 2-3 ternately compound, glabrous. Petioles expanded and sheathing at the base, to 13cm long. Leaflets entire, oblong to elliptic or oblanceolate, mucronate (commonly), +/-2.5cm long, +/-1cm broad, glaucous abaxially.
Inflorescence - Terminal and lateral compound umbels with +/-10 rays per umbel. Peduncles glabrous, to +/-10cm in fruit. Rays glabrous, -4cm long. Raylets 2-5mm long. No bracts subtending any of the rays.
Flowers - Petals 5, yellow, spreading or (more commonly) inflexed, apiculate, to 2mm long. Stamens 5, exserted, erect to spreading. Filaments pale yellow, glabrous, to 2.5mm long. Anthers pale yellow, .5-.6mm long. Styles 2, +2mm long, spreading and twisted, glabrous, whitish at the base, purplish near the apex. Stylopodium green, thick. Ovary inferior, slightly compressed, glabrous, 2-locular. One seed per locule. Flowers have a tendency to be either pistillate (with reduced to no stamens) or staminate (with reduced pistil).
Flowering - May - July.
Habitat - Rocky and dry open woods or upland woods, prairies, ledges along bluffs.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This species can be found through Missouri but is most common in the Ozarks. The plant is easy to ID either in flower or vegetatively because of its big leaves, which have oblong and entire leaflets. In flower, of course, the yellow flowers are a good characteristic for ID as no other member of our flora has the plants distinct combination of yellow flowers and oblong leaflets.
Stems - To +/-1m tall, glabrous, often glaucous, erect, herbaceous, fistulose, fragrant, branching near the apex, from a taproot.
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate below, sessile above, 2-3 ternately compound, glabrous. Petioles expanded and sheathing at the base, to 13cm long. Leaflets entire, oblong to elliptic or oblanceolate, mucronate (commonly), +/-2.5cm long, +/-1cm broad, glaucous abaxially.
Inflorescence - Terminal and lateral compound umbels with +/-10 rays per umbel. Peduncles glabrous, to +/-10cm in fruit. Rays glabrous, -4cm long. Raylets 2-5mm long. No bracts subtending any of the rays.
Flowers - Petals 5, yellow, spreading or (more commonly) inflexed, apiculate, to 2mm long. Stamens 5, exserted, erect to spreading. Filaments pale yellow, glabrous, to 2.5mm long. Anthers pale yellow, .5-.6mm long. Styles 2, +2mm long, spreading and twisted, glabrous, whitish at the base, purplish near the apex. Stylopodium green, thick. Ovary inferior, slightly compressed, glabrous, 2-locular. One seed per locule. Flowers have a tendency to be either pistillate (with reduced to no stamens) or staminate (with reduced pistil).
Flowering - May - July.
Habitat - Rocky and dry open woods or upland woods, prairies, ledges along bluffs.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This species can be found through Missouri but is most common in the Ozarks. The plant is easy to ID either in flower or vegetatively because of its big leaves, which have oblong and entire leaflets. In flower, of course, the yellow flowers are a good characteristic for ID as no other member of our flora has the plants distinct combination of yellow flowers and oblong leaflets.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月08日
Family - Fabaceae
Stems - Multiple from the base, from a taproot, erect to ascending, herbaceous, branching, to +/-30cm long, with long antrorse appressed trichomes and erect needle-like erect pubescence. The erect trichomes are red when viewed with a lens.
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate, trifoliolate, stipulate. Stipules to 3mm long, linear, ciliate-margined. Lateral leaflets sessile, oblong, entire, to +/-2cm long, +/-6mm broad, sparse ciliate above and below, deep green above, lighter green below. Lateral venation shiny when hit with light. Terminal leaflet stalked, slightly larger or equal to lateral leaflets. All leaflets typically mucronate.
Inflorescence - Single flowers in the axils of the apical leaves.
Flowers - Corolla papilionaceous, yellow-orange. Standard to 9mm broad, 6mm broad. Wings to -5mm long. Stamens monodelphous. Anthers unequal. Calyx tube campanulate, green, bilabiate. Upper lobe single-lobed, notched at the apex, to 1.8mm long. Lower lip 3-lobed. Central lobe to 3mm long. Lateral lobes to 1.5mm long. All lobes attenuate. Loments of 2 unequal segments.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - Rocky open woods, glades, prairies, usually on acid substrates.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This little species can be found mainly in the southern 1/2 of Missouri. The plant is easy to ID in the field but is often overlooked because of its small size.
Stems - Multiple from the base, from a taproot, erect to ascending, herbaceous, branching, to +/-30cm long, with long antrorse appressed trichomes and erect needle-like erect pubescence. The erect trichomes are red when viewed with a lens.
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate, trifoliolate, stipulate. Stipules to 3mm long, linear, ciliate-margined. Lateral leaflets sessile, oblong, entire, to +/-2cm long, +/-6mm broad, sparse ciliate above and below, deep green above, lighter green below. Lateral venation shiny when hit with light. Terminal leaflet stalked, slightly larger or equal to lateral leaflets. All leaflets typically mucronate.
Inflorescence - Single flowers in the axils of the apical leaves.
Flowers - Corolla papilionaceous, yellow-orange. Standard to 9mm broad, 6mm broad. Wings to -5mm long. Stamens monodelphous. Anthers unequal. Calyx tube campanulate, green, bilabiate. Upper lobe single-lobed, notched at the apex, to 1.8mm long. Lower lip 3-lobed. Central lobe to 3mm long. Lateral lobes to 1.5mm long. All lobes attenuate. Loments of 2 unequal segments.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - Rocky open woods, glades, prairies, usually on acid substrates.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This little species can be found mainly in the southern 1/2 of Missouri. The plant is easy to ID in the field but is often overlooked because of its small size.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月08日
This pretty wildflower is a close relative of Thrift Armeria maritima which produces dense pink mats of flowers in early spring in Britain and Ireland. From a distance the flowers, on tall upright stems, could be mistaken for members of the Allium genus (onions, garlic and their relatives).
Identification
Armeria pungens grows to 70cm, and its inflorescences are hemispherical bunches of five-petalled flowers on long stalks.
The grass-like pointed leaves are hairless and typically 10cm long and 2.5mm wide, and they grow in dense tufts often out of bare sand, with the woody flower stalks emerging to tower above the leaf tufts and sway in the breeze - a challenge for photographers on all but the calmest of days.
Distribution
Sea Rose can be found along the coasts of Portugal and southern Spain as well as on some Mediterranean islands including Corsica and Sardinia.
Habitat
Armeria pungens grows in stable sand dunes, on coastal meadows and alongside footpaths on the clifftops.
Blooming Times
Sea Rose blooms from April until July.
Identification
Armeria pungens grows to 70cm, and its inflorescences are hemispherical bunches of five-petalled flowers on long stalks.
The grass-like pointed leaves are hairless and typically 10cm long and 2.5mm wide, and they grow in dense tufts often out of bare sand, with the woody flower stalks emerging to tower above the leaf tufts and sway in the breeze - a challenge for photographers on all but the calmest of days.
Distribution
Sea Rose can be found along the coasts of Portugal and southern Spain as well as on some Mediterranean islands including Corsica and Sardinia.
Habitat
Armeria pungens grows in stable sand dunes, on coastal meadows and alongside footpaths on the clifftops.
Blooming Times
Sea Rose blooms from April until July.
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