文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月28日
Family - Scrophulariaceae
Stems - Multiple from base, herbaceous, glabrous, to 50cm tall, hollow, weakly 4-angled above, erect to ascending, from thin rhizomes.
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, sessile, clasping, glabrous, lanceolate, +/-8cm long, +/-2.5cm broad, acute, upper surface pitted, (use lens to see), dull green, serrulate.
Inflorescence - Axillary pedunculate racemes to +/-7cm long. Peduncle to 4cm long, glabrous. Pedicels to 5mm long, glabrous, each subtended by a linear-lanceolate bract. Bracts to -7mm long, -1.5mm broad. Flowers decussate on axis.
Flowers - Corolla lilac to purplish with darker purple striations internally, 4-lobed(3 equal and one smaller), zygomorphic, to 7mm broad. Lobes whitish at base. The 3 equal lobes broadly ovate, 3mm broad and long. Smaller lobe to 2mm in diameter, orbicular. Throat of corolla pubescent. Stamens 2, alternating with 3 larger corolla lobes, erect. Filaments 2.5-3mm long, glabrous, whitish near base, purplish near apex. Anthers yellow-orange, .5mm long. Style 3mm long, glabrous, purplish. Ovary green, glabrous, 1mm broad and long. Calyx accrescent, 4-lobed. Tube to -1mm long. Lobes elliptic-lanceolate, acute, glabrous, 2mm long, 1.1mm broad, entire, green. Capsule slightly compressed, to +/-3.5mm broad and long, dehiscing by 4 valves, brown. Seeds many, tan, -.2mm long.
Flowering - May - October.
Habitat - In or at the margin of lake, streams, springs, and ponds.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - Steyermark lists this plant as being the sixth most frequent plant in Ozark Springs. It is indeed common in the Ozark counties and is also found in Jackson and St. Louis Counties. The plant flowers very quickly and sets fruit in just a couple of days. Each flower only lasts about one day.
Typically the plants are glabrous but they can also have some glandular pubescence on the stems.
A synonym is V. catenata Penn.
Stems - Multiple from base, herbaceous, glabrous, to 50cm tall, hollow, weakly 4-angled above, erect to ascending, from thin rhizomes.
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, sessile, clasping, glabrous, lanceolate, +/-8cm long, +/-2.5cm broad, acute, upper surface pitted, (use lens to see), dull green, serrulate.
Inflorescence - Axillary pedunculate racemes to +/-7cm long. Peduncle to 4cm long, glabrous. Pedicels to 5mm long, glabrous, each subtended by a linear-lanceolate bract. Bracts to -7mm long, -1.5mm broad. Flowers decussate on axis.
Flowers - Corolla lilac to purplish with darker purple striations internally, 4-lobed(3 equal and one smaller), zygomorphic, to 7mm broad. Lobes whitish at base. The 3 equal lobes broadly ovate, 3mm broad and long. Smaller lobe to 2mm in diameter, orbicular. Throat of corolla pubescent. Stamens 2, alternating with 3 larger corolla lobes, erect. Filaments 2.5-3mm long, glabrous, whitish near base, purplish near apex. Anthers yellow-orange, .5mm long. Style 3mm long, glabrous, purplish. Ovary green, glabrous, 1mm broad and long. Calyx accrescent, 4-lobed. Tube to -1mm long. Lobes elliptic-lanceolate, acute, glabrous, 2mm long, 1.1mm broad, entire, green. Capsule slightly compressed, to +/-3.5mm broad and long, dehiscing by 4 valves, brown. Seeds many, tan, -.2mm long.
Flowering - May - October.
Habitat - In or at the margin of lake, streams, springs, and ponds.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - Steyermark lists this plant as being the sixth most frequent plant in Ozark Springs. It is indeed common in the Ozark counties and is also found in Jackson and St. Louis Counties. The plant flowers very quickly and sets fruit in just a couple of days. Each flower only lasts about one day.
Typically the plants are glabrous but they can also have some glandular pubescence on the stems.
A synonym is V. catenata Penn.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月28日
Family - Scrophulariaceae
Stems - Erect, decumbent, or sprawling, multiple from fibrous roots, to +/-15cm tall, herbaceous, hollow, villous.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate below, sessile above, broadly ovate to triangular above, to +/-1cm long, 1cm broad, crenate-serrate, pubescent.
Inflorescence - Terminal bracteate raceme to +/-5cm long. Bracts foliaceous and giving the flowers a single axillary look. Flowers sessile or on petioles to -1mm long.
Flowers - Corolla deep blue-purple, to 5mm broad. Petals 4, united at the base to form a short tube to .5mm long. Lobes of the corolla rounded. Stamens 2, erect, adnate at the base of the corolla tube. Filaments whitish, glabrous, to 1mm long. Anthers bluish and white, .3-.4mm long. Ovary superior, green, orbicular, compressed, pubescent on the margins, .5mm in diameter. Style whitish-green, -1mm long and glabrous. Calyx accrescent, deeply 4-lobed, glandular and simple hispid. Lobes oblong, typically unequal, green, rounded to subacute, to 2mm in flower (much longer in fruit). Calyx tube short, -1mm long.
Flowering - March - August.
Habitat - Open rocky woods, glades, waste ground, cultivated areas, fields, pastures, lawns, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This little introduced species can be found throughout Missouri. This is one of the earliest little plants to bloom in the spring. The earliest flowers tend to be smaller than the flowers that come later in the season. This is an easy species to ID in the field because of the small blue flowers, sessile leaves, and pubescent stems.
Stems - Erect, decumbent, or sprawling, multiple from fibrous roots, to +/-15cm tall, herbaceous, hollow, villous.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate below, sessile above, broadly ovate to triangular above, to +/-1cm long, 1cm broad, crenate-serrate, pubescent.
Inflorescence - Terminal bracteate raceme to +/-5cm long. Bracts foliaceous and giving the flowers a single axillary look. Flowers sessile or on petioles to -1mm long.
Flowers - Corolla deep blue-purple, to 5mm broad. Petals 4, united at the base to form a short tube to .5mm long. Lobes of the corolla rounded. Stamens 2, erect, adnate at the base of the corolla tube. Filaments whitish, glabrous, to 1mm long. Anthers bluish and white, .3-.4mm long. Ovary superior, green, orbicular, compressed, pubescent on the margins, .5mm in diameter. Style whitish-green, -1mm long and glabrous. Calyx accrescent, deeply 4-lobed, glandular and simple hispid. Lobes oblong, typically unequal, green, rounded to subacute, to 2mm in flower (much longer in fruit). Calyx tube short, -1mm long.
Flowering - March - August.
Habitat - Open rocky woods, glades, waste ground, cultivated areas, fields, pastures, lawns, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This little introduced species can be found throughout Missouri. This is one of the earliest little plants to bloom in the spring. The earliest flowers tend to be smaller than the flowers that come later in the season. This is an easy species to ID in the field because of the small blue flowers, sessile leaves, and pubescent stems.
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成长记
Ueca
2017年07月27日
One leaf has fully unraveled. It's a shame the original stems were chewed by pests.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Family - Verbenaceae
Stems - To 1.5m tall, hirsute, herbaceous, erect, simple to branching above, 4-angled.
Leaves - Opposite, sessile to very short petiolate, typically ovate, serrate (sometimes doubly), hirsute to villous above and below, to +/-9cm long, +/-5cm broad.
Inflorescence - Terminal spikes to -40cm long, indeterminate, with flowers dense and overlapping. Each flower subtended by subulate-attenuate bract to 5mm long. Bracts pubescent and enclosing base of calyx tube.
Flowers - Corolla blue-purple to rose or whitish, salverform, 5-lobed, zygomorphic. Corolla tube to 5mm long, glabrous and whitish at base, pubescent near apex. Expanded portion of corolla to +/-7mm broad. Lobes to 3mm long, pubescent externally and internally. Stamens 4, didynamous, included, adnate at top 2/3 of corolla tube. Anthers .8mm long, yellow. Filaments wanting. Style green, glabrous, 1.5mm long. Ovary green, 1mm long, glabrous, superior. Calyx tube dense antrorse pubescent to hirsute, 4-5mm long, 5-lobed, with 5 ridges (nerves). Lobes acuminate, unequal, to -1mm long.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - Disturbed sites, waste ground, pastures, prairies, thickets, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This attractive species is fairly common in Missouri. The plant is a typical roadsides weed but is deserving of cultivation becasue of its fairly large size and abundant flowers.
This species also has different flower color forms. Form stricta, shown above, has the typical blue-purple flower color. Form albiflora Wadmond, has white flowers. Form roseiflora Benke, has rose-colored flowers.
This and other plants in the family Verbenaceae often have square stems much like the family Lamiaceae. These two families are closely related. Many of the Verbenaceae also have scented foliage.
Stems - To 1.5m tall, hirsute, herbaceous, erect, simple to branching above, 4-angled.
Leaves - Opposite, sessile to very short petiolate, typically ovate, serrate (sometimes doubly), hirsute to villous above and below, to +/-9cm long, +/-5cm broad.
Inflorescence - Terminal spikes to -40cm long, indeterminate, with flowers dense and overlapping. Each flower subtended by subulate-attenuate bract to 5mm long. Bracts pubescent and enclosing base of calyx tube.
Flowers - Corolla blue-purple to rose or whitish, salverform, 5-lobed, zygomorphic. Corolla tube to 5mm long, glabrous and whitish at base, pubescent near apex. Expanded portion of corolla to +/-7mm broad. Lobes to 3mm long, pubescent externally and internally. Stamens 4, didynamous, included, adnate at top 2/3 of corolla tube. Anthers .8mm long, yellow. Filaments wanting. Style green, glabrous, 1.5mm long. Ovary green, 1mm long, glabrous, superior. Calyx tube dense antrorse pubescent to hirsute, 4-5mm long, 5-lobed, with 5 ridges (nerves). Lobes acuminate, unequal, to -1mm long.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - Disturbed sites, waste ground, pastures, prairies, thickets, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This attractive species is fairly common in Missouri. The plant is a typical roadsides weed but is deserving of cultivation becasue of its fairly large size and abundant flowers.
This species also has different flower color forms. Form stricta, shown above, has the typical blue-purple flower color. Form albiflora Wadmond, has white flowers. Form roseiflora Benke, has rose-colored flowers.
This and other plants in the family Verbenaceae often have square stems much like the family Lamiaceae. These two families are closely related. Many of the Verbenaceae also have scented foliage.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Family - Verbenaceae
Stems - To +50cm tall, erect, herbaceous, 4-angled, multiple from base, branching, antrorse strigose.
Leaves - Opposite, sessile, oblanceolate (narrowly above), to +8cm long, 1.5cm broad, coarse serrate. antrorse strigose, rugose above.
Inflorescence - Terminal spike to +30cm tall (long), 5-8mm in diameter. Flowers dense on spike, each subtended by single bract. Bracts to 3mm long, equaling or shorter than calyx tube, lanceolate, ciliate-margined, otherwise glabrous.
Flowers - Corolla to +/-7mm long, 4mm broad at apex, 5-lobed, zygomorphic, typically lilac to lavender or whitish. Corolla tube to 4mm long, pubescent externally(especially near apex). Lobes to 1mm long, bearded internally. Stamens 5, didynamous, included, adnate around middle of corolla tube. Style included, 2-lobed. Ovary of 2 carpels, 4-lobed. Calyx tube to 4mm long in flower, sparse strigose, 5-lobed. Lobes unequal, acuminate, green. Nutlets to 3mm long, brownish.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - Glades. prairies, fields, waste ground, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - V. simplex can be found throughout most of the state of Missouri. This small plant can be recognized by its tall thin flower spikes and its narrow serrate leaves. The typical flower color is quite lavender or lilac but, as you can see from the pictures above, the flowers are also commonly whitish. (Actually the flowers photographed were a bit more bluish than they appear in the pics). This species has the most narrow leaves of any Verbena species in Missouri. Like most of the genus, it hybridizes readily.
Stems - To +50cm tall, erect, herbaceous, 4-angled, multiple from base, branching, antrorse strigose.
Leaves - Opposite, sessile, oblanceolate (narrowly above), to +8cm long, 1.5cm broad, coarse serrate. antrorse strigose, rugose above.
Inflorescence - Terminal spike to +30cm tall (long), 5-8mm in diameter. Flowers dense on spike, each subtended by single bract. Bracts to 3mm long, equaling or shorter than calyx tube, lanceolate, ciliate-margined, otherwise glabrous.
Flowers - Corolla to +/-7mm long, 4mm broad at apex, 5-lobed, zygomorphic, typically lilac to lavender or whitish. Corolla tube to 4mm long, pubescent externally(especially near apex). Lobes to 1mm long, bearded internally. Stamens 5, didynamous, included, adnate around middle of corolla tube. Style included, 2-lobed. Ovary of 2 carpels, 4-lobed. Calyx tube to 4mm long in flower, sparse strigose, 5-lobed. Lobes unequal, acuminate, green. Nutlets to 3mm long, brownish.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - Glades. prairies, fields, waste ground, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - V. simplex can be found throughout most of the state of Missouri. This small plant can be recognized by its tall thin flower spikes and its narrow serrate leaves. The typical flower color is quite lavender or lilac but, as you can see from the pictures above, the flowers are also commonly whitish. (Actually the flowers photographed were a bit more bluish than they appear in the pics). This species has the most narrow leaves of any Verbena species in Missouri. Like most of the genus, it hybridizes readily.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Family - Verbenaceae
Stems - To 1.6m tall, branched above, herbaceous, pubescent, often slightly scabrous, 4-angled.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate, lanceolate to lanceolate-oblong or lanceolate-ovate, to +/-3cm broad, +15cm long, serrate to double serrate, scabrous above, pubescent below.
Inflorescence - Multiple terminal spikes, with flowers dense and overlapping, indeterminate.
Flowers - Corolla whitish to blue-purple or rose, to 10mm long, 4mm wide at apex, tubular, salverform, 5-lobed, zygomorphic. Stamens 5, included within corolla. Calyx to 3mm long, tubular, pubescent, 5-lobed(toothed).
Flowering - June - October.
Habitat - Moist ground, waste ground, pastures, thickets, meadows, streambanks, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This plant is sometimes confused with V. urticifolia L. but the latter has flowers which are not as dense on the spikes and with corollas which are typically white. V. urticifolia also has much broader leaves than does V. hastata.
V. hastata is a common plant and can bloom when quite small if mowed or cut frequently.
Steyermark lists three forms for the species. Form hastata, pictured above, has the typical blue-purple corolla. Form rosea Cheney, has a rose-colored corolla and is rare. Form albiflora Moldenke, has a white corolla and is also rare.
Stems - To 1.6m tall, branched above, herbaceous, pubescent, often slightly scabrous, 4-angled.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate, lanceolate to lanceolate-oblong or lanceolate-ovate, to +/-3cm broad, +15cm long, serrate to double serrate, scabrous above, pubescent below.
Inflorescence - Multiple terminal spikes, with flowers dense and overlapping, indeterminate.
Flowers - Corolla whitish to blue-purple or rose, to 10mm long, 4mm wide at apex, tubular, salverform, 5-lobed, zygomorphic. Stamens 5, included within corolla. Calyx to 3mm long, tubular, pubescent, 5-lobed(toothed).
Flowering - June - October.
Habitat - Moist ground, waste ground, pastures, thickets, meadows, streambanks, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This plant is sometimes confused with V. urticifolia L. but the latter has flowers which are not as dense on the spikes and with corollas which are typically white. V. urticifolia also has much broader leaves than does V. hastata.
V. hastata is a common plant and can bloom when quite small if mowed or cut frequently.
Steyermark lists three forms for the species. Form hastata, pictured above, has the typical blue-purple corolla. Form rosea Cheney, has a rose-colored corolla and is rare. Form albiflora Moldenke, has a white corolla and is also rare.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Family - Verbenaceae
Stems - Multiple from the base, from a woody caudex and fibrous roots, erect to ascending, herbaceous, to 30cm tall, typically simple, 4-angled, villous.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate, decussate. Petioles to -2cm long, often with decurrent leaf tissue, villous. Blades to +3cm long and broad, ovate, pinnatifid, pubescent. Ultimate divisions acute.
Inflorescence - Terminal compact spike, appearing cymose in flower. Each flower subtended by a single bract. Bracts villous, lanceolate-attenuate, to 9mm long, 2mm broad.
Flowers - Corolla zygomorphic, salverform, purplish. Corolla tube to 2cm long, glandular pubescent externally, villous internally and floccose near apex. Corolla lobes 5, to 7mm long, +5mm broad, typically emarginate, glabrous. Stamens 4, didynamous, adnate near the middle of the corolla tube, included. Filaments white, to 1mm long, glabrous. Anthers greenish, .7mm long. Style to 1.7cm long, glabrous, greenish-white, included. Stigma unequally 2-lobed. Ovary green, glabrous, 4-lobed, .7mm long. Calyx tube 8mm long, 1.5mm in diameter, villous and glandular pubescent externally, pubescent internally, unequally 5-lobed. Lobes purplish, attenuate, to +2mm long, pubescent as calyx tube.
Flowering - March - November.
Habitat - Glades, rocky woods, bluffs, gravel bars, prairies, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This striking plant is found mostly in the lower 2/3 of Missouri. The typical flower color is shown above but whitish and reddish flowers are found also. This species is very tolerant of dry conditions and does well in cultivation. The plant also grows well from seed.
A synonym is Glandularia canadensis (L.) Nutt..
Stems - Multiple from the base, from a woody caudex and fibrous roots, erect to ascending, herbaceous, to 30cm tall, typically simple, 4-angled, villous.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate, decussate. Petioles to -2cm long, often with decurrent leaf tissue, villous. Blades to +3cm long and broad, ovate, pinnatifid, pubescent. Ultimate divisions acute.
Inflorescence - Terminal compact spike, appearing cymose in flower. Each flower subtended by a single bract. Bracts villous, lanceolate-attenuate, to 9mm long, 2mm broad.
Flowers - Corolla zygomorphic, salverform, purplish. Corolla tube to 2cm long, glandular pubescent externally, villous internally and floccose near apex. Corolla lobes 5, to 7mm long, +5mm broad, typically emarginate, glabrous. Stamens 4, didynamous, adnate near the middle of the corolla tube, included. Filaments white, to 1mm long, glabrous. Anthers greenish, .7mm long. Style to 1.7cm long, glabrous, greenish-white, included. Stigma unequally 2-lobed. Ovary green, glabrous, 4-lobed, .7mm long. Calyx tube 8mm long, 1.5mm in diameter, villous and glandular pubescent externally, pubescent internally, unequally 5-lobed. Lobes purplish, attenuate, to +2mm long, pubescent as calyx tube.
Flowering - March - November.
Habitat - Glades, rocky woods, bluffs, gravel bars, prairies, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This striking plant is found mostly in the lower 2/3 of Missouri. The typical flower color is shown above but whitish and reddish flowers are found also. This species is very tolerant of dry conditions and does well in cultivation. The plant also grows well from seed.
A synonym is Glandularia canadensis (L.) Nutt..
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Family - Verbenaceae
Stems - Prostrate to decumbent, hirsute, herbaceous, multiple from base, to 50cm long, +/-20cm tall, 4-angled, branching.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate, typically 3-lobed, hirsute, to +6cm long, +4cm broad. Petioles winged, short. Lobes typically of 2 lateral and one larger terminal, often divided again, serrate-dentate.
Inflorescence - Terminal bracteate spikes to 15cm long (tall), elongating in fruit. Flowers subtended by lance-oblong bracts. Bracts to +/-2cm long, 4mm broad, hirsute. Axis (stem) hirsute.
Flowers - Corolla blue-purple, 5-lobed, salverform, zygomorphic, to 7mm long, 3mm broad at apex, sparse pubescent externally, pubescent internally. Lobes obtuse at apex. Stamens 4, didynamous, adnate near base of corolla tube, included. Filaments short. Anthers yellow, .2mm long. Style short. Ovary of 2 carpels, 4-lobed. Calyx hirsute, 5-lobed. Tube to 3.5mm long. Lobes linear. Nutlets 4, surrounded by persistent calyx.
Flowering - April - October.
Habitat - Disturbed sites, waste ground, pastures, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - Fortunately, not much close dissection is needed to properly identify this species. The flower parts are very small but the plant can be easily identified by looking at the hirsute stems, flower spikes, and leaves, as well as the tiny flowers. This is somewhat of a pioneering species that is out-competed by larger plants.
This species hybridizes with others of the genus and the resulting offspring have a tendency to morphologically resemble the other parent plants more so than V. bracteata.
Stems - Prostrate to decumbent, hirsute, herbaceous, multiple from base, to 50cm long, +/-20cm tall, 4-angled, branching.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate, typically 3-lobed, hirsute, to +6cm long, +4cm broad. Petioles winged, short. Lobes typically of 2 lateral and one larger terminal, often divided again, serrate-dentate.
Inflorescence - Terminal bracteate spikes to 15cm long (tall), elongating in fruit. Flowers subtended by lance-oblong bracts. Bracts to +/-2cm long, 4mm broad, hirsute. Axis (stem) hirsute.
Flowers - Corolla blue-purple, 5-lobed, salverform, zygomorphic, to 7mm long, 3mm broad at apex, sparse pubescent externally, pubescent internally. Lobes obtuse at apex. Stamens 4, didynamous, adnate near base of corolla tube, included. Filaments short. Anthers yellow, .2mm long. Style short. Ovary of 2 carpels, 4-lobed. Calyx hirsute, 5-lobed. Tube to 3.5mm long. Lobes linear. Nutlets 4, surrounded by persistent calyx.
Flowering - April - October.
Habitat - Disturbed sites, waste ground, pastures, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - Fortunately, not much close dissection is needed to properly identify this species. The flower parts are very small but the plant can be easily identified by looking at the hirsute stems, flower spikes, and leaves, as well as the tiny flowers. This is somewhat of a pioneering species that is out-competed by larger plants.
This species hybridizes with others of the genus and the resulting offspring have a tendency to morphologically resemble the other parent plants more so than V. bracteata.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Family - Valerianaceae
Stems - Multiple from the base, dichotomously branching, erect, to +20cm tall, herbaceous, from a single thin taproot and fibrous roots, retrorse pubescent, 4-angled. Internodes with shallow thin vertical grooves arising at the leaf bases.
Leaves - Basal leaves in a rosette, spatulate, to +8cm long, 2cm broad. entire, glabrous or with very sparse appressed pubescence, rounded at the apex. Cauline leaves opposite, sessile, lanceolate to lance-oblong, reduced upward, rounded at the apex, entire or with a few coarse basal teeth, glabrous.
Inflorescence - Terminal involucrate cymose clusters of flowers. Bracts of the involucre glabrous but strigose-ciliate on the apical margins, often reddish on the apical margins in strong sun, oblong, quite small in flower but quickly expanding to +/-3mm long, 1-1.5mm broad, 2 per each flower. Flowers sessile.
Flowers - Corolla light blue (typically) to whitish, funnelform, glabrous, 5-lobed. Corolla tube to 1mm long. Lobes spreading, rounded at the apex, .75mm long, .6mm broad. Stamens 2-3, adnate at the apex of the corolla tube, included to slightly exserted. Filaments glabrous, .8mm long, translucent-blue. Ovary inferior, 3-locular, green, expanded at the apex on one side, very sparse pubescent in flower, 1mm long in flower, quickly inflating in fruit to +2mm long.
Flowering - April - May.
Habitat - Waste ground, disturbed areas, borders of fields, roadsides.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This little species has only been reported in a couple of southern Missouri counties. The plant is edible and is widely cultivated in Europe and elsewhere. It is not to common as a food crop in the United States.
V. olitoria can be identified by its small size, small bluish flowers, opposite leaves, and retrorse pubescent stems.
A synonym is V. locusta (L.) Laterr.
Stems - Multiple from the base, dichotomously branching, erect, to +20cm tall, herbaceous, from a single thin taproot and fibrous roots, retrorse pubescent, 4-angled. Internodes with shallow thin vertical grooves arising at the leaf bases.
Leaves - Basal leaves in a rosette, spatulate, to +8cm long, 2cm broad. entire, glabrous or with very sparse appressed pubescence, rounded at the apex. Cauline leaves opposite, sessile, lanceolate to lance-oblong, reduced upward, rounded at the apex, entire or with a few coarse basal teeth, glabrous.
Inflorescence - Terminal involucrate cymose clusters of flowers. Bracts of the involucre glabrous but strigose-ciliate on the apical margins, often reddish on the apical margins in strong sun, oblong, quite small in flower but quickly expanding to +/-3mm long, 1-1.5mm broad, 2 per each flower. Flowers sessile.
Flowers - Corolla light blue (typically) to whitish, funnelform, glabrous, 5-lobed. Corolla tube to 1mm long. Lobes spreading, rounded at the apex, .75mm long, .6mm broad. Stamens 2-3, adnate at the apex of the corolla tube, included to slightly exserted. Filaments glabrous, .8mm long, translucent-blue. Ovary inferior, 3-locular, green, expanded at the apex on one side, very sparse pubescent in flower, 1mm long in flower, quickly inflating in fruit to +2mm long.
Flowering - April - May.
Habitat - Waste ground, disturbed areas, borders of fields, roadsides.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This little species has only been reported in a couple of southern Missouri counties. The plant is edible and is widely cultivated in Europe and elsewhere. It is not to common as a food crop in the United States.
V. olitoria can be identified by its small size, small bluish flowers, opposite leaves, and retrorse pubescent stems.
A synonym is V. locusta (L.) Laterr.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Family - Lamiaceae
Stems - To 50cm tall, multiple from base, erect to ascending, herbaceous, branching, 4-angled. Entire plant covered with very dense grey lanate pubescence.
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, petiolate below to subsessile above. Petiole to +8cm long. Blade elliptic to lanceolate, to +15cm long, +6cm broad, acute, tapering to base, crenate, margins slightly sinuous.
Inflorescence - Terminal dense spikiform arrangement of verticillasters. Flowers sessile, subtended by reduced leaves(foliaceous bracts).
Flowers - Corolla purple with some mottling internally, bilabiate. Corolla tube 7-8mm long, pubescent externally. Upper lip single, shallowly 3-lobed to entire at apex, 5mm long, 4-5mm broad. Lower lip 3-lobed. Two lateral lobes shallow, much smaller than central lobe. Central lobe 6-8mm long, 5mm broad. Stamens 4, didynamous, slightly exserted from upper lip of corolla. Filaments adnate at apex of corolla tube, dense pubescent, purple. Anthers purple, 1.1mm broad. Style 8mm long, glabrous, white to lilac, slightly exserted. Stigma 2-lobed. Ovary of 4 nutlets. Calyx tube to 8mm long, 5-lobed. Lobes subequal, acute, acuminate, to 2.5mm long, 2mm broad at base.
Flowering - July - September.
Habitat - Cultivated and persisting around old homesites and vacant lots.
Origin - Native to Eurasia.
Other info. - This is an attractive perennial plant which is cultivated in our area. It is not officially recorded as escaped in our area but there are persistent patches of the plant in the Ozarks which are doing quite well. The soft pubescence and striking flowers make it an interesting garden plant. The flowers are also much liked by flying insects. Propagation is by division. The plant prefers full sun which is obvious from the protective layer of pubescence covering the entire plant.
Stems - To 50cm tall, multiple from base, erect to ascending, herbaceous, branching, 4-angled. Entire plant covered with very dense grey lanate pubescence.
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, petiolate below to subsessile above. Petiole to +8cm long. Blade elliptic to lanceolate, to +15cm long, +6cm broad, acute, tapering to base, crenate, margins slightly sinuous.
Inflorescence - Terminal dense spikiform arrangement of verticillasters. Flowers sessile, subtended by reduced leaves(foliaceous bracts).
Flowers - Corolla purple with some mottling internally, bilabiate. Corolla tube 7-8mm long, pubescent externally. Upper lip single, shallowly 3-lobed to entire at apex, 5mm long, 4-5mm broad. Lower lip 3-lobed. Two lateral lobes shallow, much smaller than central lobe. Central lobe 6-8mm long, 5mm broad. Stamens 4, didynamous, slightly exserted from upper lip of corolla. Filaments adnate at apex of corolla tube, dense pubescent, purple. Anthers purple, 1.1mm broad. Style 8mm long, glabrous, white to lilac, slightly exserted. Stigma 2-lobed. Ovary of 4 nutlets. Calyx tube to 8mm long, 5-lobed. Lobes subequal, acute, acuminate, to 2.5mm long, 2mm broad at base.
Flowering - July - September.
Habitat - Cultivated and persisting around old homesites and vacant lots.
Origin - Native to Eurasia.
Other info. - This is an attractive perennial plant which is cultivated in our area. It is not officially recorded as escaped in our area but there are persistent patches of the plant in the Ozarks which are doing quite well. The soft pubescence and striking flowers make it an interesting garden plant. The flowers are also much liked by flying insects. Propagation is by division. The plant prefers full sun which is obvious from the protective layer of pubescence covering the entire plant.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Family - Lamiaceae
Stems - To +20cm tall, multiple from base, simple, from fibrous roots, 4-angled, 1-3mm thick, densely glandular and simple pubescent to glabrous or sparse pubescent, herbaceous, erect.
Leaves - Opposite, sessile, entire, ovate, to +/-1.5cm long, +/-8mm broad, densely glandular pubescent or sparsely pubescent. Margins sometimes revolute.
Inflorescence - Paired axillary flowers. Pedicels 2-3mm long, hirsute.
Flowers - Corolla tubular, bilabiate, to 1cm long, externally pubescent. Lower lip +3mm broad, mottled with violet and white, larger than upper lip. Upper lip galeate. Stamens 4, didynamous, included within upper lip. Filaments to 3.5mm long, white, glabrous. Ovary 4-lobed. Calyx 2-lobed, with dorsal protuberance on upper lobe, densely glandular pubescent, 3.5mm long, accrescent.
Flowering - April - July.
Habitat - Glades, open woods, prairies, bluffs.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is a tiny plant which can be easily overlooked. The plant produces a "moniliform" rhizome, which means "constricted at regular intervals" (like a pearl necklace, for example). It sort of resembles roots infected with nematodes.
The plant can be found in rocky open areas of the habitats mentioned above.
Steyermark lists three varieties for the plant based on leaf, stem, and calyx pubescence and leaf morphology. I won't go into those here.
In the same habitat as this plant you can usually find many a Centruroides scorpion:
Fortunately, I like scorpions. I used to breed a few different species and donated part of my collection to a fellow named Kari McWest, so he could finish his graduate research. Kari - drop me a line.
Stems - To +20cm tall, multiple from base, simple, from fibrous roots, 4-angled, 1-3mm thick, densely glandular and simple pubescent to glabrous or sparse pubescent, herbaceous, erect.
Leaves - Opposite, sessile, entire, ovate, to +/-1.5cm long, +/-8mm broad, densely glandular pubescent or sparsely pubescent. Margins sometimes revolute.
Inflorescence - Paired axillary flowers. Pedicels 2-3mm long, hirsute.
Flowers - Corolla tubular, bilabiate, to 1cm long, externally pubescent. Lower lip +3mm broad, mottled with violet and white, larger than upper lip. Upper lip galeate. Stamens 4, didynamous, included within upper lip. Filaments to 3.5mm long, white, glabrous. Ovary 4-lobed. Calyx 2-lobed, with dorsal protuberance on upper lobe, densely glandular pubescent, 3.5mm long, accrescent.
Flowering - April - July.
Habitat - Glades, open woods, prairies, bluffs.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is a tiny plant which can be easily overlooked. The plant produces a "moniliform" rhizome, which means "constricted at regular intervals" (like a pearl necklace, for example). It sort of resembles roots infected with nematodes.
The plant can be found in rocky open areas of the habitats mentioned above.
Steyermark lists three varieties for the plant based on leaf, stem, and calyx pubescence and leaf morphology. I won't go into those here.
In the same habitat as this plant you can usually find many a Centruroides scorpion:
Fortunately, I like scorpions. I used to breed a few different species and donated part of my collection to a fellow named Kari McWest, so he could finish his graduate research. Kari - drop me a line.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Family - Lamiaceae
Stems - To +/-1m tall, erect, herbaceous, 4-angled, densely pubescent(both glandular and regular hairs), multiple or single from base. branching above, rhizomatous, stoloniferous.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate, decussate. Petiole hirsute, to 5cm long, with adaxial groove. Blade ovate, 10cm long, +/-7cm broad, acute, stellate and simple pubescent on both surfaces but more dense below, cordate at base, serrate-dentate.
Inflorescence - Terminal indeterminate racemes to 30cm long(tall). Flowers decussate, from axils of small bracts. Bracts acute, ovate, abruptly constricted to short(1.2mm) petiole, glandular pubescent, equaling or longer than calyx. Pedicels to 3mm long, densely glandular pubescent.
Flowers - Corolla bilabiate, to +/-2cm long, glandular pubescent externally, white near base, purplish-blue above. Upper lip galeate, notched at apex, 4mm long. Lower lip 3-lobed. Lateral lobes 3mm long. Central lobe 1cm broad, 7-8mm long, with whitish center, somewhat deflexed. Stamens 4, didynamous, included under the galea. Filaments joined near apex of corolla throat(seemingly by interwoven hairs), purple and glabrous at apex. Anthers pale yellow to white, 1mm long. Style 2.3cm long, white, glabrous, inserted between stamens. Ovary 4-lobed, attached at base to a short gynophore. Calyx bilabiate, 4-5mm long, with dorsal protuberance, glandular pubescent. Tube to +/-2mm in diameter. Lips equal. Nutlets brownish-black, ovoid, papillate.
Flowering - May - October.
Habitat - Rocky open woods, glades, rocky ledges, bluffs.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is a common and very striking plant in Missouri. The multiple terminal racemes each with many bluish flowers make this plant more than worthy of cultivation. The plant is easily grown from seed but also readily propagates by stolons. It grows well in dry shaded areas.
Steyermark breaks the species up into three varieties mostly based on leaf size but these varieties integrate and are hard to distinguish so I won't mention them here.
Stems - To +/-1m tall, erect, herbaceous, 4-angled, densely pubescent(both glandular and regular hairs), multiple or single from base. branching above, rhizomatous, stoloniferous.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate, decussate. Petiole hirsute, to 5cm long, with adaxial groove. Blade ovate, 10cm long, +/-7cm broad, acute, stellate and simple pubescent on both surfaces but more dense below, cordate at base, serrate-dentate.
Inflorescence - Terminal indeterminate racemes to 30cm long(tall). Flowers decussate, from axils of small bracts. Bracts acute, ovate, abruptly constricted to short(1.2mm) petiole, glandular pubescent, equaling or longer than calyx. Pedicels to 3mm long, densely glandular pubescent.
Flowers - Corolla bilabiate, to +/-2cm long, glandular pubescent externally, white near base, purplish-blue above. Upper lip galeate, notched at apex, 4mm long. Lower lip 3-lobed. Lateral lobes 3mm long. Central lobe 1cm broad, 7-8mm long, with whitish center, somewhat deflexed. Stamens 4, didynamous, included under the galea. Filaments joined near apex of corolla throat(seemingly by interwoven hairs), purple and glabrous at apex. Anthers pale yellow to white, 1mm long. Style 2.3cm long, white, glabrous, inserted between stamens. Ovary 4-lobed, attached at base to a short gynophore. Calyx bilabiate, 4-5mm long, with dorsal protuberance, glandular pubescent. Tube to +/-2mm in diameter. Lips equal. Nutlets brownish-black, ovoid, papillate.
Flowering - May - October.
Habitat - Rocky open woods, glades, rocky ledges, bluffs.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is a common and very striking plant in Missouri. The multiple terminal racemes each with many bluish flowers make this plant more than worthy of cultivation. The plant is easily grown from seed but also readily propagates by stolons. It grows well in dry shaded areas.
Steyermark breaks the species up into three varieties mostly based on leaf size but these varieties integrate and are hard to distinguish so I won't mention them here.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Family - Lamiaceae
Stems - Erect to reclining, single or multiple from base, from fibrous roots, to 1m tall, branching, 4-angled, becoming purple in strong sun, hollow, glabrous to pubescent in inflorescence.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate, decussate. Petioles to 1.5cm long, with a few sparse appressed hairs, with an adaxial groove, often purple in strong sun. Blades ovate, acute to acuminate, serrate to crenate-serrate, truncate to rounded at the base, to +2cm broad, +4cm long, mostly glabrous, light green below, dull green above. Veins impressed above, expressed below. Margins of serrations sparse antrorse strigillose.
Inflorescence - Terminal and axillary bracteate racemes to +10cm long. Flowers secund and paired. Pedicels -1mm long in flower, puberulent. Each pedicel subtended by a bract. Bracts reduced upward. Axis of raceme glabrous or with antrorse hairs on the angles.
Flowers - Corolla to +7mm long, bilabiate, blue-purple (rarely white), pubescent externally. Lower lip single-lobed, rounded to emarginate at the apex, to 2.3mm broad, -2mm long. Upper lip shallowly 3-lobed. Lobes rounded. Central lobe slightly emarginate, shorter than lower lip, galeate. Stamens 4, didynamous, included, adnate in lower 2/3 of the corolla tube. Filaments white, sparsely pubescent, +/-3mm long. Anthers yellow, .4mm long. Style exserted between the upper pair of stamens, included under the galea, glabrous, translucent, +/-4.5mm long. Calyx bilabiate (each lip single-lobed and rounded), 2.2mm long in flower, accrescent, puberulent (sometimes glandular). Dorsal protuberance of calyx -1mm long and broad. Ovary 4-lobed, subtended by a disk-shaped nectary, .5mm broad in flower. Lobes of ovary in an "auditorium" fashion, with two lobes raised higher than the other two.
Flowering - June - October.
Habitat - Wet areas.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This distinctive species can be found throughout Missouri. The plant is easy to ID while in flower because of its small paired flowers and habitat.
Traditionally this species was widely used as a remedy for many ailments ranging from rabies to epilepsy. The plant does contain a flavinoid, Scutellarin, which is a proven sedative and antispasmodic.
Stems - Erect to reclining, single or multiple from base, from fibrous roots, to 1m tall, branching, 4-angled, becoming purple in strong sun, hollow, glabrous to pubescent in inflorescence.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate, decussate. Petioles to 1.5cm long, with a few sparse appressed hairs, with an adaxial groove, often purple in strong sun. Blades ovate, acute to acuminate, serrate to crenate-serrate, truncate to rounded at the base, to +2cm broad, +4cm long, mostly glabrous, light green below, dull green above. Veins impressed above, expressed below. Margins of serrations sparse antrorse strigillose.
Inflorescence - Terminal and axillary bracteate racemes to +10cm long. Flowers secund and paired. Pedicels -1mm long in flower, puberulent. Each pedicel subtended by a bract. Bracts reduced upward. Axis of raceme glabrous or with antrorse hairs on the angles.
Flowers - Corolla to +7mm long, bilabiate, blue-purple (rarely white), pubescent externally. Lower lip single-lobed, rounded to emarginate at the apex, to 2.3mm broad, -2mm long. Upper lip shallowly 3-lobed. Lobes rounded. Central lobe slightly emarginate, shorter than lower lip, galeate. Stamens 4, didynamous, included, adnate in lower 2/3 of the corolla tube. Filaments white, sparsely pubescent, +/-3mm long. Anthers yellow, .4mm long. Style exserted between the upper pair of stamens, included under the galea, glabrous, translucent, +/-4.5mm long. Calyx bilabiate (each lip single-lobed and rounded), 2.2mm long in flower, accrescent, puberulent (sometimes glandular). Dorsal protuberance of calyx -1mm long and broad. Ovary 4-lobed, subtended by a disk-shaped nectary, .5mm broad in flower. Lobes of ovary in an "auditorium" fashion, with two lobes raised higher than the other two.
Flowering - June - October.
Habitat - Wet areas.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This distinctive species can be found throughout Missouri. The plant is easy to ID while in flower because of its small paired flowers and habitat.
Traditionally this species was widely used as a remedy for many ailments ranging from rabies to epilepsy. The plant does contain a flavinoid, Scutellarin, which is a proven sedative and antispasmodic.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Family - Lamiaceae
Stems - 4-angled, erect, herbaceous but stout, to 1m tall, single or multiple from the base, mostly simple below the inflorescence, tomentoulose with antrorse hairs (especially on the angles), with a single groove between each angle. Angles rounded.
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, petiolate. Petioles to +/-2.5cm long, with a fairly deep adaxial groove, tomentoulose, somewhat ascending or spreading. Blades ovate, to +/-10cm long, +/-6cm broad, crenate, acute at the apex, rounded to truncate or shallow cordate at the base, deep green with impressed veins adaxially, light green with expressed veins abaxially, sparse appressed pubescent adaxially, tomentoulose abaxially.
Inflorescence - Dense lateral and terminal racemes. Racemes ascending, to +/-14cm long. Axis of racemes 4-angled, green, densely tomentoulose (the hairs antrorsely bent). Pedicels to 3mm long, pubescent as the calyx and axis, subtended by reduced foliaceous bracts. Bracts on the lowest pair of flowers large but the others quickly reduced upward and ultimately becoming subulate-linear.
Flowers - Corolla to +/-2.5cm long, zygomorphic, bilabiate, tomentoulose externally, much less so internally, whitish at the base, purple at the apex. Upper lip 3-lobed. Central lobe galeate. Lateral lobes acute, folded into the central lobe, creating a straight "hinge" along the lower lip of the corolla. Hinge to 1cm broad. Lower lip single-lobed, deep purple and with a white central splotch internally, white below, to 1cm long. Stamens 4, didynamous, included under the galea of the upper lip, adnate to the corolla tube near the "hinge" of the flower. Free portion of the filaments to +1cm long, white to lilac, pilose in the basal 1/2, glabrous apically. Anthers to 2mm long, purple when fresh, with a dorsal margin of dense pilose hairs. Style inserted between the stamens, included under the galea, whitish, glabrous, uncinate at the apex, to 2.5cm long. Ovary superior, deeply 4-lobed. Lobes globose, green, glabrous, .4mm in diameter in flower, arranged in an "auditorium seat" fashion with one pair of lobes higher than the other pair. All lobes resting on a large nectary. Nectary with whitish glands. Calyx green, bilabiate, 3-4mm long in flower, accrescent, densely antrorse appressed pubescent externally, glabrous internally, with a short dorsal protuberance. Lips of calyx entire, rounded at the apex, about 1.5mm long. Calyx tube to 3mm long in flower.
Flowering - June - September.
Habitat - Rocky open woods, ledges along bluffs, ravines, wooded slopes along streams, thickets, roadsides.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This striking species is most commonly found in the southern half of the state. The plant produces bigger and more dense inflorescences than any other Scutellaria species in Missouri and is certainly worthy of cultivation.
Stems - 4-angled, erect, herbaceous but stout, to 1m tall, single or multiple from the base, mostly simple below the inflorescence, tomentoulose with antrorse hairs (especially on the angles), with a single groove between each angle. Angles rounded.
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, petiolate. Petioles to +/-2.5cm long, with a fairly deep adaxial groove, tomentoulose, somewhat ascending or spreading. Blades ovate, to +/-10cm long, +/-6cm broad, crenate, acute at the apex, rounded to truncate or shallow cordate at the base, deep green with impressed veins adaxially, light green with expressed veins abaxially, sparse appressed pubescent adaxially, tomentoulose abaxially.
Inflorescence - Dense lateral and terminal racemes. Racemes ascending, to +/-14cm long. Axis of racemes 4-angled, green, densely tomentoulose (the hairs antrorsely bent). Pedicels to 3mm long, pubescent as the calyx and axis, subtended by reduced foliaceous bracts. Bracts on the lowest pair of flowers large but the others quickly reduced upward and ultimately becoming subulate-linear.
Flowers - Corolla to +/-2.5cm long, zygomorphic, bilabiate, tomentoulose externally, much less so internally, whitish at the base, purple at the apex. Upper lip 3-lobed. Central lobe galeate. Lateral lobes acute, folded into the central lobe, creating a straight "hinge" along the lower lip of the corolla. Hinge to 1cm broad. Lower lip single-lobed, deep purple and with a white central splotch internally, white below, to 1cm long. Stamens 4, didynamous, included under the galea of the upper lip, adnate to the corolla tube near the "hinge" of the flower. Free portion of the filaments to +1cm long, white to lilac, pilose in the basal 1/2, glabrous apically. Anthers to 2mm long, purple when fresh, with a dorsal margin of dense pilose hairs. Style inserted between the stamens, included under the galea, whitish, glabrous, uncinate at the apex, to 2.5cm long. Ovary superior, deeply 4-lobed. Lobes globose, green, glabrous, .4mm in diameter in flower, arranged in an "auditorium seat" fashion with one pair of lobes higher than the other pair. All lobes resting on a large nectary. Nectary with whitish glands. Calyx green, bilabiate, 3-4mm long in flower, accrescent, densely antrorse appressed pubescent externally, glabrous internally, with a short dorsal protuberance. Lips of calyx entire, rounded at the apex, about 1.5mm long. Calyx tube to 3mm long in flower.
Flowering - June - September.
Habitat - Rocky open woods, ledges along bluffs, ravines, wooded slopes along streams, thickets, roadsides.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This striking species is most commonly found in the southern half of the state. The plant produces bigger and more dense inflorescences than any other Scutellaria species in Missouri and is certainly worthy of cultivation.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Family - Lamiaceae
Stems - Single from thickened roots, rhizomatous, 4-angled, purplish(at least at base), tomentoulose, to 1m tall, erect, herbaceous. Pith white.
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, petiolate. Petioles tomentoulose, (at least the lowest with glandular hairs also), to +/-1.5cm long, with an adaxial groove. Blades ovate to ovate-elliptic, crenate-serrate, truncate to abruptly cuneate at base, acute, to +/-9cm long, +/-4.5cm broad, mostly glabrous and deep green above, pubescent and silvery-green abaxially, sparse glandular punctate on both surfaces. Margins ciliate (ciliolate).
Inflorescence - Terminal bracteate raceme to +/-7cm long(tall). Axis tomentoulose. Pedicels glandular tomentose, 2-3mm long, purplish, with two minute, (to 1mm long and linear), bracts attached near base. Bracts subtending pedicels foliaceous but reduced, to 1cm long.
Flowers - Corolla purplish, bilabiate, to 2.5cm long, glandular pubescent externally, sparse glandular pubescent internally. Upper lip 3-lobed. Central lobe galeate, 5-6mm long. Lateral lobes rounded and much shorter than the central lobe. Lower lip single-lobed, purple, 7-8mm long, 8mm broad, often folded downward, with a white splotch near the base internally. Stamens 4, adnate near the middle of the corolla tube, included, didynamous. Filaments white, mostly glabrous but with some glandular hairs. Anthers 1.5mm long, pubescent, yellowish-purple. Style inserted between the stamens, white, glabrous, to 2.4cm long. Ovary superior, 4-lobed, with two lobes raised slightly higher than the other two, to 1.5mm tall. Lobes and base of ovary yellowish, white whitish glands. Often only one lobe expanding and forming a tuberculate nutlet in fruit. Calyx light green, tomentose and glandular pubescent, accrescent, to 4mm long in flower, lobes converging and enclosing the seeds in fruit. Dorsal protuberance 2.2mm broad, -1mm tall (in flower).
Flowering - May - July.
Habitat - Dry rocky woods, bluffs, wooded slopes.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This striking species is found in the Ozark region of Missouri. This species resembles another, S. incana Biehler, but the former has glandular pubescence on the calyx and the lower petioles, S. incana does not. Other than those characteristics, the two species are nearly identical. All of the members of this genus found in Missouri are worthy of cultivation and grow well from seed. Although the genus Scutellaria belongs to the same family as the mints, none of the plants have a minty fragrance.
Stems - Single from thickened roots, rhizomatous, 4-angled, purplish(at least at base), tomentoulose, to 1m tall, erect, herbaceous. Pith white.
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, petiolate. Petioles tomentoulose, (at least the lowest with glandular hairs also), to +/-1.5cm long, with an adaxial groove. Blades ovate to ovate-elliptic, crenate-serrate, truncate to abruptly cuneate at base, acute, to +/-9cm long, +/-4.5cm broad, mostly glabrous and deep green above, pubescent and silvery-green abaxially, sparse glandular punctate on both surfaces. Margins ciliate (ciliolate).
Inflorescence - Terminal bracteate raceme to +/-7cm long(tall). Axis tomentoulose. Pedicels glandular tomentose, 2-3mm long, purplish, with two minute, (to 1mm long and linear), bracts attached near base. Bracts subtending pedicels foliaceous but reduced, to 1cm long.
Flowers - Corolla purplish, bilabiate, to 2.5cm long, glandular pubescent externally, sparse glandular pubescent internally. Upper lip 3-lobed. Central lobe galeate, 5-6mm long. Lateral lobes rounded and much shorter than the central lobe. Lower lip single-lobed, purple, 7-8mm long, 8mm broad, often folded downward, with a white splotch near the base internally. Stamens 4, adnate near the middle of the corolla tube, included, didynamous. Filaments white, mostly glabrous but with some glandular hairs. Anthers 1.5mm long, pubescent, yellowish-purple. Style inserted between the stamens, white, glabrous, to 2.4cm long. Ovary superior, 4-lobed, with two lobes raised slightly higher than the other two, to 1.5mm tall. Lobes and base of ovary yellowish, white whitish glands. Often only one lobe expanding and forming a tuberculate nutlet in fruit. Calyx light green, tomentose and glandular pubescent, accrescent, to 4mm long in flower, lobes converging and enclosing the seeds in fruit. Dorsal protuberance 2.2mm broad, -1mm tall (in flower).
Flowering - May - July.
Habitat - Dry rocky woods, bluffs, wooded slopes.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This striking species is found in the Ozark region of Missouri. This species resembles another, S. incana Biehler, but the former has glandular pubescence on the calyx and the lower petioles, S. incana does not. Other than those characteristics, the two species are nearly identical. All of the members of this genus found in Missouri are worthy of cultivation and grow well from seed. Although the genus Scutellaria belongs to the same family as the mints, none of the plants have a minty fragrance.
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