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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月26日
Family - Asteraceae
Stems - To +2m tall, erect, simple, herbaceous, hollow, solid purple to purplish-green with purple mottling, glabrous, typically glaucous, from fibrous roots.
Leaves - In whorls of 4 to 5, petiolate. Petiole to +2cm long, glabrous. Blade to +25cm long, +8cm broad, elliptic to elliptic lanceolate, serrate, acuminate, pubescent below. Teeth of margins with minute prickle tip caused by vascular tissue extending beyond leaf tissue.
Inflorescence - Flower heads in terminal paniculate cyme to +30cm tall (long), +/-20cm broad. Branches of inflorescence tomentoulose, reddish-purple. Flower heads with 5-6 flowers.
Involucre - 9mm long(tall), 2.5mm in diameter, greenish near base fading to pinkish-purple above. Phyllaries imbricate. Outermost phyllaries tomentoulose. Inner phyllaries mostly glabrous and with ciliolate margins.
Ray flowers - Absent.
Disk flowers - Flowers +/-5 per head. Corolla tube to 3.1mm long, 5-lobed, pink to purplish, glabrous. Lobes acute, .9mm long, glabrous. Stamens 5, adnate about 1/2 way up corolla tube, alternating with corolla lobes. Filaments pinkish, glabrous. Anthers pinkish-purple, 1.1mm long. Style bifurcate. Stigmas to 3.5mm long, well exserted. Achenes green in flower, 3mm long.
Flowering - July - September.
Habitat - Moist ground, wet meadows, cultivated.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This species occurs naturally in only a few counties in Missouri. It is, however, widely cultivated and can be found nearly throughout the state. The brilliant purple stems and large inflorescences make it a desirable plant. This species is often confused with E. purpureum L. but the latter has more greenish stems, which are typically solid, and lighter colored flowers.
Stems - To +2m tall, erect, simple, herbaceous, hollow, solid purple to purplish-green with purple mottling, glabrous, typically glaucous, from fibrous roots.
Leaves - In whorls of 4 to 5, petiolate. Petiole to +2cm long, glabrous. Blade to +25cm long, +8cm broad, elliptic to elliptic lanceolate, serrate, acuminate, pubescent below. Teeth of margins with minute prickle tip caused by vascular tissue extending beyond leaf tissue.
Inflorescence - Flower heads in terminal paniculate cyme to +30cm tall (long), +/-20cm broad. Branches of inflorescence tomentoulose, reddish-purple. Flower heads with 5-6 flowers.
Involucre - 9mm long(tall), 2.5mm in diameter, greenish near base fading to pinkish-purple above. Phyllaries imbricate. Outermost phyllaries tomentoulose. Inner phyllaries mostly glabrous and with ciliolate margins.
Ray flowers - Absent.
Disk flowers - Flowers +/-5 per head. Corolla tube to 3.1mm long, 5-lobed, pink to purplish, glabrous. Lobes acute, .9mm long, glabrous. Stamens 5, adnate about 1/2 way up corolla tube, alternating with corolla lobes. Filaments pinkish, glabrous. Anthers pinkish-purple, 1.1mm long. Style bifurcate. Stigmas to 3.5mm long, well exserted. Achenes green in flower, 3mm long.
Flowering - July - September.
Habitat - Moist ground, wet meadows, cultivated.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This species occurs naturally in only a few counties in Missouri. It is, however, widely cultivated and can be found nearly throughout the state. The brilliant purple stems and large inflorescences make it a desirable plant. This species is often confused with E. purpureum L. but the latter has more greenish stems, which are typically solid, and lighter colored flowers.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月26日
Family - Asteraceae
Stems - To 50cm tall, pubescent, herbaceous, typically single, forming colonies with creeping rhizomes, green to red.
Leaves - Opposite, deltoid to ovate, serrate to crenate-serrate, petiolate, to 10cm long, 5cm broad.
Inflorescence - Typically terminal corymbiform cyme of flower heads, flat to slightly domed. Peduncles dense puberulent, with small subulate bracts to 1mm long.
Involucre - To 5mm tall, campanulate to cylindric. Phyllaries attenuate, imbricate, to -3mm long, .7mm broad, reddish at apex. Flower heads with 30-70 flowers per head.
Ray flowers - Absent.
Disk flowers - Corolla purple to lilac, 5-lobed. Stamens 5, included. Style well exserted and bifurcate, pink, glabrous. Achenes subterete to 5-angled, 1mm long. Pappus of capillary bristles. Receptacle conic.
Flowering - July - October.
Habitat - Moist ground, low woods, stream banks, ditches, base of bluffs. Also cultivated.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This little species can be found mainly in the southern half of Missouri but it also occurs in a few counties north of the Missouri River. It is a striking species. The plant greatly resembles another commonly cultivated genus, Ageratum, but the latter is lacking a pappus, does not spread with creeping rhizomes, and is non-native.
Stems - To 50cm tall, pubescent, herbaceous, typically single, forming colonies with creeping rhizomes, green to red.
Leaves - Opposite, deltoid to ovate, serrate to crenate-serrate, petiolate, to 10cm long, 5cm broad.
Inflorescence - Typically terminal corymbiform cyme of flower heads, flat to slightly domed. Peduncles dense puberulent, with small subulate bracts to 1mm long.
Involucre - To 5mm tall, campanulate to cylindric. Phyllaries attenuate, imbricate, to -3mm long, .7mm broad, reddish at apex. Flower heads with 30-70 flowers per head.
Ray flowers - Absent.
Disk flowers - Corolla purple to lilac, 5-lobed. Stamens 5, included. Style well exserted and bifurcate, pink, glabrous. Achenes subterete to 5-angled, 1mm long. Pappus of capillary bristles. Receptacle conic.
Flowering - July - October.
Habitat - Moist ground, low woods, stream banks, ditches, base of bluffs. Also cultivated.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This little species can be found mainly in the southern half of Missouri but it also occurs in a few counties north of the Missouri River. It is a striking species. The plant greatly resembles another commonly cultivated genus, Ageratum, but the latter is lacking a pappus, does not spread with creeping rhizomes, and is non-native.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月26日
Family - Apiaceae
Stems - From slightly thickened roots and a small cormlike base, creeping, repent, herbaceous, to +40cm long, branching, glabrous, ribbed or angled, with a slight carrot fragrance.
Leaves - Opposite sessile or petiolate, variable. Petioles of undivided leaves long, +/-2cm long, glabrous, sheathing at the base, with an adaxial groove. Undivided leaves with the blades ovate to elliptic, sparse coarse serrate, to +2cm long, +1.4cm broad, glabrous, acute. Divided leaves 3-lobed, sessile. Lateral lobes spreading, smaller than the central lobe, elliptic (narrowly), sparse coarse serrate. Central lobe elliptic, acute, sparse coarse serrate. All lobes glabrous.
Inflorescence - Cylindric pedunculate clusters of flowers, axillary. Peduncle to 3cm long, glabrous, ribbed (carinate). Cluster subtended by an involucre of 5-9 linear to oblong bracts. Bracts typically entire, to +/-1cm long, +/-1.5mm broad, glabrous, spreading to recurved. Cylinder of flowers 7-8mm long (tall), 4mm in diameter. Flowers sessile.
Flowers - Petals 5, purplish-blue, .8-1mm long (unfolded), to .3mm broad, glabrous, apiculate (with the apiculus inflexed). Stamens 5, alternating with the petals, erect, exserted well beyond the corolla. Filaments glabrous, lilac, 1.3mm long. Anthers brownish-purple, .2mm long. Styles 2, spreading, 1mm long, glabrous, purplish-blue at the apex, fading to white at the base, expanded on one side into a green stylopodium, persistent in fruit and elongating slightly. Stylopodia erect and somewhat wrapped around the style, to .3mm long. Ovary inferior, 2-locular. Calyx tube .7mm long in flower, 1mm broad, covered with white glands. Sepals 5, ovate, acute, erect, .9mm long, .6mm broad, glabrous, green at the base, scarious and purple at the apex, accrescent.
Flowering - May - November.
Habitat - Low wet woods, borders of swamps and ponds, moist prairies.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This little species can be found in the southeast corner of Missouri. It is an easy species to identify in the field because of its brilliant blue flower spikes. The plant is very small, however, and is often overlooked.
There are two species of Eryngium in Missouri. The other species, Eryngium yuccifolium Michx., does not resemble this species in any way. It is the flower structure that makes these plants similar.
Stems - From slightly thickened roots and a small cormlike base, creeping, repent, herbaceous, to +40cm long, branching, glabrous, ribbed or angled, with a slight carrot fragrance.
Leaves - Opposite sessile or petiolate, variable. Petioles of undivided leaves long, +/-2cm long, glabrous, sheathing at the base, with an adaxial groove. Undivided leaves with the blades ovate to elliptic, sparse coarse serrate, to +2cm long, +1.4cm broad, glabrous, acute. Divided leaves 3-lobed, sessile. Lateral lobes spreading, smaller than the central lobe, elliptic (narrowly), sparse coarse serrate. Central lobe elliptic, acute, sparse coarse serrate. All lobes glabrous.
Inflorescence - Cylindric pedunculate clusters of flowers, axillary. Peduncle to 3cm long, glabrous, ribbed (carinate). Cluster subtended by an involucre of 5-9 linear to oblong bracts. Bracts typically entire, to +/-1cm long, +/-1.5mm broad, glabrous, spreading to recurved. Cylinder of flowers 7-8mm long (tall), 4mm in diameter. Flowers sessile.
Flowers - Petals 5, purplish-blue, .8-1mm long (unfolded), to .3mm broad, glabrous, apiculate (with the apiculus inflexed). Stamens 5, alternating with the petals, erect, exserted well beyond the corolla. Filaments glabrous, lilac, 1.3mm long. Anthers brownish-purple, .2mm long. Styles 2, spreading, 1mm long, glabrous, purplish-blue at the apex, fading to white at the base, expanded on one side into a green stylopodium, persistent in fruit and elongating slightly. Stylopodia erect and somewhat wrapped around the style, to .3mm long. Ovary inferior, 2-locular. Calyx tube .7mm long in flower, 1mm broad, covered with white glands. Sepals 5, ovate, acute, erect, .9mm long, .6mm broad, glabrous, green at the base, scarious and purple at the apex, accrescent.
Flowering - May - November.
Habitat - Low wet woods, borders of swamps and ponds, moist prairies.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This little species can be found in the southeast corner of Missouri. It is an easy species to identify in the field because of its brilliant blue flower spikes. The plant is very small, however, and is often overlooked.
There are two species of Eryngium in Missouri. The other species, Eryngium yuccifolium Michx., does not resemble this species in any way. It is the flower structure that makes these plants similar.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月26日
Family - Dipsacaceae
Stems - To +2m tall, from stout taproot, erect, herbaceous, carinate, with flattened straight prickles, branching above or simple.
Leaves - Opposite, linear-lanceolate, sessile, to +20cm long, +6cm broad, glabrous, with prickles on midrib (below) and on margins, acute. often basally connate. Basal leaves often drying by anthesis.
Inflorescence - Dense ovoid pedunculate cluster of many flowers terminating stem. Cluster subtended by ascending bracts to +/-10cm long. Bracts with straight prickles. Each flower subtended and cupped by an awn tipped chaff to +2cm long. Chaff pubescent, green to purple at apex.
Flowers - Corolla lavender at apex, whitish near base, to +1cm long, 4-lobed, dense pubescent on tube portion. Stamens 4, alternating with corolla lobes, adnate near apex of corolla tube, exserted. Filaments glabrous. Style well exserted, glabrous, white. Calyx tubular, 4-angled, 4-lobed, green. Achenes to +5mm long.
Flowering - June - October.
Habitat - Fields, thickets, pastures, waste ground, open woods, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This species and the closely related D. laciniatus L. are noxious weeds in Missouri and throughout their range in the U.S.. The fruiting heads produce many small achenes and the plant is easily spread and hard to exterminate.
A better synonym is D. fullonum L.
Stems - To +2m tall, from stout taproot, erect, herbaceous, carinate, with flattened straight prickles, branching above or simple.
Leaves - Opposite, linear-lanceolate, sessile, to +20cm long, +6cm broad, glabrous, with prickles on midrib (below) and on margins, acute. often basally connate. Basal leaves often drying by anthesis.
Inflorescence - Dense ovoid pedunculate cluster of many flowers terminating stem. Cluster subtended by ascending bracts to +/-10cm long. Bracts with straight prickles. Each flower subtended and cupped by an awn tipped chaff to +2cm long. Chaff pubescent, green to purple at apex.
Flowers - Corolla lavender at apex, whitish near base, to +1cm long, 4-lobed, dense pubescent on tube portion. Stamens 4, alternating with corolla lobes, adnate near apex of corolla tube, exserted. Filaments glabrous. Style well exserted, glabrous, white. Calyx tubular, 4-angled, 4-lobed, green. Achenes to +5mm long.
Flowering - June - October.
Habitat - Fields, thickets, pastures, waste ground, open woods, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This species and the closely related D. laciniatus L. are noxious weeds in Missouri and throughout their range in the U.S.. The fruiting heads produce many small achenes and the plant is easily spread and hard to exterminate.
A better synonym is D. fullonum L.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月26日
Family - Rubiaceae
Stems - Erect to prostrate, +20cm tall, herbaceous, 4-angled, variously pubescent, reddish with age and in strong sun, from taproot.
Leaves - Opposite, sessile, entire to denticulate, linear to linear-lanceolate, variously pubescent, to 5cm long, 6mm broad, acute to aristate. Stipule (membrane) connecting leaf bases with reddish erect capillary bristles.
Inflorescence - Axillary clusters of 1 to 3 sessile flowers.
Flowers - Corolla lilac to whitish, 4-lobed, funnelform, 4-6mm long, pubescent externally. Lobes acute to aristulate. Stamens 4, adnate near apex of corolla tube, exserted (slightly). Anthers pale yellow to whitish. Stigma biglobose. Ovary inferior. Sepals 4, lanceolate, green, to 2mm long, persistent on fruit. Fruit pubescent, biglobose, splitting into 2 nutlets.
Flowering - June - October.
Habitat - Waste ground, disturbed sites, gravel beds along streams, glades, prairies, pastures, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is a fairly common plant in the lower 2/3 of the state. It is capable of growing in some very inhospitable locations. The plant is easy to identify in the field because of its bluish flowers and long stipular bristles.
Stems - Erect to prostrate, +20cm tall, herbaceous, 4-angled, variously pubescent, reddish with age and in strong sun, from taproot.
Leaves - Opposite, sessile, entire to denticulate, linear to linear-lanceolate, variously pubescent, to 5cm long, 6mm broad, acute to aristate. Stipule (membrane) connecting leaf bases with reddish erect capillary bristles.
Inflorescence - Axillary clusters of 1 to 3 sessile flowers.
Flowers - Corolla lilac to whitish, 4-lobed, funnelform, 4-6mm long, pubescent externally. Lobes acute to aristulate. Stamens 4, adnate near apex of corolla tube, exserted (slightly). Anthers pale yellow to whitish. Stigma biglobose. Ovary inferior. Sepals 4, lanceolate, green, to 2mm long, persistent on fruit. Fruit pubescent, biglobose, splitting into 2 nutlets.
Flowering - June - October.
Habitat - Waste ground, disturbed sites, gravel beds along streams, glades, prairies, pastures, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is a fairly common plant in the lower 2/3 of the state. It is capable of growing in some very inhospitable locations. The plant is easy to identify in the field because of its bluish flowers and long stipular bristles.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月26日
Family - Lamiaceae
Stems - To +50cm tall, from thin rhizomes or a small caudex, multiple from base, 4-angled, sparse lanate above, glabrescent below, branching, erect, brown and appearing woody.
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, sessile, ovate, acute, rounded at base, coarse shallow serrate, punctate, sparse pubescent below, pubescent on midrib above, to 4cm long, 2cm broad, fragrant.
Inflorescence - Terminal and axillary compound cymes. Each division of inflorescence subtended by a pair of minute oblong bracts. Bracts to 3mm long, punctate.
Divisions of inflorescence also with tufts of hispid hairs.Flowers - Corolla tube to 3mm long, pubescent externally, long hirsute internally at base, punctate, 4-lobed(weakly bilabiate). Lobes to 1.3mm long, blunt to rounded at apex, glabrous internally, pubescent and punctate externally. Upper lobe notched at apex. Corolla lobes and tube purple, with darker purple spotting internally. Stamens 2, adnate at base of corolla tube, well exserted. Filaments pinkish-purple, to 5mm long, glabrous. Anthers yellowish-purple, .6mm broad, .5mm long. Style lilac, glabrous, to 4mm long, exserted. Stigma 2-lobed. Ovary 4-parted. Calyx tube to 2.5mm long, punctate, glabrous externally villous internally(the hairs white), 10-nerved, 5-lobed. Lobes .4mm long, glabrous externally, acute. Nutlets to 1.3mm long at maturity, brown, glabrous.
Flowering - July - November.
Habitat - Dry open rocky woods, slopes, ridges, open ground, prairies.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This little aromatic plant is sometimes overlooked in the field but is quite nice. The leaves of the plant are quite minty and have been brewed traditionally as a tea for medicinal and culinary uses. The tea was used to treat headaches, fevers, and even snakebites.
This species, and a handful of others, are also producers of something called "frost flowers." Frost flowers are thin, layered eruptions of ice crystals which burst from the xylem of the plant stems in early fall. If you want to learn more about frost flowers see the October/November 2000 issue of Missouri Conservationist magazine.
Stems - To +50cm tall, from thin rhizomes or a small caudex, multiple from base, 4-angled, sparse lanate above, glabrescent below, branching, erect, brown and appearing woody.
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, sessile, ovate, acute, rounded at base, coarse shallow serrate, punctate, sparse pubescent below, pubescent on midrib above, to 4cm long, 2cm broad, fragrant.
Inflorescence - Terminal and axillary compound cymes. Each division of inflorescence subtended by a pair of minute oblong bracts. Bracts to 3mm long, punctate.
Divisions of inflorescence also with tufts of hispid hairs.Flowers - Corolla tube to 3mm long, pubescent externally, long hirsute internally at base, punctate, 4-lobed(weakly bilabiate). Lobes to 1.3mm long, blunt to rounded at apex, glabrous internally, pubescent and punctate externally. Upper lobe notched at apex. Corolla lobes and tube purple, with darker purple spotting internally. Stamens 2, adnate at base of corolla tube, well exserted. Filaments pinkish-purple, to 5mm long, glabrous. Anthers yellowish-purple, .6mm broad, .5mm long. Style lilac, glabrous, to 4mm long, exserted. Stigma 2-lobed. Ovary 4-parted. Calyx tube to 2.5mm long, punctate, glabrous externally villous internally(the hairs white), 10-nerved, 5-lobed. Lobes .4mm long, glabrous externally, acute. Nutlets to 1.3mm long at maturity, brown, glabrous.
Flowering - July - November.
Habitat - Dry open rocky woods, slopes, ridges, open ground, prairies.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This little aromatic plant is sometimes overlooked in the field but is quite nice. The leaves of the plant are quite minty and have been brewed traditionally as a tea for medicinal and culinary uses. The tea was used to treat headaches, fevers, and even snakebites.
This species, and a handful of others, are also producers of something called "frost flowers." Frost flowers are thin, layered eruptions of ice crystals which burst from the xylem of the plant stems in early fall. If you want to learn more about frost flowers see the October/November 2000 issue of Missouri Conservationist magazine.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月26日
Family - Scrophulariaceae
Stems - To 20cm tall (typically shorter), erect, herbaceous, branching, terete, densely glandular pubescent, from a taproot.
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, pinnatifid to bipinnatifid in the apical 1/2, glandular pubescent, to 1.8cm long, 1.3cm broad. Ultimate leaf divisions linear to oblong or oblanceolate, entire.
Inflorescence - Typically single flowers from upper leaf axils. Pedicels to 3mm in flower, slightly longer in fruit, densely glandular pubescent.
Flowers - Corolla bilabiate, pale blue to lilac, to +4mm long, glabrous externally, sparse pilose internally. Upper lip single-lobed. The lobe with a notched at the apex, to -2mm broad, -1mm long. Lower lip 3-lobed. The lobes mostly equal, to 1.2mm long. Corolla tube to 2.5-3mm long, expanded and white at the base. Stamens 4, didynamous, adnate near middle of corolla tube, included. Filaments to 1.3mm long, white, glabrous. Anthers pale yellow to white .1-.2mm broad. Ovary superior, green, glabrous, +/-1mm long in flower, ovoid, 2-locular. Ovules many. Placentation axile. Style 1.1mm long, glabrous, green. Stigma 2-lobed. Sepals 5, barely united at the base for -1mm, to +2mm long in flower, +4mm in fruit, .3mm broad, linear-attenuate, slightly spreading at the tips or erect, glandular pubescent. Calyx accrescent. Capsule green, glabrous, 2-valved.
Flowering - May - October.
Habitat - Gravel bars of streams, moist ground of fields and prairies, mud flats, low woods, roadsides.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is one of those plants that most people would see as a weed in need of a good shower of "Round-Up". Closer inspection, however, reveals a neat little plant with very nice yet small flowers. The plant can be found throughout most of Missouri except may of the northern counties.
A synonym is Leucospora multifida (Michx.) Nutt.
Stems - To 20cm tall (typically shorter), erect, herbaceous, branching, terete, densely glandular pubescent, from a taproot.
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, pinnatifid to bipinnatifid in the apical 1/2, glandular pubescent, to 1.8cm long, 1.3cm broad. Ultimate leaf divisions linear to oblong or oblanceolate, entire.
Inflorescence - Typically single flowers from upper leaf axils. Pedicels to 3mm in flower, slightly longer in fruit, densely glandular pubescent.
Flowers - Corolla bilabiate, pale blue to lilac, to +4mm long, glabrous externally, sparse pilose internally. Upper lip single-lobed. The lobe with a notched at the apex, to -2mm broad, -1mm long. Lower lip 3-lobed. The lobes mostly equal, to 1.2mm long. Corolla tube to 2.5-3mm long, expanded and white at the base. Stamens 4, didynamous, adnate near middle of corolla tube, included. Filaments to 1.3mm long, white, glabrous. Anthers pale yellow to white .1-.2mm broad. Ovary superior, green, glabrous, +/-1mm long in flower, ovoid, 2-locular. Ovules many. Placentation axile. Style 1.1mm long, glabrous, green. Stigma 2-lobed. Sepals 5, barely united at the base for -1mm, to +2mm long in flower, +4mm in fruit, .3mm broad, linear-attenuate, slightly spreading at the tips or erect, glandular pubescent. Calyx accrescent. Capsule green, glabrous, 2-valved.
Flowering - May - October.
Habitat - Gravel bars of streams, moist ground of fields and prairies, mud flats, low woods, roadsides.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is one of those plants that most people would see as a weed in need of a good shower of "Round-Up". Closer inspection, however, reveals a neat little plant with very nice yet small flowers. The plant can be found throughout most of Missouri except may of the northern counties.
A synonym is Leucospora multifida (Michx.) Nutt.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月26日
Family - Scrophulariaceae
Stems - To +40cm tall, herbaceous, single or multiple from base, branching above or not, hollow, semi-succulent, from fibrous roots or with weak taproot, with two opposing longitudinal lines of pubescence below, scattered glandular pubescent above.
Leaves - Opposite. Lowest pairs(s) petiolate, (the petiole ciliate margined, to 1.5cm long), blade to +2cm long, 1.5cm broad, toothed, narrowly ovate. Upper leaves sessile, clasping, lanceolate, coarsely toothed, to +5cm long, +2cm broad, very sparsely pubescent (mostly on midrib) to glabrous.
Inflorescence - Terminal whorls or single axillary flowers. Whorls subtended by linear bracts to -1cm long. Pedicels to 1cm long in flower, much elongated in fruit to +3cm long, pubescent.
Flowers - Corolla bilabiate, tubular, to +1cm long. Upper lip two lobed, 6-7mm broad. Lobes lighter in color from whitish to lavender, deflexed at the apex. Lower lip three lobed with folded central lobe enclosing stamens and and style, blue-purple, more broad than upper lip. Stamens 4, borne at base of corolla tube, one pair from upper lip, one pair from lower lip (didynamous). Filaments white, glabrous, to 6mm long. Anthers of stamens from lower lip yellow, to 1mm long. Anthers of stamens from upper lip brownish, to +1mm long. Style filiform, to +5mm long. Ovary globose, 4-valved. Fruit a globose capsule to +6mm in diameter, +/-4 seeded. Calyx campanulate, persistent in fruit. Tube to 3mm long. Lobes 5, 4mm long in flower (5-6mm long in fruit), subequal, 2-3mm broad at base, mostly glabrous but sometimes very sparsely pubescent. Margins serrulate.
Flowering - April - June.
Habitat - Moist low woods, streambanks.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - I like most of the plants from this family and Collinsia is no exception. This common little plant has brilliant flowers and a striking display for a plant its size. I don't know if it is cultivated regularly but it should do well for people with shaded moist locations in their yards (areas which are typically tough to plant). Remember - Don't collect the plant, just some of the seeds.
Stems - To +40cm tall, herbaceous, single or multiple from base, branching above or not, hollow, semi-succulent, from fibrous roots or with weak taproot, with two opposing longitudinal lines of pubescence below, scattered glandular pubescent above.
Leaves - Opposite. Lowest pairs(s) petiolate, (the petiole ciliate margined, to 1.5cm long), blade to +2cm long, 1.5cm broad, toothed, narrowly ovate. Upper leaves sessile, clasping, lanceolate, coarsely toothed, to +5cm long, +2cm broad, very sparsely pubescent (mostly on midrib) to glabrous.
Inflorescence - Terminal whorls or single axillary flowers. Whorls subtended by linear bracts to -1cm long. Pedicels to 1cm long in flower, much elongated in fruit to +3cm long, pubescent.
Flowers - Corolla bilabiate, tubular, to +1cm long. Upper lip two lobed, 6-7mm broad. Lobes lighter in color from whitish to lavender, deflexed at the apex. Lower lip three lobed with folded central lobe enclosing stamens and and style, blue-purple, more broad than upper lip. Stamens 4, borne at base of corolla tube, one pair from upper lip, one pair from lower lip (didynamous). Filaments white, glabrous, to 6mm long. Anthers of stamens from lower lip yellow, to 1mm long. Anthers of stamens from upper lip brownish, to +1mm long. Style filiform, to +5mm long. Ovary globose, 4-valved. Fruit a globose capsule to +6mm in diameter, +/-4 seeded. Calyx campanulate, persistent in fruit. Tube to 3mm long. Lobes 5, 4mm long in flower (5-6mm long in fruit), subequal, 2-3mm broad at base, mostly glabrous but sometimes very sparsely pubescent. Margins serrulate.
Flowering - April - June.
Habitat - Moist low woods, streambanks.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - I like most of the plants from this family and Collinsia is no exception. This common little plant has brilliant flowers and a striking display for a plant its size. I don't know if it is cultivated regularly but it should do well for people with shaded moist locations in their yards (areas which are typically tough to plant). Remember - Don't collect the plant, just some of the seeds.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月26日
Family - Ranunculaceae
Stems - Sprawling to climbing, herbaceous, glabrous or with a few hairs at nodes, terete ar with rounded angles, reddish-brown, branching.
Leaves - Opposite. odd-pinnately compound with 3-7 leaflets. Petiolules of lateral leaflets to 2cm long. Petiolule of terminal leaflet longer. Leaflets entire, ovate to rotund, blunt at apex, mucronate, glabrous above, glabrous or with a few sparse hairs below, glaucous below, to +6cm long, +4.5cm broad. Terminal leaflet twining.
Inflorescence - Single pedunculate flowers from leaf axils. Peduncles subtended by a pair of foliaceous bracts. Peduncles to 10cm long, purple, glabrous, bent at apex.
Flowers - Apetalous, urcreolate. Sepals 4, thick, spongy, purple at base fading to greenish-white at apex externally, white internally, joined near base, recurving at apices, acute, to +2cm long, 1cm broad at base. Stamens many (+50), included. Filaments to 1.2cm long, pubescent, creamy white. Anthers pale yellow, .7mm long. Pistils dense villous for entire length, 1.6cm long.
Flowering - May - June.
Habitat - Rocky open woods, bluff ledges, rocky ravines.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - In Missouri, there are a few species of these purple flowered Clematis that look alike. When I get them all posted you can see the differences for yourself.
C. versicolor is a striking plant and is being used in cultivation. It is found in south-central Missouri in the Ozarks. It seems to prefer locations with a shady northern or eastern exposure.
Stems - Sprawling to climbing, herbaceous, glabrous or with a few hairs at nodes, terete ar with rounded angles, reddish-brown, branching.
Leaves - Opposite. odd-pinnately compound with 3-7 leaflets. Petiolules of lateral leaflets to 2cm long. Petiolule of terminal leaflet longer. Leaflets entire, ovate to rotund, blunt at apex, mucronate, glabrous above, glabrous or with a few sparse hairs below, glaucous below, to +6cm long, +4.5cm broad. Terminal leaflet twining.
Inflorescence - Single pedunculate flowers from leaf axils. Peduncles subtended by a pair of foliaceous bracts. Peduncles to 10cm long, purple, glabrous, bent at apex.
Flowers - Apetalous, urcreolate. Sepals 4, thick, spongy, purple at base fading to greenish-white at apex externally, white internally, joined near base, recurving at apices, acute, to +2cm long, 1cm broad at base. Stamens many (+50), included. Filaments to 1.2cm long, pubescent, creamy white. Anthers pale yellow, .7mm long. Pistils dense villous for entire length, 1.6cm long.
Flowering - May - June.
Habitat - Rocky open woods, bluff ledges, rocky ravines.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - In Missouri, there are a few species of these purple flowered Clematis that look alike. When I get them all posted you can see the differences for yourself.
C. versicolor is a striking plant and is being used in cultivation. It is found in south-central Missouri in the Ozarks. It seems to prefer locations with a shady northern or eastern exposure.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月26日
Family - Ranunculaceae
Stems - To +1m long, vining, climbing, suffrutescent, pubescent, twisted or not, angled and ribbed, 2-3mm thick, brown.
Leaves - Opposite, pinnately compound, petiolate, mostly about +/-15cm long. Rachis antrorse pilosulous. Leaflets opposite. Petiolules to +/-1.5cm long, with a very shallow adaxial groove, pilosulous. Terminal most leaflets often twisted and acting as tendrils. Tendrils present from between the leaflets or not. Leaflets ovate to lanceolate, with obvious reticulate venation (especially below), entire, acute, to +/-9cm long, +/-5cm broad, dark dull green and nearly glabrous adaxially, shiny light green and pubescent abaxially.
Inflorescence - Single pedunculate axillary flower. Peduncle often with a pair of opposite bracts in the lower 1/3. Bracts typically orbicular. Peduncles antrorse pilosulous, to +/-11cm long, purplish at apex by the flower. Flower pendulous.
Flowers - Petals absent. Sepals petaloid, to 2.5cm long, united in basal 2/3 but easily separated, spreading to (more commonly) recurved at the tips, acute, pilosulous externally (may need a lens to see this), purplish at the base and fading to greenish at the tips, thick (+/-2mm). Stamens many, mostly included, their apices just protruding beyond the sepals, to 2cm long, glabrous in the basal 1/2, with antrorse barbs in the apical 1/2, greenish-yellow. Anthers basifixed, not easily differentiated from the filaments. Pistils densely antrorse appressed pubescent, with long curling apices.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - Low or rocky woods, bluff ledges, thickets, slopes.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This species can be found throughout Missouri and is the most common member of the genus in the state. It can be identified by its pubescent stems, bluish flowers (which reach about 2.5cm long), and its reticulate-veined leaflets. Many of the Clematis species in Missouri look alike, check carefully to ensure a proper ID. The leaves of this species, and most others in the genus, blacken quickly upon drying.
Stems - To +1m long, vining, climbing, suffrutescent, pubescent, twisted or not, angled and ribbed, 2-3mm thick, brown.
Leaves - Opposite, pinnately compound, petiolate, mostly about +/-15cm long. Rachis antrorse pilosulous. Leaflets opposite. Petiolules to +/-1.5cm long, with a very shallow adaxial groove, pilosulous. Terminal most leaflets often twisted and acting as tendrils. Tendrils present from between the leaflets or not. Leaflets ovate to lanceolate, with obvious reticulate venation (especially below), entire, acute, to +/-9cm long, +/-5cm broad, dark dull green and nearly glabrous adaxially, shiny light green and pubescent abaxially.
Inflorescence - Single pedunculate axillary flower. Peduncle often with a pair of opposite bracts in the lower 1/3. Bracts typically orbicular. Peduncles antrorse pilosulous, to +/-11cm long, purplish at apex by the flower. Flower pendulous.
Flowers - Petals absent. Sepals petaloid, to 2.5cm long, united in basal 2/3 but easily separated, spreading to (more commonly) recurved at the tips, acute, pilosulous externally (may need a lens to see this), purplish at the base and fading to greenish at the tips, thick (+/-2mm). Stamens many, mostly included, their apices just protruding beyond the sepals, to 2cm long, glabrous in the basal 1/2, with antrorse barbs in the apical 1/2, greenish-yellow. Anthers basifixed, not easily differentiated from the filaments. Pistils densely antrorse appressed pubescent, with long curling apices.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - Low or rocky woods, bluff ledges, thickets, slopes.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This species can be found throughout Missouri and is the most common member of the genus in the state. It can be identified by its pubescent stems, bluish flowers (which reach about 2.5cm long), and its reticulate-veined leaflets. Many of the Clematis species in Missouri look alike, check carefully to ensure a proper ID. The leaves of this species, and most others in the genus, blacken quickly upon drying.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月26日
Family - Scrophulariaceae
Stems - To 30cm tall, erect, herbaceous, from single taproot and fibrous roots, glandular pubescent, branching, slightly "zig-zag" in appearance.
Leaves - Lowest leaves opposite to sub-opposite, spatulate, glandular pubescent, entire, purplish abaxially. Main leaves alternate, entire, sub-acute, 1-1.5cm long, 1-5mm broad, glandular pubescent, purplish below, tapering at base to a short petiole.
Inflorescence - Single axillary flowers. Pedicels erect, glandular pubescent, 1-1.4cm long.
Flowers - Corolla zygomorphic, 6-7mm long including spur, bilabiate. Upper lobe notched at apex, glandular pubescent, 3mm broad. Lobes rounded. Lower lip 3-lobed. Lobes rounded, 1-1.5mm long. Spur to 2mm long, purplish. Throat of corolla nearly closed by a saccate appendage of the lower lip. Corolla glandular internally, dark purple on lower lip internally. Stamens 4, didynamous, adnate at base of corolla tube, included. Filaments white, mostly glabrous but with glandular hairs at base, longest to 4mm long. Anthers pale yellow to white with dark purple also, -1mm long. Ovary superior, glandular pubescent, green, 1mm long, 2-locular. Placentation axile. Ovules many. Style 2mm long, purple, sparsely glandular pubescent at the base. Stigma exserted from one side of the style. Sepals 5, distinct, green, glandular pubescent externally and internally, 2-4mm long, 1mm broad, sub-acute, linear to linear-oblanceolate. Capsule glandular pubescent, 5mm long, apically dehiscent and tan upon drying.
Flowering - June - September.
Habitat - Railroads and waste places.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This species can be found in the northern half of the state. This small species is often overlooked because of its small size, however, the flowers are quite striking and interesting. C. minus is easy to ID in the field because of its distinctive flowers, small size, and glandular pubescent stems. It was first found in Missouri in 1947.
Stems - To 30cm tall, erect, herbaceous, from single taproot and fibrous roots, glandular pubescent, branching, slightly "zig-zag" in appearance.
Leaves - Lowest leaves opposite to sub-opposite, spatulate, glandular pubescent, entire, purplish abaxially. Main leaves alternate, entire, sub-acute, 1-1.5cm long, 1-5mm broad, glandular pubescent, purplish below, tapering at base to a short petiole.
Inflorescence - Single axillary flowers. Pedicels erect, glandular pubescent, 1-1.4cm long.
Flowers - Corolla zygomorphic, 6-7mm long including spur, bilabiate. Upper lobe notched at apex, glandular pubescent, 3mm broad. Lobes rounded. Lower lip 3-lobed. Lobes rounded, 1-1.5mm long. Spur to 2mm long, purplish. Throat of corolla nearly closed by a saccate appendage of the lower lip. Corolla glandular internally, dark purple on lower lip internally. Stamens 4, didynamous, adnate at base of corolla tube, included. Filaments white, mostly glabrous but with glandular hairs at base, longest to 4mm long. Anthers pale yellow to white with dark purple also, -1mm long. Ovary superior, glandular pubescent, green, 1mm long, 2-locular. Placentation axile. Ovules many. Style 2mm long, purple, sparsely glandular pubescent at the base. Stigma exserted from one side of the style. Sepals 5, distinct, green, glandular pubescent externally and internally, 2-4mm long, 1mm broad, sub-acute, linear to linear-oblanceolate. Capsule glandular pubescent, 5mm long, apically dehiscent and tan upon drying.
Flowering - June - September.
Habitat - Railroads and waste places.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This species can be found in the northern half of the state. This small species is often overlooked because of its small size, however, the flowers are quite striking and interesting. C. minus is easy to ID in the field because of its distinctive flowers, small size, and glandular pubescent stems. It was first found in Missouri in 1947.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月26日
Family - Verbenaceae
Stems - To 1.5m tall, multiple, branching, woody, gray-tomentose above, glabrescent below, dying back each year.
Leaves - Opposite, coarsely toothed, short-petiolate, gray-tomentose above and below, lanceolate, to 6cm long, 3cm wide, fragrant.
Inflorescence - Axillary, pedunculate, cymose clusters, mostly in upper half of stems.
Flowers - Corolla deep blue-purple, tubular, to +1cm long, with an expanded limb. Stamens 4, long exerted beyond corolla tube and slightly spreading. Calyx tomentose.
Flowering - July - November.
Habitat - Cultivated.
Origin - Native to Asia.
Other info. - Although the genus Caryopteris is comprised of about 15 species, the plant shown above is Caryopteris x cladonensis. This plant is a hybrid between C. incana and C.mongholica.
Few plants produced as much blue color or as long as this hybrid. Other Caryopteris species grow smaller or are more branching. All are popular in cultivation and are great in adult butterfly gardens.
Stems - To 1.5m tall, multiple, branching, woody, gray-tomentose above, glabrescent below, dying back each year.
Leaves - Opposite, coarsely toothed, short-petiolate, gray-tomentose above and below, lanceolate, to 6cm long, 3cm wide, fragrant.
Inflorescence - Axillary, pedunculate, cymose clusters, mostly in upper half of stems.
Flowers - Corolla deep blue-purple, tubular, to +1cm long, with an expanded limb. Stamens 4, long exerted beyond corolla tube and slightly spreading. Calyx tomentose.
Flowering - July - November.
Habitat - Cultivated.
Origin - Native to Asia.
Other info. - Although the genus Caryopteris is comprised of about 15 species, the plant shown above is Caryopteris x cladonensis. This plant is a hybrid between C. incana and C.mongholica.
Few plants produced as much blue color or as long as this hybrid. Other Caryopteris species grow smaller or are more branching. All are popular in cultivation and are great in adult butterfly gardens.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月26日
Family - Scrophulariaceae
Stems - To +/-60cm tall, simple, erect, herbaceous, purple above, scabrous (hispidulous), weakly 4-angled to terete.
Leaves - Opposite, sessile, lanceolate, with few coarse serrate teeth, scabrous, acute, to 6cm long, +/-1.5cm broad, with 3 conspicuous main veins arising from base of blade, decussate.
Inflorescence - Terminal spike to -15cm long. Flowers decussate to alternate on axis. Each flower subtended by 3 scalelike bracts. Central bract lance-ovate, to 5mm long. Lateral bracts (bractlets) linear, 3mm long. All bracts scabrous.
Flowers - Corolla 5-lobed, purple, zygomorphic, salverform. Corolla tube to 1.4cm long, pubescent, white below (in calyx), purple above, bearded internally and at apex of throat with multicellular hairs. Largest corolla lobes to 9mm long, 3-4mm broad, often notched at apex. All lobes pubescent internally and externally. Stamens 4, adnate at lower 1/4 of corolla tube, subequal, included. Filaments greenish, 1.1m long, glabrous. Anthers purple, 2mm long. Style green, glabrous, included, to 3mm long. Ovary superior, cylindric, green, glabrous, 3mm long. Placentation free central, ovules many. Calyx tube to 6mm long in flower, antrorse strigos
Flowering - June - September.
Habitat - Prairies and limestone glades.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This species can be found in the lower 1/2 of Missouri and is relatively infrequent. It can be found in dry to wet areas of the habitats mentioned above. The flowers are quite showy and the plant is worthy of cultivation. It grows fine from seed.
In the leaf scan above the leaves appear quite dark. This is due to the fact that the leaves of this species quickly turn black when bruised or picked.
Stems - To +/-60cm tall, simple, erect, herbaceous, purple above, scabrous (hispidulous), weakly 4-angled to terete.
Leaves - Opposite, sessile, lanceolate, with few coarse serrate teeth, scabrous, acute, to 6cm long, +/-1.5cm broad, with 3 conspicuous main veins arising from base of blade, decussate.
Inflorescence - Terminal spike to -15cm long. Flowers decussate to alternate on axis. Each flower subtended by 3 scalelike bracts. Central bract lance-ovate, to 5mm long. Lateral bracts (bractlets) linear, 3mm long. All bracts scabrous.
Flowers - Corolla 5-lobed, purple, zygomorphic, salverform. Corolla tube to 1.4cm long, pubescent, white below (in calyx), purple above, bearded internally and at apex of throat with multicellular hairs. Largest corolla lobes to 9mm long, 3-4mm broad, often notched at apex. All lobes pubescent internally and externally. Stamens 4, adnate at lower 1/4 of corolla tube, subequal, included. Filaments greenish, 1.1m long, glabrous. Anthers purple, 2mm long. Style green, glabrous, included, to 3mm long. Ovary superior, cylindric, green, glabrous, 3mm long. Placentation free central, ovules many. Calyx tube to 6mm long in flower, antrorse strigos
Flowering - June - September.
Habitat - Prairies and limestone glades.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This species can be found in the lower 1/2 of Missouri and is relatively infrequent. It can be found in dry to wet areas of the habitats mentioned above. The flowers are quite showy and the plant is worthy of cultivation. It grows fine from seed.
In the leaf scan above the leaves appear quite dark. This is due to the fact that the leaves of this species quickly turn black when bruised or picked.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月26日
Family - Lamiaceae
Stems - To -1m tall, simple, multiple or single from base, from thin rhizomes, with fibrous roots, 4-angled, pubescent to hirsute, hollow, fragrant.
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, petiolate, fragrant. Petioles to 1cm long, hirsute to villous. Blades to 10cm long, +5cm broad, lanceolate, acute to blunt, ciliate margined, shallow serrate to crenate serrate, pubescent above, hirsute on veins below.
Inflorescence - Terminal dense cluster of multiple verticillasters. Lower verticillasters subtended by ovate foliaceous bracts. Bracts only slightly exceeding the flowers, with ciliate margins, sessile. Pedicels to 2mm long.
Flowers - Corolla bilabiate, white to lavender with purple spotting internally. Tube to 1cm long, pubescent near apex. Upper lip single lobed. Lobe to 3mm long. Lower lip 3-lobed, to 4mm broad and long. Central lobe +/-1.5mm longer than lateral lobes, linear. All lobes pubescent to hirsute externally, glabrous internally. Stamens 2, adnate at apex of corolla tube, exserted from upper lip of corolla. Filaments to 4.5mm long, glabrous, lilac to purplish. Anthers pinkish, to .9mm broad. Style 1.2cm long, glabrous, lilac to whitish. Ovary of 4 nutlets. Nutlets brownish to black, glabrous, 1mm long. Calyx bilabiate, 13 nerved. Tube to 6mm long, whitish-green at base, hirsute at apex. Upper lip 3-lobed. Lobes linear, 2.1mm long, with long paired cilia at apex, green. Lower lip 2-lobed. Lobes linear, 2mm long, with paired cilia at apex, green.
Flowering - May - August.
Habitat - Open woods, glades, bluffs, roadsides.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This species and the closely related B. hirsuta (Pursh) Benth. (found in the "White Flowers Opposite" section of this website) make desirable garden plants. Both are pleasantly fragrant, striking when in flower, and good for attracting flying insects.
B. ciliata typically has more bluish flowers than the plant pictured above. The genus name of the plant means "eye lashes" and is so named because of the long cilia on the bracts subtending the flowers.
Stems - To -1m tall, simple, multiple or single from base, from thin rhizomes, with fibrous roots, 4-angled, pubescent to hirsute, hollow, fragrant.
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, petiolate, fragrant. Petioles to 1cm long, hirsute to villous. Blades to 10cm long, +5cm broad, lanceolate, acute to blunt, ciliate margined, shallow serrate to crenate serrate, pubescent above, hirsute on veins below.
Inflorescence - Terminal dense cluster of multiple verticillasters. Lower verticillasters subtended by ovate foliaceous bracts. Bracts only slightly exceeding the flowers, with ciliate margins, sessile. Pedicels to 2mm long.
Flowers - Corolla bilabiate, white to lavender with purple spotting internally. Tube to 1cm long, pubescent near apex. Upper lip single lobed. Lobe to 3mm long. Lower lip 3-lobed, to 4mm broad and long. Central lobe +/-1.5mm longer than lateral lobes, linear. All lobes pubescent to hirsute externally, glabrous internally. Stamens 2, adnate at apex of corolla tube, exserted from upper lip of corolla. Filaments to 4.5mm long, glabrous, lilac to purplish. Anthers pinkish, to .9mm broad. Style 1.2cm long, glabrous, lilac to whitish. Ovary of 4 nutlets. Nutlets brownish to black, glabrous, 1mm long. Calyx bilabiate, 13 nerved. Tube to 6mm long, whitish-green at base, hirsute at apex. Upper lip 3-lobed. Lobes linear, 2.1mm long, with long paired cilia at apex, green. Lower lip 2-lobed. Lobes linear, 2mm long, with paired cilia at apex, green.
Flowering - May - August.
Habitat - Open woods, glades, bluffs, roadsides.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This species and the closely related B. hirsuta (Pursh) Benth. (found in the "White Flowers Opposite" section of this website) make desirable garden plants. Both are pleasantly fragrant, striking when in flower, and good for attracting flying insects.
B. ciliata typically has more bluish flowers than the plant pictured above. The genus name of the plant means "eye lashes" and is so named because of the long cilia on the bracts subtending the flowers.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月26日
Stems - Vegetative stems repent, herbaceous, typically glabrous, to +/-30cm. Flowering stems erect, 4-angled, densely pilose above, less so below, herbaceous, to+15cm tall, from thickened roots.
Leaves - Leaves of vegetative stems petiolate, opposite, from 1.5-6cm long(depending on variety), 1-3.5cm broad, glabrous or sparsely pubescent. Petioles winged or not. Leaves of flowering stems opposite, sessile to +2.5cm long, 1.5cm broad, toothed, entire, or irregularly crenate, oblong to obovate, pubescent above and below, typically decussate in inflorescence.
Inflorescence - Axillary clusters of typically 4 flowers. Flowers sessile or on stalks to +/-1mm.
Flowers - Corolla blue-purple, bilabiate, tubular, sparsely lanate externally. Tube to +/-7mm long, -2mm in diameter. Lower lip enlarged, 3-lobed. Central lobe to +/-4mm long and broad. Lateral lobes to +/-2mm long and broad. Upper lip much reduced, 2-lobed. Lobes acute, to 1.5mm long. Stamens 4, subequal, adnate near apex of corolla tube, slightly exserted from upper lip. Filaments lilac, 2-3mm long, glabrous. Style 1, exserted from between and beyond stamens, to 9mm long, whitish below, purplish near apex, glabrous. Stigma 2-lobed. Ovary 4 parted, with sparse pubescence on apex of each nutlet. Calyx bilabiate, pilose, accrescent. Tube to 1mm long. Upper lip three lobed. Lobes 2mm long, acuminate. Lower lip 2-lobed. Lobes 2mm long, acuminate, converging.
Flowering - April - May.
Habitat - Cultivated.
Origin - Native to Eurasia.
Other info. - This plant is frequently cultivated in Missouri but not escaped, yet. It spreads by repent stems and reseeds itself. The leaves and stems can be from green to deep purple in color, and quite variable in size, depending on the cultivar.
Photographs taken in Brown Summit, NC., 4-12-03.
Leaves - Leaves of vegetative stems petiolate, opposite, from 1.5-6cm long(depending on variety), 1-3.5cm broad, glabrous or sparsely pubescent. Petioles winged or not. Leaves of flowering stems opposite, sessile to +2.5cm long, 1.5cm broad, toothed, entire, or irregularly crenate, oblong to obovate, pubescent above and below, typically decussate in inflorescence.
Inflorescence - Axillary clusters of typically 4 flowers. Flowers sessile or on stalks to +/-1mm.
Flowers - Corolla blue-purple, bilabiate, tubular, sparsely lanate externally. Tube to +/-7mm long, -2mm in diameter. Lower lip enlarged, 3-lobed. Central lobe to +/-4mm long and broad. Lateral lobes to +/-2mm long and broad. Upper lip much reduced, 2-lobed. Lobes acute, to 1.5mm long. Stamens 4, subequal, adnate near apex of corolla tube, slightly exserted from upper lip. Filaments lilac, 2-3mm long, glabrous. Style 1, exserted from between and beyond stamens, to 9mm long, whitish below, purplish near apex, glabrous. Stigma 2-lobed. Ovary 4 parted, with sparse pubescence on apex of each nutlet. Calyx bilabiate, pilose, accrescent. Tube to 1mm long. Upper lip three lobed. Lobes 2mm long, acuminate. Lower lip 2-lobed. Lobes 2mm long, acuminate, converging.
Flowering - April - May.
Habitat - Cultivated.
Origin - Native to Eurasia.
Other info. - This plant is frequently cultivated in Missouri but not escaped, yet. It spreads by repent stems and reseeds itself. The leaves and stems can be from green to deep purple in color, and quite variable in size, depending on the cultivar.
Photographs taken in Brown Summit, NC., 4-12-03.
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