文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月15日
Family - Boraginaceae
Stems - To 1.5m tall, single from base but with many divergent branches,(branches perpendicular to stem axis, horizontal), scabrous, often with purple-black striations, hirsute and antrorse strigose above, sometimes retrorse strigose below, erect, herbaceous but tough and stout.
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate. Petiole winged. Blade to +/-20cm long, +/-7cm broad, ovate to elliptic-ovate below, becoming lance-oblong above, scabrous, acute, entire, reduced above.
Inflorescence - At anthesis flowers in a compact coiled cymes at tip of stems. Inflorescence quickly elongating and become racemose, to +20cm long. Fruits pendant, subtended by small bract. Petioles to 2mm in flower, elongating in fruit to +4mm long, dense pubescent.
Flowers - Corolla tube 1.2mm long, glabrous, white, 5-lobed. Lobes blunt, rounded, -1mm long, 1mm broad, glabrous, with conspicuous fornices at corolla throat. Fornices white. Stamens 5, included, adnate at base of corolla tube, alternating with corolla lobes. Filaments .1mm long, white, glabrous. Anthers yellowish at first, reddish with age, .3mm long. Ovary 4-lobed, green, tuberculate, .8mm broad. Style short, included, .2mm long, glabrous, pale yellow to whitish. Stigma capitate. Calyx tube to .3mm long, pubescent, 5-lobed. Lobes ovate, 1.2mm long, acute, antrorse pubescent externally, glabrous internally, erect in flower, spreading in fruit. Calyx accrescent. Fruit a 4-parted globose capsule, 5-6mm in diameter, with dense bristles. Bristles glochidiate.
Flowering - June - September.
Habitat - Open woods, thickets, waste ground.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is a common species in Missouri and quite a pain if you happen to walk into a fruiting bush. The fruits cling to clothing and hair better than probably any other Missouri species. Viewed under a microscope, the bristles of the fruit have a ring of retrorse barbs at their apices (glochidiate).
The flowers of the plant are incredibly minute but are easily recognizable as belonging to the family Boraginaceae because of their tubular 5-lobed design, and the fornices at the base of the corolla lobes.
Stems - To 1.5m tall, single from base but with many divergent branches,(branches perpendicular to stem axis, horizontal), scabrous, often with purple-black striations, hirsute and antrorse strigose above, sometimes retrorse strigose below, erect, herbaceous but tough and stout.
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate. Petiole winged. Blade to +/-20cm long, +/-7cm broad, ovate to elliptic-ovate below, becoming lance-oblong above, scabrous, acute, entire, reduced above.
Inflorescence - At anthesis flowers in a compact coiled cymes at tip of stems. Inflorescence quickly elongating and become racemose, to +20cm long. Fruits pendant, subtended by small bract. Petioles to 2mm in flower, elongating in fruit to +4mm long, dense pubescent.
Flowers - Corolla tube 1.2mm long, glabrous, white, 5-lobed. Lobes blunt, rounded, -1mm long, 1mm broad, glabrous, with conspicuous fornices at corolla throat. Fornices white. Stamens 5, included, adnate at base of corolla tube, alternating with corolla lobes. Filaments .1mm long, white, glabrous. Anthers yellowish at first, reddish with age, .3mm long. Ovary 4-lobed, green, tuberculate, .8mm broad. Style short, included, .2mm long, glabrous, pale yellow to whitish. Stigma capitate. Calyx tube to .3mm long, pubescent, 5-lobed. Lobes ovate, 1.2mm long, acute, antrorse pubescent externally, glabrous internally, erect in flower, spreading in fruit. Calyx accrescent. Fruit a 4-parted globose capsule, 5-6mm in diameter, with dense bristles. Bristles glochidiate.
Flowering - June - September.
Habitat - Open woods, thickets, waste ground.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is a common species in Missouri and quite a pain if you happen to walk into a fruiting bush. The fruits cling to clothing and hair better than probably any other Missouri species. Viewed under a microscope, the bristles of the fruit have a ring of retrorse barbs at their apices (glochidiate).
The flowers of the plant are incredibly minute but are easily recognizable as belonging to the family Boraginaceae because of their tubular 5-lobed design, and the fornices at the base of the corolla lobes.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月15日
Family - Asteraceae
Stems - To 1m tall, arachnoid pubescent, typically single and simple from the base but branching near apex, erect, herbaceous, terete.
Leaves - Alternate, linear to linear-oblong or linear lanceolate, to +/- 7cm long, entire, many per stem, abaxial surface typically with dense arachnoid pubescence, adaxial surface dark green and somewhat shiny. Lower leaves typically dried at anthesis.
Inflorescence - Branching corymbose arrangement at top of stems, generally rounded or dome shaped with age.
Involucre - To +/-6mm tall (long). Phyllaries scarious-white, imbricate, appressed, arachnoid pubescent.
Ray flowers - Absent.
Disk flowers - Minute, creamy white to pale yellow, mostly included within the involucre. Pappus of capillary bristles.
Flowering - July - November.
Habitat - Pastures, waste ground, disturbed sites, woodland, prairies, thickets, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is an easy species to identify. The arachnoid pubescent stems and white involucres are characteristic. The plant can be found throughout Missouri.
Steyermark lists two varieties for the state. Variety obtusifolium (pictured above) has stems and leaves with a dense white hairiness. Variety micradenium has stems with glandular hairs and no dense white hairiness. This variety is much less common.
Stems - To 1m tall, arachnoid pubescent, typically single and simple from the base but branching near apex, erect, herbaceous, terete.
Leaves - Alternate, linear to linear-oblong or linear lanceolate, to +/- 7cm long, entire, many per stem, abaxial surface typically with dense arachnoid pubescence, adaxial surface dark green and somewhat shiny. Lower leaves typically dried at anthesis.
Inflorescence - Branching corymbose arrangement at top of stems, generally rounded or dome shaped with age.
Involucre - To +/-6mm tall (long). Phyllaries scarious-white, imbricate, appressed, arachnoid pubescent.
Ray flowers - Absent.
Disk flowers - Minute, creamy white to pale yellow, mostly included within the involucre. Pappus of capillary bristles.
Flowering - July - November.
Habitat - Pastures, waste ground, disturbed sites, woodland, prairies, thickets, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is an easy species to identify. The arachnoid pubescent stems and white involucres are characteristic. The plant can be found throughout Missouri.
Steyermark lists two varieties for the state. Variety obtusifolium (pictured above) has stems and leaves with a dense white hairiness. Variety micradenium has stems with glandular hairs and no dense white hairiness. This variety is much less common.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月15日
Family - Rosaceae
Stems - To +1m tall, herbaceous, erect, glabrous to pubescent, branching, multiple from base, sub-hollow, greenish to red above, from caudex, rhizomatous.
Leaves - Alternate, stipulate, short-petiolate, trifoliolate. Stipules large, foliaceous, serrate, ovate, +/-2.5cm long and broad, pubescent below, glabrous ir sparse pubescent above. Leaflets sessile, linear-lanceolate, to 9cm long, 2cm broad, serrate, pubescent below, sparse pubescent above, central leaflet slightly larger than lateral leaflets. Leaflets of lowest leaves pinnatifid.
Inflorescence - Axillary and terminal loose few-flowered panicles. Each divisions of inflorescence subtended by reduced foliaceous bract.
Flowers - Petals 5, white, acute to acuminate, 1.2cm long, 3-4mm broad, glabrous, oblong, clawed. Claw to 3mm long. Stamens 20, borne at edge of hypanthium, in two sets. Filaments white, glabrous, 2mm long. Anthers tan, 1mm in diameter. Pistils 5, distinct. Styles white, 3mm long, glabrous. Ovaries yellow-green, 1.9mm long. Hypanthium tube 5-6mm long, 3-4mm in diameter, greenish-white to reddish, truncate at base, glabrous. Sepals 5, acute, 1.1mm long, with some pubescence internally near apex. Follicles to 8mm long, glabrous, with +/-3 seeds.
Flowering - May - July.
Habitat - Rocky open woods, roadsides.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - A common name for this plant is "American Ipecac" because the plant had been used by natives as a laxative and emetic. This is not, however, the common Ipecac of modern medicine. Today's Ipecac comes from Cephaelis ipecacuanha, a member of the Rubiaceae from South America.
A synonym is Porteranthus stipulatus (Muhl.) Britt.
Stems - To +1m tall, herbaceous, erect, glabrous to pubescent, branching, multiple from base, sub-hollow, greenish to red above, from caudex, rhizomatous.
Leaves - Alternate, stipulate, short-petiolate, trifoliolate. Stipules large, foliaceous, serrate, ovate, +/-2.5cm long and broad, pubescent below, glabrous ir sparse pubescent above. Leaflets sessile, linear-lanceolate, to 9cm long, 2cm broad, serrate, pubescent below, sparse pubescent above, central leaflet slightly larger than lateral leaflets. Leaflets of lowest leaves pinnatifid.
Inflorescence - Axillary and terminal loose few-flowered panicles. Each divisions of inflorescence subtended by reduced foliaceous bract.
Flowers - Petals 5, white, acute to acuminate, 1.2cm long, 3-4mm broad, glabrous, oblong, clawed. Claw to 3mm long. Stamens 20, borne at edge of hypanthium, in two sets. Filaments white, glabrous, 2mm long. Anthers tan, 1mm in diameter. Pistils 5, distinct. Styles white, 3mm long, glabrous. Ovaries yellow-green, 1.9mm long. Hypanthium tube 5-6mm long, 3-4mm in diameter, greenish-white to reddish, truncate at base, glabrous. Sepals 5, acute, 1.1mm long, with some pubescence internally near apex. Follicles to 8mm long, glabrous, with +/-3 seeds.
Flowering - May - July.
Habitat - Rocky open woods, roadsides.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - A common name for this plant is "American Ipecac" because the plant had been used by natives as a laxative and emetic. This is not, however, the common Ipecac of modern medicine. Today's Ipecac comes from Cephaelis ipecacuanha, a member of the Rubiaceae from South America.
A synonym is Porteranthus stipulatus (Muhl.) Britt.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月15日
Family - Rosaceae
Stems - To 75cm tall, multiple from base, erect, herbaceous, typically simple, densely pubescent with distinct short and long hairs, from small caudex and rhizomes.
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate, stipulate, serrate, pubescent below, sparse appressed pubescent above. Stipules foliaceous, lobed, serrate to entire, pubescent, to 2cm long, +1cm broad. Petioles long on basal leaves, reduced above(to -1cm long), pubescent. Lower cauline leaves typically trifoliolate. Lateral leaflets oblique at base, sessile, acute. Central leaflet sessile, acute. Upper leaves lobed to simple.
Inflorescence - Flowers solitary or few in a loose cymose cluster. Axillary and terminal. Pedicels to 5cm long, sericeous.
Flowers - To 1.5cm broad. Petals 5, white, distinct, glabrous, to 7mm long, +4mm broad, short-clawed. Stamens many, borne at edge of hypanthium, spreading. Filaments to 2.5mm long, glabrous, whitish. Anthers yellow, .5mm in diameter. Carpels many. Styles persistent in fruit, elongating to 7mm and with 2mm deciduous portion in fruit. Sepals lance-ovate, acute to acuminate, to 5mm long, 2.5mm broad at base, pubescent externally(with whitish tomentose margins), glabrous internally, spreading to reflexed. Achenes in globose cluster, pubescent(with distinct long and short hairs), green.
Flowering - May - October.
Habitat - Moist wooded areas, wooded slopes, thickets.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is a very common woodland plant in Missouri. Although it can be considered weedy, I think the flowers are quite nice.
Steyermark lists two varieties for this species. Variety canadense has 30-60 achenes per head, achenes 2.5-3mm long. Upper surface of the cauline leaves mostly glabrous to very sparsely hairy.
Variety camporum has 60-150 achenes per flower head, achenes are 3-5mm long at maturity. Upper surface of cauline leaves with many appressed hairs. This latter variety is more common.
Stems - To 75cm tall, multiple from base, erect, herbaceous, typically simple, densely pubescent with distinct short and long hairs, from small caudex and rhizomes.
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate, stipulate, serrate, pubescent below, sparse appressed pubescent above. Stipules foliaceous, lobed, serrate to entire, pubescent, to 2cm long, +1cm broad. Petioles long on basal leaves, reduced above(to -1cm long), pubescent. Lower cauline leaves typically trifoliolate. Lateral leaflets oblique at base, sessile, acute. Central leaflet sessile, acute. Upper leaves lobed to simple.
Inflorescence - Flowers solitary or few in a loose cymose cluster. Axillary and terminal. Pedicels to 5cm long, sericeous.
Flowers - To 1.5cm broad. Petals 5, white, distinct, glabrous, to 7mm long, +4mm broad, short-clawed. Stamens many, borne at edge of hypanthium, spreading. Filaments to 2.5mm long, glabrous, whitish. Anthers yellow, .5mm in diameter. Carpels many. Styles persistent in fruit, elongating to 7mm and with 2mm deciduous portion in fruit. Sepals lance-ovate, acute to acuminate, to 5mm long, 2.5mm broad at base, pubescent externally(with whitish tomentose margins), glabrous internally, spreading to reflexed. Achenes in globose cluster, pubescent(with distinct long and short hairs), green.
Flowering - May - October.
Habitat - Moist wooded areas, wooded slopes, thickets.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is a very common woodland plant in Missouri. Although it can be considered weedy, I think the flowers are quite nice.
Steyermark lists two varieties for this species. Variety canadense has 30-60 achenes per head, achenes 2.5-3mm long. Upper surface of the cauline leaves mostly glabrous to very sparsely hairy.
Variety camporum has 60-150 achenes per flower head, achenes are 3-5mm long at maturity. Upper surface of cauline leaves with many appressed hairs. This latter variety is more common.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月15日
Family - Rosaceae
Stems - Acaulescent. Leaves and inflorescences from short crown. Plants stoloniferous and rhizomatous.
Leaves - Basal, trifoliolate, petiolate, stipulate. Stipules acute, 2cm long, 5-6mm broad, glabrous except for villous midvein. Petioles to +16cm long, pilose or with appressed pubescence. Leaflets lance-ovate to obovate, glabrous above, sericeous below, to -5cm long, +/-2.6cm broad, serrate-dentate on upper portion of margins, entire near base. Terminal leaflet on slightly longer petiolule than lateral leaflets. Lateral leaflets oblique at base.
Inflorescence - Open corymbiform cluster. Peduncle to 15cm long, pilose. Pedicels pilose or with appressed pubescence, to 1.3cm long.
Flowers - Petals 5, white, to 8mm long, 5.5mm broad, glabrous, orbicular to broadly obovate, spreading. Stamens many(+20), borne at edge of receptacle. Filaments 1.5mm long, yellow, glabrous. Anthers yellow. Pistils many. Hypanthium broadly conic, 2mm tall(long). sericeous. Bracts 5, linear, to +/-5mm long, 1.2mm broad, sericeous, alternating with sepals. Sepals acuminate, +/-5mm long, 2.2mm broad at base, sericeous. Fruit red, accessory, with many small achenes on surface, to +/-1.5cm long, a strawberry for goodness sakes.
Flowering - April - May.
Habitat - Open slopes, prairies, rocky open ground, open woods, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - What else can I say? It's a strawberry plant, plain and simple. The strawberries you buy in the store, (F. x ananassa), are hybrids of this species and F. chiloensis (L.) Duchn. from Europe. The European strawberries have the size but no flavor and our plants have the taste but no size. The hybrid typically has both.
F. virginiana has smaller flowers than the hybrid plants, which occasionally escape cultivation in our area. The leaves of F. virginiana are typically trifoliolate but sometimes have a an extra pair of reduced leaflets also.
Stems - Acaulescent. Leaves and inflorescences from short crown. Plants stoloniferous and rhizomatous.
Leaves - Basal, trifoliolate, petiolate, stipulate. Stipules acute, 2cm long, 5-6mm broad, glabrous except for villous midvein. Petioles to +16cm long, pilose or with appressed pubescence. Leaflets lance-ovate to obovate, glabrous above, sericeous below, to -5cm long, +/-2.6cm broad, serrate-dentate on upper portion of margins, entire near base. Terminal leaflet on slightly longer petiolule than lateral leaflets. Lateral leaflets oblique at base.
Inflorescence - Open corymbiform cluster. Peduncle to 15cm long, pilose. Pedicels pilose or with appressed pubescence, to 1.3cm long.
Flowers - Petals 5, white, to 8mm long, 5.5mm broad, glabrous, orbicular to broadly obovate, spreading. Stamens many(+20), borne at edge of receptacle. Filaments 1.5mm long, yellow, glabrous. Anthers yellow. Pistils many. Hypanthium broadly conic, 2mm tall(long). sericeous. Bracts 5, linear, to +/-5mm long, 1.2mm broad, sericeous, alternating with sepals. Sepals acuminate, +/-5mm long, 2.2mm broad at base, sericeous. Fruit red, accessory, with many small achenes on surface, to +/-1.5cm long, a strawberry for goodness sakes.
Flowering - April - May.
Habitat - Open slopes, prairies, rocky open ground, open woods, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - What else can I say? It's a strawberry plant, plain and simple. The strawberries you buy in the store, (F. x ananassa), are hybrids of this species and F. chiloensis (L.) Duchn. from Europe. The European strawberries have the size but no flavor and our plants have the taste but no size. The hybrid typically has both.
F. virginiana has smaller flowers than the hybrid plants, which occasionally escape cultivation in our area. The leaves of F. virginiana are typically trifoliolate but sometimes have a an extra pair of reduced leaflets also.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月15日
Family - Euphorbiaceae
Stems - To +1m tall, 5mm thick near base, 1mm thick near inflorescence, glabrous to somewhat pubescent, glaucous, erect, herbaceous, from a deep taproot and caudex, single or multiple from base, with milky sap.
Leaves - Alternate below, opposite in and near inflorescence, entire, oblong to oblong- linear, to 6.5cm long, 1.5cm broad, sessile or with very short petioles, rounded or blunt at apex, glabrous or with a few sparse strigose hairs near at apex.
Inflorescence - Terminal, flat-topped corymbs or paniculate (depending on variety, see below).
Flowers - Cyathia with 5 white appendages. Appendages to 4mm long, 3mm broad, glabrous, often notched at apex. Green glands at base of appendages 1.2mm broad. Staminate flower with white filaments. Filaments to .8mm long, glabrous. Anthers yellow, biglobose, .7mm broad. Pistillate flowers with 3 styles. Styles to .7mm long, glabrous, divided. Cyathia densely pubescent internally. Capsules to +4mm long, 3-locular, one seed per locule.
Fruit - Smooth, 3-parted capsule to 4mm long, white, ovoid.
Flowering - May - October.
Habitat - Prairies, pastures, open woods, glades, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - Steyermark divides this species into 3 varieties. Variety mollis Millsp. has the lower surface of the leaves and at least the upper portion of the stem pubescent. Variety corollata is mostly glabrous and the cyathia, including the white appendages, is 7-10mm broad. Variety paniculata Boiss. is mostly glabrous and the cyathia, including the appendages, are 5-7mm broad. This variety also has a more dense, panicle-like inflorescence and is fairly rare.
This species will secrete a white, latex substance when cut or bruised and is mildly toxic.
The plant is quite frequent in dry portions of the habitats listed above.
Stems - To +1m tall, 5mm thick near base, 1mm thick near inflorescence, glabrous to somewhat pubescent, glaucous, erect, herbaceous, from a deep taproot and caudex, single or multiple from base, with milky sap.
Leaves - Alternate below, opposite in and near inflorescence, entire, oblong to oblong- linear, to 6.5cm long, 1.5cm broad, sessile or with very short petioles, rounded or blunt at apex, glabrous or with a few sparse strigose hairs near at apex.
Inflorescence - Terminal, flat-topped corymbs or paniculate (depending on variety, see below).
Flowers - Cyathia with 5 white appendages. Appendages to 4mm long, 3mm broad, glabrous, often notched at apex. Green glands at base of appendages 1.2mm broad. Staminate flower with white filaments. Filaments to .8mm long, glabrous. Anthers yellow, biglobose, .7mm broad. Pistillate flowers with 3 styles. Styles to .7mm long, glabrous, divided. Cyathia densely pubescent internally. Capsules to +4mm long, 3-locular, one seed per locule.
Fruit - Smooth, 3-parted capsule to 4mm long, white, ovoid.
Flowering - May - October.
Habitat - Prairies, pastures, open woods, glades, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - Steyermark divides this species into 3 varieties. Variety mollis Millsp. has the lower surface of the leaves and at least the upper portion of the stem pubescent. Variety corollata is mostly glabrous and the cyathia, including the white appendages, is 7-10mm broad. Variety paniculata Boiss. is mostly glabrous and the cyathia, including the appendages, are 5-7mm broad. This variety also has a more dense, panicle-like inflorescence and is fairly rare.
This species will secrete a white, latex substance when cut or bruised and is mildly toxic.
The plant is quite frequent in dry portions of the habitats listed above.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月15日
Family - Liliaceae
Stems - Ariel stems to +15cm tall, glabrous, erect, herbaceous, simple, from bulblike corm.
Leaves - Two per flowering plant, one in non-flowering plants, linear-elliptic to oblanceolate, entire, acute, glabrous, green and glaucous below, mottled with purple above, to 4cm broad, +/-10cm long.
Inflorescence - Single nodding flower terminating aerial stem.
Flower - Petals and sepals white internally, typically with lilac tinge externally, reflexed when mature, linear-oblong, entire, 6mm broad, +3cm long, glabrous. Stamens 6, adnate to base of petals and sepals, erect, exserted. Filaments flattened, +1mm broad. Anthers yellow, 6mm long. Style white, to 1.5cm long, exserted. Stigmas 3, to 3mm long. Ovary superior, 3-locular, ovules many. Fruit to 2.5cm long, weekly 3-angled, glabrous.
Flowering - March - May.
Habitat - Low woods, wooded slopes, ravines.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - The leaves of this small lily can be variable. Some leaves have heavy dark mottling, others have faint to no mottling. The leaves, however, are usually always glaucous below.
This plant is quite common in most of the state but is more frequent below the Missouri river. It grows in shaded areas of the habitats mentioned above. The species is a good indicator that spring is arriving, being one of the first plants to bloom. Non-flowering plants can be found in large colonies and have a single leaf.
Stems - Ariel stems to +15cm tall, glabrous, erect, herbaceous, simple, from bulblike corm.
Leaves - Two per flowering plant, one in non-flowering plants, linear-elliptic to oblanceolate, entire, acute, glabrous, green and glaucous below, mottled with purple above, to 4cm broad, +/-10cm long.
Inflorescence - Single nodding flower terminating aerial stem.
Flower - Petals and sepals white internally, typically with lilac tinge externally, reflexed when mature, linear-oblong, entire, 6mm broad, +3cm long, glabrous. Stamens 6, adnate to base of petals and sepals, erect, exserted. Filaments flattened, +1mm broad. Anthers yellow, 6mm long. Style white, to 1.5cm long, exserted. Stigmas 3, to 3mm long. Ovary superior, 3-locular, ovules many. Fruit to 2.5cm long, weekly 3-angled, glabrous.
Flowering - March - May.
Habitat - Low woods, wooded slopes, ravines.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - The leaves of this small lily can be variable. Some leaves have heavy dark mottling, others have faint to no mottling. The leaves, however, are usually always glaucous below.
This plant is quite common in most of the state but is more frequent below the Missouri river. It grows in shaded areas of the habitats mentioned above. The species is a good indicator that spring is arriving, being one of the first plants to bloom. Non-flowering plants can be found in large colonies and have a single leaf.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月15日
Family - Apiaceae
Stems - Glabrous, few-leaved, glaucous, terete, to +/-1.5m tall, from a mass of tuberous roots.
Leaves - Mostly basal, with aristate serrations on margins, glabrous, glaucous, to 100cm long, +/-6cm broad, linear, with parallel venation.
Inflorescence - Terminal bracteate cymes. The bracts subtending each cyme division lanceolate and foliate, reduced upwards. Peduncles glabrous and glaucous. Flowers in capitate globose clusters terminating each peduncle. Clusters bracteate, to +/-2cm in diameter. Individual florets sessile, subtended by one chaffy bract. Chaff glabrous, acute, partially enclosing the floret, to 1cm long, glabrous. Receptacle subglobose.
Flowers - Florets to +/-6mm long. Petals 5, white, glabrous, irregular, to 3mm long. Styles 2, exserted, greenish-white, glabrous, to 5mm long, with a green nectariferous ring at base. Ovary inferior, covered with small scarious scales, 2-locular, 2-seeded(one seed per locule). Stamens 5, distinct, folded back on themselves at first and then erect and exserted. Filaments glabrous, greenish white, to 3-4mm long. Anthers greenish, to 1.3mm long. Sepals 5, erect, stiff, to +3mm long, +2mm broad, ovate, aristate, green with whitish margins, glabrous but minutely denticulate on midrib abaxially.
Flowering - June - September.
Habitat - Prairies, open woods, glades, also cultivated.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - The plant, at first glance, appears as an Agave or Yucca. The flowers really give away the fact that it belongs with the carrots. The stems of the plant also have a carrot fragrance when crushed.
This species is widely cultivated.
Stems - Glabrous, few-leaved, glaucous, terete, to +/-1.5m tall, from a mass of tuberous roots.
Leaves - Mostly basal, with aristate serrations on margins, glabrous, glaucous, to 100cm long, +/-6cm broad, linear, with parallel venation.
Inflorescence - Terminal bracteate cymes. The bracts subtending each cyme division lanceolate and foliate, reduced upwards. Peduncles glabrous and glaucous. Flowers in capitate globose clusters terminating each peduncle. Clusters bracteate, to +/-2cm in diameter. Individual florets sessile, subtended by one chaffy bract. Chaff glabrous, acute, partially enclosing the floret, to 1cm long, glabrous. Receptacle subglobose.
Flowers - Florets to +/-6mm long. Petals 5, white, glabrous, irregular, to 3mm long. Styles 2, exserted, greenish-white, glabrous, to 5mm long, with a green nectariferous ring at base. Ovary inferior, covered with small scarious scales, 2-locular, 2-seeded(one seed per locule). Stamens 5, distinct, folded back on themselves at first and then erect and exserted. Filaments glabrous, greenish white, to 3-4mm long. Anthers greenish, to 1.3mm long. Sepals 5, erect, stiff, to +3mm long, +2mm broad, ovate, aristate, green with whitish margins, glabrous but minutely denticulate on midrib abaxially.
Flowering - June - September.
Habitat - Prairies, open woods, glades, also cultivated.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - The plant, at first glance, appears as an Agave or Yucca. The flowers really give away the fact that it belongs with the carrots. The stems of the plant also have a carrot fragrance when crushed.
This species is widely cultivated.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月15日
Family - Asteraceae
Stems - To +/-1m tall, erect, herbaceous, from fibrous roots, branching above, single from base, antrorse strigose, with vertical striations or sometimes carinate.
Leaves - Alternate. Lowest leaves on petioles to +/-5cm long. Blades oblanceolate, to 2cm broad, mostly entire. Cauline leaves sessile, linear to linear-oblong, reduced upward, entire, scabrous, antrorse strigose.
Inflorescence - Loose cymose arrangement of single terminal flower heads. Flower heads to +/-1.5cm broad. Peduncles dense antrorse strigose.
Involucre - +/-7mm broad, 2-3mm tall. Phyllaries imbricate, antrorse strigose on midveins externally, 3mm long, .7mm broad, linear, often with reddish apices.
Ray flowers - White. Ligules 5-6mm long, 1mm broad, glabrous, obtuse at apex, 75-100 per flower head. Pappus of a few short capillary bristles.
Disk flowers - Disk to 7.5mm broad. Disk corollas 5-lobed, yellow. Corolla tube to 1.6mm long. Pappus of outer row of short scales, inner row of capillary bristles. Achenes 2-nerved.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - Prairies, open woods, waste ground, open fields, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This plant is frequent in dry, wild areas throughout the state. It is not as weedy as the more common E. annuus (L.) Pers. which is taller, has broader leaves, and has larger flower heads.
E. strigosus is popular with many flying insects and would make a decent garden subject.
Stems - To +/-1m tall, erect, herbaceous, from fibrous roots, branching above, single from base, antrorse strigose, with vertical striations or sometimes carinate.
Leaves - Alternate. Lowest leaves on petioles to +/-5cm long. Blades oblanceolate, to 2cm broad, mostly entire. Cauline leaves sessile, linear to linear-oblong, reduced upward, entire, scabrous, antrorse strigose.
Inflorescence - Loose cymose arrangement of single terminal flower heads. Flower heads to +/-1.5cm broad. Peduncles dense antrorse strigose.
Involucre - +/-7mm broad, 2-3mm tall. Phyllaries imbricate, antrorse strigose on midveins externally, 3mm long, .7mm broad, linear, often with reddish apices.
Ray flowers - White. Ligules 5-6mm long, 1mm broad, glabrous, obtuse at apex, 75-100 per flower head. Pappus of a few short capillary bristles.
Disk flowers - Disk to 7.5mm broad. Disk corollas 5-lobed, yellow. Corolla tube to 1.6mm long. Pappus of outer row of short scales, inner row of capillary bristles. Achenes 2-nerved.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - Prairies, open woods, waste ground, open fields, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This plant is frequent in dry, wild areas throughout the state. It is not as weedy as the more common E. annuus (L.) Pers. which is taller, has broader leaves, and has larger flower heads.
E. strigosus is popular with many flying insects and would make a decent garden subject.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月15日
Family - Asteraceae
Stems - To 1.5m tall, hirsute to sparse pubescent, simple or branching above, herbaceous, terete to ridged, from fibrous roots.
Leaves - Alternate. Lowest leaves petiolate, to +10cm long. Petioles winged, to +2cm long. Upper cauline leaves sessile, non-clasping, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, coarsely toothed to entire, with ciliate margins, pubescent above and below, to 9cm long, +2cm broad, reduced above.
Inflorescence - Single flower heads terminating axillary peduncles. Peduncles slightly expanded just below flower head, hollow, pubescent(appressed).
Involucre - In single subequal series or with outer series of tiny, scant bracts and single inner series. Phyllaries -1mm broad, 5-6mm long, entire, short pubescent to pilose, attenuate. Receptacle dome-shaped in cross section.
Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers.
Erigeron annuus plant
Family - Asteraceae
Stems - To 1.5m tall, hirsute to sparse pubescent, simple or branching above, herbaceous, terete to ridged, from fibrous roots.
Erigeron annuus stemLower portion of stem.
Leaves - Alternate. Lowest leaves petiolate, to +10cm long. Petioles winged, to +2cm long. Upper cauline leaves sessile, non-clasping, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, coarsely toothed to entire, with ciliate margins, pubescent above and below, to 9cm long, +2cm broad, reduced above.
Inflorescence - Single flower heads terminating axillary peduncles. Peduncles slightly expanded just below flower head, hollow, pubescent(appressed).
Involucre - In single subequal series or with outer series of tiny, scant bracts and single inner series. Phyllaries -1mm broad, 5-6mm long, entire, short pubescent to pilose, attenuate. Receptacle dome-shaped in cross section.
Erigeron annuus involucreInvolucre.
Ray flowers - Pistillate. Ligules white to pinkish, linear, threadlike, +/-100, to 1cm long, -1mm broad, glabrous.
Disk flowers - Disk to -1cm broad. Corollas yellow, 2-3mm long, 5-lobed. Achenes pubescent. Pappus of barbed capillary bristles to 2mm long and often with short outer row of scales.
Erigeron annuus flower
Flowering - April - November.
Habitat - Waste ground, pastures, prairies, disturbed sites, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is one of the most weedy flowers in Missouri. It can bloom at a height of 10cm if mowed over or cut. The leaves have quite a bit of variation in the amount of teeth on the margins and the overall shape.
Stems - To 1.5m tall, hirsute to sparse pubescent, simple or branching above, herbaceous, terete to ridged, from fibrous roots.
Leaves - Alternate. Lowest leaves petiolate, to +10cm long. Petioles winged, to +2cm long. Upper cauline leaves sessile, non-clasping, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, coarsely toothed to entire, with ciliate margins, pubescent above and below, to 9cm long, +2cm broad, reduced above.
Inflorescence - Single flower heads terminating axillary peduncles. Peduncles slightly expanded just below flower head, hollow, pubescent(appressed).
Involucre - In single subequal series or with outer series of tiny, scant bracts and single inner series. Phyllaries -1mm broad, 5-6mm long, entire, short pubescent to pilose, attenuate. Receptacle dome-shaped in cross section.
Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers.
Erigeron annuus plant
Family - Asteraceae
Stems - To 1.5m tall, hirsute to sparse pubescent, simple or branching above, herbaceous, terete to ridged, from fibrous roots.
Erigeron annuus stemLower portion of stem.
Leaves - Alternate. Lowest leaves petiolate, to +10cm long. Petioles winged, to +2cm long. Upper cauline leaves sessile, non-clasping, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, coarsely toothed to entire, with ciliate margins, pubescent above and below, to 9cm long, +2cm broad, reduced above.
Inflorescence - Single flower heads terminating axillary peduncles. Peduncles slightly expanded just below flower head, hollow, pubescent(appressed).
Involucre - In single subequal series or with outer series of tiny, scant bracts and single inner series. Phyllaries -1mm broad, 5-6mm long, entire, short pubescent to pilose, attenuate. Receptacle dome-shaped in cross section.
Erigeron annuus involucreInvolucre.
Ray flowers - Pistillate. Ligules white to pinkish, linear, threadlike, +/-100, to 1cm long, -1mm broad, glabrous.
Disk flowers - Disk to -1cm broad. Corollas yellow, 2-3mm long, 5-lobed. Achenes pubescent. Pappus of barbed capillary bristles to 2mm long and often with short outer row of scales.
Erigeron annuus flower
Flowering - April - November.
Habitat - Waste ground, pastures, prairies, disturbed sites, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is one of the most weedy flowers in Missouri. It can bloom at a height of 10cm if mowed over or cut. The leaves have quite a bit of variation in the amount of teeth on the margins and the overall shape.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月15日
Family - Apiaceae
Stems - To +/-15cm tall, erect, single or multiple from the base, from a globose tuber (the tuber to +/-1.5cm in diameter), herbaceous, fleshy, purplish (green at the base), glabrous, angled to ribbed.
Leaves - One to many per plant, petiolate, ternately decompound, glabrous. Petioles sheathing at the base, grooved adaxially, purple, to 2cm long. Petiolules grooved adaxially. Leaves to +5cm broad and long. Ultimate divisions of the leaves acute, entire, shiny below, dull green above, the tips with a small translucent spot (use a lens to see), with a single midrib. Upper most leaf of the stem reduced and bract-like.
Inflorescence - Terminal compound umbels. Primary rays 3-4, to +2cm long, glabrous, purplish. Bracts subtending the umbellets 5, +/-5mm long, -1mm broad, subacute at the apex, with a minute thickened tip (the tip slightly orange). Umbellets with +/-6 flowers. Pedicels purple, glabrous, to 1.5mm long.
Flowers - Petals 5, white, glabrous, oblanceolate to spatulate, to 4mm long, +1mm broad, spreading. Stamens 5, erect. Filaments white, glabrous, 2-2.2mm long, thicker at the base. Anthers pink to wine-colored when fresh, becoming black when dry. Pollen white. Styles 2, glabrous, pinkish (pale), expanded and deep purple at the base. Ovary inferior, 2-locular, one ovule per locule. Calyx purple, glabrous, 1-1.1mm tall, 1.4mm broad, ribbed (12), slightly thickened at the apex. Sepals absent. Fruits 2-3mm long, 3-5mm broad, glabrous.
Flowering - January - April.
Habitat - Rich shaded woods, at or near the base of slopes, alluvial soils along streams and in valleys, alluvial thickets, at the base of rocky bluffs.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This minute species is the first native wildflower to bloom in Missouri. Becasue of its small size and habitat, it is often overlooked. The flowers rarely protrude more than one or two centimeters above the forest leaf litter. The pinkish anthers quickly dry and turn black. The black of the anthers and the white of the petals give the plant a "pepper and salt" appearance. The leaves of the plant unfold completely just at the end of the plants growing season. By the warm months of late spring, the plant is dried and gone. The species is found in much of Missouri except in the bootheel and in the northern 1/3 of the state.
Stems - To +/-15cm tall, erect, single or multiple from the base, from a globose tuber (the tuber to +/-1.5cm in diameter), herbaceous, fleshy, purplish (green at the base), glabrous, angled to ribbed.
Leaves - One to many per plant, petiolate, ternately decompound, glabrous. Petioles sheathing at the base, grooved adaxially, purple, to 2cm long. Petiolules grooved adaxially. Leaves to +5cm broad and long. Ultimate divisions of the leaves acute, entire, shiny below, dull green above, the tips with a small translucent spot (use a lens to see), with a single midrib. Upper most leaf of the stem reduced and bract-like.
Inflorescence - Terminal compound umbels. Primary rays 3-4, to +2cm long, glabrous, purplish. Bracts subtending the umbellets 5, +/-5mm long, -1mm broad, subacute at the apex, with a minute thickened tip (the tip slightly orange). Umbellets with +/-6 flowers. Pedicels purple, glabrous, to 1.5mm long.
Flowers - Petals 5, white, glabrous, oblanceolate to spatulate, to 4mm long, +1mm broad, spreading. Stamens 5, erect. Filaments white, glabrous, 2-2.2mm long, thicker at the base. Anthers pink to wine-colored when fresh, becoming black when dry. Pollen white. Styles 2, glabrous, pinkish (pale), expanded and deep purple at the base. Ovary inferior, 2-locular, one ovule per locule. Calyx purple, glabrous, 1-1.1mm tall, 1.4mm broad, ribbed (12), slightly thickened at the apex. Sepals absent. Fruits 2-3mm long, 3-5mm broad, glabrous.
Flowering - January - April.
Habitat - Rich shaded woods, at or near the base of slopes, alluvial soils along streams and in valleys, alluvial thickets, at the base of rocky bluffs.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This minute species is the first native wildflower to bloom in Missouri. Becasue of its small size and habitat, it is often overlooked. The flowers rarely protrude more than one or two centimeters above the forest leaf litter. The pinkish anthers quickly dry and turn black. The black of the anthers and the white of the petals give the plant a "pepper and salt" appearance. The leaves of the plant unfold completely just at the end of the plants growing season. By the warm months of late spring, the plant is dried and gone. The species is found in much of Missouri except in the bootheel and in the northern 1/3 of the state.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月15日
Family - Elaeagnaceae
Stems - Commonly multiple from the base but sometimes with a single trunk, to +5m tall, erect, woody. Twigs densely lepidote, silvery. New seasons growth shiny silver because of dense scales.
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate. Petioles to -1cm long, densely lepidote, with a shallow adaxial groove. Blades elliptic to lanceolate, to 8cm long, -2.5cm broad, deep green adaxially and sparsely lepidote, slivery green and densely lepidote abaxially, rounded to acute at the apex.
Inflorescence - Axillary umbels of 2-7 flowers. Pedicels to 5mm long in flower (to 12mm in fruit), densely lepidote.
Flowers - Petals absent. Sepals 4, united into a 4-lobed tube. Tube to +1cm long, whitish to pale yellow, drying yellow, 4-angled in cross section, densely lepidote. Lobes ovate, acute, 4-5mm long and broad, pubescent and white internally, lepidote externally. Stamens 4, adnate at the apex of the corolla tube. Filaments wanting. Anthers yellow, drying brown, to 2mm long. Style 1, pale green, stellate pubescent, exserted from the perianth, uncinate at the apex. Calyx tube with nectaries at the base internally. Ovary inferior, with 1 ovule, unilocular. Flowers very fragrant. Fruits globose to ovoid, 3-9mm in diameter, red.
Flowering - April - May.
Habitat - Cultivated and escaped to waste ground, roadsides, fencerows, thickets.
Origin - Native to Asia.
Other info. - This weedy species can be found escaped in a handful of Missouri counties but it will almost certainly expand its range with time. The plant is listed as a noxious weeds in many parts of North America. The fruits of this shrubby tree are quite edible and many animals help spread the seeds into the wild. The roots have nitrogen fixing nodules that enable the plant to survive in weak soils.
There are a few different species of Elaeagnus in Missouri. All are introduced and invasive.
Stems - Commonly multiple from the base but sometimes with a single trunk, to +5m tall, erect, woody. Twigs densely lepidote, silvery. New seasons growth shiny silver because of dense scales.
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate. Petioles to -1cm long, densely lepidote, with a shallow adaxial groove. Blades elliptic to lanceolate, to 8cm long, -2.5cm broad, deep green adaxially and sparsely lepidote, slivery green and densely lepidote abaxially, rounded to acute at the apex.
Inflorescence - Axillary umbels of 2-7 flowers. Pedicels to 5mm long in flower (to 12mm in fruit), densely lepidote.
Flowers - Petals absent. Sepals 4, united into a 4-lobed tube. Tube to +1cm long, whitish to pale yellow, drying yellow, 4-angled in cross section, densely lepidote. Lobes ovate, acute, 4-5mm long and broad, pubescent and white internally, lepidote externally. Stamens 4, adnate at the apex of the corolla tube. Filaments wanting. Anthers yellow, drying brown, to 2mm long. Style 1, pale green, stellate pubescent, exserted from the perianth, uncinate at the apex. Calyx tube with nectaries at the base internally. Ovary inferior, with 1 ovule, unilocular. Flowers very fragrant. Fruits globose to ovoid, 3-9mm in diameter, red.
Flowering - April - May.
Habitat - Cultivated and escaped to waste ground, roadsides, fencerows, thickets.
Origin - Native to Asia.
Other info. - This weedy species can be found escaped in a handful of Missouri counties but it will almost certainly expand its range with time. The plant is listed as a noxious weeds in many parts of North America. The fruits of this shrubby tree are quite edible and many animals help spread the seeds into the wild. The roots have nitrogen fixing nodules that enable the plant to survive in weak soils.
There are a few different species of Elaeagnus in Missouri. All are introduced and invasive.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月15日
Family - Asteraceae
Stems - To +60cm tall, erect, herbaceous, from thickened roots or short caudex, branching above, with a dense covering of whitish vertically oriented arachnoid pubescence and also glandular pilose. Glandular pubescence often purplish to ferruginous.
Leaves - Alternate, sessile, clasping, pinnately lobed, reduced above, to 20cm long, +/-8cm broad, dense arachnoid pubescent below, pubescent (some glandular) above. Margins with spines, often revolute.
Inflorescence - Terminal globose determinate cluster of flower heads terminating stems. Cluster to +/-4cm in diameter, enlarging in fruit. Flowers single per flower head. Inflorescence of +/-100 flower heads.
Involucre - Phyllaries loose, stiff, lance-attenuate, greenish to bluish in apical half, scarious and fimbriate basally, to +/-6mm long, often glandular, +/-15 per flower head.
Ray flowers - Absent.
Disk flowers - Corolla tube 4mm long, lilac-whitish, glabrous, 5-lobed. Lobes spreading to slightly recurved, linear, 6-7mm long, glabrous. Stamens 5, adnate to base of corolla lobes, exserted. Filaments purplish, 1mm long. Anthers connate around style, 4-5mm long, deep blue-purple. Style white, glabrous. Stigmas pubescent at base, 2.1mm long. Achenes (in flower), pubescent, 3.2mm long, enlarging in fruit to 1cm long, weakly 4-5angled or terete. Pappus a small crown of minute bristlelike scales to -1mm long.
Flowering - June - September.
Habitat - Cultivated.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This plant won't be found in the wilds of Missouri yet but it is commonly cultivated and quite striking. The large globular flower clusters are hard to miss in the garden landscape. The plant prefers dry hard ground in a sunny location.
There are other similar species of Echinops in cultivation also.
Stems - To +60cm tall, erect, herbaceous, from thickened roots or short caudex, branching above, with a dense covering of whitish vertically oriented arachnoid pubescence and also glandular pilose. Glandular pubescence often purplish to ferruginous.
Leaves - Alternate, sessile, clasping, pinnately lobed, reduced above, to 20cm long, +/-8cm broad, dense arachnoid pubescent below, pubescent (some glandular) above. Margins with spines, often revolute.
Inflorescence - Terminal globose determinate cluster of flower heads terminating stems. Cluster to +/-4cm in diameter, enlarging in fruit. Flowers single per flower head. Inflorescence of +/-100 flower heads.
Involucre - Phyllaries loose, stiff, lance-attenuate, greenish to bluish in apical half, scarious and fimbriate basally, to +/-6mm long, often glandular, +/-15 per flower head.
Ray flowers - Absent.
Disk flowers - Corolla tube 4mm long, lilac-whitish, glabrous, 5-lobed. Lobes spreading to slightly recurved, linear, 6-7mm long, glabrous. Stamens 5, adnate to base of corolla lobes, exserted. Filaments purplish, 1mm long. Anthers connate around style, 4-5mm long, deep blue-purple. Style white, glabrous. Stigmas pubescent at base, 2.1mm long. Achenes (in flower), pubescent, 3.2mm long, enlarging in fruit to 1cm long, weakly 4-5angled or terete. Pappus a small crown of minute bristlelike scales to -1mm long.
Flowering - June - September.
Habitat - Cultivated.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This plant won't be found in the wilds of Missouri yet but it is commonly cultivated and quite striking. The large globular flower clusters are hard to miss in the garden landscape. The plant prefers dry hard ground in a sunny location.
There are other similar species of Echinops in cultivation also.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月15日
Family - Brassicaceae
Stems - Single or multiple from the base, from a small taproot, erect, herbaceous, typically simple, thin, terete, to +/-8cm tall, with forked pubescence, naked.
Leaves - In a basal rosette. The lowest of the rosette petiolate and spatulate. Upper leaves in rosette sessile, spatulate, acute, entire or with one or two serrations per margin. Leaves to +/-1cm long, 3-4mm broad, green, pubescent. The trichomes forked and often with pustulate bases.
Inflorescence - Terminal raceme, compact in flower, quickly elongating in fruit. Pedicels 2-3mm long in flower, to +1cm in fruit, thin, mostly glabrous. Axis of inflorescence mostly glabrous.
Flowers - Petals 4, white, clawed, glabrous, deeply divided, to 3mm long, 2mm broad. Lobes of the petals rounded. Claw to .5mm long. Stamens 6, erect. Filaments greenish-white, to -2mm long, glabrous, somewhat succulent. Anthers yellow, .2mm broad and long. Ovary superior, green, glabrous, ovoid, 1.2mm long, 1mm in diameter (in flower). Stigma capitate. Style wanting. Sepals 4, green with whitish-scarious margins, strongly cupped, sparse forked pubescent externally, glabrous internally, to 2mm long, 1.5m broad. Fruit compressed, elliptoid to orbicular or ovoid, glabrous, to 5mm long, 2-4mm broad, many-seeded, 2-valved.
Flowering - February - April.
Habitat - Grassy and rocky open places, lawns, pastures, roadsides, cultivated fields, waste ground.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This tiny species is found scattered throughout much of Missouri. The plant is quite small and easily overlooked. It is easy to identify because of its basal rosette of leaves and divided petals.
Steyermark lists two varieties for the plant. Variety verna has fruits which are up to 4 times as long as broad. Variety boerhaavii Van Hall (pictures above) has fruits which are at most 2 times as long as broad.
Stems - Single or multiple from the base, from a small taproot, erect, herbaceous, typically simple, thin, terete, to +/-8cm tall, with forked pubescence, naked.
Leaves - In a basal rosette. The lowest of the rosette petiolate and spatulate. Upper leaves in rosette sessile, spatulate, acute, entire or with one or two serrations per margin. Leaves to +/-1cm long, 3-4mm broad, green, pubescent. The trichomes forked and often with pustulate bases.
Inflorescence - Terminal raceme, compact in flower, quickly elongating in fruit. Pedicels 2-3mm long in flower, to +1cm in fruit, thin, mostly glabrous. Axis of inflorescence mostly glabrous.
Flowers - Petals 4, white, clawed, glabrous, deeply divided, to 3mm long, 2mm broad. Lobes of the petals rounded. Claw to .5mm long. Stamens 6, erect. Filaments greenish-white, to -2mm long, glabrous, somewhat succulent. Anthers yellow, .2mm broad and long. Ovary superior, green, glabrous, ovoid, 1.2mm long, 1mm in diameter (in flower). Stigma capitate. Style wanting. Sepals 4, green with whitish-scarious margins, strongly cupped, sparse forked pubescent externally, glabrous internally, to 2mm long, 1.5m broad. Fruit compressed, elliptoid to orbicular or ovoid, glabrous, to 5mm long, 2-4mm broad, many-seeded, 2-valved.
Flowering - February - April.
Habitat - Grassy and rocky open places, lawns, pastures, roadsides, cultivated fields, waste ground.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This tiny species is found scattered throughout much of Missouri. The plant is quite small and easily overlooked. It is easy to identify because of its basal rosette of leaves and divided petals.
Steyermark lists two varieties for the plant. Variety verna has fruits which are up to 4 times as long as broad. Variety boerhaavii Van Hall (pictures above) has fruits which are at most 2 times as long as broad.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月15日
Family - Brassicaceae
Stems - To +10cm tall, erect, from a branched taproot, branching, purplish below, with stipitate stellate pubescence, becoming glabrous near apex of stems.
Leaves - Alternate, ovate, sessile to short-petiolate, entire, +2cm long, -1mm broad, with stipitate stellate pubescence, mostly basal but with some cauline.
Inflorescence - Terminal compact raceme. elongating in fruit. Pedicels to 5mm long in flower, longer in fruit.
Flowers - Petals 4, clawed, white, glabrous. Claw to .7mm long. Limb to 2.1mm long, 1.8mm broad, rounded at apex. Stamens 6, erect. Filaments to 1.4mm long, white, glabrous. Anthers yellow, .3mm long. Ovary terete, green, 2mm long, glabrous, .7mm in diameter. Style lacking. Stigma small. Sepals 4, erect, oblong-elliptic, 2.1mm long, 1.5mm broad, glabrous, green. Margins slightly scarious. Silicles compressed, to +1.5cm long, 2-3mm broad, linear, glabrous to minutely pubescent.
Flowering - February - May.
Habitat - Rocky open ground, glades, pastures, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This tiny species is found scattered throughout Missouri. It is easily overlooked as are many of the plants in this genus. Steyermark lists two varieties for the plant. Variety reptans has glabrous fruits.
Variety micrantha (Nutt.) Fern. has fruits which are minutely pubescent. The former variety is much more prevalent in Missouri.
Stems - To +10cm tall, erect, from a branched taproot, branching, purplish below, with stipitate stellate pubescence, becoming glabrous near apex of stems.
Leaves - Alternate, ovate, sessile to short-petiolate, entire, +2cm long, -1mm broad, with stipitate stellate pubescence, mostly basal but with some cauline.
Inflorescence - Terminal compact raceme. elongating in fruit. Pedicels to 5mm long in flower, longer in fruit.
Flowers - Petals 4, clawed, white, glabrous. Claw to .7mm long. Limb to 2.1mm long, 1.8mm broad, rounded at apex. Stamens 6, erect. Filaments to 1.4mm long, white, glabrous. Anthers yellow, .3mm long. Ovary terete, green, 2mm long, glabrous, .7mm in diameter. Style lacking. Stigma small. Sepals 4, erect, oblong-elliptic, 2.1mm long, 1.5mm broad, glabrous, green. Margins slightly scarious. Silicles compressed, to +1.5cm long, 2-3mm broad, linear, glabrous to minutely pubescent.
Flowering - February - May.
Habitat - Rocky open ground, glades, pastures, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This tiny species is found scattered throughout Missouri. It is easily overlooked as are many of the plants in this genus. Steyermark lists two varieties for the plant. Variety reptans has glabrous fruits.
Variety micrantha (Nutt.) Fern. has fruits which are minutely pubescent. The former variety is much more prevalent in Missouri.
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