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花园 (6)
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Lamiaceae Stems - To +50cm tall, herbaceous, branched, glabrous to sparsely pubescent, 4-angled.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate, linear-oblong, coarsely toothed, to +6cm long, -2cm wide, glabrous or sparsely pubescent below, fragrant. Inflorescence - Terminal spikes of whorled flowers (verticillasters). Flowers usually two at a node.
Flowers - Corolla light blue, less than 1cm long, tubular, bilabiate, pubescent externally. Lower lip larger than upper lip, to 4mm long. Upper lip galeate. Stamens 2, hidden by upper lip. Calyx bilabiate, with 12-13 ridges (nerves), to 6mm long.
Flowering - June - October. Habitat - Pastures, prairies, disturbed sites, waste ground, roadsides, railroads. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This small species can be found scattered throughout Missouri. The plant is easy to identify because of its small, pale blue flowers, and heavily ribbed calices. S. reflexa is frequently found in cow and horse pastures with dry, rocky, loamy soil.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Lamiaceae Stems - Simple or with few branching, herbaceous, pilose, 4-angled, scapose, to +50cm tall, from thickened roots. Leaves - Basal leaves in rosette, lyrate, petiolate, to +15cm long, +5cm broad, densely pilose. Petiole dense pilose. Cauline leaves lanceolate to elliptic, opposite, few or absent, sessile, toothed, pilose, to +/-2cm long, 1cm broad.
Inflorescence - Evenly spaced verticels terminating stem. Flowers typically in clusters of 4 equaling to +/-8 per verticel. Flowers on pedicel to 3mm long, densely pubescent.
Flowers - Corolla light blue, bilabiate, to +2.5cm long, pubescent. Upper lip smaller than lower lip. Lower lip to 8mm broad. Stamens 2, adnate near apex of throat, included. Filaments to 2mm long, glabrous. Anthers brownish-purple. Style to +3cm long, exserted. Stigma 2-lobed(unequally). Calyx to +/-1cm long, bilabiate, pilose. Upper lip green at base fading to purplish at apex, truncate at apex, with 3 bristles, to 5mm long. Lower lip 2-lobed. Lobes attenuate, longer than upper lip, ciliate margined. Nutlets 4.
Flowering - April - June. Habitat - Open woods, gravelly stream banks, pastures, railroads. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This plant is easily identified by its basal leaves, which are lyrate. The plant can bloom when quite small (-15cm), but can get to over 50cm. This species is in the mint family but is not fragrant. It is quite common in the southeast portion of Missouri.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Lamiaceae Stems - To -1m tall, multiple from base, erect, herbaceous, from woody caudex, 4-angled, branching, densely retrorse pubescent.
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, petiolate. Petioles to 1.5cm long. Blade coarsely serrate, acute, +6cm long, +2cm broad, lanceolate, appressed pubescent(mostly on veins below), punctate. Inflorescence - Terminal spikiform arrangement of verticillasters to +/-20cm long. +/-20 flowers per node. Axis of inflorescence striate, densely appressed pubescent.
Flowers - Corolla deep purple, bilabiate. Corolla tube to 6mm long, 2.5-3mm in diameter, contracted and white at base, purple above, densely pubescent near apex. Upper lip galeate, 5-6mm long, 3mm broad, densely pubescent externally. Lower lip 3-lobed. Lateral lobes to 5mm long, 2.4mm broad. Central lobe expanded, 1cm broad, notched at apex, whitish at base. Stamens 2, included under galea, with nectaries at base. Filaments white, 3mm long, glabrous. Anthers purplish, 1mm long nad broad. Style 1cm long, bearded(the hairs purple) at apex, 2-lobed at apex, inserted between stamens. Ovary 4-lobed, glabrous, green, with nectariferous ring at base. Calyx bilabiate, 6mm long, densely pubescent, purplish above, whitish below, +/-10-ribbed. Lips shallow and indistinct, glabrous and green internally.
Flowering - May - July. Habitat - Cultivated and sometimes persistent around old homesites. Origin - Native to Southwest U.S. Other info. - This species is frequently cultivated and can persist around homesites if abandoned. This species is able to handle very dry and arid conditions and makes a good low maintenance addition to a garden.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Lamiaceae Stems - To 1.5m tall, 4-angled (the angles rounded), carinate, herbaceous, typically short pubescent (at least in upper portions) with recurving hairs.
Leaves - Cauline leaves opposite, linear to lanceolate or oblong(or combinations of the three), sessile or short petiolate, to +8cm long, 2cm wide, variously pubescent, serrate to denticulate or entire, typically well over 20 in number on the stem. Inflorescence - Terminal spikes of whorled flowers (verticillasters). Typically 1-4 flowers per node. Flowers on pedicels to 6mm long, recurved pubescent. Each cluster typically subtended by a reduced foliaceous bract.
Flowers - Corolla blue, strongly bilabiate, to 2.5cm long, pubescent externally. Lower lip much larger than upper lip, to +1cm broad, 3-lobed. Central lobe notched at apex. Lateral lobes much smaller than central lobe. Upper lip galeate, entire, to 1cm long. Stamens 2, covered by upper lip. Calyx bilabiate, with 12-13 ridges(nerves), to 1cm long, pubescent. Upper lip to +2mm long, acute. Lower lip slightly smaller to equaling upper lip. Ovary of 4 nutlets. Nutlets to -3mm long, brown and glabrous when mature.
Flowering - July - September. Habitat - Prairies, glades, bluffs, disturbed sites, roadsides, railroads. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This striking species can be found growing wild mainly in the southwestern corner of Missouri. It is cultivated elsewhere. According to Steyermark, the typical variety found is var. grandiflora Benth. which has recurving pubescence on the stem. This plant is pictured above. Another variety, var. azurea has a pubescence which is more straight, spreading or ascending. This latter variety is less common. The seeds of this plant, like all the mints, are small nutlets which can be found inside and at the base of the calyx. I mention this because I have observed people digging the plant to take home and grow. If you want to grow the plant, COLLECT THE SEEDS!!
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Acanthaceae Stems - To 1m tall, erect, simple or branching, herbaceous, somewhat angled, glabrous or with pubescence in vertical rows.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate, ovate, ovate-lanceolate, to oblong, typically entire or merely crenulate, glabrous to sparsely hairy, to 15cm long, 6cm wide. Petiole typically winged. Inflorescence - One or two flowers, on peduncle, from leaf axils near middle of stem. Flowers subtended by a pair of foliaceous bracts.
Flowers - Corolla zygomorphic, to +5cm long, +/-4cm broad, 5-lobed, typically blue. Corolla tube with a constricted portion at base. Constriction white, to 2.5cm long, 3mm in diameter. Expanded portion of corolla tube to +1cm long, 1cm in diameter, pubescent. Corolla lobes +/-1.5cm long and broad, glabrous internally, pubescent externally with some glandular pubescence near the base. Stamens 4, didynamous, adnate at the apex of the constricted portion of the corolla tube. Filaments white, 1.3cm long, sparse pubescent at the base, glabrous above. Anthers yellow, 3mm long. Style -4cm long, sparse pubescent below, white. Stigma 2-lobed, curled. Ovary superior, with some glandular pubescence at apex near style, 4mm long, 1.3mm in diameter, conic, 2-locular. Calyx tube to 5mm long, 5-lobed. Lobes linear-lanceolate, 2-3cm long, 3mm broad, with long and short glandular pubescence, entire, erect. Capsules brown, glabrous, to 2cm long, explosively dehiscing.
Flowering - May - October. Habitat - Waste ground, disturbed sites, moist, open woods, streambanks. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - Although the corolla looks regular, it is typically zygomorphic, with one petal being slightly larger than the other four. The flowers of this species only last for one day but the plant produces many flowers while in bloom. This species is common and reminds many people of the non-related "Petunia" of cultivation. Steyermark lists three forms for the plant based on flower color and size. Form strepens is shown above. Form alba Steyermark has a white corolla. Form cleistantha (Gray) McCoy has cleistogamous flowers but may not be a distinct form, rather a phase of form strepens.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Acanthaceae Stems - To +/-50cm tall, erect, branching, somewhat angled or ribbed, with vertical striations, from a rhizome, retrorse pubescent with longer cilia at the nodes, often purplish, herbaceous.
Leaves - Opposite, short-petiolate (petioles to +/-10mm long), mostly decussate, ovate-lanceolate, acute, deep green above, light green below, pubescent above and below. Margins entire or slightly crisped, ciliate. Blades to +/-7cm long, +/-3.5cm broad.
Inflorescence - Single axillary flowers on bracteate peduncles. Peduncles to +/-3cm long, with a pair of foliaceous bracts subtending the calyx. Peduncles pubescent as the stem. Flowers - Corolla +/-4cm long, contracted portion to 2cm long, tan, pubescent externally, glabrous internally. Expanded portion of corolla tube +/-2cm long, purple to white, 5-lobed. Lobes rounded, to 1cm long. Stamens 4, didynamous, adnate near the apex of the expanded portion of the corolla tube. Filaments white, mostly glabrous but with a few sparse hairs near base, to 1cm long. Anthers lilac to purplish, to 4mm long. Ovary green, superior, cylindric, 4mm long, villosulous, 2-locular. Placentation axile. Style villosulous, white, +2.6cm long. Stigma flattened, to 2mm long. Fruits villosulous, few-seeded. Calyx accrescent. Tube to -2mm long, 5-lobed, puberulent. Lobes linear-attenuate, to 2cm long in flower.
Flowering - May - September. Habitat - Dry rocky woods, ravines, lowlands, glades, slopes. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This species can be found in the southeastern 1/3 of Missouri. This plant can be easily identified in the field by its long, thin calyx lobes and the fact that its flowers are on peduncles. It is a striking plant and would do well in cultivation with little care.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Acanthaceae Stems - Erect, herbaceous, often purplish in strong sun, single or multiple from the base, 4-angled, hirsute to hispid, from short rhizomes, to +/-40cm tall, branching.
Leaves - Opposite, sessile, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, densely long pubescent above and below, entire, subacute at apex, decussate, to +/-4cm long, +/-2.2cm broad. Margins often slightly wavy.
Inflorescence - Flowers sessile in upper leaf axils, subtended by 2 opposite foliaceous bracts. Bracts pubescent as the leaves. Flowers - Corolla tube to +5cm long. Contracted portion of tube -4cm long, tan, pubescent. Expanded portion of corolla typically lilac, -2cm long, 5-lobed. Lobes rounded, +1cm long, mostly glabrous. Central lower lobe with purple veins. Stamens 4, didynamous, adnate at apex of contracted portion of corolla tube. Filaments white, +/-1cm long, glabrous. Anthers lilac to tan, +3mm long. Style +/-5.5cm long, white to lilac, sparse pubescent (mostly at base). Stigma purple, flattened, 2-3mm long. Ovary green, glabrous, superior, cylindric, 2-locular. Placentation axile. Fruit glabrous. Calyx tube to 2mm long, 5-lobed, green, glabrous. Lobes to 2cm long, 1mm broad at base, linear-attenuate, ciliate-margined. The cilia to 2-3mm long, multicellular. Calyx accrescent.
Flowering - May - October. Habitat - Dry prairies, glades, open rocky woods, bluffs. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This species can be found throughout Missouri. The plant is incredibly variable in its pubescence and flower size and many varieties have been named. Much integration occurs between these varieties so I won't name them here. This species is actually edible and is enjoyed by grazing animals.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Lamiaceae Stems - To +40cm tall, erect (or rarely creeping), 4-angled (the angles minutely winged, the wing .3mm broad), glabrous to villous on angles or antrorse strigose, herbaceous, from fibrous roots, typically simple, single or multiple from base.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate. Petioles +3c, long at base of plant, reduced above, villous, winged on upper leaves. Blades lance-ovate below, lanceolate above, to +/-6cm long, =2cm broad, entire or with a few shallow teeth, somewhat undulate, strigose. Inflorescence - Terminal dense 4-angled spike of verticillasters to +/-7cm tall(long), 1.5-2cm thick. Verticillasters each with 6 flowers(3 flowers per cymule). Cymules subtended by broad ciliate-margined bracts. Bracts decussate, abruptly acuminate, 1.6cm broad. Flowers sessile.
Flowers - Corolla bilabiate whitish-purple. Corolla tube to 8mm long, glabrous. Upper lip galeate, purple, 6-7mm long, 5mm broad, with a few villous hairs externally on midvein. Lower lip 3-lobed. Lateral lobes 2-3mm long, 1.5mm broad. Central lobe 4mm long, deflexed, fimbriate-erose at apex, light purple. Stamens 4, didynamous, included under the galea, upper pair adnate near base of galea, lower pair adnate near base of corolla tube. Filaments purple, glabrous, the longest to 1.2cm. Anthers purplish-brown. Style inserted between upper pair of stamens, glabrous, lilac, 1.6cm long. Stigma 2-lobed. Ovary 4-parted. Calyx bilabiate, accrescent, 10-nerved. Tube to 5mm long in flower. Upper lip with three mucronate lobes, reddish-purple at apex. Lower lip 2-lobed. Lobes acuminate, 3mm long in flower, reddish-purple. Calyx villous on margins and on nerves. Nutlets to 2mm long, brownish-yellow, glabrous.
Flowering - May - September. Habitat - Waste ground, disturbed sites, open woods, pastures, roadsides, railroads. Origin - Native to Europe, Asia, and North America. Other info. - This is a very common species in this state. The plant is generally quite small and can bloom at just a few cm in height if it is growing in an area where it gets frequently cut or mowed. The species designation means "common" and is frequently used in botanical nomenclature to describe plants that are indeed common. Steyermark busts the species apart into different varieties and forms. I won't go into those here but it is worth noting that our plants belong to variety lanceolata (Bart.) Fern. and the European plants belong to variety vulgaris. Both varieties can be found in Missouri but var. lanceolata is much more common.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Polemoniaceae Stems - To +40cm tall, herbaceous, erect, typically simple below but branching at inflorescence, single or multiple from base, from taproot, simple to glandular pubescent. Leaves - Opposite(maybe a few alternate bracts in inflorescence), sessile, linear to linear-lanceolate or ovate, entire, acute to attenuate, rounded at base, to +/-5cm long, +/-1cm broad, pilose to glandular pubescent, with single prominent midrib.
Inflorescence - Terminal and axillary cymes, many flowered (+/-50). Peduncles and pedicels densely glandular pubescent. Pedicels to +/-9mm long. Flowers often subtended by linear-lanceolate bracts.
Flowers - Corolla various shades of purple or rarely white, 5-lobed. Corolla tube to 1.5cm long, 2mm in diameter, with multicellular hairs externally. Corolla lobes spreading, to 1.5cm long, 5-8mm broad obovate, glabrous. Stamens 5, adnate at different levels in corolla tube, mostly included. Anthers yellow, 1.5mm long. Style 1-3mm long. Stigma 3-lobed. Lobes -1mm long. Ovary glabrous, green, 1.1mm long, superior, 2-3-locular. Calyx densely glandular pubescent, accrescent. Calyx tube to 2mm long, 5-lobed. Lobes linear-attenuate, 8mm long, 1mm broad, connected by scarious tissue for 2-3mm above calyx tube, often with some purplish coloring.
Flowering - April - July, sometimes again in the late fall. Habitat - Rocky or dry open woods, valleys, thickets, meadows, prairies, glades. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This is a popular little plant because of its striking floral displays and the easy manner in which it can be grown. The plant takes readily from seed and produces much seed every year. The plant itself is perennial. This is an extremely variable plant in nature with no fewer than 6 varieties and forms in Missouri alone and more elsewhere. The varieties are based on the type and amount of pubescence on the calyx and subtending bracts, the shape and size of the leaves, and of course the flower color. I am not going to go into all the varieties and forms here because many of them integrate, further complicating the issue. This plant is sometimes mistaken for Phlox divaricata L. but this latter species blooms slightly earlier in the year, grows in moist places, spreads by horizontal runners, and has more bluish flowers.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月27日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Polemoniaceae Stems - Vegetative stems decumbent. Flowering stems erect to ascending, to 40cm tall. Both types typically densely pubescent to glabrous. Plants rhizomatous.
Leaves - Of fertile shoots - opposite, sessile, lanceolate, decussate, spaced +/-5cm apart, to 5cm long, 2cm wide, variously pubescent, entire. Of sterile shoots - elliptic to narrowly oblong.
Inflorescence - A fairly compact cyme, sometimes paniculate. Flowers - Corolla lavender to purple, with tube to 2cm long, glabrous. Corolla lobes 5, spreading, spatulate to obovate, to 2cm long, 1cm wide. Stamens 5, unequal in corolla tube. Calyx tube to 3mm long, densely pubescent to glabrous. Calyx lobes 5, to +3mm long.
Flowering - April - June. Habitat - Open woods, slopes, moist ground. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This is the most common species of Phlox found in the state. It is one of the earliest blooming plants in spring also. The corolla is typically light blue-purple but can vary in color from rose to white. A white flowered form can be seen in the "White Flowers Opposite Page" of this website. In the glossary you will find the word "divaricate" which means "widely spreading", thus the species name of this plant because of its spreading nature. Most descriptions of the plant give the stems as glabrous but every plant I have found has been from sparsely pubescent to hirsute.
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