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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月15日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Asteraceae Stems - To +60cm tall, erect, herbaceous, from thickened roots or short caudex, branching above, with a dense covering of whitish vertically oriented arachnoid pubescence and also glandular pilose. Glandular pubescence often purplish to ferruginous.
Leaves - Alternate, sessile, clasping, pinnately lobed, reduced above, to 20cm long, +/-8cm broad, dense arachnoid pubescent below, pubescent (some glandular) above. Margins with spines, often revolute. Inflorescence - Terminal globose determinate cluster of flower heads terminating stems. Cluster to +/-4cm in diameter, enlarging in fruit. Flowers single per flower head. Inflorescence of +/-100 flower heads.
Involucre - Phyllaries loose, stiff, lance-attenuate, greenish to bluish in apical half, scarious and fimbriate basally, to +/-6mm long, often glandular, +/-15 per flower head. Ray flowers - Absent. Disk flowers - Corolla tube 4mm long, lilac-whitish, glabrous, 5-lobed. Lobes spreading to slightly recurved, linear, 6-7mm long, glabrous. Stamens 5, adnate to base of corolla lobes, exserted. Filaments purplish, 1mm long. Anthers connate around style, 4-5mm long, deep blue-purple. Style white, glabrous. Stigmas pubescent at base, 2.1mm long. Achenes (in flower), pubescent, 3.2mm long, enlarging in fruit to 1cm long, weakly 4-5angled or terete. Pappus a small crown of minute bristlelike scales to -1mm long. Flowering - June - September.
Habitat - Cultivated. Origin - Native to Europe. Other info. - This plant won't be found in the wilds of Missouri yet but it is commonly cultivated and quite striking. The large globular flower clusters are hard to miss in the garden landscape. The plant prefers dry hard ground in a sunny location. There are other similar species of Echinops in cultivation also.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月15日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Brassicaceae Stems - Single or multiple from the base, from a small taproot, erect, herbaceous, typically simple, thin, terete, to +/-8cm tall, with forked pubescence, naked.
Leaves - In a basal rosette. The lowest of the rosette petiolate and spatulate. Upper leaves in rosette sessile, spatulate, acute, entire or with one or two serrations per margin. Leaves to +/-1cm long, 3-4mm broad, green, pubescent. The trichomes forked and often with pustulate bases. Inflorescence - Terminal raceme, compact in flower, quickly elongating in fruit. Pedicels 2-3mm long in flower, to +1cm in fruit, thin, mostly glabrous. Axis of inflorescence mostly glabrous.
Flowers - Petals 4, white, clawed, glabrous, deeply divided, to 3mm long, 2mm broad. Lobes of the petals rounded. Claw to .5mm long. Stamens 6, erect. Filaments greenish-white, to -2mm long, glabrous, somewhat succulent. Anthers yellow, .2mm broad and long. Ovary superior, green, glabrous, ovoid, 1.2mm long, 1mm in diameter (in flower). Stigma capitate. Style wanting. Sepals 4, green with whitish-scarious margins, strongly cupped, sparse forked pubescent externally, glabrous internally, to 2mm long, 1.5m broad. Fruit compressed, elliptoid to orbicular or ovoid, glabrous, to 5mm long, 2-4mm broad, many-seeded, 2-valved. Flowering - February - April.
Habitat - Grassy and rocky open places, lawns, pastures, roadsides, cultivated fields, waste ground. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This tiny species is found scattered throughout much of Missouri. The plant is quite small and easily overlooked. It is easy to identify because of its basal rosette of leaves and divided petals. Steyermark lists two varieties for the plant. Variety verna has fruits which are up to 4 times as long as broad. Variety boerhaavii Van Hall (pictures above) has fruits which are at most 2 times as long as broad.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月15日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Brassicaceae Stems - To +10cm tall, erect, from a branched taproot, branching, purplish below, with stipitate stellate pubescence, becoming glabrous near apex of stems.
Leaves - Alternate, ovate, sessile to short-petiolate, entire, +2cm long, -1mm broad, with stipitate stellate pubescence, mostly basal but with some cauline. Inflorescence - Terminal compact raceme. elongating in fruit. Pedicels to 5mm long in flower, longer in fruit. Flowers - Petals 4, clawed, white, glabrous. Claw to .7mm long. Limb to 2.1mm long, 1.8mm broad, rounded at apex. Stamens 6, erect. Filaments to 1.4mm long, white, glabrous. Anthers yellow, .3mm long. Ovary terete, green, 2mm long, glabrous, .7mm in diameter. Style lacking. Stigma small. Sepals 4, erect, oblong-elliptic, 2.1mm long, 1.5mm broad, glabrous, green. Margins slightly scarious. Silicles compressed, to +1.5cm long, 2-3mm broad, linear, glabrous to minutely pubescent.
Flowering - February - May. Habitat - Rocky open ground, glades, pastures, roadsides, railroads. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This tiny species is found scattered throughout Missouri. It is easily overlooked as are many of the plants in this genus. Steyermark lists two varieties for the plant. Variety reptans has glabrous fruits.
Variety micrantha (Nutt.) Fern. has fruits which are minutely pubescent. The former variety is much more prevalent in Missouri.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月15日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Brassicaceae Stems - From a big taproot, multiple (typically) to single from the base, branching, to +/-10cm tall, herbaceous, erect, densely stellate pubescent (the hairs stipitate), purplish, terete. Lateral stems and branches ascending.
Leaves - Alternate, sessile, coarsely toothed, forked and stellate pubescent on both surfaces (the hairs with swollen bases), deep shiny green above, silvery green below, to -2cm long, 1cm broad, tapering to the base, oblanceolate, acute to slightly rounded at the apex, in a basal rosette and also in the lower 1/2 of the stems.
Inflorescence - Compact terminal racemes, quickly elongating in fruit. Pedicels to 4mm long in flower, slightly longer in fruit, densely forked and stellate pubescent, green. Flowers - Petals 4, white, spreading, glabrous, distinct, clawed. Claw to 1mm long, slightly greenish. Limb to 4mm long, 3mm broad, emarginate at the apex, entire. Stamens 6, 4 larger and 2 smaller, distinct, erect. Filaments green, glabrous, to 2mm long. Anthers yellow, bilobed, .6-.8mm long, .5mm broad. Pollen white. Ovary green, glabrous, 1.3mm long in flower, .9mm broad. Style absent. Stigma small. Ovary 2-locular, many seeded, sessile. Sepals 4, erect to slightly spreading, distinct, green, 2-2.2mm long, 1.3mm broad, acute, entire, slightly cupped, pubescent externally with forked and stellate hairs, glabrous internally, margins slightly scarious.
Flowering - February - May. Habitat - Edges and tops of bluffs, rocky open glades and ledges, rocky open woods. Typically on limestone. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This tiny species can be found mainly in the southern half of Missouri. Like others in the genus, this species is one of the first native plants to bloom in the spring. D. cuneifolia can be easily identified in the field because of its habitat, small size, cuneate leaves, and stellate pubescence, which is found on the leaves, stems, pedicels, and calices.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月15日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Brassicaceae Stems - To +/-10cm tall, multiple or single from the base, branching, erect, herbaceous, purplish in strong sun, densely appressed pubescent with forked hairs, from a small taproot.
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate below, sessile above. Petioles of lower leaves to +/-5mm long, flattened, with same pubescence as the stem. Blades ovate, typically with 2 small teeth or entire, with same pubescence as the stem, rounded to subacute at apex. Cauline leaves sessile, becoming lanceolate, densely pubescent, entire.
Inflorescence - Terminal and lateral compact racemes, elongating in fruit. Pedicels to -5mm long in flower. Pedicels and axis densely pubescent. Flowers - Petals 4, erect to spreading, distinct, white, short-clawed, glabrous, to 3mm long, 2mm broad. Limb obovate, entire, rounded at apex. Stamens 6, erect. Filaments greenish, glabrous, 1mm long. Anthers yellow, .4mm long. Ovary glabrous, green with a purple tinge, 1mm long, slightly compressed, ovoid. Sepals 4, distinct, purplish with scarious margins, +1mm long, .7mm broad, oblong-ovate, round at the apex, pubescent as the stem but not as densely. Silicles glabrous, elliptic, tapering at both ends, to 6mm long Flowering - March - April.
Habitat - Fields, glades, pastures, prairies, roadsides, railroads. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This tiny species is one of the first plants to bloom in the spring but is often overlooked because of its small size. The plant has a very short flowering period and is usually found in fruit. D. brachycarpa is very common in the lower half of Missouri and can be found in the northern half also. This is probably the most common species of Draba found in the state.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月15日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Ebenaceae Stems - Twigs pubescent, with reddish-brown solid pith. New season's growth densely pubescent, green, terete, with short and long hairs. Mature bark blocky with square blocks. Tree to 20m tall but typically seen smaller and more shrubby.
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate. Petioles to +2cm long, densely pubescent with short and long hairs, light green. Blades to +/-15cm long, +/-8cm broad, ovate, acute, deep shiny green and glabrous above, dull-light green and pubescent below, entire. Main lateral veins expressed below. Leaves of the inflorescence reduced. Inflorescence - Paired or triple axillary flowers on the new season's growth. Peduncle to +3cm long, densely pubescent. Pedicels to +3cm long, densely pubescent with short and long hairs. Central flower of the inflorescence flowering first.
Flowers - Staminate - Corolla tube white, glabrous internally, mostly glabrous externally but pubescent on the lobes, 1cm long, 7-8mm broad. Lobes recurved, yellowish, 3mm long, 4-5mm broad, rounded. Stamens many (+/-16) adnate at the base of the corolla tube, erect, included. Filaments white, short, to 1mm long, antrorse pubescent at the apex. Anthers 4-5mm long, +1mm broad, brown. A vestigal pistil is surrounded by the stamens in the staminate flowers. Calyx 4-lobed, green, appressed to the corolla tube. Lobes 3mm long, +2mm broad at the base, acute, pubescent externally, mostly glabrous internally except near the apex. Pistillate flowers not seen but larger than the staminate. Fruits globose, 2-6cm in diameter, orange, frequently glaucous, with the persistent calyx. Seeds few to many, strongly compressed, brown.
Flowering - May - June. Habitat - Dry open and rocky woods, glade edges, prairies, thickets, valleys along streams, old fields, clearings. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This species can be found throughout much of Missouri but is mostly absent from the northern portion of the state. The tree is easy to identify becasue of its blocky bark which occurs very early in the plants growth. The sweet, edible fruits are reputed to be best only after they have been through a freezing period. The fruits don't keep long after being picked but can remain on the trees a long time and through much of the winter. The wood of Persimmon is very hard and was traditionally used to make golf-club heads. It can also be turned into tool handles and other small objects. Pool cues are also frequently made from this wood.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月15日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Fumariaceae Stems - Plant acaulescent, from a scaly pinkish bulb and many smaller bulblets with fleshy roots.
Leaves - Basal, long-petiolate, trifoliolate. Petioles to -15cm long, glabrous. Leaflets petiolulate, pinnately divided again. Ultimate divisions glabrous, oblong to elliptic-oblong, with a minute mucronate tip, entire, green above, silvery-green below. Inflorescence - Long pedunculate raceme arising from the bulb, arching at apex, glabrous. Pedicels to 6-7mm long, glabrous, each subtended by a small scalelike bract. Bract cupulate around base of pedicel, to 1.5mm long.
Flowers - Flowers glabrous. Outer 2 petals with extended saccate bases, to 1.5cm long, white, connate, with cupulate and reflexed apical lobes. The apical lobes with yellow at the base(the throat of the corolla). Inner 2 petals to 1cm long, connate around other floral organs, winged at apex. Stamens 6, erect. Filaments compressed and folded around the pistil, to 8mm long, 1mm broad at base, white with purple at apex, glabrous. Ovary superior, green, glabrous, 2-valved, unilocular, 7mm long, lance-ovoid, tapering to a short style. Stigma compressed, capitate. Sepals 4, in two pairs, decussate. First pair of sepals minute, whitish, acute, to 2mm long. Second pair ovate, to 4mm long, with pinkish midvein, rounded at apex. Flowering - April - May.
Habitat - Rich north facing slopes, ravines, rich slopes along streams. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This small plant is one of the most popular of the spring species. The plant is striking with or without flowers but has a short growing season. This species would be good in cultivation but another species, D. spectabilis (L.) DC. is much more popular. D. spectabilis is a more robust plant with pinkish-red flowers and is commonly known as "Bleeding Heart": D. spectabilis is native to Asia.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月15日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Fabaceae Stems - Herbaceous, erect, from a woody caudex, to 45cm tall, retrorse pubescent, sparse glandular pubescent also, typically unbranched.
Leaves - Alternate, stipulate, trifoliolate, petiolate. Stipules fugacious, to 5-6mm long, 1mm broad, antrorse pubescent. Petioles to 7cm long, with an adaxial groove, 4-angled, sparse antrorse pubescent and puberulent. Swollen portion at base of petiole to 4mm long. Lateral leaflets entire, ovate, acute, oblique, green above, silvery green below, pubescent. Petiolules to 3mm long, pubescent. Terminal leaflet rhombic to broadly ovate, with a petiolule to 1.5cm long, colored and pubescent as lateral leaflets, entire, acute.
Inflorescence - Loose axillary racemes and panicles, compact in flower, elongated in fruit. Axis of inflorescence glandular pubescent. Pedicels to -5mm long in flower, longer in fruit, subtended by a small subulate bract. Bract to 3mm long, -1mm broad. Flowers - Corolla papilionaceous, to 9mm broad, 4-5mm long, white. Standard -5mm long, glabrous. Wing petals spreading, 4mm long, to 2mm broad. Keels deflexed, same size as wing petals. Stamens diadelphous, the free apices curled. Tube white and glabrous. Anthers pale yellow, .2mm long. Ovary green, pubescent, 3-4mm long, compressed. Style glabrous and curved, -1.4mm long. Calyx bilabiate, glandular and antrorse pubescent. Upper lip shallowly lobed, with a notch at apex. Lower lip 3-lobed. Center lobe short-acuminate, -1mm long. Loments typically 2. Flowering - June - September.
Habitat - Rich, moist woods, ravines, bases of bluffs. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This small species is found in the southern 1/2 of Missouri. The plant is rarely seen by common folk because of the habitat in which it lives and its indistinct appearance. This species resembles other species in the genus but is distinguished by its pure white flowers and short stature. It can form colonies when growing in favorable conditions.
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