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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月11日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Onagraceae Stems - To +/-30cm tall, erect, herbaceous, simple or branching near the apex, single from a short taproot and fibrous roots, sparse retrorse pubescent, terete. Leaves - Opposite, petiolate. Petioles to +3cm long, mostly glabrous or with a few antrorse hairs, with a thin shallow adaxial groove. Blades ovate, shallow-serrate, truncate to cordate or rounded at the base, acute to short acuminate. Teeth of blade with a minute whitish apex. Blades very sparse pubescent above and below, to +7cm long, 4cm broad.
Inflorescence - Terminal and axillary racemes to +15cm tall (long). Axis of inflorescence glandular pubescent. Each pedicel sometimes subtended by a minute subulate bract to 1.5mm long. Flowers - Petals 2, alternating with the sepals, white, notched or rounded at the apex, +/-2.1mm long and broad, glabrous. Stamens 2, erect. Filaments glabrous, white, to 1.7mm long. Anthers whitish, 1.2mm long. Style glabrous, whitish, basally surrounded by a green nectary, to 4mm long. Stigma somewhat bi-lobed. Ovary inferior, densely covered with uncinate hairs, to 2mm long in flower, green. Floral tube short, -1mm long, green, glabrous. Sepals 2, spreading, cupped, ovate, green, 3mm long, sparse glandular pubescent externally, glabrous internally. Fruits shallowly ribbed, with uncinate pubescence, to 4mm long, 2-locular, 2-seeded.
Flowering - June - August. Habitat - Rich low woods, thickets. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This small but common species can be found throughout Missouri. It is an easy species to ID in the field because of its minute flowers and opposite leaves. The plant can sometimes be found in large colonies in the habitats mentioned above. The Missouri plants belong to the variety canadensis (L.) Hara. Another variety, variety quadrisulcata, is native to Asia.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月11日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Cornaceae Stems - Woody, multiple. A shrub to 3m tall. Young twigs densely pubescent (tomentose) with mostly grayish hairs, terete. Leaves - Opposite, petiolate. Petioles to +/-1.5cm long, terete, tomentose, green. Blades elliptic, short-acuminate to acute, entire, to +/-10cm long, +/-3.5cm broad, dull dark green adaxially with a moderate number of malpighian hairs (appearing glabrous), bright whitish below with malpighian hairs on the leaf tissue and tomentose hairs on the veins. Veins expressed below.
Inflorescence - Terminal cymes, typically flat, definitely broader than tall. Flowers - Petals 4, white, +/- 3mm long. Stamens 4. Fruits - Typically globose drupe to 8mm in diameter, bluish-black.
Flowering - May - July. Habitat - Rocky stream banks, wet ground. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - Sorry I don't have a picture of the flowers here. Another species, Cornus racemosa, has similar flowers but remember the inflorescence of C. obliqua is flattish. This species has the most narrow leaves of any Cornus in this state. The picture doesn't do the fruits justice, they are brilliant blue.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月11日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Rubiaceae Stems - Trailing to ascending, herbaceous, 4-angled, often with reddish tinge, retrorse pubescent to glabrous, to +15cm tall, +30cm long. Leaves - Opposite, sessile. Pairs of opposing leaves joined at base by sheathing stipules. Stipules with 3-5 bristle-like lobes on upper margin. Middle lobe longest, to 5mm long. Leaf blades to 4cm long, 1.5cm broad, elliptic below, becoming linear-oblong above, entire, with antrorse strigillose margins, glabrous or sparse pilose at base on margins, typically acute. Inflorescence - Single or double flowers from leaf axils. Flowers sessile. Flowers - Corolla white, 4-lobed, salverform. Corolla tube to 8mm long, glabrous. Lobes 5-6mm long, 2.5mm broad spreading, white, glabrous externally, dense pubescent internally. Stamens 4, alternating with corolla lobes, adnate at apex of corolla tube, exserted. Filaments to +4mm long, white, glabrous. Anthers 2mm long, white. Style 1.1cm long, glabrous, filiform, flattened. Stigmas 2, 4mm long. Ovary 2-locular. Calyx tube to 4mm long (in flower), 2-lobed. Lobes 6mm long, attenuate, ciliate-margined. Caylx accrescent. Fruit to 8mm long, pubescent to glabrous.
Flowering - June - September. Habitat - Wet soils, pond margins, wet meadows. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This species can be found in the lower 1/3 of Missouri. Our plants belong to variety virginiana. Another variety, var. attenuata Fern., has more narrow fruits and is not found in Missouri. Steyermark splits var. virginiana into two forms. Form hirsuta (Pursh) Fern. has pubescent stems and fruits. Form virginiana has glabrous stems and fruits and is more common in our state.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月11日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Lamiaceae Stems - To 1.5m tall, hirsute, 4-angled, hollow, erect, from rhizomes, with fibrous roots, herbaceous, single or multiple from base, branching above or single. Leaves - Opposite, decussate, petiolate, typically ovate, serrate, pubescent above, densely pubescent below and hirsute on veins, to +/-8cm long, +/-4cm broad, acuminate. Petiole to 2.5cm long, hirsute.
Inflorescence - Dense terminal verticillasters numbering from 1 to 6. Each verticillaster subtended by small hirsute foliaceous bracts to +/-1cm long, 5-6mm broad. Pedicels 1.5mm long, hirsute.
Flowers - Corolla bilabiate, white with purple spotting internally, hirsute. Tube to 8mm long. Upper lip single lobed, 3mm long, glabrous internally. Lower lip 3-lobed, 4.5mm long, 3-4mm broad, glabrous internally. Central lobe thin, with parallel margins, emarginate to shallowly lobed at apex, longer than lateral lobes. Stamens 2, exserted from upper lip. Filaments white, glabrous, adnate near apex of corolla tube, 6mm long. Anthers 1mm long, purplish-brown. Style 1cm long, glabrous, white, exserted. Stigma 2-lobed. Ovary of 4 glabrous white nutlets. Calyx bilabiate, hirsute. Calyx tube to to 3.5mm long, with 13 nerves. Upper lip 3-lobed. Lobes 3mm long, attenuate, green. Lower lip 2-lobed. Lobes attenuate, 1.1mm long, dark purple. Flowering - May - September. Habitat - Shaded slopes, rich woods, ravines. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This plant, like many species in the family, is very fragrant when bruised or crushed. It is a favorite forage item of the local insect population and authors have noted that it is hard to find a plant which has not been browsed. I was lucky to find the beautiful cluster of plants photographed above. The plant shown is variety hirsuta. Steyermark notes a second variety, v. glabrata Fern., in which the stems and leaves are typically glabrous, but this variety is not recorded from Missouri. Another species, B. ciliata (L.) Benth.is similar but is typically shorter, has lanceolate leaves, and has pale bluish flowers. While B. hirsuta is found scattered throughout the state, B. ciliata is found mainly in the eastern 2/3 of the state except in the south where it covers the entire range of Missouri.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月11日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Asclepiadaceae Stems - Twining, climbing, herbaceous, often reddish, with milky sap, with villous pubescence in lines on the stems. Leaves - Opposite, petiolate. Petioles to +7cm long, reddish-green. Blades typically glabrous but also variously pubescent, dark green with evident veining above, cordate, ovate, acute to acuminate or apiculate, to +/-10cm long, +/-8cm broad. Inflorescence - Axillary umbellate cyme with +/-30 flowers. Peduncles to 5cm long, pubescent. Pedicels to 1cm long, pubescent.
Flowers - Corolla deeply 5-lobed. Lobes whitish, 7mm long, -3mm broad, erect to spreading, glabrous. Corona of 5 appendages. Appendages white, erect, to 6mm long, expanded at base, tapering into 2 linear lobes at apex. Calyx 5-lobed. Lobes green with some purple, ovate-lanceolate, to 3mm long, sparse pubescent.
Fruit - A large follicle, 10-11cm long, 4cm wide at widest point, teardrop-shaped, glabrous. Seeds winged, to +8mm long. Coma to 4cm long, white. Flowering - July - September. Habitat - Disturbed sites, along fences, waste ground, roadsides, railroads, thickets, open woods. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - Being from the Asclepiadaceae, this plant will "bleed" a white, latex-like secretion when pinched or bruised. Don't get this in your eyes nose or mouth as it can be irritating or harmful. This plant is seen as a weed by some but it always dies back in the fall leaving the large fruits hanging until they split open dorsally. The seeds can be carried a great distance by the wind. This species can be found throughout most of Missouri but is apparently absent from the south-central Ozark region.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月11日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Caryophyllaceae Stems - No info yet.
Leaves - No info yet. Inflorescence - No info yet.
Flowering - March - June. Habitat - Disturbed sites, lawns, roadsides, railroads. Origin - Native to Europe. Other info. - This little annual species can be found in scattered Missouri counties and is becoming more with time. Many species of Cerastium look alike and can be hard to differentiate. Sometimes minute details such as cilia at the base of the tiny petals are needed to differentiate species. Typically plants need to be collected in both flower and fruit to get a proper identification. C. brachypetalum can be identified by its annual habit, dense hairs, ciliate-based petals, and long fruiting pedicels. When growing in sunny areas, the plant typically has a distinct grayish appearance. In shady areas, the grayish appearance is mostly absent.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月11日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Bignoniaceae Stems - Woody. A tree to 30m tall. Single trunk to 1m in diameter. Leaves - Opposite or in whorls of 3, long petiolate, ovate, acuminate, entire, typically somewhat truncate at base or cordate, glabrous to sparsely pubescent above, pubescent below, to 30cm long, 20cm broad. Inflorescence - Terminal panicles to 20cm high and broad. Flowers - Tubular, to 6cm long, 4cm wide. Corolla white on outside, inside purple lined and spotted with some yellow spotting also, lower lobes without notches. Fruiting capsules to 60cm long, 1.5cm in diameter, terete. Seeds flat, to 4cm long, with a coma.

Flowering - May - June. Habitat - Low woods, streambanks, also cultivated. Origin - Native to small portion of midwest U.S. including southeastern Missouri, cultivated throughout the state. Other info. - "speciosa" means "showy" and the trees certainly are when in bloom. The panicles of this species are fewer flowered and shorter than the closely related C. bignonioides, but the flowers are larger and appear more dense in bloom.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月11日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Bignoniaceae Stems - Woody. A tree to 15m tall, single trunk to 1m in diameter. Leaves - Opposite or whorled (3 at a node), long petiolate, to 25cm long, 18cm wide, typically ovate to cordate, sometimes shallowly 3-lobed, especially when young, acute, pubescent below, sparsely pubescent to glabrescent above.
Inflorescence - Terminal panicle to +20cm tall. Flowers - Tubular, to 2cm broad. Corolla white outside, purple and yellow spotted inside, wrinkled, lower petals not notched at tip. Fruits - An elongate capsule to 35cm long, 1cm in diameter. Seeds flattened, with coma. Flowering - May - June. Habitat - Cultivated, rarely escaped along streambanks, roadsides, railroads. Origin - Native to small portion of extreme southeastern U.S. Other info. - This species is sometimes very difficult to tell from the next species C. speciosa but typically has smaller flowers and fruits than the latter. Some botanists think the two are synonymous. C. bignonioides is planted as an ornamental and is less common in this state than C. speciosa.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月11日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Caryophyllaceae Stems - Multiple from base, from fibrous roots, dichotomously branching, glabrous to glandular pubescence, thin (-1mm in diameter), to +/-20cm tall, erect, herbaceous. Leaves - Opposite, linear, +/-1.5cm long, 1-1.5mm broad, entire, glabrous, sessile. Inflorescence - Terminal loose cymes. Each division of cyme with a small pair of bracts subtending. Bracts lanceolate. Pedicels to 1.3cm long, filiform, glabrous or with sparse glandular pubescence. Flowers - Flowers to +/-5mm broad. Petals 5, white, glabrous, 6mm long, 1.4mm broad, with a shallow notch at apex, spreading at tips. Stamens 10. Filaments 2mm long, filiform, glabrous, white. Anthers yellow, .4mm long. Ovary ovoid, glabrous, 1.1mm long, .8mm in diameter. Styles 3, 1mm long, glabrous, white. Sepals 5, erect, distinct, with 5-nerved, green, glabrous or with some glandular hairs, lanceolate, with scarious margins, to 4mm long, 1mm broad. Fruit a small capsule. Seeds many, black, -.5mm in diameter.

Flowering - April - June. Habitat - Glades and rocky prairies. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This little plant is found in the lower 1/2 of Missouri. When not in flower the plant is easy to overlook because it is so small and has very thin stems. While in flower the small white corollas are easy to spot in the plant's glade habitat. This species is very short-lived but the dead stems can be found throughout the year.
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