文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月26日
Family - Papaveraceae
Stems - From a big taproot, with white to yellow milky sap, multiple from the base, erect, herbaceous, branching, terete, typically green with some purple at the base, to +/-50cm tall, hispid (the hairs with pustulate bases), scabrous.
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate below, sessile above, pinnately divided. Petioles of the lower leaves to +5cm long, with a deep "U"-shaped adaxial groove (the groove formed by decurrent leaf tissue). Upper leaves sessile. All leaves with the divisions serrate, acute, hispid on both surfaces, to +1cm broad, serrate. Serrations of the leaves with spine tips to 2mm long. The terminal division larger than the lateral divisions. Rachis of the leaves scabrous and hispid.
Inflorescence - Single long-pedunculate flowers from the upper leaf axils. Peduncles to +30cm long, terete, hispid, scabrous, erect.
Flowers - Petals 4-6, scarlet with a white to typically black splotch at the base, glabrous, reniform to broadly obovate, to 5cm long, 8cm broad. Stamens many, from below and exceeding the pistil, ascending. Filaments thin, black (purple at the base), glabrous, to 1.7cm long. Anthers yellow-brown, +/-2mm long, +1mm broad. Ovary green, glaucous, obconic, glabrous, about 1cm long, +/-7mm in diameter in flower, quickly expanding in fruit. Stigma capitate, brownish-red, as many as the carpels and variable, radiating from the center as the spokes in a wheel. Sepals 2, caducous, 3cm long, elliptic, densely papillose-hispid (the hairs reddish and antrorse), glabrous internally, with a nipple-like apex.
Flowering - May - October.
Habitat - Cultivated and escaped to fields, roadsides, and waste ground. Also planted along roadsides.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This attractive species can be found scattered throughout Missouri but is fairly uncommon in the wild. There are a few different red-flowered species of poppy which are cultivated and the differences between them are usually fairly minute. P. rhoeas is the most common of these species.
Stems - From a big taproot, with white to yellow milky sap, multiple from the base, erect, herbaceous, branching, terete, typically green with some purple at the base, to +/-50cm tall, hispid (the hairs with pustulate bases), scabrous.
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate below, sessile above, pinnately divided. Petioles of the lower leaves to +5cm long, with a deep "U"-shaped adaxial groove (the groove formed by decurrent leaf tissue). Upper leaves sessile. All leaves with the divisions serrate, acute, hispid on both surfaces, to +1cm broad, serrate. Serrations of the leaves with spine tips to 2mm long. The terminal division larger than the lateral divisions. Rachis of the leaves scabrous and hispid.
Inflorescence - Single long-pedunculate flowers from the upper leaf axils. Peduncles to +30cm long, terete, hispid, scabrous, erect.
Flowers - Petals 4-6, scarlet with a white to typically black splotch at the base, glabrous, reniform to broadly obovate, to 5cm long, 8cm broad. Stamens many, from below and exceeding the pistil, ascending. Filaments thin, black (purple at the base), glabrous, to 1.7cm long. Anthers yellow-brown, +/-2mm long, +1mm broad. Ovary green, glaucous, obconic, glabrous, about 1cm long, +/-7mm in diameter in flower, quickly expanding in fruit. Stigma capitate, brownish-red, as many as the carpels and variable, radiating from the center as the spokes in a wheel. Sepals 2, caducous, 3cm long, elliptic, densely papillose-hispid (the hairs reddish and antrorse), glabrous internally, with a nipple-like apex.
Flowering - May - October.
Habitat - Cultivated and escaped to fields, roadsides, and waste ground. Also planted along roadsides.
Origin - Native to Europe.
Other info. - This attractive species can be found scattered throughout Missouri but is fairly uncommon in the wild. There are a few different red-flowered species of poppy which are cultivated and the differences between them are usually fairly minute. P. rhoeas is the most common of these species.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月26日
Family - Campanulaceae
Stems - To 1.2m tall, simple to branching above, glabrous to puberulent or retrorse strigose, carinate above, angled, purplish-green, herbaceous, with milky sap.
Leaves - Alternate, sessile above, petiolate below, reduced upward and at base. Petioles to +1cm long. Blades lanceolate to oblanceolate, typically glabrous to sparse hirsute or strigose, serrulate to denticulate, to 20cm long, 5cm wide, acute to acuminate. Margins often sinuous.
Inflorescence - A terminal raceme to 70cm long(tall). Each flower subtended by single foliaceous bract (reduced leaf). Pedicels to 5mm, puberulent to strigose.
Flowers - Corolla deep red (scarlet, crimson, vermilion), to +4cm long, resupinate, tubular, 5-lobed, fenestrate, glabrous to puberulent externally and internally. Stamens 5. Filaments red, united into a tube to +3cm long and surrounding style. Stigma 2-lobed. Calyx campanulate, small at anthesis but quickly enlarging to 1.5cm long, 5-lobed, 10-ribbed, greenish-purple, puberulent to strigose. Lobes up to 2.5cm long, +/-2mm broad, linear-attenuate.
Flowering - July - October.
Habitat - Wet ground, lake margins, streambanks, ditches.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is one of the most striking species of the genus Lobelia. The deep red flowers are easily noticed near bodies of water and in wet areas.
Steyermark lists three forms of the plant based on flower color. Form cardinalis (shown above) has deep red flowers and is the most common. Form alba has white flowers. Lastly, form rosea has rose or pinkish flowers.
Stems - To 1.2m tall, simple to branching above, glabrous to puberulent or retrorse strigose, carinate above, angled, purplish-green, herbaceous, with milky sap.
Leaves - Alternate, sessile above, petiolate below, reduced upward and at base. Petioles to +1cm long. Blades lanceolate to oblanceolate, typically glabrous to sparse hirsute or strigose, serrulate to denticulate, to 20cm long, 5cm wide, acute to acuminate. Margins often sinuous.
Inflorescence - A terminal raceme to 70cm long(tall). Each flower subtended by single foliaceous bract (reduced leaf). Pedicels to 5mm, puberulent to strigose.
Flowers - Corolla deep red (scarlet, crimson, vermilion), to +4cm long, resupinate, tubular, 5-lobed, fenestrate, glabrous to puberulent externally and internally. Stamens 5. Filaments red, united into a tube to +3cm long and surrounding style. Stigma 2-lobed. Calyx campanulate, small at anthesis but quickly enlarging to 1.5cm long, 5-lobed, 10-ribbed, greenish-purple, puberulent to strigose. Lobes up to 2.5cm long, +/-2mm broad, linear-attenuate.
Flowering - July - October.
Habitat - Wet ground, lake margins, streambanks, ditches.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is one of the most striking species of the genus Lobelia. The deep red flowers are easily noticed near bodies of water and in wet areas.
Steyermark lists three forms of the plant based on flower color. Form cardinalis (shown above) has deep red flowers and is the most common. Form alba has white flowers. Lastly, form rosea has rose or pinkish flowers.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月26日
Family - Liliaceae
Stems - Aerial stems to 1.5m tall, simple, green, glabrous, herbaceous, erect, terete.
Leaves - Alternate, basal, to 1m long, 3cm wide, glabrous, entire, linear. Leaves of the upper stem reduced to small bracts.
Inflorescence - Terminal, paired panicles.
Flowers - Perianth red-orange with yellowish base and light midrib, recurved, to +12cm long and broad, joined at base into short tube. Petals 3. Sepals 3, slightly smaller than petals. Stamens 6. Style 1.
Flowering - May - August.
Habitat - Mostly cultivated. Also found along roadsides.
Origin - Native to Eurasia.
Other info. - This is the species from which hundreds to thousands of cultivars have been grown. Luckily the cultivated plants are sterile but they do spread by means of underground stolons and form large colonies.
This plant is extremely common on roadsides and in cultivation.
The flowers and roots are edible. Don't eat the mature leaves and stems, you'll be sorry.
"Fulva" means "orange-yellow" in Latin.
Stems - Aerial stems to 1.5m tall, simple, green, glabrous, herbaceous, erect, terete.
Leaves - Alternate, basal, to 1m long, 3cm wide, glabrous, entire, linear. Leaves of the upper stem reduced to small bracts.
Inflorescence - Terminal, paired panicles.
Flowers - Perianth red-orange with yellowish base and light midrib, recurved, to +12cm long and broad, joined at base into short tube. Petals 3. Sepals 3, slightly smaller than petals. Stamens 6. Style 1.
Flowering - May - August.
Habitat - Mostly cultivated. Also found along roadsides.
Origin - Native to Eurasia.
Other info. - This is the species from which hundreds to thousands of cultivars have been grown. Luckily the cultivated plants are sterile but they do spread by means of underground stolons and form large colonies.
This plant is extremely common on roadsides and in cultivation.
The flowers and roots are edible. Don't eat the mature leaves and stems, you'll be sorry.
"Fulva" means "orange-yellow" in Latin.
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月26日
Family - Cannaceae
Stems - To +120cm tall, herbaceous, glabrous, sometimes glaucous, from thick, stout rhizomes.
Leaves - Alternate, with sheathing petioles, oval, elliptic or oblong, green, purple, bronze or combinations of the three, to 60cm long.
Inflorescence - Terminal panicle with a variable number of flowers.
Flowers - Corolla typically red, orange, yellow, or combinations of the three, to 7.5cm long. Petals 3. Stamen single. Sepals colored similar to petals.
Flowering - July - November.
Habitat - Cultivated in rich, moist soil.
Origin - Most cultivated plants are native to tropical America.
Other info. - Most of the cultivated plants seen are cultivars of Canna x generalis (around 14 I think), but other species are cultivated widely.
The plants vary greatly in size and color. Some smaller plants are grown from seed while the larger plants are typically grown by planting the rhizome in early spring.
Stems - To +120cm tall, herbaceous, glabrous, sometimes glaucous, from thick, stout rhizomes.
Leaves - Alternate, with sheathing petioles, oval, elliptic or oblong, green, purple, bronze or combinations of the three, to 60cm long.
Inflorescence - Terminal panicle with a variable number of flowers.
Flowers - Corolla typically red, orange, yellow, or combinations of the three, to 7.5cm long. Petals 3. Stamen single. Sepals colored similar to petals.
Flowering - July - November.
Habitat - Cultivated in rich, moist soil.
Origin - Most cultivated plants are native to tropical America.
Other info. - Most of the cultivated plants seen are cultivars of Canna x generalis (around 14 I think), but other species are cultivated widely.
The plants vary greatly in size and color. Some smaller plants are grown from seed while the larger plants are typically grown by planting the rhizome in early spring.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月26日
Family - Ranunculaceae
Stems - To +60cm tall, multiple from base, branching above, red to green, herbaceous, thin, glabrous to glandular pubescent in upper portions, sparsely pilose below.
Leaves - Basal leaves on long petioles, biternate. Petioles to +10cm long, sparse pilose to glabrous. Cauline leaves becoming sessile above. Leaflets lobed, deep green and glabrous above, glaucous below with some pubescence near base or not. Ultimate divisions obtuse at apex, with main veins coming together at apex forming tiny white tip.
Inflorescence - Single flowers from leaf axils on long peduncles, nodding.
Flowers - Petals 5, spurred, yellowish at tip red for rest of length, +/-4cm long, expanded upper lip to 7mm broad. Sepals 5, reddish, yellow at apex, alternating with petals, to 2cm long, lanceolate. Stamens +20, of different lengths, those closer to pistil longer than outer. Filaments to +1.7cm long, flattened and expanded at base, glabrous. Anthers yellow, 2mm long and broad. Styles to 1.3cm long, filiform, glabrous. Ovaries 4, 5mm long, tomentose, pale yellow-green.
Fruit - Follicles to 3cm long, beaked.
Flowering - April - July.
Habitat - Rocky ledges, rocky slopes, low woods. Also cultivated.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - The spurs of the petals contain nectaries and are very attractive to insects equipped with long proboscises. This and other species of Aquilegia are highly cultivated and easy to grow.
In Italian "Aquila" means "Eagle" and indeed the genus is so named because of the talon shaped spurs of the petals.
Steyermark lists two forms for the plant in Missouri. Form canadensis, (pictured above), has the typical red and yellow corolla. Form flaviflora (Tenny) Britt. has a corolla which is completely yellow. This form is rare. Some cultivated forms have white or pink corollas and can be double flowered also.
Stems - To +60cm tall, multiple from base, branching above, red to green, herbaceous, thin, glabrous to glandular pubescent in upper portions, sparsely pilose below.
Leaves - Basal leaves on long petioles, biternate. Petioles to +10cm long, sparse pilose to glabrous. Cauline leaves becoming sessile above. Leaflets lobed, deep green and glabrous above, glaucous below with some pubescence near base or not. Ultimate divisions obtuse at apex, with main veins coming together at apex forming tiny white tip.
Inflorescence - Single flowers from leaf axils on long peduncles, nodding.
Flowers - Petals 5, spurred, yellowish at tip red for rest of length, +/-4cm long, expanded upper lip to 7mm broad. Sepals 5, reddish, yellow at apex, alternating with petals, to 2cm long, lanceolate. Stamens +20, of different lengths, those closer to pistil longer than outer. Filaments to +1.7cm long, flattened and expanded at base, glabrous. Anthers yellow, 2mm long and broad. Styles to 1.3cm long, filiform, glabrous. Ovaries 4, 5mm long, tomentose, pale yellow-green.
Fruit - Follicles to 3cm long, beaked.
Flowering - April - July.
Habitat - Rocky ledges, rocky slopes, low woods. Also cultivated.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - The spurs of the petals contain nectaries and are very attractive to insects equipped with long proboscises. This and other species of Aquilegia are highly cultivated and easy to grow.
In Italian "Aquila" means "Eagle" and indeed the genus is so named because of the talon shaped spurs of the petals.
Steyermark lists two forms for the plant in Missouri. Form canadensis, (pictured above), has the typical red and yellow corolla. Form flaviflora (Tenny) Britt. has a corolla which is completely yellow. This form is rare. Some cultivated forms have white or pink corollas and can be double flowered also.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月26日
Family - Liliaceae
Stems - Aerial stems to +20cm tall, from short rhizomes, herbaceous, erect, purplish (at least at base), glabrous.
Leaves - Whorled, 3 per plant, sessile, ovate to elliptic, acute to acuminate, glabrous, mottled with silver-green above, to +7cm long, 3.5cm broad, entire.
Inflorescence - Single sessile flower terminating the aerial stem.
Flowers - Petals 3, reddish-maroon (rarely green), lanceolate, attenuate, to +2.5cm long, 8mm broad, glabrous, erect. Stamens 6, +/-1.5cm long. Filaments purple, 2-3mm long. Anthers long, yellow-brown. Styles 3, purple. Ovary superior, 3-6-angled, 3-locular. Placentation axile. Sepals 3, green with reddish margins, lanceolate, to +2.2cm long, glabrous, spreading to erect.
Flowering - April - June.
Habitat - Bottoms, moist slopes, ravines.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This fine species can be found mainly in the lower 2/3 of Missouri. The plant is fairly common in the habitats mentioned above.
The plants with green flowers are known as form viridiflorum Beyer and are more rare than the red-flowered form.
The flowers of this species have the slight aroma of dead animal tissue as to attract flies and beetles as pollinators. The plant is edible but should not be picked as most plants in this genus are having a tough time competing with man for living space.
Stems - Aerial stems to +20cm tall, from short rhizomes, herbaceous, erect, purplish (at least at base), glabrous.
Leaves - Whorled, 3 per plant, sessile, ovate to elliptic, acute to acuminate, glabrous, mottled with silver-green above, to +7cm long, 3.5cm broad, entire.
Inflorescence - Single sessile flower terminating the aerial stem.
Flowers - Petals 3, reddish-maroon (rarely green), lanceolate, attenuate, to +2.5cm long, 8mm broad, glabrous, erect. Stamens 6, +/-1.5cm long. Filaments purple, 2-3mm long. Anthers long, yellow-brown. Styles 3, purple. Ovary superior, 3-6-angled, 3-locular. Placentation axile. Sepals 3, green with reddish margins, lanceolate, to +2.2cm long, glabrous, spreading to erect.
Flowering - April - June.
Habitat - Bottoms, moist slopes, ravines.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This fine species can be found mainly in the lower 2/3 of Missouri. The plant is fairly common in the habitats mentioned above.
The plants with green flowers are known as form viridiflorum Beyer and are more rare than the red-flowered form.
The flowers of this species have the slight aroma of dead animal tissue as to attract flies and beetles as pollinators. The plant is edible but should not be picked as most plants in this genus are having a tough time competing with man for living space.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月26日
Family - Caprifoliaceae
Stems - To several meters long, trailing to climbing or twining, typically glabrous.
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, sessile, glabrous and deep green above, dull green to glaucous below, entire, broadly ovate to elliptic, to +5cm long, +4cm broad. Leaves just below inflorescence typically perfoliate and joined at base.
Inflorescence - Terminal paired cymules at each node. Cymules of typically 3 flowers each (so six flowers per node). Flowers sessile.
Flowers - Corolla deep red, glabrous, to 5cm long, 5-lobed(slightly bilabiate). Lobes acute, to 6mm long. Stamens 5, exserted, adnate at base of corolla tube. Filaments white, glabrous. Anthers yellow, to 3-4mm long. Style exserted past stamens, whitish, glabrous. Stigma capitate. Ovary inferior. Calyx minute, 5-toothed, glabrous, green. Teeth to -1mm long, whitish.
Flowering - April - July.
Habitat - Cultivated and rarely escaped to thickets and roadsides.
Origin - Native to the Eastern U.S., cultivated in Missouri.
Other info. - This is a very striking plant while in flower. The brilliant red flowers cannot be missed and are great for attracting flying insects. The species name of the plant means "evergreen" and the leaves do hold on the plant throughout the winter.
Stems - To several meters long, trailing to climbing or twining, typically glabrous.
Leaves - Opposite, decussate, sessile, glabrous and deep green above, dull green to glaucous below, entire, broadly ovate to elliptic, to +5cm long, +4cm broad. Leaves just below inflorescence typically perfoliate and joined at base.
Inflorescence - Terminal paired cymules at each node. Cymules of typically 3 flowers each (so six flowers per node). Flowers sessile.
Flowers - Corolla deep red, glabrous, to 5cm long, 5-lobed(slightly bilabiate). Lobes acute, to 6mm long. Stamens 5, exserted, adnate at base of corolla tube. Filaments white, glabrous. Anthers yellow, to 3-4mm long. Style exserted past stamens, whitish, glabrous. Stigma capitate. Ovary inferior. Calyx minute, 5-toothed, glabrous, green. Teeth to -1mm long, whitish.
Flowering - April - July.
Habitat - Cultivated and rarely escaped to thickets and roadsides.
Origin - Native to the Eastern U.S., cultivated in Missouri.
Other info. - This is a very striking plant while in flower. The brilliant red flowers cannot be missed and are great for attracting flying insects. The species name of the plant means "evergreen" and the leaves do hold on the plant throughout the winter.
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Janice Y
2017年07月25日
15 months ago,i bought this very first flower in Germany.It was white,blue and a bit green,so preety.I didn't take good care of it, it almost died.This spring i tried to save it and cut some branches,gave it water wvwey day.Now it's
returns with alive and different colors!
returns with alive and different colors!
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文章
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月25日
Family - Cistaceae
Stems - Single to multiple from the base, perennial from a big taproot, erect, herbaceous, to -1m tall, terete, green but reddish in strong sun, villous (the hairs with pustulate bases), scabrous because of the bases of the hairs, mostly simple except for in the inflorescence.
Leaves - Cauline leaves opposite, short-petiolate. Petioles to +/-3mm long, villous. Blades elliptic, acute, cuneate at the base, entire, to +/-3cm long, +/-6mm broad, antrorse, pubescent above and below, green.
Inflorescence - Dense axillary bracteate panicles in the apical 1/3 of the stem. Each branch of the panicle subtended by a reduced foliaceous bract. Branches of the panicles villous to antrorse pubescent. Pedicels to 1mm long, antrorse pubescent.
Flowers - Petals 3, -2mm long, -1mm broad, glabrous, reddish-purple, rounded at the apex, shorter than the sepals. Stamens 5, from below the globose ovary. Filaments purple, glabrous, +/-2mm long, filiform. Anthers tan but quickly drying to blackish with tan ridges, .2mm long. Ovary green, glabrous, globose, -1mm in diameter in flower, superior. Style (stigma) flattened, purple at the base, yellow above, fimbriate. Sepals 5, green, erect, with whitish-scarious margins, cupped, with some hairs externally, glabrous internally, acute to rounded at the apex.
Flowering - July - November.
Habitat - Rocky open glades, rocky open woods, sandy and fallow fields, prairies, roadsides.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This weedy-looking species can be found mainly in the southern half of Missouri. The plant is easy to overlook becasue of its small flowers and small leaves.
The Missouri material belongs to variety villosa.
Stems - Single to multiple from the base, perennial from a big taproot, erect, herbaceous, to -1m tall, terete, green but reddish in strong sun, villous (the hairs with pustulate bases), scabrous because of the bases of the hairs, mostly simple except for in the inflorescence.
Leaves - Cauline leaves opposite, short-petiolate. Petioles to +/-3mm long, villous. Blades elliptic, acute, cuneate at the base, entire, to +/-3cm long, +/-6mm broad, antrorse, pubescent above and below, green.
Inflorescence - Dense axillary bracteate panicles in the apical 1/3 of the stem. Each branch of the panicle subtended by a reduced foliaceous bract. Branches of the panicles villous to antrorse pubescent. Pedicels to 1mm long, antrorse pubescent.
Flowers - Petals 3, -2mm long, -1mm broad, glabrous, reddish-purple, rounded at the apex, shorter than the sepals. Stamens 5, from below the globose ovary. Filaments purple, glabrous, +/-2mm long, filiform. Anthers tan but quickly drying to blackish with tan ridges, .2mm long. Ovary green, glabrous, globose, -1mm in diameter in flower, superior. Style (stigma) flattened, purple at the base, yellow above, fimbriate. Sepals 5, green, erect, with whitish-scarious margins, cupped, with some hairs externally, glabrous internally, acute to rounded at the apex.
Flowering - July - November.
Habitat - Rocky open glades, rocky open woods, sandy and fallow fields, prairies, roadsides.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This weedy-looking species can be found mainly in the southern half of Missouri. The plant is easy to overlook becasue of its small flowers and small leaves.
The Missouri material belongs to variety villosa.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月25日
Family - Bignoniaceae
Stems - Woody, climbing or clambering, multiple from base, forming aerial rootlets. New seasons growth glabrous, green.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate, odd-pinnate, with +/-11 leaflets. Petiole and rachis glabrous or with a few cilia near the base of the leaflets, with a narrow adaxial groove, green. Leaflets opposite, ovate, acuminate, coarsely and irregularly serrate, glabrous above, sparsely pubescent on veins below, acute to acuminate, to +6cm long, +4cm broad. Leaf tissue abruptly contracted and deccurent on petiolule.
Inflorescence - Terminal corymbs of +/-10 flowers. Pedicels to 1.7cm long, subtended by small linear bracts. Pedicel also often with two small scalelike bracts near middle.
Flowers - Corolla red-orange, orange, or yellow, to +/-7cm long, 2cm in diameter, funnelform, 5-lobed at apex, zygomorphic, glabrous. Lobes suborbicular, to 2.5cm broad, 1.5cm long. Stamens 5 (4 + 1), didynamous, included, adnate at contracted portion of corolla tube. Filaments to +3cm long, glabrous, pale yellow. Anthers tan, 5-6mm long. Small stamen with filament to 1.8cm long. Style 1, 4.8cm long, glabrous, yellow-green. Stigma flattened, spatulate, to 3mm broad. Ovary superior, 8mm long, subterete to weakly 6-angled. Placentation axile. Ovules many, glabrous. Calyx tube to +2cm long, reddish, 5-lobed. Lobes 8mm long, acute, 5-6mm broad at base, glabrous internally and externally. Capsules 2-valved, to +15cm long, beaked, woody. Seeds winged.
Flowering - May - August.
Habitat - Open woods, thickets, fence rows, waste ground, disturbed sites, roadsides, railroads. Also cultivated.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This striking species is common throughout Missouri but is actually native to only the Ozark section of the state. This is an easily identified vine because of its opposite, pinnate leaves and big, orange flowers. It can frequently be seen growing along fence rows and in waste places.
C. radicans can be aggressive if unchecked and some people are mildly allergic to the plant.
Stems - Woody, climbing or clambering, multiple from base, forming aerial rootlets. New seasons growth glabrous, green.
Leaves - Opposite, petiolate, odd-pinnate, with +/-11 leaflets. Petiole and rachis glabrous or with a few cilia near the base of the leaflets, with a narrow adaxial groove, green. Leaflets opposite, ovate, acuminate, coarsely and irregularly serrate, glabrous above, sparsely pubescent on veins below, acute to acuminate, to +6cm long, +4cm broad. Leaf tissue abruptly contracted and deccurent on petiolule.
Inflorescence - Terminal corymbs of +/-10 flowers. Pedicels to 1.7cm long, subtended by small linear bracts. Pedicel also often with two small scalelike bracts near middle.
Flowers - Corolla red-orange, orange, or yellow, to +/-7cm long, 2cm in diameter, funnelform, 5-lobed at apex, zygomorphic, glabrous. Lobes suborbicular, to 2.5cm broad, 1.5cm long. Stamens 5 (4 + 1), didynamous, included, adnate at contracted portion of corolla tube. Filaments to +3cm long, glabrous, pale yellow. Anthers tan, 5-6mm long. Small stamen with filament to 1.8cm long. Style 1, 4.8cm long, glabrous, yellow-green. Stigma flattened, spatulate, to 3mm broad. Ovary superior, 8mm long, subterete to weakly 6-angled. Placentation axile. Ovules many, glabrous. Calyx tube to +2cm long, reddish, 5-lobed. Lobes 8mm long, acute, 5-6mm broad at base, glabrous internally and externally. Capsules 2-valved, to +15cm long, beaked, woody. Seeds winged.
Flowering - May - August.
Habitat - Open woods, thickets, fence rows, waste ground, disturbed sites, roadsides, railroads. Also cultivated.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This striking species is common throughout Missouri but is actually native to only the Ozark section of the state. This is an easily identified vine because of its opposite, pinnate leaves and big, orange flowers. It can frequently be seen growing along fence rows and in waste places.
C. radicans can be aggressive if unchecked and some people are mildly allergic to the plant.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月24日
Family - Asteraceae
Stems - To +1.5m tall, herbaceous, from a taproot, typically single from the base, simple below, branched near apex, erect, stout, green but becoming purple in full sun, velutinous, (the hairs whitish to ferruginous or purplish and multicellular).
ciliolate.
Leaves - Alternate, short-petiolate to subsessile. Petioles to +/-7mm long, velutinous. Blades variable, from lanceolate to ovate or oblong, serrate, acute to acuminate, slightly scabrous above, velutinous below (and often bluish-green in color), with many small teardrop-shaped granules below, to 15cm long, 8-9cm broad. The serrations of the margins often with a minute whitish apex. Veins of the leaf blade are impressed adaxially and expressed abaxially.
Inflorescence - Dense cymose arrangement of flower heads. Peduncles velutinous, to 2cm long.
Involucre - 7-8mm long (tall), 5-6mm in diameter. Phyllaries imbricate, green with purple margins and midrib, acuminate, with arachnoid pubescence externally, glabrous internally, to 6mm long, 2-3mm broad. The tips of the phyllaries typically spreading but sometimes appressed. Margins often fimbriate-
Ray flowers - Absent.
Disk flowers - Corolla deep pink, 5-lobed, glabrous. Tube to 1.2cm long. Lobes to 3mm long, recurved, glabrous, linear. Stamens 5, adnate in upper 1/3 of corolla tube. Filaments white, glabrous. Anthers yellowish, connate around style, partially to fully exserted, to 3mm long. Style pinkish-white, well exserted beyond corolla and anthers, bifurcate, (the tips recurved). Achenes white in flower, to 2mm long, slightly compressed, tuberculate, pubescent, 4-sided, 8-ribbed. Pappus of multiple capillary bristles to 7mm long and short scales to .5mm long. Bristles brown, barbellate. Receptacle flat, naked.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - Fields, prairies, rocky woods, glades, meadows, waste ground, pastures, thickets, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This striking species is found throughout Missouri. The plant is common in the habitats listed above. This and other species of Vernonia can be fairly variable and sometimes difficult to ID. Many of the plants in this genus form hybrids and thus make ID even more of a challenge. V. baldwinii grows well from seed and should be used more in cultivation. Flying insects are very fond of the flowers.
Steyermark breaks this species down into different varieties and forms. I won't go into those here as many of these integrate and are probably not valid.
Stems - To +1.5m tall, herbaceous, from a taproot, typically single from the base, simple below, branched near apex, erect, stout, green but becoming purple in full sun, velutinous, (the hairs whitish to ferruginous or purplish and multicellular).
ciliolate.
Leaves - Alternate, short-petiolate to subsessile. Petioles to +/-7mm long, velutinous. Blades variable, from lanceolate to ovate or oblong, serrate, acute to acuminate, slightly scabrous above, velutinous below (and often bluish-green in color), with many small teardrop-shaped granules below, to 15cm long, 8-9cm broad. The serrations of the margins often with a minute whitish apex. Veins of the leaf blade are impressed adaxially and expressed abaxially.
Inflorescence - Dense cymose arrangement of flower heads. Peduncles velutinous, to 2cm long.
Involucre - 7-8mm long (tall), 5-6mm in diameter. Phyllaries imbricate, green with purple margins and midrib, acuminate, with arachnoid pubescence externally, glabrous internally, to 6mm long, 2-3mm broad. The tips of the phyllaries typically spreading but sometimes appressed. Margins often fimbriate-
Ray flowers - Absent.
Disk flowers - Corolla deep pink, 5-lobed, glabrous. Tube to 1.2cm long. Lobes to 3mm long, recurved, glabrous, linear. Stamens 5, adnate in upper 1/3 of corolla tube. Filaments white, glabrous. Anthers yellowish, connate around style, partially to fully exserted, to 3mm long. Style pinkish-white, well exserted beyond corolla and anthers, bifurcate, (the tips recurved). Achenes white in flower, to 2mm long, slightly compressed, tuberculate, pubescent, 4-sided, 8-ribbed. Pappus of multiple capillary bristles to 7mm long and short scales to .5mm long. Bristles brown, barbellate. Receptacle flat, naked.
Flowering - May - September.
Habitat - Fields, prairies, rocky woods, glades, meadows, waste ground, pastures, thickets, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This striking species is found throughout Missouri. The plant is common in the habitats listed above. This and other species of Vernonia can be fairly variable and sometimes difficult to ID. Many of the plants in this genus form hybrids and thus make ID even more of a challenge. V. baldwinii grows well from seed and should be used more in cultivation. Flying insects are very fond of the flowers.
Steyermark breaks this species down into different varieties and forms. I won't go into those here as many of these integrate and are probably not valid.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月24日
Family - Rosaceae
Stems - Woody, erect, branching, to -1m tall but typically seen much less. New growth and last seasons twigs olive green, glabrous, with a few (to moderate) straight needle-like thorns.
Leaves - Alternate, odd-pinnate, stipulate. Stipules to +1cm long, entire, acuminate at the apex, with a few piose hairs and distinct red glands on the margins. Rachis of leaf with a few pilose hairs or glabrous. Leaflets typically 5. Lateral leaflets sessile, terminal leaflet stalked. All leaflets ovate to oblong-lanceolate, serrate, to +/-4cm long, +/-2cm broad, deep green and glabrous adaxially, light green and mostly glabrous abaxially but with a few hairs on the midrib or villous.
Inflorescence - Terminal single flower on new seasons growth. Pedicel to +/-1cm long, with a few stalked glands.
Flowers - Fragrant. Petals 5, pinkish, glabrous, distinct, spreading, to +2.5cm long, +2cm broad at the apex, emarginate to notched at the apex. Stamens many (+50), spreading. Filaments yellow, glabrous, to 8mm long. Anthers yellow, to 3mm long. Carpels many, with yellow stigmas, slightly exserted from the hypanthium, densely pubescent. Sepals 5, reflexed in flower, long-attenuate, with moderate glandular and arachnoid pubescence abaxially, to -2cm long, with moderate white arachnoid pubescence adaxially and on the margins. Hypanthium green (light), with few to many stalked glands.
Flowering - May - June.
Habitat - Open woods, glades, prairies, thickets, clearings, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is a common species found throughout Missouri. The plant is variable in flower size, leaflets shape, and leaf pubescence. It grows well from seed and would make a good garden subject. Although there are approximately 15 species of roses growing wild in Missouri, this species and another, R. setigera Michx., make up the bulk of the native rose flora in the state.
Stems - Woody, erect, branching, to -1m tall but typically seen much less. New growth and last seasons twigs olive green, glabrous, with a few (to moderate) straight needle-like thorns.
Leaves - Alternate, odd-pinnate, stipulate. Stipules to +1cm long, entire, acuminate at the apex, with a few piose hairs and distinct red glands on the margins. Rachis of leaf with a few pilose hairs or glabrous. Leaflets typically 5. Lateral leaflets sessile, terminal leaflet stalked. All leaflets ovate to oblong-lanceolate, serrate, to +/-4cm long, +/-2cm broad, deep green and glabrous adaxially, light green and mostly glabrous abaxially but with a few hairs on the midrib or villous.
Inflorescence - Terminal single flower on new seasons growth. Pedicel to +/-1cm long, with a few stalked glands.
Flowers - Fragrant. Petals 5, pinkish, glabrous, distinct, spreading, to +2.5cm long, +2cm broad at the apex, emarginate to notched at the apex. Stamens many (+50), spreading. Filaments yellow, glabrous, to 8mm long. Anthers yellow, to 3mm long. Carpels many, with yellow stigmas, slightly exserted from the hypanthium, densely pubescent. Sepals 5, reflexed in flower, long-attenuate, with moderate glandular and arachnoid pubescence abaxially, to -2cm long, with moderate white arachnoid pubescence adaxially and on the margins. Hypanthium green (light), with few to many stalked glands.
Flowering - May - June.
Habitat - Open woods, glades, prairies, thickets, clearings, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is a common species found throughout Missouri. The plant is variable in flower size, leaflets shape, and leaf pubescence. It grows well from seed and would make a good garden subject. Although there are approximately 15 species of roses growing wild in Missouri, this species and another, R. setigera Michx., make up the bulk of the native rose flora in the state.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月24日
Family - Polygonaceae
Stems - To 1.5m tall, herbaceous, erect, typically simple to branching above, rhizomatous, glabrous below, densely antrorse pubescent above, reddish-green.
Leaves - Alternate, sheathing, petiolate. Ocrea large, antrorse appressed pubescent, NOT fringed at apex. Petiole to 2.5cm long, antrorse appressed pubescent, from around the midpoint of the ocrea. Blade to -20cm long, -6cm broad, entire, often undulate, sericeous, rounded to sub-cordate at base, acuminate, lanceolate to lance-elliptic or lance-ovate.
Inflorescence - Dense terminal spikes to +6cm long, 1.4cm in diameter, erect. Peduncles dense antrorse pubescent. Ocreolae fringed and pubescent, +/-1mm long.
Flowers - Perinath segments 5, rose-pink, to -4mm long, glabrous. Stamens typically 5, adnate at base of perianth segments. Filaments .5mm long, glabrous. Anthers pink, .6mm long. Styles 2, united in lower half, free above, well exserted, whitish-pink, 4-5mm long, glabrous. Stigmas capitate. Ovary compressed, glabrous, reddish-green, 1mm in diameter. Mature achene to 2.5mm in diameter, dark, shiny.
Flowering - June - October.
Habitat - Pond and lake margins, stream banks, wet meadows, roadside ditches, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is an attractive species can be found scattered throughout Missouri but is apparently absent from many of the counties in the Ozark region of the state. This is a variable and somewhat confusing species with many growth forms.
This is what the aquatic form looks like:
Stems - To 1.5m tall, herbaceous, erect, typically simple to branching above, rhizomatous, glabrous below, densely antrorse pubescent above, reddish-green.
Leaves - Alternate, sheathing, petiolate. Ocrea large, antrorse appressed pubescent, NOT fringed at apex. Petiole to 2.5cm long, antrorse appressed pubescent, from around the midpoint of the ocrea. Blade to -20cm long, -6cm broad, entire, often undulate, sericeous, rounded to sub-cordate at base, acuminate, lanceolate to lance-elliptic or lance-ovate.
Inflorescence - Dense terminal spikes to +6cm long, 1.4cm in diameter, erect. Peduncles dense antrorse pubescent. Ocreolae fringed and pubescent, +/-1mm long.
Flowers - Perinath segments 5, rose-pink, to -4mm long, glabrous. Stamens typically 5, adnate at base of perianth segments. Filaments .5mm long, glabrous. Anthers pink, .6mm long. Styles 2, united in lower half, free above, well exserted, whitish-pink, 4-5mm long, glabrous. Stigmas capitate. Ovary compressed, glabrous, reddish-green, 1mm in diameter. Mature achene to 2.5mm in diameter, dark, shiny.
Flowering - June - October.
Habitat - Pond and lake margins, stream banks, wet meadows, roadside ditches, railroads.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This is an attractive species can be found scattered throughout Missouri but is apparently absent from many of the counties in the Ozark region of the state. This is a variable and somewhat confusing species with many growth forms.
This is what the aquatic form looks like:
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月24日
Family - Asteraceae
Stems - To +60cm tall, erect, simple, single or multiple from a corm, herbaceous, glabrous to pilose (the hairs multicellular), terete, typically light green with darker vertical lines.
Leaves - Alternate, sessile, linear and grasslike, scabrous or not, glabrous to strigose hairy, entire, reduced upward, to +20cm long, 4-12mm broad. Veins of the leaves appearing parallel. Hairs multicellular as on the stem.
Inflorescence - Single, sessile flowerheads in the leaf axils.
Involucre - To +/-1.8cm long (tall), +/-7mm in diameter, cylindric or slightly wider near the base. Phyllaries imbricate, the longest to -1.5cm long, 2-4mm broad, glabrous to pubescent externally, glabrous internally, with ciliate margins apically, abruptly short acuminate to acuminate at the apex, often dark purple at the apex in strong sun. The apices of the phyllaries somewhat to greatly spreading (depending on the variety).
Ray flowers - Absent.
Disk flowers - 10-60 per flowerhead. Corolla green basally, purplish in the apical half, 5-lobed, to 1.4cm long (including the lobes), glabrous externally, pubescent internally. Lobes to +/-4mm long, -1mm broad, acute, linear, with punctate glands externally (use a lens to see). Stamens 5, adnate at the middle of the corolla tube. Filaments white, glabrous, -2mm long. Anthers brown, connate around the style, 3mm long, mostly included. Style white basally, purple in the apical half, glabrous, +/-2cm long total, divided in the apical half, well exserted beyond the corolla. Pappus of purplish plumose bristles to +/-9mm long, uniseriate. The shaft of the bristle is purple the plumose hairs are white. Achene in flower ribbed, +/-5mm long, +/-1.2mm broad, antrorse pubescent.
Flowering - June - September.
Habitat - Rocky and dry open woods, glades, rocky prairies, bluff ledges.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This striking species can be found in much of Missouri but is apparently absent from the bootheel portion of the state as well as the loess-rich northwest corner of the state.
L. squarrosa is easily recognized in the field by its grass-like leaves, squarrose phyllaries, and habitat. The pubescence of the stem, leaves, and involucre is variable in this species and different varieties exist. I won't go the varieties here but to see what typical plants look like in the southeastern U.S., click here.
Stems - To +60cm tall, erect, simple, single or multiple from a corm, herbaceous, glabrous to pilose (the hairs multicellular), terete, typically light green with darker vertical lines.
Leaves - Alternate, sessile, linear and grasslike, scabrous or not, glabrous to strigose hairy, entire, reduced upward, to +20cm long, 4-12mm broad. Veins of the leaves appearing parallel. Hairs multicellular as on the stem.
Inflorescence - Single, sessile flowerheads in the leaf axils.
Involucre - To +/-1.8cm long (tall), +/-7mm in diameter, cylindric or slightly wider near the base. Phyllaries imbricate, the longest to -1.5cm long, 2-4mm broad, glabrous to pubescent externally, glabrous internally, with ciliate margins apically, abruptly short acuminate to acuminate at the apex, often dark purple at the apex in strong sun. The apices of the phyllaries somewhat to greatly spreading (depending on the variety).
Ray flowers - Absent.
Disk flowers - 10-60 per flowerhead. Corolla green basally, purplish in the apical half, 5-lobed, to 1.4cm long (including the lobes), glabrous externally, pubescent internally. Lobes to +/-4mm long, -1mm broad, acute, linear, with punctate glands externally (use a lens to see). Stamens 5, adnate at the middle of the corolla tube. Filaments white, glabrous, -2mm long. Anthers brown, connate around the style, 3mm long, mostly included. Style white basally, purple in the apical half, glabrous, +/-2cm long total, divided in the apical half, well exserted beyond the corolla. Pappus of purplish plumose bristles to +/-9mm long, uniseriate. The shaft of the bristle is purple the plumose hairs are white. Achene in flower ribbed, +/-5mm long, +/-1.2mm broad, antrorse pubescent.
Flowering - June - September.
Habitat - Rocky and dry open woods, glades, rocky prairies, bluff ledges.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This striking species can be found in much of Missouri but is apparently absent from the bootheel portion of the state as well as the loess-rich northwest corner of the state.
L. squarrosa is easily recognized in the field by its grass-like leaves, squarrose phyllaries, and habitat. The pubescence of the stem, leaves, and involucre is variable in this species and different varieties exist. I won't go the varieties here but to see what typical plants look like in the southeastern U.S., click here.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月24日
Family - Asteraceae
Stems - Single or multiple from base, from a globose corm, erect, herbaceous, simple or branching at the apex, to -1m tall, 4-5mm in diameter, glabrous, light green, somewhat striate from decurrent leaf tissue.
Leaves - Basal leaves in a rosette, petiolate. Entire leaf to 40cm long. Petioles often purplish near the base. Blade linear, entire, deep green, glabrous abaxially, to +/-6mm broad. At least the midrib pubescent adaxially. Cauline leaves sessile, linear, pubescent as the basals, reduced upward, acute or often mucronate (with a minute yellowish-green apex). Upper cauline leaves often ciliate at the base.
Inflorescence - Determinant racemose arrangement of axillary pedunculate flower heads. Stems in inflorescence sparse pilose. Peduncles to +1.5cm long, often with a few bracts subtending the involucre, glabrous or with a few sparse pilose hairs.
Involucre - +/-2cm long, 6-7mm in diameter, cylindrical. Phyllaries imbricate, appressed, green, glabrous (some of the lower with a few cilia on margins), abruptly acuminate to rounded at the apex (the acuminate tip often lighter in color), with scarious margins except at the apex, 5-6mm broad. Uppermost phyllaries often with purplish margins.
Ray flowers - Absent.
Disk flowers - 10-60 per flower head. Corolla glabrous externally, pubescent internally, to 1.6cm long, 5-lobed, pink above, white below. Lobes attenuate, 4-5mm long, 1mm broad, pubescent internally. Stamens 5, adnate about 1/2 way up the corolla tube, mostly included. Filaments thin and translucent, +/-2mm long, glabrous. Anthers yellowish-brown, 3mm long, with scarious apices, weakly connate around the style. Style white, glabrous, deeply bifurcate, well exserted. Stigmas pinkish-purple, pubescent. Achenes (in flower) white, 5-6mm long, densely pubescent, with a dark ring at the apex, angled. Pappus of plumose bristles in a single series. Axis of bristles purplish, to 1cm long.
Flowering - July - September.
Habitat - Rocky open woods, prairies, glades, rocky ledges and bluffs.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This species is mainly found in the southeastern half of Missouri. It is a fairly easy species to ID because of its appressed phyllaries, cylindrical involucres, and linear leaves.
Stems - Single or multiple from base, from a globose corm, erect, herbaceous, simple or branching at the apex, to -1m tall, 4-5mm in diameter, glabrous, light green, somewhat striate from decurrent leaf tissue.
Leaves - Basal leaves in a rosette, petiolate. Entire leaf to 40cm long. Petioles often purplish near the base. Blade linear, entire, deep green, glabrous abaxially, to +/-6mm broad. At least the midrib pubescent adaxially. Cauline leaves sessile, linear, pubescent as the basals, reduced upward, acute or often mucronate (with a minute yellowish-green apex). Upper cauline leaves often ciliate at the base.
Inflorescence - Determinant racemose arrangement of axillary pedunculate flower heads. Stems in inflorescence sparse pilose. Peduncles to +1.5cm long, often with a few bracts subtending the involucre, glabrous or with a few sparse pilose hairs.
Involucre - +/-2cm long, 6-7mm in diameter, cylindrical. Phyllaries imbricate, appressed, green, glabrous (some of the lower with a few cilia on margins), abruptly acuminate to rounded at the apex (the acuminate tip often lighter in color), with scarious margins except at the apex, 5-6mm broad. Uppermost phyllaries often with purplish margins.
Ray flowers - Absent.
Disk flowers - 10-60 per flower head. Corolla glabrous externally, pubescent internally, to 1.6cm long, 5-lobed, pink above, white below. Lobes attenuate, 4-5mm long, 1mm broad, pubescent internally. Stamens 5, adnate about 1/2 way up the corolla tube, mostly included. Filaments thin and translucent, +/-2mm long, glabrous. Anthers yellowish-brown, 3mm long, with scarious apices, weakly connate around the style. Style white, glabrous, deeply bifurcate, well exserted. Stigmas pinkish-purple, pubescent. Achenes (in flower) white, 5-6mm long, densely pubescent, with a dark ring at the apex, angled. Pappus of plumose bristles in a single series. Axis of bristles purplish, to 1cm long.
Flowering - July - September.
Habitat - Rocky open woods, prairies, glades, rocky ledges and bluffs.
Origin - Native to U.S.
Other info. - This species is mainly found in the southeastern half of Missouri. It is a fairly easy species to ID because of its appressed phyllaries, cylindrical involucres, and linear leaves.
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