动态第213页 - 绿手指 - 养花技巧、花生病了怎么办、花园打理和设计

2018年05月14日

Potatoes are easy to grow, and the plants can be highly productive if grown under the best conditions. Oklahoma gardeners are fortunate to have a climate well-suited to growing potatoes, and starting your plants at the right time will help make sure your crop is a bountiful one. [图片]Time Frame Potatoes are considered cool-season vegetables. They are not particularly sensitive to frost, and can be planted earlier than more tender garden plants. You can plant potatoes from mid-February to mid-March. If you live in southern Oklahoma, you should plant during the earlier portion of this range. Considerations Potatoes grow best in soil that is well aerated, moist and well drained; avoid compacting the soil. A pH between 5.0 and 5.5 is ideal. Potatoes grow well in sunny conditions, but excessive heat and lack of moisture reduce yield. [图片]Sweet Potatoes Sweet potatoes are less hardy than regular potatoes, and should be planted between May 1 and June 20.

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Miss Chen

2018年05月14日

Grow fresh vegetables all year in Phoenix. The hot summer sun is a good thing for the right vegetables. Thoughtful garden design protects plants from too much sun. Irrigation and shade are key ingredients to enjoying the fruits and vegetables of your labor through summer's heat. [图片]Irrigation Irrigating vegetables is a balance of the right amount of water at the right time of day. Thorough watering early in the day provides a reservoir from which plants can draw through the heat of the day. Drip or soaker irrigation is preferred, because water droplets on vegetables or leaves turn into magnifying glasses concentrating sunlight and burning the plant. Overnight watering contributes to molds and soil-transmitted disease. Missing one day's irrigation can kill plants in the summer. Shade Peppers, corn, most tomatoes and melons thrive in the heat and sun all day long. Most herbs, basil is an exception, need shade from direct sunlight. Other vegetable plants, such as leeks and eggplant, also need protection from direct afternoon sun. Shade cloths, readily available in the Phoenix area, are easily installed over sensitive plants. Monsoon Protect plants from violent summer monsoons and their wind, hail and heavy rain by using poles, stakes or tomato cages to keep plants from breaking during the pummeling. Ensure shade cloth is well anchored and has wind flaps to reduce the chance of it sailing away in the storm. Dust Dust on leaves interferes with transpiration. Gently wash dust off leaves with a light spray late in the afternoon or early in the evening. Carefully apply water to leaves and avoid saturating below the soil surface. Mulch Mulch benefits the Phoenix vegetable garden by helping retain water and preventing weeds. Chunky mulch, such as a bark, allows airflow at ground level, depressing soil temperature and protecting roots. [图片]Container Gardens Direct sun turns containers into ovens, baking vegetable roots. Any plant in a container needs to be shaded, beginning at midmorning. Irrigate containers twice a day to maintain a cool soil temperature. Potted soil is less susceptible to disease allowing for the twice-a-day watering.

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Miss Chen

2018年05月14日

Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) are native to the Andean mountains, and well-suited to Colorado's rugged geography and varied climate. Colorado is the fifth to sixth largest producer of potatoes in the United States, with the San Luis Valley in southeastern Colorado producing 90 percent of Colorado's commercial potato crop. While not all of the more than 5,000 varieties preserved in Peru are available in Colorado, hundreds of varieties, from early to mid- to late season types, grow well in Colorado. [图片]When to Plant Potatoes are tubers and herbaceous perennials, hardy in U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 2 to 11. Plant potatoes four to six weeks before the last frost, when the ground temperature has warmed to 40 to 50 degrees Fahrenheit. In the San Luis Valley, parts of the Western Slope and other areas of Colorado with an elevation below 7,000 feet, plant potatoes in late April to early May. In more mountainous regions, wait until mid-May. Potatoes can withstand light frost, though it will kill emerging leaves. The leaves will grow back and the plant will continue to grow, though repeated freezing depletes reserves in the seed tubers. Site and Soil Choose a location where the potato plants will receive at least six hours of sunlight each day. Sandy, loamy soil with a pH of 4.8 to 5.5 is ideal, though some varieties will push through clay soils and most will tolerate a more alkaline pH level. Do not plant potatoes in the same location each year, and do not plant them where other nightshade family plants were grown the previous season. Nightshade family plants include tomatoes, eggplant and peppers. Choosing Potatoes Seed potatoes look just like the potatoes you eat, though potatoes from the grocery store may have been treated to prevent sprouting. You can replant potatoes you grew the previous year, but after one or two growing seasons, the potatoes will no longer produce well. Seed potato producers grow seed potato from the sprouts that emerge from potatoes. These sprouts are rooted and cultivated to produce the seed tuber. Any seed potato imported into Colorado must be certified as free of disease. [图片]How to Plant Seed potatoes that are 1 to 3 ounces, or about the size of an egg, can be planted whole. Cut larger seed potatoes into pieces of about the same size, as long as each piece has at least one or two "eyes" or sprouts. Handle seed potatoes carefully, taking care to not break off the emerging sprouts. Dig a trench 6 to 8 inches deep, and plant the seed potatoes or pieces 18 inches apart, in rows 2 feet apart. Cover them with 4 inches of soil. Water well and check the moisture level where the potatoes are growing to avoid overwatering. Potatoes can withstand less water, while too much may cause the tubers to rot or develop diseases. Sprouts should emerge in about two weeks; when they are 8 inches high, hill the plants by raking up soil from the sides of the bed to add another 4 inches of soil around each sprout. Repeat this hilling process every two to three weeks as the plants grow, taking care to not disturb the soil where the tubers are growing. Be sure to cover any tubers that push to the surface with soil.

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Miss Chen

2018年05月14日

Homegrown vegetables always have more flavor and taste than store-purchased products, including onions. Most homegrown onions start with seeds or what is called seed sets, but Egyptian and potato onion varieties can grow from vegetative parts of the original onion plant. Potato, or multiplier, onions form an underground compound bulb from the mother bulb. This compound bulb is composed of six to 12 individual onion bulbs. Egyptian onions, on the other hand, send up a shoot with tiny bulblets on top for planting. Gardeners primarily grow multipliers and Egyptian onion to harvest as green onions in the spring. They sometimes are known as winter onions. [图片]Step 1 Prepare the soil where you intend to plant the onions by adding organic matter in a ratio of one part organic matter to two parts soil. Work the mixture with a shovel into the plot at a depth of six to eight inches. Onions need a rich, loamy soil that will drain well. Step 2 Harvest the attached compound bulbs from the mother bulb for either type of onion. Carefully dig the multiplier onion's mother bulb from the ground and separate the attached smaller onion bulbs from it. Cut off the bulblet cluster from the center green stem on the Egyptian onion and separate the bulblets. Step 3 Plant bulbs or bulblets one to two inches deep and spaced three to five inches apart. Dig a hole for each onion piece, place the onion pointed end up, and cover it with the amended soil. Gently pat down the soil surface to eliminate air pockets and ensure good contact between the piece and the soil. [图片]Step 4 Apply a fertilize formulated to a 1-2-2 ratio, like 5-10-10, following the instructions, every four to six weeks until the first frost. In the spring, apply one more feeding when the temperatures begin to warm. Onions are heavy feeder and require additional supplements of phosphorus and potassium, but overfeeding can produce soft bulbs or burn plants. Step 5 Apply three to six inches of mulch over the planted onions in colder climates when the temperatures drop to freezing to protect growing onions. Remove the mulch once temperatures warm in the spring.

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Miss Chen

2018年05月14日

You've done all the work to get them in the ground and keep them healthy as they grow. When the harvest comes in, how do you know it's the perfect time to pick your glowing yellow squash from its home in the garden? Knowing when to bring the squash inside so that you can enjoy the fruits of your labor is a matter of knowing color, firmness and length. This information can also help you pick the best vegetables at the grocery store or the farmer's market. [图片]Peak Performance Picking squash at its peak ensures the highest level of freshness, crispness and flavor. Yellow squash is ready to pick when it is still young and firmly attached to the vine. It should feel firm and rather heavy for its size. The skin should be a bright hue and have a healthy consistency. Soft spots or withered areas could mean you have a watering issue. If caught early, the taste and texture of the vegetable should not be diversely affected. If the stem begins to wilt, again look at your water rates and adjust. Don't pick fruit before they get to at least 4 inches in length. They can grow as large as 8 inches or more, so check the heft to know when it is ready to remove from the vine. Growing Season Squash should be ripe 50 to 60 days after a seedling is planted in warm spring soil. It will continue to blossom and provide vegetables throughout the summer. You may want to protect the vines with a shade cloth during the hottest parts of the season. Check the crop regularly so you don't miss out on peak picking time. This can also alert you to birds, pests or animals that have found your yield and are attempting to take some for themselves or damage your growing garden. [图片]Tips and Tricks Sometimes, it is hard to know when it is too late and the vegetable has gone bad. It can look fresh but taste mealy. Don't let the squash get too long or heavy as it will affect the flavor. A good rule is to harvest vegetables three to four times a week, letting the fruit ripen naturally. Unlike some other crops, such as tomatoes and avocados, squash doesn't ripen as well once it has been picked. If it droops into the dirt, you may want to prop up the ripening vegetable in order to keep it away from pest and rot. If you can't scratch the skin of the squash with your fingernail, it is overripe.

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Miss Chen

2018年05月14日

雅乐之舞喜阳光充足和温暖、干燥，通风较好的环境。耐干旱，忌阴湿和寒冷。雅乐之舞叶片上的斑锦色彩会减退，同时茎节之间的距离拉长，使植株松散，不紧凑，影响观赏。下面就具体分析一下它斑锦色彩减退的原因及防治措施。 [图片]雅乐之舞叶子斑锦褪色原因分析通风不良因为雅乐之舞喜好干燥的环境，所以平时不注意通风，会使整个环境潮湿，这样雅乐之舞无法呼吸换气，依旧会引起叶子上面的斑锦褪色。浇水过量雅乐之舞喜好阳光充足和温暖、通风较好，而且干燥的生长环境；所以当你浇水的时候，如果浇水过多，就会影响植株的生长，其中就会使叶子上面的斑锦渐渐褪色，最后完全消失。光照不充足在光照良好的条件下雅乐之舞可以正常生长，当然在半阴以及散射光照下，同样可以生长。不过在半阴散射光下，叶片上的斑锦色彩会褪色。而且会拉长茎干，使植株松散，影响美观度。 [图片]雅乐之舞叶子斑锦褪色防治雅乐之舞叶子上面的斑锦为叶子增添了很多吗，美丽，如果褪色就会影响叶子的美观。防治措施防治措施可以依据斑锦褪色的原因：注意平时的通风，不要直对风口即可。浇水要适量，可以按盆土的干湿度浇水，保持盆土半干半湿或者轻微干就可以了。当然雅乐之舞喜好干燥的环境，所以也可以一周浇一次水。一定要放在光照充足的地方养护，每天保证7小时的光照时间，但注意不要暴晒，强光直射。

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Miss Chen

2018年05月14日

很多人喜欢在家养多肉植物盆栽，因为都肉植物实在是很可爱而且种类繁多。不过，多肉植物养护起来需要格外的用细心，一不小心就容易烂根，那么多肉植物根烂了怎么办呢？多肉烂根怎么办？ [图片]多肉烂根原因分析首先找到烂根的原因，盆底无洞以及频繁浇水，土壤不透气，导致多肉盆内积水，于是多肉烂根黑腐坏。多肉烂根在一定程度上是浇水过多，或者是施肥过多造成的根系腐烂。当然造成多肉烂根的原因是多方面的，土质的单一也会造成腐烂，如果土透气，那么多余的水就会流下去，不会造成水淹，尤其是在夏季多雨的季节。水如果浇多了，会在一定程度上造成植物根系缺氧导致多肉烂根，还有就是浇水后通风不好，也是造成多肉烂根的原因。 [图片]多肉烂根处理方法 1、如果烂根情况比较轻微，可以用剪刀将烂掉的根系清理干净，注意，一丝一毫的烂根都不能留下。然后在伤口处涂抹多菌灵进行杀菌，根部晾干伤口后上盆。以后注意不能让盆内积水，干透才浇，浇则浇透。 2、如果烂根情况稍微偏严重，可以将叶片轻轻地剪下，将完全健康的叶片平放在土层表面，15天之后就可以生根发芽；也可以采用斜插法，这样出芽稍慢，能保证根系直接插入土中。要注意在这段时间，要避免强光，放在散光处甚至隐蔽处最为合适。 3、如果根茎都已经腐烂到很严重的程度，你可以截下半截多肉，重新扦插，作为一颗新的植株重新生长。最后，为了防止烂根，你可以在盆的底部铺上铺地石，如陶粒、火山岩，或者煤渣，方便根部透气。

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Miss Chen

2018年05月14日

不夜城芦荟是常见的桌面小盆栽之一，养护可以说是完全没有难度，只要不是盆土长期潮湿（大半月），或者盆土长期干燥（两三月），植株基本不会死亡。适合室内明亮处养护，也可放在窗台半日照，甚至全日照露养都可以，过量光照可以使不夜城芦荟叶片变色。浇水，可快干透再浇透，也可以干透几天后再再浇透，非常随意。种植不夜城芦荟的配土也很随意，任何种植多肉植物的配土都可以，甚至园土也行，也有用来水培。但是在养殖不夜城过程中，也会碰到不少问题，比如不夜城根部腐烂的问题，叶片变软等问题，下面收集了不夜城烂根的三种原因及解决方法。 [图片]不夜城烂根的原因 1、不夜城烂根：浇水不当不夜城比较耐旱，之所以会烂根，可能是浇水不当。夏天要充分供水，其他季节要节制浇水，并且要注意盆土的排水是否通畅，或有无积水。基本上只要保持土壤湿润即可。浇水太多会导致积水，使根部腐烂。 2、不夜城烂根：施肥不当不夜城烂根可能也与施肥有关。不夜城的适应性良好，不需要过多施肥，一般在生长期每月2－3次，并要施薄肥。其他要按季节来确定要不要施肥，但夏冬季节最好不要施肥，尤其是伏天，以免烂根。 3、不夜城烂根：土壤不夜城喜欢生长在排水性能良好，不易板结的疏松的土质中，排水透气性不良的土质会造成不夜城根部呼吸受阻，烂根坏死，使不夜城生长不良。 [图片]不夜城烂根解决方法 1、要经常观察不夜城的生长状况，植株状态不好时，检查根部。 2、发现不夜城烂根，将烂了的那一部分根切除，然后把整棵不夜城从盆里挖出来在太阳下晒，直到它根部晾干，长好“伤口”以后再继续种就可以了。上面提到不夜城芦荟烂根的三个原因及处理方法，这些方法都是经过实践检验的，实用性和参考价值非常高。需要花友们在日常管理中及时发现不夜城芦荟烂根的相关症状做到及早发现及早预防，只有这样你种植的不夜城芦荟才能正常生长。

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Miss Chen

2018年05月14日

如果你找个大夫问他说：“大夫我咳嗽了，请问我得了什么病？”大夫百分百的不会直接回答你，而是要问这问那，然后帮你做一大堆检查，最后才告诉你，你是喝水喝呛了。同样的，你若问我：多肉植物掉叶子，怎么回事？我也无法以直接回答你。所以今天就总结出三个主要因素导致多肉掉叶子。 [图片]多肉植物掉叶子原因一：黑腐病经过大量的调查发现，花友的多肉掉叶子十之八九是黑腐病，具体的症状有，一觉醒来发现多肉掉了很多叶子;叶子轻轻一碰就掉；掉的叶子上有化水的情况(有的时候叶子看起来正常)。这些都是黑腐病的特点，比较前期的时候是看不出根茎有黑腐的症状的，需要切开才能发现，后期的时候就比较容易判断了。防治办法如果是黑腐病导致多肉植物掉叶子那么需要尽早的砍头扦插，这样或许还有的救，后期基本就没得救了。多肉植物掉叶子原因二：正常的新陈代谢这个比较容易判断，这种情况，大多只有底部的叶子掉，而且叶子叶子皱，不容易掉。 [图片]多肉掉叶子原因三：水大过涝如果仅仅是因为水大了，那么很庆幸还没有发展到黑腐，因为水大的时候80%都会伴随着黑腐。防治办法这个时候需要通风，尽量的保持土壤干燥，比如用卫生纸吸干土壤水分，增加空气流动等，严重的，可以重新换盆。

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Miss Chen

2018年05月14日

量天尺喜温暖湿润、阳光不太强的生长环境。适应于富含腐殖质、透水性能良好的沙壤土，忌粘重、贫疮积水的土质。量天尺不耐寒。在华南温暖地区。可露地栽植。在北方冷凉地区。冬季应有保暖措施。才能安全越冬。在保持土壤相对干燥的情况下，可耐4-8℃低温。 [图片]量天尺烂根原因分析 1、土壤不符导致烂根量天尺对土壤的要求虽然不严，一般的培养土就能良好地生长。但是有一点就是土壤要疏松，透气，排水性要好。否则就会导致量天尺根部呼吸不畅，或是盆内有积水，以致烂根。 2、施肥不当导致烂根量天尺施肥要讲究技巧，用肥不能过浓，过量，以免造成肥害而导致烂根。一般以薄施勤肥为佳。冬季休眠期，要停止施肥。因为气温较低时根系生长处于缓慢状态，所施肥料不能被根系所吸收，反而会妨碍根的正常吸收，严重时便会烂根。 3、浇水过多导致烂根当量天尺浇水过多时，盆内过于湿润，根部呼吸不畅，容易导致量天尺烂根。 [图片]量天尺烂根解决方法 1、量天尺烂根时必须及时将腐烂的部分削掉，留下健康的部分，重新扦插。将伤口消毒，然后置于阴凉通风处晾晒2～3天，再用消毒过的净沙和花盆扦插。 2、将量天尺插入沙土里，浇一次透水，此后便要干透浇透，注意不能淋雨。 3、量天尺重新扦插后，要求放在通风处并接受充分光照。温度保持在25～30℃即可，不要施肥。约在30天至40天，即可长出新的根系。 4、在平时要注意做好量天尺的日常养护，合理浇水施肥，平时要注意多观察量天尺的生长状况，观察有没有烂根或虫害的情况，及时发现病变并作出应对措施。

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