动态第967页 - 绿手指 - 养花技巧、花生病了怎么办、花园打理和设计

2017年08月10日

Confederate roses grow on bush-like trees that are quite unlike most standard rose bushes. These plants grow best in the southern states of the U.S., which is where they got their name. The blooms are born in a bright white, and gradually fade into pink and then to blue. They resemble hibiscus flowers more than standard roses. These rose bushes are very successful at growing from cuttings. Take a cutting from an established Confederate rose bush and grow your own. [图片]Step 1 Take your rose cutting from an established plant, at the end of the growing season in fall. Cut 12-inch lengths of rose cane, using sharp pruning shears. Step 2 Cut the leaves off the Confederate rose cane, leaving only the two last leaves on the end of the stem. Cut the leaves at their base, but do not cut into the stem itself. Step 3 Fill a quart jar with water. Place the rose stem in the jar, root side down. Set the jar in a sunny window. Roots should form on the stem within a couple weeks. Step 4 Transplant the newly rooted Confederate rose into new pots when the roots have grown to about 2 inches. Use 6-inch pots, filled with a rich potting soil. Keep the rose in the sun as often as possible, to increase its growth. At this stage, water the roses once a week to keep the soil moist but not wet. [图片]Step 5 Keep the rose bush inside and treat it as one of your houseplants until April, when it will be ready to go outdoors into your rose garden.

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Miss Chen

2017年08月10日

Knockout roses are a group of hybrid shrub roses bred for wide climate tolerance and significant resistance to disease and insect pests. Unlike traditional rose pruning, Knockout rose shrubs perform better when sheared down each year in the spring. They are also self-cleaning so they do not require dead heading, which adds to their low maintenance. [图片]Annual Pruning Pruning Knockout roses should be done once a year in the early spring or after the last hard frost has passed in your region. Even significant or harsh pruning in the early spring will not inhibit bloom in the current year. Knockout shrubs will easily rebound from their spring pruning with prolific bloom in the late spring, summer and fall until the first hard frost occurs. [图片]Pruning Technique Annual pruning of Knockout roses is most easily done with a clean and sharp pair of long-blade scissor shears or loppers. Unlike traditional rose pruning that requires cane by cane cuts, Knockout roses neither require nor perform well with this style of pruning. Lopping off up to one-third of the rose shrub volume and bringing the height down to between one and two feet over the crown of the plant is ideal. Make a flat-top cut with the tool blades held parallel to the shrub top. Clearing up all of the clippings and debris from the soil surface will help to keep disease and pests from establishing themselves and leave a clean surface for fertilizer and mulch applications.

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Miss Chen

2017年08月10日

Growing roses from cuttings is relatively simple. However, not all roses are appropriate for dividing. Some of the newer hybrid roses must be grafted by a professional. Antique or "old roses" are especially easy to propagate. Late summer and early fall are the ideal times to make cuttings, but almost any time of the year will work. [图片]Step 1 Choose a strong cane that has four to five leaves. The cane should be disease-free and insect-free. The cutting needs to be 6 to 8 inches. Trim the top of the cutting at a 45-degree angle and at the bottom of the cutting trim another 45-degree angle just below a side branch, leaving a "heel" at the base. Place in water. Step 2 Mix one part perlite or vermiculite and one part potting soil, and fill a peat pot or 6-inch plastic container. Step 3 Remove the lower leaves and keep at least two at the top. With a gloved hand, press against each thorn and pop it off, careful not to damage the buds. Make a narrow, 1-inch wound on each side of the base of the cutting. [图片]Step 4 Punch a hole in the center of the prepared pot. Dip the cutting in the rooting hormone, and insert it into the pot. Firm the soil and water with a fine spray. Label the cutting with the name of the rose and date. Step 5 Cut two lengths of wire long enough to make an arch over the pot and form a frame for your "greenhouse." Insert the pot into the plastic bag and secure it with a tie. Step 6 Place the pot in a warm, bright location, but avoid direct sunlight. Keep the soil moist. When new leaves appear, you will know that the cutting has grown roots. This process usually takes five to eight weeks. Step 7 Transfer the rooted cutting to an 8-inch or larger pot filled with organic potting soil. Make sure all the roots are covered. Add a slow-release fertilizer to the soil. Keep the plant in cool shade for one to two weeks, then gradually expose it to direct sunlight for several hours a day. Make several slits in the plastic bag and expose the plant for a few days, allowing it to become slightly dryer before transplanting. Transplant to your garden in about six months.

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Miss Chen

2017年08月10日

Roses are a traditional and very elegant flower. Rose bushes can be grown from potted plants or cuttings of existing rose bushes. [图片]Features Roses grow on rose bushes that can range from miniature (one foot tall) to very large (up to five feet tall). They can also be of climbing varieties, with long stems that act like vines. Rose blooms come in a wide variety of colors. Rooting Rose Cuttings Rose cuttings are pieces of rose stem that are cut from existing rose plants. An ideal rose cutting is at least 12 inches long. These cuttings can be placed root-side down in jars of water to take root. Transplanting Rose Cuttings Once a rose cutting has rooted, that cutting is transplanted to a pot or to the outdoors for growing. [图片]Lifespans Rose bushes can be kept indoors as potted plants or taken outside and planted in the garden. Healthy rose bushes can last up to 50 years. Considerations Roses suffer from exposure to cold and improper pruning techniques. When gardeners are rooting and growing roses, it's important that they consider their region's temperature and water availability to choose the best variety of rose bush.

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Miss Chen

2017年08月10日

There are many varieties of roses but they all need similar habitats from the soil, and mother nature to survive. If they are tended to and cared for properly, they will thrive for many years without being transplanted. [图片]Sunshine Roses will grow in a wide variety of applications but they do best in an open, sunny location. Water Roses need lots of water. In the absence of rain, ample watering is necessary to insure a healthy plant. Soil The soil should be slightly acidic, and have adequate drainage. Place rocks and pebbles underneath the bed. This will allow drainage for the plant. Moisture retention is also important. Try a ground covering of cedar chips or mulch to hold in the moisture. Fertilizer Roses like a rich soil. Decaying matter also raises the acidic level of the soil. And roses like that too. Obviously too much isn't good either. Once a year applications are sufficient. But heavy clay and sandy soils need extra fertilizer. Perhaps one half by volume (depending on the soil). Pruning It is best to prune just before new growth begins and as the buds begin to swell. Be sure that you are past the frost season or the newly pruned tips may become damaged. Pruning should also be done with sharp pruning shears to avoid damage to the plant.

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Miss Chen

2017年08月10日

It's alarming when your rose bushes (Rosa spp.) develop ragged-looking leaves. Leaf-chewing insects can affect not only the appearance but the health of the rose. Be watchful to find damage early and to locate the responsible insect, looking underneath leaves and checking at different times. After pest identification, avoid pesticides for control if possible, since beneficial insects shelter in rose foliage. Hybrid tea roses (Rosa x hybrida) grow in U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 4 through 9, although cultivars can vary. [图片]Red roses. Leafcutter bees make conspicuous holes in rose leaves. About honeybee size, nonaggressive leafcutter bees are gray and fast-flying. A female bee lands on a leaf edge, slices off a semicircular leaf piece, rolls it up and flies off with it. Leaf pieces line her nest in a hollow stem. Leafcutter bees are valuable pollinators and shouldn't be harmed. If your roses are in danger of defoliation, exclude the bees with cheesecloth or tulle draped over the rose bushes. Sawfly Larvae Commonly called rose slugs, these pests are immature forms of a wasp relative that doesn't sting. One species looks wet and shiny, while others resemble green caterpillars. Young larvae skeletonize leaves, leaving veins behind as they eat the soft tissues. Older larvae eat holes in the leaves. Look for them on leaf undersides mostly in the spring. Pick them off or knock them loose with a stick or a stream of water. They can't climb back onto the plant. [图片]Moth Larvae Although caterpillars aren't common pests of roses, some moth larvae eat rose leaves, including the eastern tent caterpillar, corn earworm, inchworms, the stinging rose caterpillar and the puss caterpillar. You can hand-pick caterpillars except for the stinging rose caterpillar and the puss caterpillar, which have toxic hairs and shouldn't be handled. Leafroller caterpillars eat young rose leaves and shelter in rolled-up older leaves fastened together with silk. Natural parasites and predators usually keep leafrollers in check. Beetle Types In addition to eating leaves, beetles also eat rose flowers. The rose chafer, a tan beetle about 3/8-inch long, feeds for about three to four weeks in spring. Pick beetles off the foliage or temporarily put tulle over valued rose bushes. The fuller rose beetle eats at night. This brown wingless weevil chews jagged holes and generally doesn't do lasting harm. Put a 6-inch-wide band of sticky tape around the rose's trunk to keep them from the leaves. Colored metallic copper and green, 1/2-inch-long Japanese beetles can be plentiful in summer. Handpick them, dropping them into soapy water to drown. Japanese beetle traps can lower populations, but they should be at least 50 feet away from the roses. Low-Toxicity Treatment For heavy infestations of all these pests except for leafcutter bees, try a control agent with low biotoxicity such as neem oil, also called azadiractin. Wear gloves, long pants, long sleeves and shoes and socks. Mix 2 tablespoons of 70 percent neem oil with a gallon of water. Spray it on leaves and stems, including leaf undersides, wetting all surfaces thoroughly. Shake the container frequently to mix the spray, and use freshly prepared neem oil. Don't spray heat-stressed plants or young growth. Apply during the early morning or late evening every seven days until symptoms disappear, and then apply every 14 days.

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Miss Chen

2017年08月10日

Without seeing the foliage or the plant's growth pattern, you can often identify the type of a rose (Rosa spp.) type, if not its cultivar, by examining and smelling the cut flower. Beginning with about 150 species of the genus, their descendants now number more than 14,000 varieties. Crossbreeding has produced almost infinite combinations of flower characteristics. Therefore, any gardener should be able to select a rose to grow, regardless of his climate or favorite rose attributes. [图片]Rosebush The shape and size of a rose blossom gives the first impression of the type of rose you are viewing. Since 1867, when the hybrid tea rose was introduced, these aristocratic blooms have become the rose standard. Recognizable by their conical shape and high, pointed centers, hybrid teas also feature a single flower on a long stem. Old roses, those grown before the development of the hybrid tea, tend to grow in clusters and often have a flattish, rosette flower shape. Other rose petals are cupped, either bending upward or downward. The English shrub rose "Molineux" resembles a round ball of petals. Grow it in U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 5b to 10. Flower sizes range roughly from the climber "Mermaid's" 5-inch blooms to 7/8-inch flowers on the miniature "Popcorn." While the former thrives in USDA zones 7 to 10, the latter requires zones 5 to 9. Color Although pink flowers dominate the rose world, varieties now come in all colors except blue and black. Only as breeders began to develop hybrid tea roses did yellow, orange and true red flowers become available. Old roses had a limited palette of whites, pinks, purples and dark reds. Today, blendings of two or more colors are commonplace. Petals may be striped or speckled, or their top and underside may boast different colors. Plus, flower colors that change, intensifying or lightening, as the buds mature into open blossoms no longer surprise. [图片]Fragrance Along with the pollinators they are designed to attract, humans enjoy the variety of fragrances roses release. Common rose scents include apple, honey, clove, musk, anise, banana, orange, violet and raspberry. Considered more fragrant than modern roses, old roses carry signature scents according to their classification. Gallica roses, treasured for potpourris, have intense, spicy aromas, while damask roses sport fruity perfumes. When cultivars with unrelated fragrances are crossed, their offspring generally lack any noticeable scent. Glands on the lower petal surfaces, as well as leaf surfaces in some varieties, release fragrance, especially on warm, humid days. Petal Count In the beginning, most roses had single flowers, composed of five petals. Obviously, rose blossoms now usually far exceed five petals. Roses with nine to 16 petals fall into the semi-double class. Seventeen to 25 petals on a rose denotes a double flower. Full is the designation for a flower with 26 to 40 petals, and very full refers to any rose featuring over 40, up to 150, petals. Actually, these roses still only possess five true petals. The remaining petaloids are modified stamens, producers of the flower's male pollen. This means that very full rose blooms probably have few to no functional stamens, making them sterile as male parents. Since such plants seldom perpetuate themselves in nature, rosarians must cultivate them in the laboratory.

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Miss Chen

2017年08月10日

The world's obsession with roses as symbols of love and devotion has been around for thousands of years. From Europe to China to the Middle East, roses grow all over the world. In great demand, many different types and colors of roses have been cultivated. For those who want to say something with the flowers they give, roses have special meanings assigned to each color. [图片]History Ever since the Roman Empire, roses have been used to communicate feelings. However, according to Rose Works, the meaning of roses has changed over the centuries. Some cultures offered different meanings than others. During the Victorian era, roses began to represent hidden messages because of social restrictions on what was permissible to be spoken in public. Meaning Studies of Love states that cream-colored roses are associated with charm, thoughtfulness and gracefulness. Cream-colored roses also represent richness and perfection, according to What Roses Mean. Significance Because a cream-colored rose does not signify love or passion, it is a rose that can be used for many different occasions. If a person simply wants to tell a friend that he is charming or that his thoughtfulness is appreciated, a cream-colored rose sends the message without indicating romantic feelings. [图片]Uses Cream-colored roses can be paired with pink "thank you" roses. This would be a perfect gift to a hostess who has shown thoughtfulness in inviting you into her home. Or consider giving them to a loved one who may be lonely or going through a hard time as a gesture that she is charming to you. Don't forget to include a note explaining the meaning of the roses you are giving. Types For those interested in growing their own symbols of charm and thoughtfulness, there are many varieties of cream-colored roses. Remember that a cream-colored rose is not quite the same as a white rose; they are considered different varieties (and mean different things). Some of these roses will vary in creaminess with hues of yellow, pink, or white mixed in. Some good varieties to try are Irish Hope (which is a mix between a yellow and a cream), Lion's Fairy Tale, Cream Abundance, or French Lace.

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Miss Chen

2017年08月10日

Growing roses from cuttings is an inexpensive and easy way to grow a new rose. It is also the best way to replicate a favorite or antique rose, as the new rose will be identical to the parent plant. Increase your chances of success by taking four or five cuttings, as not all cuttings will root successfully. Take rose cuttings any time of year from stems that have just finished blooming. [图片]Step 1 Use clean, sharp pruners to cut a to 8-inch tip from a rose stem that has recently finished blooming. Remove the wilted bloom or hip and strip off all the leaves. Cut the bottom of the stem at an angle to remind you which end should be planted. Keep the cuttings in a cool, shady place until you're ready to plant them. Step 2 Fill a container with commercial potting soil that has been dampened ahead of time. Any container will work, as long as the container has drainage holes in the bottom. Step 3 Dip the angled end of the stem in powdered rooting hormone. Plant the stem in the potting mixture, with the bottom half of the stem buried in the soil. Several stem cuttings can be planted in the same container, as long as they aren't touching. Step 4 Put a clear plastic bag over the container and secure the bag around the container with a rubber band. Place a bent wire clothes hanger or some small sticks in the bag to prevent the bag from dropping down on the cuttings. [图片]Step 5 Place the container in bright sunlight away from hot, sunny windows. Check the potting soil daily. Although the plastic will keep the environment in the bag damp for up to several weeks, the potting soil should be misted immediately whenever it feels dry to the touch. The soil should be damp, but never dripping. Step 6 Allow the cuttings to grow until the following spring. At that time, plant each cutting in a 5 to 6-inch pot and allow the cuttings to grow for a few more weeks, or plant them directly into the garden. The rose cuttings should be planted where they will be in sunlight for at least six to eight hours per day. Keep the soil damp.

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Miss Chen

2017年08月10日

Best described as any rose not created through hybridization, wild roses are just that--wild. Out of 20,000 known species of roses, only 100 are true wild roses. Also called species roses, wild roses only bloom in the early summer. Throughout the remaining growing season, wild roses are flower free, displaying only their deep green foliage. Care of wild rose bushes is minimal, since they are cold hardy and self-sufficient. [图片]Step 1 Plant wild roses in soil with a pH between 6.0 and 6.5. Wild rose bushes will thrive in their preferred soil pH. If you do not know the pH of your soil, test it with a soil testing kit purchased from a garden center. Step 2 Amend the soil before planting if necessary. If the soil test reveals a pH below 6.0, mix in lime with the soil. If the pH of the soil is above 6.5, mix in peat moss. Add the required amendment according to label instructions. Step 3 Plant the wild roses in front of a fence so that they can climb. Keep in mind that wild roses lose their leaves in the winter, but do not die down to the soil level. Therefore, plant them in an area where they will not end up accidentally mowed down come fall. Step 4 Water the wild roses generously after planting. Use a soaker hose that will provide deep watering. Keep the soil moist around the wild roses for the first growing season, watering at a rate of 1 inch per week. Once established, the wild roses will only require watering during droughts. [图片]Step 5 Prune dead wood from the wild roses after the winter thaw. If you live in USDA hardiness zone 6 or lower, your wild roses will probably experience some die-back on the tips of their stems. Simply cut this dead wood off with a pair of pruning shears in the spring.

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