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2017年08月06日

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BOTANICAL NAME: Beta vulgaris PLANT TYPE: Vegetable SUN EXPOSURE: Full SunPart Sun SOIL TYPE: LoamySandy SOIL PH: Neutral Beets are a cool season vegetable crop. This root veggie grows quickly and has many different varieties, which showcase deep red, yellow, or white bulbs of different shapes. Beets can survive frost and almost freezing temperatures, which makes them a great choice for northern gardeners and an excellent long-season crop.

PLANTING A soil pH above 5.5–6 is best, otherwise growth will be stunted. Beets are a good indicator of soil pH. Till in aged manure before planting. Beets require especially good nutrition and a high phosphorus level to germinate. Go easy on nitrogen however, an excess will cause sprawling greens and tiny bulbs beneath the soil. Wait until soil reaches 50°F before planting. Plant seeds ½ inch deep and 1-2 inches apart. Make sure soil remains moist for germination. In zones with low moisture and rainfall, soak the seeds for 24 hours before planting. Early crop can be planted in March/April, and late crop anytime from June to September. Successive plantings are also possible as long as the weather doesn’t exceed 75°F. Space plantings about 20 days apart. Winter crops are a definite possibility in Zone 9 and above.

CARE Thinning is necessary, as you may get more than one seedling out of each seed. Thin when they reach about 2 inches high by pinching them off. Pulling them out of the ground may disturb the roots of nearby seedlings. Established plants should be thinned to 3–4 inches between plants. Mulch and water well. Beets need to maintain plenty of moisture. Any necessary cultivation should be gentle, beets have shallow roots that are easily disturbed.

PESTS/DISEASES Flea Beetles Leaf Hoppers Mexican Bean Beetles

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2017年08月06日

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BOTANICAL NAME: Phaseolus vulgaris PLANT TYPE: Vegetable SUN EXPOSURE: Full Sun SOIL TYPE: Loamy Green beans are delicious eaten fresh off the plant or incorporated into a recipe. The main difference between bush and pole beans is the plants’ growing styles: bush beans tend to grow more compactly and do not require support, while pole beans will vine and need to be grown up stakes or trellises. Bush beans generally require less maintenance and are easier to grow, but pole beans typically yield more beans and are very disease resistant.

PLANTING Pole beans will grow as a climbing vine that may reach up to 15 feet tall. Therefore, pole beans require a trellis or staking. Bush beans will spread up to 2 feet, but do not require support. Watch this video to learn how to support beans properly. Do not start seeds indoors; they may not survive transplanting. Seeds can be sown outdoors anytime after the last spring frost; minimum soil temperature is 48 degrees F. Plant 1 inch deep in normal soil, and a little deeper for sandier soils. Cover soil to warm if necessary. Bush beans: Plant 2 inches apart. Pole beans: Set up trellises, or “cattle panels,” and plant 3 inches apart. If you like pole beans, an easy support for them is a “cattle panel”—a portable section of wire fence—16 feet long and 5 feet tall. The beans will climb with ease and you won’t have to get into contorted positions to pick them. For a harvest that lasts all summer, sow beans every 2 weeks. If you’re going to be away, skip a planting. Beans do not wait for anyone. Rotate crops each year.

CARE Mulch soil to retain moisture; make sure that it is well-drained. Water regularly, from start of pod to set. Water on sunny days so foliage will not remain soaked. Beans require normal soil fertility. Only fertilize where levels are low. Begin after heavy bloom and set of pods. Use a light hand when applying high-nitrogen fertilizer, or you will get lush foliage and few beans. Weed diligently and use shallow cultivation to prevent disturbing the root systems.

PESTS/DISEASES Aphids Mexican Bean Beetles Japanese Beetles Cucumber Beetles White Mold Mosaic Viruses Woodchucks Cutworms Bean blossoms will drop from the plant if the weather is too hot, and too much nitrogen in the soil will prevent pods from setting.

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2017年08月06日

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BOTANICAL NAME: Asparagus officinalis PLANT TYPE: Vegetable SUN EXPOSURE: Full Sun SOIL TYPE: Sandy SOIL PH: Slightly Acidic to Neutral Asparagus is a perennial bulb and stem vegetable that greets us every spring. Here’s how to grow asparagus in your garden. Asparagus plants may take 2 to 3 years to truly get started and produce, so patience is needed! But then again, the plant can be productive up to 20 years, so we think it’s worth the wait. Asparagus has male and female plants, with the female plants producing berries. Regions with cool winters are best for this cool-season crop.

PLANTING Asparagus is planted in early spring as soon as the soil can be worked. The plant is grown from “crowns” (1-year-old plants). Eliminate all weeds from the bed, digging it over and working in a 2- to 4-inch layer of compost, manure or soil mix. (Learn more about soil amendments and preparing soil for planting.) Dig trenches of about 6 inches wide and 6 to 12 inches deep. Some experts believe shallow trenches of 6 inches are best. Asparagus does not like to have its feet “wet,” so be sure your bed has good drainage. For that reason, raised beds can be a good place to plant asparagus. Learn how to make a raised garden bed. Create a mound in the trench and plant the crowns 15 to 18 inches apart, spreading the roots over the ridge. Cover the roots and crowns with soil 2 inches deep and water thoroughly. As the stems grow, fill in the rest of the trench with soil, leaving 3 to 4 inches of the stem exposed. For more planting tips, see our page on growing asparagus from seed.

CARE When the trench is filled, add a 4 to 8 inch layer of mulch and water regularly. Do not harvest the spears in the first year, but cut down dead foliage in late fall and side-dress with compost. During the second year, keep the bed thickly mulched, side-dress in spring and early fall, and cut down dead foliage in late fall.

PESTS/DISEASES Asparagus beetles Cutworms Slugs Crown rot Rust Asparagus is considered a deer-resistant plant, so plant it near more susceptible crops.

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2017年08月06日

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BOTANICAL NAME: Zebrina Pendula or Tradescantia Albiflora PLANT TYPE: Houseplant SUN EXPOSURE: Part Sun Wandering Jews (Tradescantias) are valued for their stripes of white, green, silver, and purple colors in their leaves. They have trailing vines that flow from it’s base and are very easy to care for.

PLANTING Grow in all-purpose potting mix in either a pot or hanging basket. Select a location that delivers medium to bright light. The room temperature should be between 55 and 75 degrees F.

CARE Water completely and allow the soil to dry before watering again. You can water less during the winter months of its resting period. Provide fertilizer twice a month. You can re-root the long stem tips by cutting in the spring and summer. Just make sure the stems are 3 inches long and the plant will root within 3 weeks.

PESTS/DISEASES Aphids tend to be a problem on the stems and leaves. To rid of them, pinch off the infected stems and spray the plant with water.

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2017年08月06日

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BOTANICAL NAME: Chlorophytum Comosum PLANT TYPE: Houseplant SUN EXPOSURE: Part Sun SOIL TYPE: Any FLOWER COLOR: White Spider Plants or Airplane Plants produce arched green and pale yellow stems that extend to be 12-18 inches long. When less than a year old, Spider Plants may produce tiny white flowers during the summer. These easy-to-grow plants look especially nice in a hanging basket.

PLANTING Grow in soil-based potting mix in bright to moderate sunlight, but not directly facing hot sun. Maintain average room temperature and humidity.

CARE During growth, water occasionally; once fully developed (within one year), water moderately. In the spring and summer months keep the soil moist. Do not let soil dry out. Fertilize twice a month in the spring and summer, however, avoid overfertilization.

PESTS/DISEASES Prone to tip burn from dry soil or salt and fluoride found in some public water. Keep the soil slightly moist. Avoid using fluoridated water. To rid of the brown discs on leaves, use your fingernail to remove the brown residue every few days.

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2017年08月06日

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BOTANICAL NAME: Beaucarnea Recurvata PLANT TYPE: Houseplant SUN EXPOSURE: Full SunPart Sun Ponytail Palms are a great, long-lived indoor plant. (Despite it’s name and palm-like appearance, it’s not a true “palm.”) This plant has long green leathery stems that develop as the plant ages. Indoors, they can reach up to 3 feet high. The only thing that is difficult about this plant is adapting to its watering needs.

PLANTING Use a fast draining soil, such as cactus potting soil. Normal room temperature is good for most of the year, but keep it cooler in the winter (50 to 55° F). Find a location with bright light.

CARE Keep soil fairly dry. Water from spring through fall allowing soil to dry on the surface before re-watering. During the winter only water occasionally. Fertilize in the spring and bring into brighter room for the summer months. Re-potting every other year at the most is all the Ponytail Palm needs.

PESTS/DISEASES Overwatering can contribute to stem rot. If you withhold watering, the plant may be able to internally cure the problem. Spider mites occur on the leaves, but can be fixed by rubbing a cloth of soap and water on the stems.

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2017年08月06日

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BOTANICAL NAME: Spathiphyllum PLANT TYPE: Houseplant SUN EXPOSURE: Shade FLOWER COLOR: White Peace lilies are one of the most common houseplants because they are so easy to grow. Most household varieties grow up to 16 inches tall, but larger cultivars can reach 6 feet in height.

Peace lilies produce white flowers in the early summer and continue to bloom throughout the year. Note: Keep peace lilies out of the reach of small children and pets, as all parts of the plant contain calcium oxalate, an irritant and toxin. PLANTING Plant with an all-purpose potting soil and keep it lightly moist throughout the year. Repotting annually in the spring is good for the lily because it will need refreshed soil.

CARE Keep the soil moist at all times, but do not overwater. During the winter, fertilize every 6 weeks or so. Peace lilies enjoy a warmer environment, so keep them in temperatures above 60°F. Keep out of direct sunlight, but in a well-lit area. If no flowers are appearing, the plant may not be getting enough light.

PESTS/DISEASES Brown leaf tips are common with excessive light, over fertilization, or lack of water and/or low humidity. Keeping the plant on a tray of moistened gravel can help increase humidity.

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2017年08月06日

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BOTANICAL NAME: Jasminum Polyanthum PLANT TYPE: Houseplant SUN EXPOSURE: Full SunPart Sun FLOWER COLOR: WhiteYellow Jasmine is known for its intensely fragrant blossoms that flower all year to brighten your home. The starry flowers grow in lovely clusters of bright white (or yellow). Though jasmine is a vine grown outdoors, the plant grows easily indoors where vines aren’t handy.

PLANTING Grow in a pot or hanging basket with any good potting or all-purpose soil.

CARE During the spring and summer months Jasmine needs full sunlight. In the winter months Jasmine still needs light, but it doesn’t have to be direct. Soil should be moist and well-drained, but do not overwater. During the summer allow the soil to be moist and let it dry between waterings. Water less in the fall. In the winter and spring months keep the plant slightly dry. Prune after blooming season (which is spring) to shape the plant.

PESTS/DISEASES Root rot and mealybugs are common.

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2017年08月06日

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BOTANICAL NAME: Crassula argentea, Crassula ovata PLANT TYPE: Houseplant SUN EXPOSURE: Part Sun With its thick, woody stems and oval-shaped leaves, jade plants have a miniature tree-like appearance that is very appealing. They live a very long time, often reaching heights of three feet or more when grown indoors. Though jade plants like the warm, dry conditions found in most homes, they are not as drought tolerant as other succulent species. It’s important to keep the soil moist (but never damp).

PLANTING Plant in a sturdy container with an all-purpose soil blend. Use a soil that will drain thoroughly, as excessive moisture may promote root rot. A cactus mix with some organic matter will do. You can also make a mix of one part sterilized organic soil, one part sphagnum peat moss, and three parts coarse sand by volume Jade plants are known to have very thick stems and may eventually become top-heavy, so plan ahead by planting in a wide and sturdy pot.

CARE Place jade do need 4 or more hours of sunlight each day; kitchens and offices with a south-facing window are typically great spots with just enough light. Jade plants grow best at room temperature (65 to 75°F), but prefer slightly cooler temperatures at night and in the winter (55°F). Keep soil moist but not wet during active growth in the spring and summer. Allow soil to dry between waterings in the winter. Avoid splashing water on the leaves while watering. If shedding or brown spots occur on the leaves, it is an indication that the plant needs more water. Jade plants may be fertilized three to four times a year with a standard liquid houseplant fertilizer. During the winter months, move the plants away from cold windowpanes and out of drafts. Jade plants do not mind being root-bound. If the plant gets top-heavy and you need to move to a larger pot, transplant when new growth starts. Let the soil dry before repotting and wait four months before fertilizing any repotted plants.

PESTS/DISEASES Mealybugs may hide under stems and leaves. To remove the bugs, use a spray bottle of water or wipe the insects off gently with a bit of rubbing alcohol on a paper towel or cotton swab. Powdery mildew is a common problem. Root rot is due to excessive moisture in the soil. Leaf drop is a sign of a thirsty plant in need of more frequent watering.

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2017年08月06日

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BOTANICAL NAME: Pelargonium PLANT TYPE: Houseplant SUN EXPOSURE: Full Sun SOIL TYPE: Sandy FLOWER COLOR: Multicolor Geraniums are a longtime favorite of Almanac gardeners. They are easy to grow, colorful, and many add a lovely scent to the home. Although, they are also an outdoor plant, they can be kept indoors to overwinter. Or, they can bloom indoors all year long with enough light.

PLANTING When buying geraniums, look for color and size. Healthy leaves will have no discoloration on or below them and stems will be sturdy, not straggly. Be sure to avoid any plants with obvious signs of pests as well. Place plants in pots with drainage holes to avoid root rot. Do not use a saucer beneath your pot unless filled with pebbles. Use soil-less potting mixture (not dirt) when planting in containers. For maximum bloom, place the plants in an area where they will get 4-6 hours of sunlight daily.

CARE Allow to dry between waterings, then water thoroughly. During the winter water much less, but do not let the roots dry out. To encourage blooming, deadhead spent flowers. To promote bushiness and avoid legginess, pinch the stems. During active growing months, fertilize every 2 weeks. Use a water-soluable fertilizer at half strength. Don’t fertilize in winter. Geraniums can be re-potted as needed during the spring to be refreshed.

PESTS/DISEASES Common problems can be low light or too much or too little water. The leaves will turn yellow as an indication you are watering too little or too much in which case, try to even the watering out and move the geraniums to a brighter place.

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