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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月06日
Dummer. ゛☀
BOTANICAL NAME: Viola x wittrockiana PLANT TYPE: Flower FLOWER COLOR: BlueOrangePinkPurpleRedYellow BLOOM TIME: SpringSummerFallWinter SPECIAL FEATURES: Attracts Butterflies Pansies have one of the widest ranges of colors and are good for containers, borders, and as ground cover. The pansy is treated as an annual due to its leggy growth and is hearty in cool weather.
PLANTING You can start pansy seeds indoors 6 to 8 weeks before you plan on transplanting them. Plant seeds in late winter for early spring and summer flowering, or plant seeds in the summer for winter flowering. Plant in moist, humus-rich, well-drained soil. Learn more about soil amendments and preparing soil for planting. Pansies like sun, but cooler temperatures. Space the plants about 7 to 12 inches apart. They will spread about 9 to 12 inches and grow to be about 6 to 9 inches tall.
CARE Remember to water your pansies regularly. One of the most common reasons pansies fail is because they are not watered enough, so if your pansies are not doing well, try watering them more. You can use a general, all-purpose fertilizer around your pansies to help them grow. Remove faded/dead flowers to prolong blooming and encourage more flowers to grow.
PESTS/DISEASES Mosaic viruses Downy mildew Powdery mildew Crown and root rot Rust Gray mold Spot anthracnose Slugs, snails, and aphids
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月06日
Dummer. ゛☀
BOTANICAL NAME: Tropaeolum majus PLANT TYPE: Flower FLOWER COLOR: OrangeRedYellow BLOOM TIME: SummerFall Nasturtium is an easy-to-grow annual whose leaves and flowers are edible. Here’s how to grow your own nasturtiums! These plants, with their bright greenery and vibrant flowers, are good for containers or as ground cover. Their pretty fragrance also makes them a good choice for cut flowers. Nasturtiums are perfect to grow with children because they grow so easily and rapidly.
PLANTING You can start the seeds indoors 4 to 6 weeks before the last spring frost. See your local frost dates. Plant nasturtium seeds in early spring in moist, well-drained soil in full sun. They can grow in partial shade, but they will not bloom as well. Nasturtiums prefer poorer soils and they do not need fertilizers (unless your soil is extremely poor). Fertile soil will produce fewer blooms and more foliage. Plant the seeds about half an inch deep and 10 to 12 inches apart. Plants should appear in 7 to 10 days.
CARE Water regularly throughout the growing season, but be careful not to over-water your plants. Cutting off the faded/dead flowers will prolong blooming. If you’re growing nasturtiums in containers, they may need to be trimmed back occasionally over the growing season.
PESTS/DISEASES Flea beetles Caterpillars Aphids Slugs Whiteflies Viruses
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月06日
Dummer. ゛☀
BOTANICAL NAME: Ipomoea PLANT TYPE: Flower SUN EXPOSURE: Full Sun SOIL TYPE: AnyLoamySandy FLOWER COLOR: BluePinkPurpleRedWhite BLOOM TIME: SummerFall SPECIAL FEATURES: Attracts BirdsAttracts Butterflies Morning glories are annual climbers with slender stems, heart-shaped leaves, and trumpet-shaped flowers of pink, purple-blue, magenta, or white. They have a beautiful shape before they unfold in the sun and romantic tendrils that lend old-fashioned charm. In warmer areas, train climbers over a pergola or arch, or use as dense groundcover. The vine grows quickly—up to 15 feet in one season—and can self-seed fairly easily, too. Therefore, choose where you put this plant wisely! The flowers bloom from early summer to the first frost. Their big, fragrant, colorful flowers attract butterflies and hummingbirds.
PLANTING Grow annuals in a sunny, sheltered site. They need a lot of sun. Plant in moderately fertile, well-drained soil. Choose a site that is sheltered from cold or drying winds. Sow Morning Glory seeds early in the season once the ground has warmed to 64°F. File the seeds just long enough to break the coat and soak them for 24 hours before planting them. (They look like little worms.) Cover lightly with ¼-inch of soil. Space about 6 inches apart. Water thoroughly.
CARE Apply a balanced liquid fertilizer after planting and at monthly intervals. Support climbers and trailing species with structures like trellises, pergolas, or arches. Morning glories are low-maintenance. Water during dry periods. Mulch to retain moisture and avoid weeds.
PESTS/DISEASES Pests: Aphids, leaf miner, spider mites, caterpillar (leaf cutter) Disease/Fungus: Rust, fungal leaf spots, and Fusarium Wilt Critters: Deer can be a nuisance.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月06日
Dummer. ゛☀
BOTANICAL NAME: Tagetes PLANT TYPE: Flower SUN EXPOSURE: Full Sun SOIL TYPE: ClayLoamySandy FLOWER COLOR: OrangeYellow BLOOM TIME: SpringSummerFall No annual is more cheerful or easier to grow than marigolds. These flowers are the spendthrifts among annuals, showing a wealth of gold, copper, and brass into our summer and autumn gardens. The flower’s popularity probably derives in part from its ability to bloom brightly all summer long. Marigolds have daisy-like or double, carnation-like flowerheads and are produced singly or in clusters. Although there are some 50 species, most marigolds we know come from just three: Tagetes erecta are the tallest and most upright, at three to five feet. They are sometimes known as African, or American, marigolds. They thrive under hot, dry conditions. Bushy T. patula, or French marigolds, are somewhat smaller and more compact. They are often wider than they are tall. Elegant and eye-catching, they have relatively demure flowers and usually grow from 6 inches to 2 feet tall. The dainty T. tenuifolia are the signet, or rock-garden, marigolds that like hot, dry sites and make a wonderful edging. Their flowers are edible. Marigolds have been sterotyped, but they offer tremendous variety. Both the African and French marigolds are generally aromatic, too. French and signet types can be planted anytime through midsummer, but the tall American marigolds are best planted right away in the spring (after danger of frost is past) because they are slower to mature.
PLANTING Marigolds thrive in full sunshine and can often withstand very hot summers. Though they grow in almost any soil, marigolds thrive in moderately fertile, well-drained soil. Prepare the soil by digging down about 6 inches to loosen it. Remove stones. Optional: Add some granular fertilizer in the planting hole. A 5-10-5 works fine. Sow them directly into the garden once the soil is warm. You can start seeds indoors but they germinate so easily outside that there’s really no advantage. Marigolds sprout within days in warm weather and plants bloom in about 8 weeks. Sow seed 1-inch apart. While still small, thin the seedlings. Space French and Signet types 8 to 10 inches apart. Larger American varieties should be at least 10 to 12 inches apart. After planting, thoroughly water each plant. Separate seedlings when they are about 2 inches tall. Plant them in flats of loose soil, or transplant them into the garden. If planting in containers, use a soil-based potting mix. Either mix in slow-acting granular fertilizer at planting time or plan to water in diluted liquid fertilizer periodically. Take care to space properly; marigolds grown in containers can become crowded.
CARE Germination from large, easily handled seeds is rapid, and blooms should appear within a few weeks of sowing. Marigolds don’t require deadheading, but if the spent blossoms of the American type are clipped, the plants will continue to bloom profusely. When you water marigolds, allow the soil to dry somewhat between waterings, then water well and repeat the process. Water in high heat. Do not water marigolds from overhead. Water at the base of the plant. Do not fertilize marigolds during growth. Too rich a diet stimulates lush foliage at the expense of flowers. The densely double flowerheads of the African marigolds tend to rot in wet weather. Add a layer of mulch between plants to suppress weeds and keep soil moist, especially when plants are young.
PESTS/DISEASES Farmers and gardeners have long known that marigolds make important companion plants all over the garden. The underground workings of the marigold will repel nematodes (microscopic worms) and other pests for up to 3 years. Marigolds have few pests or problems. Mites and aphids sometimes infest marigolds. Usually a spray of water or an insecticidal soap, repeated every other day for a week or two, will solve the problem Occasionally marigolds will get a fungal infection if it’s often wet. Avoid watering on the leaves, keep weeds down, and plant in well-drained soil.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月06日
Dummer. ゛☀
BOTANICAL NAME: Lilium PLANT TYPE: Flower SUN EXPOSURE: Full SunPart Sun SOIL TYPE: Loamy SOIL PH: Varies FLOWER COLOR: OrangePinkWhiteYellow BLOOM TIME: SpringSummerFall SPECIAL FEATURES: Attracts Butterflies These hearty bulbs are easy to grow and require minimal care, provided that you plant them in the right place. At home in both formal and naturalistic settings, most lilies also take readily to containers. Plus, they make wonderful cut flowers, coming in pink, gold, red, orange, and white colors. Lilies bloom tend to bloom from early summer to fall, depending on the type. By carefully blending early, mid-season, and late varieties into your garden, you will enjoy their magnificent blooms from spring through frost.
PLANTING Plant lily bulbs in spring or autumn. Note: Lilies do not thrive in Zones 9 to 10 without a period of refrigeration; they need a cold, dormant period. Select a site with soil that drains well. How can you tell? After a good rain, find a spot that is the first to dry out. Water trapped beneath the scales may rot the bulb, so a well-drained site is essential. Also, select a site that gets full sun. For dependable blooms, lilies need six to eight hours of direct sunlight a day. If it’s too shady, the stems will attempt to lean towards the sun or get spindly and fall over. Most of the popular varieties prefer acidic to neutral soil, but some are lime-tolerant or prefer alkaline soils (e.g., Madonna lilies). Loosen the soil to a depth of 12 to 15 inches. The deep planting encourages the developing stem to send out roots to help stabilize the plant and perhaps eliminate the need for staking. Also, deep planting keeps lily bulbs cool when temperatures soar. Enrich the soil with leaf mold or well-rotted organic matter to encourage good drainage. Learn more about soil amendments and preparing soil for planting. Dig a hole 2 to 3 times as deep as the bulbs are high and set the bulb in the hole pointy side up. Fill the hole with soil and tamp gently. Space bulbs at a distance equal to 3 times the bulb’s diameter (usually about 8 to 18 inches apart, depending on the variety). For a good effect, plant lilies in groups of 3 to 5 bulbs. Water thoroughly.
CARE In active growth, water freely especially if rainfall is less than 1 inch per week. Keep lilies mulched so that their roots are cool. The mulch should feel moist, but not wet. Apply a high-potassium liquid fertilizer every 2 weeks from early spring until 6 weeks after flowering. Keep moist in winter. Apply a thin layer of compost each spring, followed by a 2-inch layer of mulch. Stake tall lilies. Lilies do not rebloom, but you can remove the faded flowers so that the plants don’t waste energy making seeds. Leave the foliage until it turns brown in the fall. This is important so that the plant stores energy for next year’s flowering. Cut down the dead stalks in the late fall or early spring. Before winter, add 4 to 6 inches of mulch, simply to delay the ground freeze and allow the roots to keep growing. Leave the mulch until spring once the last hard frost has passed. See your local frost dates. Divide plants every 3 to 4 years as new growth begins in the spring. Just lift them and divide into clumps. Replant using compost and bonemeal.
PESTS/DISEASES Gray mold is sometimes a problem, especially in a wet, cool spring or summer. Make sure lilies are not crowded and have plenty of air circulation. Viruses, spread by aphids, may be troublesome, although some cultivars are virus-tolerant. Red lily beetles, slugs, and snails may occur. Deer, rabbits, voles, and groundhogs may eat entire plants. If these critters are a problem, plant the bulbs in buried wire cages to protect them from getting eaten.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月06日
Dummer. ゛☀
BOTANICAL NAME: Iris germanica PLANT TYPE: Flower SUN EXPOSURE: Full SunPart Sun SOIL TYPE: AnyLoamySandy FLOWER COLOR: BlueMulticolorOrangePinkPurpleWhiteYellow BLOOM TIME: Summer Every gardener wants this perennial. Despite its divine origins, it is hardy, reliable, and easy to grow. Irises also attract butterflies and hummingbirds and make lovely cut flowers. There are some 300 species in the genus Iris. The most familiar irises are the tall (at least 28 inches) bearded irises (Iris germanica). The distinctive flowers have three large outer petals called “falls” and three inner upright petals called “standards.” The falls may have beards or crests. Bearded iris are so-called because they have soft hairs along the center of the falls. In crested iris, the hairs form a comb or ridge. Most irises flower in early summer. Some, mostly bearded hybrids, are remontant, flowering again later in the summer.
PLANTING Irises need at least half a day of sun and well-drained soil. Without enough sun, they won’t bloom. They prefer fertile, neutral to slightly acidic soil. If your soil is very acidic, sweeten it with a bit of lime, and forbear summer watering, which can lead to rot. Learn more about preparing soil for planting. Bearded irises must not be shaded by other plants; many do best in a special bed on their own. Soil drainage is very important. Loosen the soil with a tiller or garden fork to a depth of 12 to 15 inches, then mix in a 2- to 4-inch layer of compost. Plant iris in mid- to late summer. Bearded irises have rhizomes (fleshy roots) that should be partially exposed, or thinly covered with soil in hot climates. Plant rhizomes singly or in groups of three with the fans outermost, 1 to 2 feet apart, depending on the size. Dig a shallow hole 10 inches in diameter and 4 inches deep. Make a ridge of soil down the middle and place the rhizome on the ridge, spreading roots down both sides. Fill the hole with soil and firm it gently. Water thoroughly. When planting, top-dress with a low-nitrogen fertilizer, and again in early spring.
CARE Avoid applying high-nitrogen fertilizers to the surface or carelessly mulching with organic matter, which may encourage rhizome rot. Keep rhizomes exposed. Unlike bulbs, which thrive deep underground, iris rhizomes need a bit of sun and air to dry them out. If they’re covered with soil or crowded by other plants, they’ll rot. Irises may benefit from shallow mulching in the spring. Don’t trim iris leaves. Leaves carry on photosynthesis for next year’s growth. Cut off brown tips—and cut the flowering stalk down to the rhizome to discourage rot. If iris foliage is hit with heavy frost, remove and destroy it to eliminate borer eggs. See your local frost dates. After 2 to 5 years, when clumps become congested or lose vitality and stop blooming, divide and replant sound rhizomes in fresh soil. The best time to replant irises is soon after bloom. Transplant them to places where they will have “wet feet, but dry knees.”
PESTS/DISEASES Irises are deer-resistant and drought-tolerant. However, they are susceptible to borers, so check the rhizomes (fleshy roots) yearly for holes, discarding any infested ones. Verbena bud moth, whiteflies, iris weevil, thrips, slugs and snails, aphids, and nematodes may also be troublesome.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月06日
Dummer. ゛☀
BOTANICAL NAME: Impatiens PLANT TYPE: Flower SUN EXPOSURE: Part Sun SOIL TYPE: Loamy SOIL PH: Neutral FLOWER COLOR: OrangePinkPurpleRedWhiteYellow BLOOM TIME: SummerFall SPECIAL FEATURES: Attracts Birds Impatiens is a beautiful annual that makes an excellent houseplant or summer bedding plant. Impatiens is also known as “Busy Lizzie,” and its name is a Latin word that describes the way its seeds shoot out of its pods when ripe (the slightest touch can make a ripe impatiens seed pod burst open and scatter its seeds). Impatiens like shade and moisture.
PLANTING Plant impatiens transplants after the last spring frost. See your local frost dates. Impatiens prefer humus-rich, moist, and well-drained soil. Make sure the plants have some shelter from the wind. The closer impatiens plants are, the taller they will grow, so space accordingly (impatiens plants can grown anywhere between 6 and 30 inches tall). For flower beds, plant 8 to 12 inches apart so the plants will stay low to the ground. You can mix in compost or a slow-release fertilizer before transplanting to help the plants. If you have impatiens plants in containers, like window boxes, use a sterile or soil-less growing mixture to ensure better drainage for the plants. Learn more about soil amendments and preparing soil for planting.
CARE The most important thing to remember about impatiens plants is to water them regularly. Keep them moist, but not too wet. If the plants dry out, they will lose their leaves. If you over-water the plants, this could encourage fungal diseases. Remember container plants will need more water.
PESTS/DISEASES Spider mites Impatiens Downy Mildew (IDM): Get tips on how to treat mildew on impatiens. Flower thrips Root knot nematode Whiteflies Aphids Caterpillars Gray mold Fungal leaf spot
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月06日
Dummer. ゛☀
BOTANICAL NAME: Hyacinthus PLANT TYPE: Flower SUN EXPOSURE: Full SunPart Sun SOIL TYPE: Loamy FLOWER COLOR: BlueOrangePinkPurpleRedWhiteYellow BLOOM TIME: Spring Hyacinth bulbs are planted in the fall and borne in spring. The Victorians revered hyacinths for their sweet, lingering fragrance, and carefully massed them in low beds, planting in rows of one color each. The loose to dense racemes of strongly fragrant flowers are closely packed with tubular-bell-shaped, single or double flowers. As well as growing in the ground, colorful hyacinths are excellent for forcing in containers and some are available for early flowering indoors.
PLANTING Plant hyacinth bulbs in autumn. Plant the bulbs 4 inches deep and a minimum of 3 inches apart. At the northern limits of their hardiness, plant 6 to 8 inches deep. Grow in any well-drained, moderately fertile soil in sun or partial shade. Loosen soil and work in compost or bonemeal for fertility. Set the bulb in the hole with the pointy end up. After planting and covering with soil, water thoroughly. If you are transplanting, water sparingly and then do not water again until flower buds appear the following year.
FORCING BULBS Bulbs may be forced into early growth for indoor display in winter. Plant them with the tips just showing, in soil-based potting mix in containers with drainage holes. Keep in a dark place at temperatures above freezing but no higher than 45 degrees F, for at least 10 weeks to allow roots to develop. When shoots are about 1 inch long, increase light and temperature gradually. Water carefully, avoiding wetting the shoots or waterlogging the soil. After flowering, forced hyacinths may be planted in the garden and they will flower again in subsequent years.
CARE Water hyacinths in the event of a dry autumn. Protect container-grown plants from excessive winter moisture. After plants are finished flowering in spring, cut back flower stalks but allow the leaves to die back naturally. PESTS/DISEASES Prone to gray mold and bulb rot.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月05日
Dummer. ゛☀
BOTANICAL NAME: Gladiolus PLANT TYPE: Flower SUN EXPOSURE: Full Sun SOIL TYPE: Any FLOWER COLOR: MulticolorOrangePinkWhiteYellow BLOOM TIME: Summer Gladiolus is a classic perennial known for its tall flower spikes. A great cutting flower, gladioli look beautiful in midsummer bouquets. Available in a multitude of colors, gladioli grow between 2 to 6 feet in height. The taller varieties, which should be staked, are often placed in the back of a garden to nicely complement shorter plants. In zones 7 and colder, gladioli corms need to be lifted—and replanted in the spring.
PLANTING Plant gladiolus bulbs in the spring once the danger of frost has passed and the soil has warmed. See your local frost dates here. Ready your garden by using a garden fork or tiller and loosen the soil to about 12 to 15 inches deep. After loosening the soil, mix in a 2– to 4–inch layer of compost. Set the corm in the hole about 4 inches deep with the pointed end facing up. Cover with soil and press firmly. Space the corms 3 to 6 inches apart. Water the corms thoroughly. Gladioli like well-drained, light soil and full sun. If you’re planting tall varieties, be sure to stake them at planting time. Be careful not to damage the corms with the stakes. It takes about 90 days from the time gladioli are planted to root, grow, bloom, and store enough energy for the next season.
CARE Put a 2– to 4–inch layer of mulch around your gladioli to keep your soil moist and help prevent weeds. If you get less than 1 inch of rain a week, water your plants regularly throughout the summer. Otherwise, water them moderately when in growth to keep the soil moist. Remove the faded/dead flowers to ensure continuous growth. Once all the flowers on a stalk have gone, cut off the stalk. Be sure to leave the plant intact so it can mature and rejuvenate the corms for the next season. If you live in zones 7 or 8, put down a layer of hay or straw for winter protection. Corms should be dug before the first frost if you live in zone 7 or ones colder. See instructions below.
PESTS/DISEASES Gladiolus corm rot (Fusarium wilt) Gray mold Viruses Aster yellows Spider mites Thrips Aphids
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月05日
Dummer. ゛☀
BOTANICAL NAME: Delphinium PLANT TYPE: Flower SUN EXPOSURE: Full SunPart Sun SOIL TYPE: Loamy SOIL PH: Alkaline/Basic FLOWER COLOR: BluePinkPurpleWhite BLOOM TIME: Summer SPECIAL FEATURES: Attracts Butterflies Delphiniums are perennials grown for their showy spikes of colorful summer flowers in gorgeous shades of blue, pink, white, and purple. They are popular in cottage-style gardens and cutting gardens. Delphiniums are a favorite of many gardeners, but can sometimes be a challenge. They prefer moist, cool summers and do not fare well in hot, dry weather. The plants also dislike sudden wind or rain.
Except for the dwarf perennials, most delphiniums need staking. PLANTING Grow in fertile, well-drained soil in full sun to light shade, with shelter from strong winds. Plant in the spring. Prepare the soil, mixing in 2 to 4 inches of compost. Delphinium is a genus consisting of over 300 species—some are annuals, others are biennials or perennials. Some grow easily from seed, others don’t. Dig a hole twice the diameter of the plant’s container. When planting, ensure that the top of the root ball is level with the soil. In the spring, broadcast lime, wood ashes, or a mixture of the two over this alkaline-loving perennial. Learn more about soil amendments.
CARE Insert supports no later than midspring or when the plants reach 12 inches high. Stake the low-growing perennials with twiggy, brushwood support. The taller, large-flowered delphiniums need sturdy stakes. Soil should not dry out. Water plants during the summer if rainfall is less than 1 inch per week. For good-quality flower spikes, thin shoots when 3 inches high; leave a minimum of 2 or 3 shoots on young plants, and 5 to 7 shoots on well-established ones. In growth, water all plants freely, applying a balanced liquid fertilizer every 2 to 3 weeks. Deadhead by cutting spent flower spikes back to small, flowering side shoots. After delphiniums have finished blooming, cut flower stalks to the ground, and new, though smaller, flower stalks will develop. The flowers will survive the coming cold days and even light frosts. (See local frost dates.) If delphiniums need to be divided in the spring, remove and replant the new little plants growing around the outside of the clump. Discard the hard old heart.
PESTS/DISEASES Susceptible to slugs and snails as well as cyclamen mites. Powdery mildew, Southern blight, bacterial and fungal spots, gray mold, crown and root rot, white rot, rust, white smut, leaf smut, and damping off occur.
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