绿手指
首页
动态
文章
百科
花园
设置
简体中文
上传成功
您有新的好友动态
举报
转发
Miss Chen
2018年04月04日
Miss Chen
相信养花的朋友都遇到过盆土结块的问题，但是最近的天气又不适合换盆，但长时间如此会让植物烂根、黄叶等，那么该怎么办呢？ [图片]土壤板结的表现 如果你的花盆土表面出现裂纹，花土和花盆边缘出现缝隙，浇水半天浇不透，那就说明你的花土已经板结了。 如果植物长期生活在结块的土壤里，不仅根系呼吸不畅，还会耽误吸收养分。久而久之就会出现发黄、掉叶、萎蔫、烂根等现象，对植物生长危害极大！ 土壤板结了怎么办？ 一、盆面撒点干肥 1、准备一些豆饼或花生饼，碾成粉末。这两种饼是榨油剩下的渣子，在菜市场油坊就能买到，价格便宜。 2、用小耙子或者木棍轻划松表面1cm的盆土，让土壤表层变得稍微松软一些。 3、把碾成粉的干肥撒到花土表面，不要撒太多。只撒薄薄的一层就可以，要能隐约看见土壤表面，注意避开根系。 4、撒完肥后，浇一遍水，要浇透，这样肥粉更容易渗透到土中。 5、肥粉在发酵的时候会带动花土发酵，大概20天左右，盆土开始变松软，而且会变得更加肥沃。但这个方法不能频繁用，两个月用一次就可以了。 小贴士： 1、因为撒完肥粉要浇水，所以在此之前要给花控水，避免浇多了积水烂根。 2、撒肥粉的时候不要贪多，不然会烧伤植物，得不偿失。 [图片]二、沙柱法 1、准备几根粗吸管，一些颗粒比较大的粗河沙。 2、在盆土边用吸管戳几个洞，然后把吸管插进土里，最好插到花盆底部。 3、把吸管旁边的土压实，再往吸管里倒进粗砂，然后把吸管拔出来，花盆里就形成了许多沙柱。浇水的时候，水会通过沙柱均匀地渗透到花土里。促进根系透气。 怎么预防土壤板结？ 上面的方法适合在不方便换盆的时候使用，如果大家在平时养花的时候学会以下几个技巧，就能预防土壤发生板结！ 1、盆面铺点蚯蚓粪 蚯蚓粪是非常优质的有机肥，在盆土表面铺一层蚯蚓粪，不仅能给花土提供充足养分，而且土壤一年都不会板结！ 2、不直接使用自来水 自来水的水质比较硬，浇花前最好放太阳底下晒1~2天，再加一滴食醋，这样能防止土壤偏碱、板结。 3、盆底垫点花生壳 在换盆的时候，在盆底垫3~5厘米的花生壳、松针、陶粒等透气的东西，可以让土疏松透气，两年不换盆也不会板结。 4、少用化肥 长时间使用化肥会使土壤板结，因此平时要多用发酵过的有机肥，每个月浇1次发酵的淘米水，也能预防土壤板结！
...显示更多
12
0
0
文章
评论
😀 😁 😂 😄 😆 😉 😊 😋 😎 😍 😘 🙂 😐 😏 😣 😯 😪 😫 😌 😜 😒 😔 😖 😤 😭 😱 😳 😵 😠
* 仅支持 .JPG .JPEG .PNG .GIF
* 图片尺寸不得小于300*300px
举报
转发
Miss Chen
2018年04月04日
Miss Chen
相信很多友友在养殖多肉时都会遇到多肉歪头的情况，尤其是一些多肉老桩特别容易歪头出现这个问题的原因有两点，一是现在的配土通在讲究疏松透气又要经济实惠的情况下，一般都比较轻（珍珠岩啊，泥炭啊，运费啊），所以压不住肉，另一个原因就是上面所说的个别多头头重脚轻真的很难站稳。 [图片]解决这办法的方法可以选择在配土上用比较重的颗粒土（譬如赤玉土、煤渣）替换比较轻的珍珠岩，但也不一定能够让多肉植物站得稳。 或者将多肉埋得比较深一点，但埋得深一点，往往就意味着，在某个闷热潮湿的日子里，出问题的可能性会大一点（埋入土里的茎干部位烂掉）。 春季风较大，黑法师就很容易出现站不稳的情况，泡沫一端架着黑法师一端架着花盆的壁沿，等过段时间黑法师根系长好了，也站稳了。 桃美人根系还没长好的情况下，头重脚轻很容易歪倒，四面架着，再也不怕她倒了，但是夏天的时候要慎重，围太密也会造成通风不良的。 [图片]除了泡沫，身边一些小东西其实也可以治疗歪头的小毛病，但… 还是泡沫实用啊！ 其实解决这个问题有个虽然不是很好看但是很实用的办法，那就是用个东西撑住，一端撑住要倒下的多肉，一端撑在花盆的盆沿或者其他什么比较固定的东西，极端情况下甚至可以四周都围绕住，等上半个月一个月多肉根系长好了，拿掉支撑物，多肉也可以站得稳稳的。最好用的这个东西，就是泡沫，长短大小很容易控制。
...显示更多
3
0
0
文章
评论
😀 😁 😂 😄 😆 😉 😊 😋 😎 😍 😘 🙂 😐 😏 😣 😯 😪 😫 😌 😜 😒 😔 😖 😤 😭 😱 😳 😵 😠
* 仅支持 .JPG .JPEG .PNG .GIF
* 图片尺寸不得小于300*300px
举报
转发
Miss Chen
2018年04月04日
Miss Chen
种植过多肉植物的朋友们都知道，肉肉冬天是在休眠的，春天才是它们疯狂生长、枝繁叶茂的季节，也是姿态最美的时候。如果您的肉肉精心栽培了一段时间，需要换盆换土、施肥杀菌，春天都是最适宜的时候。下面小编来告诉您，春天需要为您的肉肉做些什么？ [图片]一、春季多肉植物管理之换盆 换盆由于多肉植物在人工栽培的条件下，根系被局限于花盆中，很难自由伸展，经过一段时间的生长，根系充满整个花盆，不利于排水透气。而且花盆中所盛的土壤有限，在经过根系不断吸收和一次次浇水冲淋后，养分流失殆尽，培养土也由原来的团粒状变成粉末状。另外，根系在不断吸收养分的过程中，也不断排泄酸性代谢物，使土壤酸化，这些很不利于植物的生长。 因此当植物生长到一定阶段后就必须翻盆换土。根据品种的不同和植株的大小，每1～2年或3年换一次(有些品种的小苗甚至可一年移栽数次，即所谓的“动一动，大一大”)。对于大多数“夏型种”和“中间型”多肉植物。一般在3月中下旬进行换盆，并结合换盆进行分株繁殖。 [图片]二、春季多肉植物管理之浇水 浇水本月对于正在生长的景天科的青锁龙、玉椿、雪莲、东云等“冬型种”和芦荟科的卧牛之类的“中间型”多肉植物，应保持盆土湿润而不积水，也不能过于干燥。龙舌兰科的怒雷神锦、赤牙龙锦、辉山，仙人掌科的金琥、白檀、鸾凤玉，夹竹桃科的鸡蛋花等“夏型种”可适当浇些水，但不要过量。如果遇到阴雨天或温度突然降低，则要停止浇水。番杏科的生石花属、肉锥花属多肉植物处于蜕皮期，则要控制浇水，甚至可以完全断水，即便是浇水，也不要将水浇到植株上，以免造成腐烂。 需要指出的是，大多数人都认为多肉植物生长在干旱少雨的沙漠地带，非常耐旱，栽培中不需要浇太多水。的确，由于生长环境的因素，大部分种类的多肉植物非常耐旱，但耐旱并不等于喜欢干旱。 对于大部分种的多肉植物，在生长期还是需要水分的，如果长期干旱，植株虽然不会死亡，但生长缓慢，甚至停滞，其叶子变薄，色彩黯淡，缺乏生机，影响观赏，有些植物一旦僵化，很难恢复，严重时甚至造成植物死亡。因此，生长期一定要给予充足的水分，以使植株正常生长，但千万不要积水，否则很容易造成植物烂根死亡，“不干不浇，浇则浇透”的原则，适用于大多数常见种类的多肉植物。 休眠期也要严格控制浇水，不少人栽培多肉植物失败的原因都是“手痒”，控制不住自己的手，在休眠期浇水不当而导致植株烂掉，因此在休眠期一定要管住自己的手，切莫盲目浇水。 三、春季多肉植物管理之施肥 施肥大部分种类的“冬型种”和“中间型”多肉植物，可根据品种的不同和生长情况，每20天左右施一次腐熟的稀薄液肥或复合肥。施肥时间可在天气晴朗的上午，并注意肥液不要溅到植株上。“夏型种”多肉植物则不必施肥。 此外，本月对于“中间型”的多肉植物还可进行扦插繁殖。如果温度合适，也可在室内播种繁殖。
...显示更多
0
0
0
文章
评论
😀 😁 😂 😄 😆 😉 😊 😋 😎 😍 😘 🙂 😐 😏 😣 😯 😪 😫 😌 😜 😒 😔 😖 😤 😭 😱 😳 😵 😠
* 仅支持 .JPG .JPEG .PNG .GIF
* 图片尺寸不得小于300*300px
举报
转发
Miss Chen
2018年04月04日
Miss Chen
养花圈都流行着这样一句花谚：“过冬容易度春难”。在平时的养花过程中，盆花如何越冬，花友们都会非常注意。但如何度春，却未能引起花友们的足够重视。所以才有了不少花友们这样感慨：盆花冬天花红叶绿，春天却叶黄花落，甚至死亡！出春养花，千万不要因为这几点，害死了你的爱花。 [图片]一、避寒风 现在的风还是比较凉，如果不注意避风，花也就有可能萎蔫，没精神。所以通风时间最好选在比较温暖的中午或者下午。如果花吹了寒风，要注意少浇水，不要暴晒。把花放在温暖一点的地方缓一缓，等恢复之后再正常的养护。 二、按时换盆 按时换盆也是很重要的一步，如果几年不换一次，你就会发现花长得越来越慢，花也越开越少！每年的春秋季，都比较适合换盆。成年大花可以1~2年换一次，幼苗可以一年换2次。按时换盆才能给花充足的生长空间！ [图片]三、薄肥勤施 春天是花草开始生长的时候，很多心急的朋友一开春就开始施肥，而且施肥量大，这样很可能起反作用，引起烧根，烂叶等肥害现象。初春是施肥的好季节，但是要薄肥勤施，等到新叶子长得健壮了，再逐渐加大施肥量，给花适应的时间很重要。 四、及时修剪 很多花友不舍得修剪，可这样却只会让你的花越来越没型，越长越丑，甚至开花也会减少很多。在初春的时候，要进行修剪，把一些徒长的枝条，和比较弱的枝条都剪掉，这样株型才会越来越好看。 五、避免温差过大 现在很多地区早晚的温差很大，白天热，一早一晚又比较冷。这种大温差很容易引起花卉的掉叶、掉苞。初春的时候，可以把花放在阳台和室内交界的位置，不要急于搬出室外，等到气温稳定回升了再搬出去。
...显示更多
3
0
0
文章
评论
😀 😁 😂 😄 😆 😉 😊 😋 😎 😍 😘 🙂 😐 😏 😣 😯 😪 😫 😌 😜 😒 😔 😖 😤 😭 😱 😳 😵 😠
* 仅支持 .JPG .JPEG .PNG .GIF
* 图片尺寸不得小于300*300px
举报
转发
MimiSue
2018年04月04日
MimiSue
掌握适当的旧物改造技巧，不仅能够DIY各种园艺工具，还能很好改善院子阳台上的景观，下面这些回收旧物的改造创意就非常棒，废弃物制作成容器，用来养花实用、省钱、美观，丝毫不必买来的花盆差。 1.旧轮胎变花坛 [图片]废弃的黑色轮胎被重新上漆，颜色看起来非常 清新，院子就变得更有活力了，轮胎可以堆叠起来，形成层次不同的错落感，轮胎上选择栽种五颜六色的太阳花，只要阳光充足就能开花，露养基本是不用浇水的。 2.加仑盆变草莓塔 [图片]一些较深的加仑盆可以在侧面钻孔，装上土壤之后就可以堆叠起来，它们底部排水孔非常大，不用担心排水不佳，堆叠起来的之后就可以在钻孔的位置栽种草莓苗，养护的位置要有充足的直射光，定期给有机液肥，促进草莓开花结果。 3.鞋架DIY [图片]如果家里有一些废弃的鞋架，可以将它改造成香草盆栽的架子，用来栽种其他植物可能会有些困难，不过栽种一些薄荷、香菜或芹菜就没有太大的问题，它们对光照需求不大，对环境适应性强，植株矮小，鞋架也能撑得起。 4. DIY便携式盆栽工作台 [图片]制作一个可以推动的盆栽工作台是非常有必要的，可以让你的园艺工作变得更加轻松，会让你更好地享受养花的乐趣甚至可以在上面做一个凹槽，用来搅拌土壤，养花会变得轻松无比。 5.奶粉罐变吊盆 [图片]
...显示更多
1
0
0
文章
评论
😀 😁 😂 😄 😆 😉 😊 😋 😎 😍 😘 🙂 😐 😏 😣 😯 😪 😫 😌 😜 😒 😔 😖 😤 😭 😱 😳 😵 😠
* 仅支持 .JPG .JPEG .PNG .GIF
* 图片尺寸不得小于300*300px
举报
转发
绿手指客服
2018年04月04日
绿手指客服
绿手指君感谢各位花友两年来的支持！ 最近正在筹划给大家准备点礼物，请大家投票帮我决定哈！投票也是有奖品哒！😘😘 参与方式如下⬇️ 1. 进入发现页面，点击上面活动图片进入活动页面[图片]2. 下面是活动页面，选择三个你最喜欢的选项，点击投票！[图片]3. 投票成功，就能获得打开宝箱的机会！继续分享给好友还能再次获得打开宝箱的机会！[图片]4. 喜欢什么一定要告诉我哦！绿手指君在这里等你来😘😘😘😘😘
...显示更多
2
6
6
文章
评论
😀 😁 😂 😄 😆 😉 😊 😋 😎 😍 😘 🙂 😐 😏 😣 😯 😪 😫 😌 😜 😒 😔 😖 😤 😭 😱 😳 😵 😠
* 仅支持 .JPG .JPEG .PNG .GIF
* 图片尺寸不得小于300*300px
JNN
2018年04月05日
0
点了投票没反应
iKa
2018年04月04日
1
支持支持😍 刚得了一年的免费VIP😁
显示更多
举报
转发
Miss Chen
2018年04月03日
Miss Chen
Description: This herbaceous perennial plant is 3-8' tall; it branches occasionally in the upper half. The stems are light green, terete, usually glabrous, and sometimes glaucous. The alternate leaves are up to 12" long and 12" across, becoming gradually smaller as they ascend the stems. These leaves spread outward from their stems on narrowly winged petioles and they have a tendency to droop. The lower to middle leaves have 3-7 large lobes and smooth to coarsely dentate margins. The lobes of these leaves are elliptic to ovate in shape; the terminal lobes of some leaves are subdivided into 2 smaller lobes. Sometimes the lower leaves are pinnate with a pair of basal leaflets and a lobed terminal leaflet. The uppermost leaves on the flowering stalks are much smaller in size and lanceolate to ovate in shape; they lack lobes. The upper leaf surface is dark green and hairless to sparingly short-hairy, while the lower leaf surface is pale-medium green and glabrous to sparingly hairy. Flowering Plants The upper stems terminate in either individual or cyme-like clusters of flowerheads on stalks 2" or more in length. Each flowerhead spans about 2-3" across; it has a daisy-like structure consisting of a globoid central cone that is surrounded by 6-12 ray florets. The central cone is light green while immature, but it later becomes yellow and resembles a pincushion to some extent because of the corollas of its tubular disk florets. The petaloid rays surrounding the central cone are yellow, oblong in shape, and drooping. The base of each flowerhead is defined by 8-15 floral bracts (phyllaries); these bracts are light green, oblong-ovate in shape, and hairless to hairy. The blooming period occurs from mid-summer to early fall and lasts about 1-2 months. Each disk floret is replaced by an oblongoid achene (3-4.5 mm. in length) that has a crown of tiny blunt teeth at its apex. The root system is fibrous and rhizomatous. Clonal colonies of plants are often formed from the long rhizomes. [图片]Cultivation: The preference is partial sun, moist conditions, and fertile loam or silt-loam. At a site that is too sunny and dry, the leaves may droop excessively and wither away, otherwise this plant is easy to cultivate. In some areas, it may spread aggressively by means of its rhizomes. Range & Habitat: Cutleaf Coneflower is widely distributed and occasional to locally common in most areas of Illinois (see Distribution Map), where it is native. Habitats include open bottomland forests, moist meadows in wooded areas, woodland borders, moist thickets, sloughs in partially shaded areas, low areas along rivers, partially shaded river banks, calcareous seeps, margins of poorly drained fields, and pastures. Occasionally, this species is grown in flower gardens. It prefers partially shaded areas that are poorly drained and may be prone to occasional flooding during the spring. [图片]Faunal Associations: The nectar and pollen of the flowerheads attract many kinds of insects, including long-tongued bees, short-tongued bees, predatory wasps, butterflies, skippers, moths, and various kinds of flies. Insects that feed destructively on the Cutleaf Coneflower include the leaf beetle Sumitrosis inequalis, Uroleucon rudbeckiae (Golden Glow Aphid), larvae of the fruit fly Strauzia intermedia, leaf-mining larvae of the moth Marmara auratella, and larvae of the butterfly, Chlosyne nycteis (Silvery Checkerspot). Other insects that feed on this and other coneflowers (Rudbeckia spp.) include the larvae of gall flies, larvae of the sawfly Macrophya simillima, and larvae of some Tortricid moths. Larvae of such moths as Synchlora aerata (Wavy-Lined Emerald) and Eupithecia miserulata (Common Pug) feed on the florets. A bird, the Common Goldfinch, eats the seeds to a limited extent. The foliage of Cutleaf Coneflower may be somewhat poisonous to some mammalian herbivores. Photographic Location: A flower garden in Urbana, Illinois, and an area that is adjacent to a pond at Crystal Lake Park in the same city. [图片]Comments: This is a tall-growing wildflower with a rather lanky appearance. A cultivar of this species, called 'Golden Glow' has double flowerheads with more ray florets (greater than 12) than the wild form. Cutleaf Coneflower is one of several Rudbeckia spp. with yellow flowerheads. It has larger and more widely separated disk florets than these other species, which provides the mature central cone of its flowerheads with a slight pincushion appearance. The central cones of Cutleaf Coneflower are light green to yellow (depending on their maturity), while the central cones of other Rudbeckia spp. are dark brown to black (e.g., Rudbeckia hirta, Rudbeckia triloba, & Rudbeckia fulgida) or grey to brown (e.g., Rudbeckia pinnata). The leaves of Cutleaf Coneflower have 3-7 deep lobes, while the leaves of other Rudbeckia spp. have fewer lobes or none. An exception is Rudbeckia pinnata (Yellow Coneflower), which has leaves with as many lobes. However, the lobes on its leaves are more narrow than those of Cutleaf Coneflower. Other common names of Rudbeckia laciniata include Green-headed Coneflower and Wild Golden Glow.
...显示更多
0
0
0
文章
评论
😀 😁 😂 😄 😆 😉 😊 😋 😎 😍 😘 🙂 😐 😏 😣 😯 😪 😫 😌 😜 😒 😔 😖 😤 😭 😱 😳 😵 😠
* 仅支持 .JPG .JPEG .PNG .GIF
* 图片尺寸不得小于300*300px
举报
转发
Miss Chen
2018年04月03日
Miss Chen
Description: This perennial wildflower is about 1½-2½' tall, branching occasionally. Low basal leaves are produced initially that are oval in shape and dentate along their margins; their bases are rounded to slightly cordate. Later, stems are produced that are light green with spreading white hairs. The alternate leaves are up to 5" long and 2½" across, becoming smaller and more narrow as they ascend the stems. Alternate leaves are ovate, broadly elliptic, or elliptic in shape, and dentate along their margins. The upper surface of each leaf is either hairless or sparsely covered with short appressed hairs; it is medium to dark green. The base of each alternate leaf tapers to a winged petiole; the base of the petiole is either sessile or clasps the stem. The upper stems terminate in individual flowerheads spanning 2-3" across. Each flowerhead consists of 10-20 ray florets surrounding numerous tiny disk florets. The petal-like rays of the ray florets are yellow to orange-yellow with notched tips; they spread outward from the center of the flowerhead. The tiny disk florets are dark brownish purple and tubular-shaped. Each disk floret has 5 tiny lobes along its upper rim that are erect, rather than spreading outward. Each disk floret has a divided style with blunt tips. The blooming period occurs from mid-summer into the fall and lasts about 2 months. The mature achenes are oblongoid, 4-angled, and black; the upper end of each achene is truncate with a minute crown of tiny teeth (the pappus). Each achene is about 3 mm. in length or a little less. These achenes are light weight and can be blown about by the wind, but they usually don't stray far from the mother plant. The root system is fibrous and rhizomatous. In open disturbed areas, vegetative colonies are often formed from the rhizomes. Cultivation: The preference is partial to full sun, moist to mesic conditions, and loamy or rocky soil that contains organic material. At a dry sunny site, there is a tendency for the leaves to wilt and the flowerheads may not develop properly. This coneflower requires cross-pollination with genetically distinct plants to produce viable seeds. [图片]Range & Habitat: Sullivant's Coneflower is an uncommon native wildflower that is found primarily in scattered counties in the eastern half of Illinois (see Distribution Map). Habitats of this coneflower are rather variable: they include moist rocky woodlands, savannas and barrens, woodland openings and edges, moist meadows, limestone glades, moist rocky ledges, fens, hillside seeps, and swamps. Sullivant's Coneflower is typically found in high quality natural habitats, but it will temporarily colonize open disturbed areas. Faunal Associations: Like other Rudbeckia spp., the showy flowerheads of Sullivant's Coneflower attract their fair share of pollinating insects; both nectar and pollen are available as floral rewards. Floral insect visitors include bees (leaf-cutting bees, Andrenid bees, Halictid bees), small butterflies and skippers, various flies (especially Syrphid flies and bee flies), and sometimes beetles (soldier beetles, weevils). Several moth caterpillars are known to feed on Rudbeckia spp.; they are usually found on the flowerheads, and include such species as Chlorochlamys chloroleuca (Blackberry Looper Moth), Eupithecia miserulata (Common Eupithecia), Synchlora aerata (Wavy-Lined Emerald), and Homoeosoma electellum (Sunflower Moth). Mammalian herbivores that browse on the foliage include deer, rabbits, groundhogs, cattle, and other farm animals. Photographic Location: The wildflower garden of the webmaster in Urbana, Illinois. [图片]Comments: Orange Coneflower (Rudbeckia fulgida) is quite variable in appearance from one site to another. Consequently, this species has been a source of taxonomic problems that continues to this day. Some authorities classify Orange Coneflower as a single species consisting of several varieties, while others regard it as a complex of several closely-related species. Here, Sullivant's Coneflower is treated as a variety of Orange Coneflower. Sullivant's Coneflower can be distinguished from these other varieties by its larger flowerheads (typically 2-3" across) and the shape of its leaves. Other varieties of Rudbeckia fulgida that may be encountered in Illinois include: Rudbeckia fulgida fulgida (Orange Coneflower), which has more slender leaves and smaller flowerheads (1-2" across); Rudbeckia fulgida deamii (Deam's Coneflower), which has more hairy stems, smaller flowerheads (1-2" across), and larger upper leaves; and Rudbeckia fulgida speciosa (Showy Coneflower), which has slightly smaller flowerheads (1½-2½" across) and lower leaves that are more narrow and shallowly cleft. Among these different varieties, Sullivant's coneflower is the one that is most often cultivated in gardens. It is also possible to confuse Sullivant's Coneflower with the common Rudbeckia hirta (Black-Eyed Susan) in appearance, but it can be distinguished from the latter species as follows: 1) Sullivant's Coneflower has foliage that is less hairy, 2) its leaves have petioles that are conspicuously winged, 3) each of its achenes has a crown of tiny teeth, and 4) it is a perennial. In contrast, Black-Eyed Susan has more hairy foliage, its petioles lack conspicuous wings, its achenes are truncate at the apex, and it is usually annual or biennial in habit.
...显示更多
0
0
0
文章
评论
😀 😁 😂 😄 😆 😉 😊 😋 😎 😍 😘 🙂 😐 😏 😣 😯 😪 😫 😌 😜 😒 😔 😖 😤 😭 😱 😳 😵 😠
* 仅支持 .JPG .JPEG .PNG .GIF
* 图片尺寸不得小于300*300px
举报
转发
Miss Chen
2018年04月03日
Miss Chen
Description: This perennial shrub is 2-5' tall, forming arching woody canes. First-year canes produce leaves that are palmately compound (usually 5 leaflets), while second-year canes produce trifoliate leaves (3 leaflets). First-year canes are infertile, while second-year canes bear flowers and fruit. The latter die down after bearing fruit, but they often start new canes vegetatively when their tips touch the ground. Young canes are light green, stout, and rather angular, but they later become red, reddish brown, or black. Stout prickles occur along the sides of the canes; these prickles are usually curved, rather than straight. [图片]The compound leaves of first-year canes span up to 6" long and 6" across (excluding their petioles). The terminal leaflet is larger than the lateral leaflets; it is up to 3" long and 2½" across (less than twice as long as its width). Each terminal leaflet is ovate to oval in shape, rounded or cordate at the base, and coarsely serrated along its margins; the lateral leaflets are similar, except they are more slender in shape. At the base of each terminal leaflet, there is a conspicuous basal stalklet (petiolule) about ½" long, while the lateral leaflets are sessile, or nearly so. On the upper surface, each leaflet is medium green and either hairless or sparsely hairy; on the lower surface, each leaflet is light green and finely pubescent, especially along the veins. The petioles of the compound leaves are up to 4" long, pale green, and either hairless or sparsely pubescent; there are often 1-2 tiny curved prickles along the length of each petiole. The leaflets of second-year canes are slightly smaller in size than those of the first-year canes, and their terminal leaflets are more slender than the terminal leaflets of the latter. Otherwise, the leafletsPrickly Cane of both types of canes are very similar to each other. Second-year canes bear short corymbs of flowers spanning about 2-4" across. Each flower is about 1" across, consisting of 5 white petals, 5 light green sepals, a cluster of light green pistils, and numerous stamens. The petals are oblanceolate in shape and rather wrinkled in appearance; they are much longer than the slightly pubescent sepals. At the base of the pedicel of each flower, there is either a stipule-like or leafy bract of varying size; the flowers are often partially hidden by these bracts. The blooming period of this blackberry occurs during late spring to early summer, lasting about 3 weeks. The flowers are replaced by a juicy fruits (compound drupes) that are globoid-ovoid in shape and up to ¾" long. The fruits become black at maturity during mid- to late summer; they have a pleasant sweet-tart flavor, sometimes with a slightly bitter aftertaste. Each drupelet within a fruit contains a single seed. The root system is woody and branching. Loose colonies of plants are often formed from vegetative propagation of the canes. Cultivation: The preference is full or partial sun, moist to dry-mesic conditions, and soil containing loam, clay-loam, or some rocky material. The size of the fruit is strongly influenced by the amount of precipitation during the first half of summer. Range & Habitat: The native Pennsylvania Blackberry is fairly common and it can be found throughout Illinois (see Distribution Map). Habitats include woodland openings, woodland edges, savannas, thickets, weedy meadows, and fence rows. This shrub is typically found in areas with a history of disturbance, although it is intolerant of regular mowing. Faunal Associations: This species and other blackberries (Rubus spp.) are important to many kinds of wildlife. The nectar and pollen of the flowers attract many kinds of insects, including long-tongued and short-tongued bees, wasps, bee flies, butterflies, and skippers. The larvae of many moths feed on the leaves and flowers, or bore through the canes (see Moth Table). Other insects that feed on various parts of blackberries include several leaf beetles, larvae of long-horned beetles, stinkbugs, aphids, sawfly larvae, and others (see Insect Table). The fruit is an important source of food to many songbirds and upland gamebirds (see Bird Table). Many mammals feed on the fruit of blackberries as well, including the Deer Mouse, White-Footed Mouse, Jumping Mouse, Eastern Chipmunk, Fox Squirrel, Gray Squirrel, Red Squirrel, Red Fox, Raccoon, Striped Skunk, and Black Bear. White-Tailed Deer and Cottontail Rabbits feed on the leaves and twigs. The prickly canes and leaves of blackberries also provide protective cover for small mammals and birds. [图片]Compound Leaf of 1st Year Cane Comments: The different species of blackberry (Rubus spp.) can be difficult to identify and different authorities don't always agree on their taxonomic classification. Pennsylvania Blackberry can be distinguished from other blackberry species by one or more of the following characteristics: 1) its terminal leaflets are no more than twice as long as they are across, 2) the hairs on its flowering corymbs are non-glandular, rather than glandular, 3) its corymbs of flowers are short and often partially hidden by leafy bracts, and 4) at least some of its floral bracts are large and leafy, rather than small and stipule-like. Compared to Rubus spp. that are raspberries, Pennsylvania Blackberry usually has larger flowers (about 1" across) and its compound drupes do not detach cleanly from their receptacles. Some taxonomists (e.g., Mohlenbrock, 2002) divide Pennsylvania Blackberry into two species: Rubus pensilvanicus and Rubus frondosus (Leafy-Flowered Blackberry). According to this taxonomic classification, the floral bracts of Leafy-Flowered Blackberry are all relatively large and leafy in appearance, whereas Pennsylvania Blackberry has a mixture of small stipule-like bracts and larger leafy bracts in its corymbs. In addition, the terminal leaflets of sterile canes are rounded at their bases for Pennsylvania Blackberry, whereas for Leafy-Bracted Blackberry they have cordate (indented) bases. However, in the field, it is not uncommon to encounter shrubs that display mixed characteristics. As a result, Leafy-Flowered Blackberry can be considered a variant of Pennsylvania Blackberry (or vice versa).
...显示更多
0
0
0
文章
评论
😀 😁 😂 😄 😆 😉 😊 😋 😎 😍 😘 🙂 😐 😏 😣 😯 😪 😫 😌 😜 😒 😔 😖 😤 😭 😱 😳 😵 😠
* 仅支持 .JPG .JPEG .PNG .GIF
* 图片尺寸不得小于300*300px
举报
转发
Miss Chen
2018年04月03日
Miss Chen
Description: This perennial shrub produces little-branched canes up to 6' long during the first year. These canes are initially erect, but they eventually arch sideways and downward – their tips sometimes reach the ground. First-year canes are vegetative and do not produce flowers and fruit. They are initially green, hairless, and glaucous, but later turn brown and woody during the winter. Scattered along the length of each cane are prickles that are short and curved. During the second year, these canes develop short branches that terminate in erect cymes or short racemes of flowers. Along the length of these canes, there are alternate compound leaves. These compound leaves are usually trifoliate; rarely are they palmate with 5 leaflets. The leaflets are up to 3" long and 2" across. They are cordate-ovate or ovate in shape and doubly serrate along the margins; some leaflets may be shallowly cleft. The upper surface of each leaflet has strong pinnate venation, while its lower surface is white tomentose (covered with white hairs that are very short and appressed). The terminate leaflet has a short slender petiole, while the lateral leaflets are sessile, or nearly so. The flowers are bunched tightly together on the cymes/racemes. Each flower is about ½" across, consisting of 5 white petals, 5 green sepals, and numerous stamens that surround the multiple green carpels and their styles. The petals are elliptic or oblong, while the sepals are triangular-shaped and spreading; the petals are about the same length as the sepals. The blooming period occurs during the late spring or very early summer and lasts about 2-3 weeks. Each flower is replaced by a compound drupe that is ovoid and about 1/3" long when fully mature. This compound drupe is initially white, later becomes red, and finally turns black-purple when it is mature. Each drupe consists of multiple drupelets, each drupelet containing a single seed. The fleshy drupes are sweet and slightly tart in flavor; they detach cleanly and easily from their receptacles. The root system consists of a woody branching taproot. Vegetative offsets are often produced by the canes rooting at their tips. [图片]Cultivation: The preference is partial sun, moist to mesic conditions, and rich loamy soil. In areas that are too sunny and dry, the fruit may not develop properly without adequate rain. The canes also fail to set fruit if there is too much shade. Range & Habitat: The native Black Raspberry is common in central and northern Illinois, but somewhat less common in the southern area of the state (see Distribution Map). Habitats include openings in deciduous woodlands, woodland borders, savannas, thickets, fence rows, overgrown vacant lots, powerline clearances in wooded areas, and partially shaded areas along buildings. Black Raspberry adapts well to human-related disturbance; it also occurs in higher quality natural areas. [图片]Faunal Associations: The nectar of the flowers attracts bees primarily, including honeybees, bumblebees, mason bees (Osmia spp.), leaf-cutting bees (Megachile spp.), cuckoo bees (Nomada spp.), Halictid bees, and Andrenid bees. The short-tongued bees also collect pollen from the flowers. Less often, small butterflies and skippers may visit the flowers for nectar. Because raspberries are economically important, insects that feed on the foliage, stems, and fruit are fairly well known. Insects that chew on the foliage or suck sap include caterpillars of various moths, spider mites and flea beetles, and leafhoppers. Insects that bore through canes or roots include the caterpillars of some moths and grubs of various wood-boring beetles (see the Insect Table for a listing of these species). The fruit of both raspberries and blackberries is an important source of food for many upland gamebirds and songbirds (see Bird Table). Raccoons, fox squirrels, and chipmunks occasionally eat the fruit, while rabbits and deer browse on the foliage and stems. Photographic Location: Along a fence row at the webmaster's apartment complex. [图片]Comments: While the flowers of Black Raspberry are not very showy, the fruit has excellent flavor and is rather colorful. The prickly canes are unpleasant to walk through or mow around, although less so than many species of blackberries. While both raspberries and blackberries are members of the same genus (Rubus spp.), the drupes of raspberries detach cleanly and easily from their receptacles, while the drupes of blackberries do not. Other native raspberries in Illinois produce drupes that are red at maturity, rather than black-purple. When drupes are unavailable for observation, Black Raspberry can be identified by the following features: 1) the white petals of its flowers are narrow, rather than broad and overlapping, 2) its compound leaves are usually trifoliate, rather than palmate with 5 or more leaflets, 3) its leaflets are white-tomentose on their undersides, rather than some shade of green, and 4) young vegetative canes often have a white bloom that can be rubbed off (i.e., they are glaucous).
...显示更多
0
0
0
文章
评论
😀 😁 😂 😄 😆 😉 😊 😋 😎 😍 😘 🙂 😐 😏 😣 😯 😪 😫 😌 😜 😒 😔 😖 😤 😭 😱 😳 😵 😠
* 仅支持 .JPG .JPEG .PNG .GIF
* 图片尺寸不得小于300*300px
滚动加载更多...
301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324
article
举报 反馈

您有什么意见或建议，欢迎给我们留言。

请输入内容
提交
取消
设置
VIP
退出登录
关闭
分享

分享好文，绿手指（GFinger）养花助手见证你的成长。

关闭
请前往电脑端操作

请前往电脑端操作

关闭
转发
插入话题
SOS
办公室里的小可爱
樱花开
多肉
生活多美好
提醒好友
发布
/
提交成功 提交失败 最大图片质量 成功 警告 啊哦！ 出了点小问题 转发成功 举报 转发 显示更多 _zh 文章 求助 动态 刚刚 回复 邀你一起尬聊！ 表情 添加图片 评论 仅支持 .JPG .JPEG .PNG .GIF 图片尺寸不得小于300*300px 最少上传一张图片 请输入内容