动态第310页 - 绿手指 - 养花技巧、花生病了怎么办、花园打理和设计

2018年04月08日

每天24小时其中有1/3的时间都在办公室中度过，所以办公室的环境对于我们来说是非常重要的，下面就跟友友们分享一下办公室绿植摆放的一些技巧。 [图片]办公室植物摆放原则： 1、协调空间要注意植物与空间的协调性，植物的色彩和姿态必须和空间取得协调，让人观感舒服，并且使植物与办公的人产生密切关联，创造温馨、充满生气勃勃的祥和高效的办公环境。 2、布置方便办公空间的绿化应该讲求布置方便，常绿常青，而不必介意所种的植物品种是否为奇花异草，也不必在意能利用的空间有多大，办公室内的每个空间，都可以进行各种规模的绿化工程，绿化的关键是种些容易生长并且能令视觉愉悦的植物。 3、位置正确普遍来说，办公空间的重点都在办公室的财位上，即办公大门的对角线位置，在此可以摆放个花盆，种植花期长、又具有吉祥意味的植物，在外观上植物应呈现直上形，以营造出素雅朴实、生机勃勃的办公风貌。 4、及时打理办公室摆放着郁郁慧葱、生机盎然的花草盆栽，一方面可以愉悦视觉感官，更重贾的是，盆裁会在这个相对独立的空间里，形成一个充满生气的场，可以增加欣欣向荣的气氛。 [图片]植物推荐：现在办公坏境多样，我们在追求宜人的办公坏境时候，更加注重绿色，环保，办公室装修过程中，我们要对整个设计理念中，假如绿色设计概念，对整个绿色布局要讲究下，我们可以在放置一些花草，这样可以起到调节净化空气的作用，也可以调节心理状态，缓解疲惫，放松心情。 1、吊兰、非洲菊、无花观赏桦：主要吸收甲醛，也能分解复印机、打印机排放出的苯，并能咽下尼古丁。 2、耳蕨、长春藤、铁树：能分解3种有害物质，即存在于地毯、绝缘材料、胶合板中的甲醛，隐匿于壁纸、印刷油墨溶剂中对肾脏有害的二甲苯，藏身于染色剂和洗涤剂中的甲苯。 3、红颧花：能吸收二甲苯、甲苯和存在于化纤、溶剂及油漆中的氨。 4、龙血树(巴西铁类)、雏菊、万年青：可清除来源于复印机、激光打印机和存在于洗涤剂和粘合剂中的三氯乙烯。 5、菊花：有吸收氟化氢的能力。 6、丁香、茉莉、米兰、玫瑰：有杀灭病菌的作用。 7、万年青、发财树、铁树和金钱榕：通过光合作用，吸收二氧化碳，放出氧气，使封闭式办公室内的空气变得清爽。

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Miss Chen

2018年04月08日

下面给大家详细讲解一下植物的幼苗期、营养生长期、生殖生长期及休眠期的施肥注意事项。 [图片]1、幼苗期：幼苗期由于苗较小，对营养的要求不高。如盆土中的基肥充足.基本上不用追肥。如盆土基肥较小，可少量的追施以氮肥为主的肥料，不宜太浓。因幼苗脆弱,浓肥易将幼苗烧死。 2、营养生长期：营养生长期是花卉大量长枝发叶的时期，此时对氣肥的要求较高。应追施以氮肥为主的肥料，浓度可较幼苗期施用的追肥浓。在此时期追肥时也不能忽视肥料中的磷钾肥的含量，如果只施氮肥，植株往往疯长,并且枝叶脆弱，节间过长，株形散，且易折断。 [图片]3、生殖生长期:生殖生长期是花卉孕蕾、开花、结果的时期，此时对诱神肥的需求量较大，应追施以磷钾肥为主的肥料（如磷酸二氢钾），如果此时氮肥充足，磷钾肥不足，往往易引起开花结果减少，并且易出现落花落果的现象。 4、休眠期：冬季休眠的花卉，在秋末休眠前应注意控制氮肥的施用量，以免诱发秋梢。秋梢会消耗花卉体内贮存的营养，影响第二年生长。并且发生秋梢的植株体眠推迟，寒冬来临后往往易遭受冻害。秋季适当的追施磷钾肥有利于花卉体内的营养积累，第二年生长更加旺盛。

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Miss Chen

2018年04月08日

书房，一个储藏知识的地方，一个家中办公的地方，如何让这样的地方待起来更加轻松呢？没错，植物。那么应该摆放什么植物呢？ [图片]发财树放在书房，体现宁静的氛围。散尾葵能够有效去除空气中的苯、三氯乙烯、甲醛等有挥发性的有害物质。如学校书房没有空调，摆放散尾葵能够将室内的湿度保持在40%-60%，特别是冬季，室内湿度较低时，能有效提高室内湿度。巴西木是颇为流行的室内大型盆栽花木，尤其在较宽阔的客书房内摆放，格调高雅、质朴。金钱树是颇为流行的室内大型盆景植物，尤其在较宽阔的客厅、书房、起居室内摆放，格调高雅、质朴，并带有南国情调。 [图片]绿萝是比较常见植物，大盆绿萝放在书房显得大气，而且绿萝很好养，有净化空气的作用。成都植物租摆书房植物摆放春羽叶片巨大，呈粗大的羽状深裂，浓绿色，且富有光泽，叶柄长而粗壮，气生根极发达而被垂，株形优美，整个观赏效果好；同时它又耐阴，是极好的室内喜阴观叶植物。它适于布置宾馆的大厅、室内花园、办公室及家庭的客厅、书房等处。用虎尾兰来净化空气起到良好的作用。研究表明，虎尾兰可吸收室内部分有害气体，并能有效地清除二氧化硫、氯、乙醚、乙烯、一氧化碳、过氧化氮等有害物。

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Miss Chen

2018年04月08日

新装修的房子，除了一些异味以外，还会充斥的对人身体极有害的物质——甲醛，除了正常的通风外，我们还可以选一些植物来帮助我们进化空气，今天小编就给大家介绍几种适合装修完房子摆放的植物： [图片]1、仙人掌：大部分植物都是在白天吸收二氧化碳释放氧气，在夜间则相反。仙人掌、虎皮兰、景天、芦荟和吊兰等却都是一直吸收二氧化碳释放氧气的。这些植物都非常容易成活。 2、吊兰：一盆吊兰在8至10平方米的房间就相当于一个空气净化器，即使是在没有装修的房间里，养一盆吊兰对人的健康也很有好处。家里刚装修完，摆些什么植物好？如果想尽快驱除新居的刺鼻味道，可以用灯光照射植物。植物一经光的照射，生命力就特别旺盛，光合作用也就加强，释放出来的氧气比无光照射条件下多几倍。 3、平安树，目前，市面上比较流行的平安树和樟树等大型植物，它们自身能释放出一种清新的气体，让人精神愉悦。平安树也叫“肉桂”。在购买这种植物时一定要注意盆土，根和土结合紧凑的是盆栽的，反之则是地栽的。购买时要选择盆栽的，因为盆栽的植物已经本土化，容易成活。 [图片]4、芦荟：芦荟有一定的吸收异味作用，且还有美化居室的效果，作用时间较长。 5、绿色带果植物盆景：水果是最好的除味剂，如洋梨、橘子、香瓜、小南瓜等。将带果植物盆景放在新房内，既环保，香味又自然，还有益健康。

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Miss Chen

2018年04月06日

Description: This perennial wildflower is 1-4' tall. Initially, evergreen basal leaves are produced, forming a rosette about 4-6" across; these leaves develop during the late fall and persist into the spring. Later, a central stem develops that becomes branched in the upper half. Both the central and lateral stems are terete and evenly pubescent. Along each stem, there are alternate leaves up to 4" long and 2½" across. These leaves are variable in shape: the lower leaves are cordate to ovate-cordate (like the basal leaves), the middle leaves are ovate-cordate to lanceolate, while the upper leaves are linear to short and scale-like. The alternate leaves become smaller in size as they ascend the stems. They are dull medium green, sparsely short-canescent on their upper surfaces, and more densely short-pubescent on their upper surfaces. The margins of the leaves are usually smooth, although some leaves may be sparsely dentate-crenate. [图片]The central stem terminates in a panicle of flowerheads that is about twice as long as it is across; the stronger upper stems often produce smaller panicles of flowerheads. The collective weight of these flowerheads often causes the entire plant to lean partially sideways. Each daisy-like flowerhead is ¾–1¼" across, consisting of 20-35 rays florets and a similar number of disk florets. Depending on the local genotype of the plant, some flowerheads may have up to 50 ray florets, but this is less common. The ray florets of the flowers are usually blue-violet, but sometimes they are white. The disk florets are yellow, but become more orange-red colored with age. At the base of each flowerhead, there are several series of strongly recurved floral bracts. These bracts are linear-lanceolate in shape and usually finely pubescent. The blooming period occurs from late summer into the fall and lasts about 1-2 months. Usually, several flowers are in bloom at the same time. There is no noticeable floral scent. Each disk or ray floret is replaced by a small achene that is narrowly obovoid. At the apex of each achene, there is a small tuft of tawny hairs. These achenes are distributed by the wind. The root system is fibrous and short-rhizomatous. Older plants may produce a small caudex. Vegetative offsets can develop from the rhizomes. [图片]Cultivation: The preference is partial sun, mesic to dry conditions, and soil containing clay-loam or rocky-loam. Decaying organic material is beneficial to growth and helps to retain moisture. Like other woodland asters, this species often leans over to one side when it flowers. Range & Habitat: The native Many-Rayed Aster is largely restricted to west-central and south-west Illinois, where it is uncommon to occasional (see Distribution Map). Elsewhere in the state, it is absent. This species is endemic to the mid-section of the United States, where it is found primarily in Arkansas, Missouri, and Illinois. Habitats include upland oak woodlands, upland oak savannas, thinly wooded bluffs along major rivers, partially shaded cliffs, rocky ledges, and various kinds of glades (limestone, sandstone, chert, etc.). This aster is fairly conservative ecologically, but it will adapt to minor levels of disturbance and probably benefits from occasional wildfires. Faunal Associations: The nectar and pollen of the flowers attract a variety of insects, including long-tongued bees, short-tongued bees, Syrphid flies, bee flies, and small- to medium-sized butterflies. A specialist pollinator of asters is the bee Andrena simplex. Many insects feed on various parts of asters (leaves, flowerheads, stems, etc.), including the caterpillars of the butterflies Chlosyne nycteis (Silvery Checkerspot) and Phyciodes tharos (Pearl Crescent); other species are listed in the Moth Table (moths & butterflies) and the Insect Table (primarily aphids, leaf beetles, & plant bugs). The Ruffed Grouse and Wild Turkey feed on the leaves, flowerheads, and seeds of asters (especially those species occurring in woodlands and savannas). Mammals feeding on asters include the White-Tailed Deer (foliage), Cottontail Rabbit (foliage), and White-Footed Mouse (seeds). Asters help to provide cover for wildlife. [图片]Photographic Location: The wildflower garden of the webmaster in Urbana, Illinois. Comments: There are many aster species in Illinois (over 35), and this is one of the less common species. In many ways, Many-Rayed Aster resembles the more common Symphyotrichum drummondii (Drummond's Aster), but the former has larger flowerheads (at least ¾" across) with strongly recurved floral bracts. In contrast, Drummond's Aster (and many other woodland/savanna asters) has flowerheads about ½–¾" across and straight floral bracts. As the common name suggests, Many-Rayed Aster has abundant ray florets (20-35 or more), while other woodland/savanna asters typically have 10-20 ray florets. I am somewhat partial to Many-Rayed Aster because it is easy to grow, the flowerheads are a little larger in size, and they are usually more showy than the flowerheads of other woodland/savanna asters. A scientific synonym of this species is Aster anomalus, and another common name is Cliff Aster.

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Miss Chen

2018年04月06日

Description: This branching shrub is 2-4' tall. The trunk and lower branches are woody and brown; they are covered with strips of loose shaggy bark. The middle to upper branches are reddish purple to brown and variably hairy. The blades of the opposite leaves are up to 2" long and 1¼" across; they are oval-ovate and smooth along their margins. The upper surface of each leaf blade is medium green and hairless to slightly pubescent, while the lower surface is whitish green and slightly pubescent to very pubescent. Each leaf has a short petiole up to ¼" long. Leaf venation is pinnate. At the axils of some leaves, there develops dense clusters of greenish yellow flowers that are sessile, or nearly so. Each flower is about ¼" long, consisting of a short tubular corolla with 5 lobes, a short green calyx with 5 teeth, and an inferior ovary that is pale green and globoid-ovoid in shape. Inside the corolla, there are 5 stamens surrounding a hairy style. The blooming period occurs during the late spring or summer. Each flower is replaced by a berry containing 2 seeds. The mature berries are about ¼" long, reddish purple, and ovoid-globoid in shape; the texture of their flesh is somewhat dry. The seeds are oblongoid and flattened. The root system consists of a woody branching taproot. [图片]Cultivation: Coralberry adapts to partial sun, moist to dry conditions, and a loamy or rocky soil. Range & Habitat: The native Coralberry is occasional to locally common in the southern half of Illinois, becoming less common or absent in the northern half of the state (see Distribution Map). Habitats include thin rocky woodlands, woodland openings, woodland borders, areas along woodland paths, powerline clearances in wooded areas, thickets, and limestone glades. Sometimes this shrub is grown as an ornamental plant in gardens, from which it occasionally escapes. Disturbance in wooded areas is beneficial if it reduces excessive shade from overhead trees. [图片]Faunal Associations: The flowers attract bees, wasps, and flies primarily. These insects suck nectar from the flowers, although some of the bees also collect pollen. The caterpillars of the moths Hemaris diffinis (Snowberry Clearwing), Hemaris thysbe (Hummingbird Clearwing), and Hesperumia sulphuraria (Sulfur Moth) feed on the foliage of Coralberry and other Symphoricarpos spp. The aphid Apathargelia symphoricarpi and the thrips Thrips winnemanae suck juices from the undersides of the leaves. The berries persist into the fall and winter and are eaten primarily by Robins (Turdus migratorius); the buds and berries are also eaten by the Bobwhite. Coralberry is a favorite food plant of the White-Tailed Deer and it is often heavily browsed. Because of its dense branching habit and abundant leaves, this shrub provides good cover for wildlife. Photographic Location: A powerline clearance at Busey Woods in Urbana, Illinois. [图片]Comments: Coralberry is a rather small sprawling shrub with attractive foliage and berries. It is an easy shrub to identify in natural areas, particularly during the fall, because of the purplish red berries. Other Symphoricarpos spp. (Snowberry, Wolfberry) in Illinois have white or greenish white berries. A related group of plants, Lonicera spp. (Honeysuckles), are either vines or upright shrubs. Like Coralberry, Honeysuckles often produce berries in clusters near the leaves, but their berries are usually bright red and more juicy. Generally, the corollas of Honeysuckle flowers are larger in size than those of Coralberry, and they have long slender lobes. All of these plants produce pairs of opposite leaves on woody stems; the margins of their leaves are smooth or slightly wavy, but they never have teeth, unlike the leaves of many other shrubs. Another common name of Symphoricarpos orbiculatus is Buckbrush, which refers to the attractiveness of this shrub to deer as a food plant.

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Miss Chen

2018年04月06日

Description: This perennial wildflower is 4-12" tall; it is branched at the base and often branched above. The ascending to erect stems are light to medium green, hairy, and terete. Alternate trifoliate leaves occur at intervals along the stems. The leaflets are ½-1½" long and 4-8 mm. across; they are elliptic in shape, while their margins are entire (smooth) and ciliate. The upper leaflet surface is medium green and glabrous to sparsely short-pubescent, while the lower leaflet surface is light green and sparsely short-pubescent. The petioles of the trifoliate leaves are up to ¼" long, light green, and hairy. The base of each petiole and a portion of the adjacent stem are surrounded by a pair of of green to brown stipules; each stipule tapers to a ciliate beak. The terminal leaflets have petiolules (basal stalklets) up to ¼" long, while the lateral leaflets are sessile (or nearly so). Leaf venation is pinnate; the veins along the upper leaflet surfaces often appear to be shiny. The flowers are produced individually (rare in clusters) from the axils of the leaves. The pedicels of the flowers are up to ¼" long. Each flower has 5 yellow petals, a light green calyx with 4-5 lobes, and the enclosed reproductive organs. The petals are arranged in a pea-like floral structure, consisting of a large banner, a pair of forward-projecting wings, and an enclosed keel. The flowers are oriented either laterally (with erect banners) or they are held erect (with the banners at the bottom). [图片]The blooming period occurs from late spring to late summer, lasting about 1½-3 months. Only a few flowers are in bloom at the same time. The flowers are replaced by small seedpods consisting of two segments: the first segment is infertile and stipe-like in shape, while the second segment contains a single seed. The root system consists of a taproot. This plant spreads by reseeding itself. Cultivation: The preference is full or partial sun, mesic to dry conditions, and a somewhat acidic infertile soil where there is reduced competition from other kinds of ground vegetation. Range & Habitat: The native Pencil Flower is fairly common in southern Illinois, while in the rest of the state it is rare or absent (see Distribution Map). Illinois lies along the northern range limit of this species. Habitats consist of upland rocky woodlands, bluffs, upland savannas, sandstone glades, prairies, and fields. Pencil Flower occurs in both higher quality natural areas and disturbed areas, especially where sandstone is close to the ground surface. Faunal Associations: The flowers of Pencil Flower are cross-pollinated primarily by bees (Robertson, 1929). This is one of the host plants of a leaf beetle, Sumitrosis ancoroides. The foliage is highly palatable to hoofed mammalian herbivores (Banta & Thro, 1995). Photographic Location: An upland rocky woodland in southern Illinois. Comments: Because it produces relatively few flowers at the same time and it is relatively small in size, Pencil Flower is fairly easy to overlook. It can be distinguished from similar species in the Bean family by the shiny veins on its leaves, stipules with beak-like ciliate tips, and asymmetrical seedpods (a narrow infertile segment followed by a broader fertile segment). There is some variability of this species across its range in regards to the hairiness of its stems, the erectness of its stems, whether flowers are produced individually or in small groups, etc. At the present time, these are regarded as variations of a single polymorphic species.

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Miss Chen

2018年04月06日

Description: This plant is a trailing or climbing annual vine about 3-9' long that branches occasionally. The slender stems are light green, gray-green, or dull red, terete, and hairy; they can climb by twining around the stems or branches of neighboring plants. Alternate trifoliate leaves occur at intervals along the stems. The leaflets are 1-2" long and ½–1¼" across; the terminal leaflet is usually a little larger than the lateral leaflets. The leaflets are broadly lanceolate to ovate with well-rounded bases and smooth margins; the terminal leaflet has a short stalk at its base (petiolule), while the lateral leaflets are nearly sessile. For this variety of Strophostyles helvula, the leaflets lack obtuse basal lobes, unlike the typical variety. The upper leaflet surfaces are medium green and hairless (or nearly so), while their lowers surfaces are pale green and hairless (or nearly so). The slender petioles of the trifoliate leaves are about 1-2" long; they are usually slightly pubescent. At the base of each petiole, there is a pair of tiny linear-lanceolate stipules. At the axils of some leaves, there develops individual stalks (peduncles) of flowers; these stalks are 3-6" long. At the apex of each stalk, there is a dense cluster of 3-10 nearly sessile flowers; usually only 1-2 flowers are in bloom at the same time. Each flower is about 1/3" long or a little more, its petals consisting of a large rounded banner, a pair of slender lateral petals, and a narrow keel that is curled upward. These petals are light pink to pink, fading to white or pale green; at the bottom of the banner, there is a small patch of yellow. At the base of each flower, there is a short tubular calyx with 5 teeth; this calyx is sparsely hairy. At the base of each calyx, there are lanceolate tiny bracts with pointed tips that are about the same length as the calyx. The blooming period occurs from mid-summer to early fall and lasts about 2 months. Each fertile flower is replaced by a cylindrical seedpod that is 2–3½" long at maturity. The seedpod is initially green, but later becomes dark brown; it is nearly glabrous to sparsely hairy. Individual seeds are about ¼" long, oblongoid in shape, and pubescent. Each seedpod eventually divides into two parts to disperse the seeds. [图片]Cultivation: The preference is partial sun, moist to mesic conditions, and soil containing sand, loam, silt, or gravelly soil. The root system can fix nitrogen in the soil. Range & Habitat: This native wildflower is occasional throughout Illinois (see Distribution Map); the map does not differentiate between var. missouriensis and the typical variety, Strophostyles helvula helvula (Trailing Fuzzy Bean). Missouri Fuzzy Bean is less common than the typical variety and it is found primarily in counties along the Mississippi River. Habitats of both varieties include open woodlands (including sandy and rocky woodlands), thickets and sandy thickets, riverbanks, sand bars and gravel bars along rivers, abandoned fields, and areas along railroads. Habitats with some history of disturbance are preferred. [图片]Faunal Associations: The flowers are cross-pollinated by bees, especially Large Leaf-Cutting bees (Megachile spp.) and bumblebees. One bee species, Megachile integra, is a specialist pollinator (oligolege) of Strophostyles spp. (Fuzzy Beans). Both nectar and pollen are available as floral rewards. Missouri Fuzzy Bean also has extra-floral nectaries, which attract primarily wasps, flies, ants, and small Halictid bees. The extra-floral nectaries may prevent nectar thieves (e.g., ants) from stealing nectar from the flowers, or they may attract insects (e.g., ants & wasps) that help to protect the plant from insects that feed on the foliage. Insect feeders of the foliage include the caterpillars of Thorybes bathyllus (Southern Cloudywing), Epargyreus clarus (Silver-Spotted Skipper), and Urbanus proteus (Long-Tailed Skipper). The leaf beetles Cerotoma trifurcata and Sumitrosis ancoroides also feed on the foliage. The seeds are eaten by such birds as the Wild Turkey, Bobwhite, and Mourning Dove, while the foliage is readily consumed by cattle, deer, and probably other mammalian herbivores. Photographic Location: The wildflower garden of the webmaster in Urbana, Illinois. [图片]Comments: Missouri Fuzzy Bean is one of several species in the Fabaceae (Bean family) that are vines. It has fairly typical pea-like flowers for species in this family, except that the keels of the flowers curl upward in an odd manner. Another distinctive characteristic of Strophostyles spp. (Fuzzy Beans) is the production of dense clusters of flowers on long stalks (although only a few flowers bloom at the same time per cluster). The common name 'Fuzzy Bean' refers to the hairiness of the seedpods and/or the pubescent seeds of many species in this genus. As already mentioned, Missouri Fuzzy Bean differs from the typical variety, Strophostyles helvula helvula (Trailing Fuzzy Bean), by the lack of obtuse basal lobes on its leaflets. Because of this characteristic, Missouri Fuzzy Bean can be difficult to distinguish from Strophostyles umbellata (Perennial Fuzzy Bean), which has similar leaflets. For Missouri Fuzzy Bean, the tiny bracts at the base of each flower are about as long as the calyx and they have pointed tips. In contrast, the tiny bracts of Perennial Fuzzy Bean are only one-half as long as the calyx and they have blunt tips. Another species, Strophostyles leiosperma (Small Fuzzy Bean), has smaller leaves and flowers, while the calyx of each flower is densely hairy. Sometimes the scientific name Strophostyles helvula is spelled 'Strophostyles helvola,' which is apparently incorrect.

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Miss Chen

2018年04月06日

Description: This perennial wildflower is 1-5' tall and either unbranched or sparingly so. The central stem is erect, terete, densely hairy or pubescent, and light green to brownish red. The alternate leaves are up to 4" long and 1½" across; they are ovate, narrowly ovate, ovate-lanceolate, or ovate-oblanceolate in shape with crenate-serrate margins. The upper surfaces of the leaves are deeply indented by pinnate veins; this characteristic provides them with a somewhat wrinkled appearance. Additionally, the upper surfaces of the leaves are slightly pubescent to hairless, medium to dark green, and usually dull-colored. The central stem terminates in a panicle of yellow flowerheads of variable shape and size. Small plants often have narrow panicles that resemble racemes, while large plants often have broad panicles with spreading-recurved branches. The upper stems of some large plants may produce panicles that are smaller than that of the central stem. [图片]Each yellow flowerhead spans about 1/8" (3 mm.) across, consisting of 4-8 ray florets and a similar number of tubular disk florets. The base of each flowerhead consists of overlapping scale-like bracts that are yellowish-green. The branches of larger panicles often have small leafy bracts. The blooming period can occur from mid-summer into the fall and lasts about 1-2 months. Each fertile floret is replaced by a small bullet-shaped achene with a short tuft of hairs at its apex. The root system is fibrous and rhizomatous. Vegetative colonies of plants are often formed by the spreading rhizomes. Cultivation: The preference is full sun to light shade, moist conditions, and soil that is sandy, loamy, or gravelly with a slightly acid pH. Range & Habitat: The native Wrinkled-Leaved Goldenrod occurs primarily in the southwest corner of Illinois, where it is uncommon. Elsewhere in the state, it is rare or absent (see Distribution Map). Illinois lies at the NW range limit of this species. Habitats include low open woodlands, thickets, sandy swamps, wet sandy prairies, sandy banks of marshes, acid gravelly seeps, sand dunes, and rocky bluffs or cliffs. Usually, this goldenrod is found in moist areas that are sandy or where sandstone is close to the ground surface. Sometimes it is found in gardens, although some cultivars of this species bear little resemblance to the native plants. Faunal Associations: The nectar and pollen of the flowers attract a wide variety of insects, including small bees, wasps, flies, small butterflies, skippers, and beetles. The caterpillars of many moth species feed on various parts of goldenrods (see Moth Table), while several leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae) feed primarily on the foliage (see Leaf Beetle Table). Other insects that feed on goldenrods include various plant bugs, stink bugs, lace bugs, treehoppers, and leafhoppers; the Bug Table lists some of these species. Insectivorous birds benefit indirectly from goldenrods because of the numerous insects that they attract. Other birds feed directly on goldenrods to a minor extent, including the Indigo Bunting (seeds), Eastern Goldfinch (seeds), Swamp Sparrow (seeds), Ruffed Grouse (leaves), and Greater Prairie Chicken (leaves). White-Tailed Deer and Cottontail Rabbits feed on young foliage to a limited extent, while Meadow Voles eat both the seeds and foliage. Photographic Location: A sandy bank along a marsh at Jasper-Pulaski Fish and Wildlife Area in northwestern Indiana. The photographed plant is a dwarf (about 1½' tall) that may have been mowed earlier in the year. Comments: Across it range in the eastern United States, this goldenrod is somewhat variable in appearance. Nonetheless, Wrinkle-Leaved Goldenrod can be distinguished from other goldenrods as follows: 1) the central stem is quite hairy or pubescent, 2) the upper surfaces of the leaves have a wrinkled appearance because of the indentations of their pinnate veins, and 3) individual leaves lack 3 prominent veins that run parallel to each other. This latter characteristic is typical of Solidago canadensis (Canada Goldenrod), Solidago gigantea (Giant Goldenrod), and similar goldenrods. Two other species, Solidago ulmifolia (Elm-Leaved Goldenrod) and Solidago patula (Swamp Goldenrod), have stems that are glabrous or only slightly hairy and their leaves tend to be more thin in texture and shiny than those of Wrinkle-Leaved Goldenrod. Other common names of Solidago rugosa include 'Rough-Stemmed Goldenrod,' 'Rough Goldenrod,' and 'Rough-Leaved Goldenrod.'

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Miss Chen

2018年04月06日

很多友友都是被多肉的外表所吸引，而冲动的买了它。但是回到家后才发现，自己对它一无所知。那么下面就告诉你怎么养。 [图片]多肉养护 1、如果你是通过网购途径购买脱土的肉肉，收到货一定要及时打开包裹，把肉肉通风，特别是夏天，不然黑腐可不是件小事。之后要检查肉肉是否有虫子或者其他脏东西，如果有虫害（特别是粉根介），须要立即清除，杜绝虫源入侵。另外还需检查肉肉的茎和叶是否有病斑或者黑腐，如果有的话，那么就要联系卖家退换货，新手对不健康的肉肉要坚决说no！ 2、如果你是在实体店买肉肉，同样也要对肉肉进行检查，一般大棚出来的肉肉都是经过杀虫灭菌处理的，所以大可不必恐慌。原来的植料要不要保留随你，带土移植一般可以提高成活率。多肉养护修根裸根的肉肉到手后，需要进行简单的修根处理，把多余的土抖掉，去掉干瘪腐烂的叶片和须根，保留主根就行了，伤口可以用干硫磺粉涂抹，也可以放到阴凉通风处晾干一两天，使得伤口愈合，避免伤口感染而黑腐。 [图片]多肉选盆在晾根的时候你就可以准备盆和土啦，选盆对新手来说，一般有以下选择： 1、“小黑方”：小黑方价格便宜，整齐划一，适合一个萝卜一个坑的种植，可以节省阳台空间。 2、“红陶盆”：红陶盆价格也便宜，透气性良好，度夏有保证，因为水分散逸较快，所以对新手来说不是那么好控制浇水。 3、“紫砂盆”：透水透气性极佳的紫砂盆也是新手的首选，古朴的造型搭配老桩非常和谐，但是价格相对较昂贵。 4、“韩式粗陶盆”：现在不仅是韩国景天大举入侵，韩国风格的盆子也逐渐成为主流，一般都是外壁上釉，内部为粗陶胚子，有利于透气。 5、“白瓷盆”：白瓷盆透气性差，不合理控制浇水的话，容易造成土壤积水，所以对新手来说是有难度的。盆器多种多样，一双旧靴子，一个铁皮盒都可以成为肉肉们的新家，总之选盆要具体情况具体分析，根据肉肉的品种，家里的环境，配土的成分进行选择，一般要遵循：“透水性好、底部有孔”。多肉配土大部分肉肉还是喜欢疏水透气的植料，从功能上可分为三种： 1、定植土：目的是为了固定植物，提供养分给肉肉生长。一般使用花鸟市场或者大棚常见的多肉种植土就可以了。如果你喜欢自己配土也可以的，一般是“泥炭土4份+珍珠岩2份+火山石2份+蛭石2份”即可，多肉君一般是用“煤渣3份+大颗粒河沙2+园土5份”的平民配土法。 2、垫底植料：目的是为了让土壤不会过分积水。避免肉肉烂根或者由于土壤潮湿导致病菌滋生，从而造成各种病症的发生。一般选用陶粒等大颗粒，粗筛的煤渣也是不错的选择，具有吸附杂质的木炭也可以。 3、铺面植料：目的主要是为了美观，兼带有一些小功能。铺面植料来源很广泛，比如白色小石子，赤玉土、桐生砂、鹿沼土等，大家可以根据盆器和植物的不同进行合理的选择，最终的目的还是为了装饰上的美观和固定植株。其实每个人的配土方法都不同，关键还是要根据当地的气候和植物的品种来进行配置。多肉定值等植物伤口完全愈合了，就可以上盆啦，盆底垫上大颗粒的植料，比如陶粒等，这样有利于排水透气。之后用潮土干栽，（即土感觉有点潮，手抓起来感觉是湿润的，但是松开后不会粘在一起而是散开就行），这样可以促进植物长出新根。最后铺上喜欢的铺面石，放在光线明亮的通风处（不能暴晒），先不要浇水，3-4天后可以在土表喷一些水，一周左右浇透水一次，等肉肉叶片饱满，新叶子长出来，就可以逐渐见太阳，正常养护了。多肉浇水定植好了之后，就是肉肉的日常养护，浇水一般是干透浇透，即一次性给足水，直到底孔渗出，然后再等到干的差不多了，再浇透一次。通常肉肉在春秋季节是生长最迅速的，凉爽的天气和适宜的温度让肉肉需要较多的水分，这时候可以一周浇两次水，一般在傍晚浇水为宜。夏天气候炎热，肉肉会进入休眠状态，这时候要适当断水，切勿手贱频繁浇水，导致肉肉黑腐而死，一般1-2周浇一次，而且平常要保持干燥和通风。北方冬天较冷，一般低于5°或者零下，就要把肉肉要挪到室内养护，一般一周浇一次水。南方的冬天肉肉一般无压力，所以还是可以正常养护。那到底浇水怎么去掌控呢？ a、看叶片：如果健康的叶片表明起皱纹，整个儿缩起来，或者有些品种叶片耷拉着，无精打采的样子，那就是肉肉反馈出来的一个“口渴”的信号； b、看土壤：新手可以观察土壤中的水分变化，有个简单的办法，用手掂量下重量，水分充足和水分缺乏时的盆土重量是相差很多的。另外，如果土的外缘和盆的內缘形成一道缝隙，土表龟裂，这也是缺水的表现； c、看盆器：红陶盆等透气性很好的盆器不容易保持住水分，所以可以根据具体情况多浇水；白瓷盆或者无孔的盆器，就要根据具体情况减少浇水； d、看配土：配土疏松透气可以根据具体情况多浇，配土细致紧密，就要考虑少浇水了。日照多肉光照在生长期，很多肉肉都需要充足的日照，一般一天要在4~6个小时为宜，不同品种和状态肉肉对光照的要求不同，比如花期就需要更长的日照促进开花；刚上盆的肉肉就不好露着暴晒；大戟科的肉肉很喜欢日照等。阴着养会使肉肉的叶片间隔变大、颜色褪去、茎干变得脆弱，叶片畸形，抵御外界的抗性下降，变得特别难看，不过别担心，如果循序渐进的让其接受光照一阵子，肉肉还是会变的萌萌哒。切记夏天气温超过30摄氏度要进行遮阴处理，状态难看点不要紧，保命为大。病害 ★虫害这里主要讲介壳虫。肉界流传着这么一句话：连续大雨+连续高温+暴晒=僵尸粉（僵苗、尸体、根粉介），虽然好笑，但也从侧面说明了大家对介壳虫是多么的深恶痛绝。这种瘟神不仅仅会吸食肉肉地面部分，还会藏匿在土壤中，常在肉肉须根周围可以发现白色棉絮状的东西，就是他们的功劳。所以防治介壳虫是肉友们必须get的基本技能。日常防治我们需要做到： a、确保植物和植料都是不带任何虫源的。 b、一旦在植物地面部分发现虫子，绝不姑息！如果只是少量，可以用竹签挑出来戳死（必须的），也可以用清水洗净。如果是大量爆发，而且虫子们还无耻地藏匿在叶片缝隙等我们难以够着的部位，那就要动真格了。一般网上和实体都可以买到多肉植物杀虫专用药（多肉君用的是吡虫灭多威，农药店老板推荐的），浓度要配比适宜，药液装在喷壶中，对着长虫子的部分要仔细喷一遍，没有虫子的地方也要喷一般当预防。期间要注意两点：1、施药一般在傍晚为宜，要在通风的环境下施用。2、施药频率为两周一次，没有虫害就不用很频繁地用药。 c、如果虫子们机智地藏在土里，也不要慌张，一般可以进行换土处理，仔细分开根系，把带有虫源的土去除干净，换上新土。如果你不想换盆，那就用浸盆法，即将盆器底部浸没在药液中，大概是1到2分钟即可。 d、很多人都注意到，爆发介壳虫的地方，往往有蚂蚁们群聚。这可不是什么好事，因为很多时候蚂蚁和粉根介是互惠关系，他们吸食介壳虫分泌的蜜汁，回报地将虫子搬运到其他植株，这或许可以解释了介壳虫为什么爆发范围会这么广。根据一些大神的经验，蚂蚁也是留不得的。 ★菌害菌害通常表现为黑腐、黑斑或者锈斑。这些都是由病菌或者细菌引起的。 a、平时浇水要控制，具体情况具体分析，不能造成土壤过分积水。 b、一旦发现有病株应立即隔离，以免感染其他肉肉。 c、平时要改善通风条件，还可定期喷杀菌剂。你还要知道一些小知识：一般黑腐的植株叶片不可以叶插，病株待过的土壤需要隔离并且进行灭菌处理等等。看了达人的独家养肉经验，不知道对大家是否有所帮助？其实种肉还有很多小知识小窍门，平常要靠大家摸索，走一条适合自己实际情况的路子，这样才能把肉肉养的更好哟~最后想愿意分享的多肉君致敬！

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