动态第310页 - 绿手指 - 养花技巧、花生病了怎么办、花园打理和设计

2018年04月08日

第一步：摘心通过钎插或播种繁殖的小苗大多采用摘心的方法，可促使其多分枝和多花头、多开花，形成优美的株形，此法在室内观叶花卉的植株调整中应用比较普及；摘心也叫打尖或打顶，是将植株顶端细小的生长点部分去掉；破坏其枝条或植株的顶端优势，促使其下部两个或更多个隐芽（或潜在芽）萌发成新的枝条；为了收到较好的效果，有时可连续2－3次摘心，使一个顶尖能萌发出6－8个分枝，摘心通常用于草本或小灌木状的观赏植物；另外，可以通过摘心抑制植株的过快生长，促进枝条生长得充实，花和果实更大，观赏效果更好。 [图片]第二步：疏剪对生长过于旺盛的植株，应适时地疏剪植株内的枝条或摘除过密的叶片，以改善其通风透光条件，使其生长得健壮，花和果实的颜色更艳丽；有些盆栽花卉往往花蕾形成过多；如茶花，为了花开得好，使花开得艳丽而味香，必须适当地剥蕾，每一小枝留1－2朵花就可以了，多余的花蕾全部用手掰掉；疏花尽量提前进行，以免消耗过多的养分，一般应在能够区分出花芽和叶芽以后便可以进行；否则，长势比较弱的植株，开成花蕾多，若任其全部开放，植株养分消耗过多，会严重影响其以后的生长；另栽在室内的观叶植物，还应经常将植株上的枯黄叶片、枝条及时摘除和剪掉，以保持清洁和减轻病虫危害。第三步：抹头许多观叶植物栽种数年后，植株过于高大；有些在室内栽培有一定困难，或下部叶片脱落、株形较差，失去观赏价值，这时候需要彻底更新，进行重新修剪或抹头，如大型乔木植物橡皮树、大灌木状的千年林、鹅掌柴、大型草本植物大王黛粉叶等，生长到一定程度时均需进行重修剪；通常的作法是在春季新梢萌发之前抹头，将植株上部全部前掉；留主干的高低视不同种类而定，抹头后的植株根部亦需相应调整，应清理掉腐朽的老根和旧土，用新培养土重新栽植，待其重新萌发、生长成新的植株，剪下的枝条可用作钎插繁殖用材料。 [图片]第四步：去异在室内观赏植物中，有许多花叶品种是绿叶植株芽变形成的，在花叶品种的栽培中常常出现返祖现象而萌发出完全绿色的枝条；这些完全绿色的枝条就称为异枝条，异枝条不具本品种的特性；同时因全绿色枝条生长速度远远超过花叶枝条，如果不及时将绿色枝条剪掉，则花叶部分很快全部被绿化枝叶覆盖，失去原来花叶品种的特点；因此对花叶品种的观叶植物，如花叶薜荔、花叶扶桑的栽培中，应经常注意随时剪掉植株上萌生出的全绿色枝条，以保持花叶观叶植物的正常生长和具有良好的观赏价值。

...显示更多

4

2

0

文章

😀 😁 😂 😄 😆 😉 😊 😋 😎 😍 😘 🙂 😐 😏 😣 😯 😪 😫 😌 😜 😒 😔 😖 😤 😭 😱 😳 😵 😠

* 仅支持 .JPG .JPEG .PNG .GIF

* 图片尺寸不得小于300*300px

Miss Chen

2018年04月08日

每天24小时其中有1/3的时间都在办公室中度过，所以办公室的环境对于我们来说是非常重要的，下面就跟友友们分享一下办公室绿植摆放的一些技巧。 [图片]办公室植物摆放原则： 1、协调空间要注意植物与空间的协调性，植物的色彩和姿态必须和空间取得协调，让人观感舒服，并且使植物与办公的人产生密切关联，创造温馨、充满生气勃勃的祥和高效的办公环境。 2、布置方便办公空间的绿化应该讲求布置方便，常绿常青，而不必介意所种的植物品种是否为奇花异草，也不必在意能利用的空间有多大，办公室内的每个空间，都可以进行各种规模的绿化工程，绿化的关键是种些容易生长并且能令视觉愉悦的植物。 3、位置正确普遍来说，办公空间的重点都在办公室的财位上，即办公大门的对角线位置，在此可以摆放个花盆，种植花期长、又具有吉祥意味的植物，在外观上植物应呈现直上形，以营造出素雅朴实、生机勃勃的办公风貌。 4、及时打理办公室摆放着郁郁慧葱、生机盎然的花草盆栽，一方面可以愉悦视觉感官，更重贾的是，盆裁会在这个相对独立的空间里，形成一个充满生气的场，可以增加欣欣向荣的气氛。 [图片]植物推荐：现在办公坏境多样，我们在追求宜人的办公坏境时候，更加注重绿色，环保，办公室装修过程中，我们要对整个设计理念中，假如绿色设计概念，对整个绿色布局要讲究下，我们可以在放置一些花草，这样可以起到调节净化空气的作用，也可以调节心理状态，缓解疲惫，放松心情。 1、吊兰、非洲菊、无花观赏桦：主要吸收甲醛，也能分解复印机、打印机排放出的苯，并能咽下尼古丁。 2、耳蕨、长春藤、铁树：能分解3种有害物质，即存在于地毯、绝缘材料、胶合板中的甲醛，隐匿于壁纸、印刷油墨溶剂中对肾脏有害的二甲苯，藏身于染色剂和洗涤剂中的甲苯。 3、红颧花：能吸收二甲苯、甲苯和存在于化纤、溶剂及油漆中的氨。 4、龙血树(巴西铁类)、雏菊、万年青：可清除来源于复印机、激光打印机和存在于洗涤剂和粘合剂中的三氯乙烯。 5、菊花：有吸收氟化氢的能力。 6、丁香、茉莉、米兰、玫瑰：有杀灭病菌的作用。 7、万年青、发财树、铁树和金钱榕：通过光合作用，吸收二氧化碳，放出氧气，使封闭式办公室内的空气变得清爽。

...显示更多

1

0

文章

😀 😁 😂 😄 😆 😉 😊 😋 😎 😍 😘 🙂 😐 😏 😣 😯 😪 😫 😌 😜 😒 😔 😖 😤 😭 😱 😳 😵 😠

* 仅支持 .JPG .JPEG .PNG .GIF

* 图片尺寸不得小于300*300px

Miss Chen

2018年04月08日

下面给大家详细讲解一下植物的幼苗期、营养生长期、生殖生长期及休眠期的施肥注意事项。 [图片]1、幼苗期：幼苗期由于苗较小，对营养的要求不高。如盆土中的基肥充足.基本上不用追肥。如盆土基肥较小，可少量的追施以氮肥为主的肥料，不宜太浓。因幼苗脆弱,浓肥易将幼苗烧死。 2、营养生长期：营养生长期是花卉大量长枝发叶的时期，此时对氣肥的要求较高。应追施以氮肥为主的肥料，浓度可较幼苗期施用的追肥浓。在此时期追肥时也不能忽视肥料中的磷钾肥的含量，如果只施氮肥，植株往往疯长,并且枝叶脆弱，节间过长，株形散，且易折断。 [图片]3、生殖生长期:生殖生长期是花卉孕蕾、开花、结果的时期，此时对诱神肥的需求量较大，应追施以磷钾肥为主的肥料（如磷酸二氢钾），如果此时氮肥充足，磷钾肥不足，往往易引起开花结果减少，并且易出现落花落果的现象。 4、休眠期：冬季休眠的花卉，在秋末休眠前应注意控制氮肥的施用量，以免诱发秋梢。秋梢会消耗花卉体内贮存的营养，影响第二年生长。并且发生秋梢的植株体眠推迟，寒冬来临后往往易遭受冻害。秋季适当的追施磷钾肥有利于花卉体内的营养积累，第二年生长更加旺盛。

...显示更多

5

2

0

文章

😀 😁 😂 😄 😆 😉 😊 😋 😎 😍 😘 🙂 😐 😏 😣 😯 😪 😫 😌 😜 😒 😔 😖 😤 😭 😱 😳 😵 😠

* 仅支持 .JPG .JPEG .PNG .GIF

* 图片尺寸不得小于300*300px

Miss Chen

2018年04月08日

书房，一个储藏知识的地方，一个家中办公的地方，如何让这样的地方待起来更加轻松呢？没错，植物。那么应该摆放什么植物呢？ [图片]发财树放在书房，体现宁静的氛围。散尾葵能够有效去除空气中的苯、三氯乙烯、甲醛等有挥发性的有害物质。如学校书房没有空调，摆放散尾葵能够将室内的湿度保持在40%-60%，特别是冬季，室内湿度较低时，能有效提高室内湿度。巴西木是颇为流行的室内大型盆栽花木，尤其在较宽阔的客书房内摆放，格调高雅、质朴。金钱树是颇为流行的室内大型盆景植物，尤其在较宽阔的客厅、书房、起居室内摆放，格调高雅、质朴，并带有南国情调。 [图片]绿萝是比较常见植物，大盆绿萝放在书房显得大气，而且绿萝很好养，有净化空气的作用。成都植物租摆书房植物摆放春羽叶片巨大，呈粗大的羽状深裂，浓绿色，且富有光泽，叶柄长而粗壮，气生根极发达而被垂，株形优美，整个观赏效果好；同时它又耐阴，是极好的室内喜阴观叶植物。它适于布置宾馆的大厅、室内花园、办公室及家庭的客厅、书房等处。用虎尾兰来净化空气起到良好的作用。研究表明，虎尾兰可吸收室内部分有害气体，并能有效地清除二氧化硫、氯、乙醚、乙烯、一氧化碳、过氧化氮等有害物。

...显示更多

1

0

文章

😀 😁 😂 😄 😆 😉 😊 😋 😎 😍 😘 🙂 😐 😏 😣 😯 😪 😫 😌 😜 😒 😔 😖 😤 😭 😱 😳 😵 😠

* 仅支持 .JPG .JPEG .PNG .GIF

* 图片尺寸不得小于300*300px

Miss Chen

2018年04月08日

新装修的房子，除了一些异味以外，还会充斥的对人身体极有害的物质——甲醛，除了正常的通风外，我们还可以选一些植物来帮助我们进化空气，今天小编就给大家介绍几种适合装修完房子摆放的植物： [图片]1、仙人掌：大部分植物都是在白天吸收二氧化碳释放氧气，在夜间则相反。仙人掌、虎皮兰、景天、芦荟和吊兰等却都是一直吸收二氧化碳释放氧气的。这些植物都非常容易成活。 2、吊兰：一盆吊兰在8至10平方米的房间就相当于一个空气净化器，即使是在没有装修的房间里，养一盆吊兰对人的健康也很有好处。家里刚装修完，摆些什么植物好？如果想尽快驱除新居的刺鼻味道，可以用灯光照射植物。植物一经光的照射，生命力就特别旺盛，光合作用也就加强，释放出来的氧气比无光照射条件下多几倍。 3、平安树，目前，市面上比较流行的平安树和樟树等大型植物，它们自身能释放出一种清新的气体，让人精神愉悦。平安树也叫“肉桂”。在购买这种植物时一定要注意盆土，根和土结合紧凑的是盆栽的，反之则是地栽的。购买时要选择盆栽的，因为盆栽的植物已经本土化，容易成活。 [图片]4、芦荟：芦荟有一定的吸收异味作用，且还有美化居室的效果，作用时间较长。 5、绿色带果植物盆景：水果是最好的除味剂，如洋梨、橘子、香瓜、小南瓜等。将带果植物盆景放在新房内，既环保，香味又自然，还有益健康。

...显示更多

3

2

0

文章

😀 😁 😂 😄 😆 😉 😊 😋 😎 😍 😘 🙂 😐 😏 😣 😯 😪 😫 😌 😜 😒 😔 😖 😤 😭 😱 😳 😵 😠

* 仅支持 .JPG .JPEG .PNG .GIF

* 图片尺寸不得小于300*300px

Miss Chen

2018年04月06日

Description: This perennial wildflower is 1-4' tall. Initially, evergreen basal leaves are produced, forming a rosette about 4-6" across; these leaves develop during the late fall and persist into the spring. Later, a central stem develops that becomes branched in the upper half. Both the central and lateral stems are terete and evenly pubescent. Along each stem, there are alternate leaves up to 4" long and 2½" across. These leaves are variable in shape: the lower leaves are cordate to ovate-cordate (like the basal leaves), the middle leaves are ovate-cordate to lanceolate, while the upper leaves are linear to short and scale-like. The alternate leaves become smaller in size as they ascend the stems. They are dull medium green, sparsely short-canescent on their upper surfaces, and more densely short-pubescent on their upper surfaces. The margins of the leaves are usually smooth, although some leaves may be sparsely dentate-crenate. [图片]The central stem terminates in a panicle of flowerheads that is about twice as long as it is across; the stronger upper stems often produce smaller panicles of flowerheads. The collective weight of these flowerheads often causes the entire plant to lean partially sideways. Each daisy-like flowerhead is ¾–1¼" across, consisting of 20-35 rays florets and a similar number of disk florets. Depending on the local genotype of the plant, some flowerheads may have up to 50 ray florets, but this is less common. The ray florets of the flowers are usually blue-violet, but sometimes they are white. The disk florets are yellow, but become more orange-red colored with age. At the base of each flowerhead, there are several series of strongly recurved floral bracts. These bracts are linear-lanceolate in shape and usually finely pubescent. The blooming period occurs from late summer into the fall and lasts about 1-2 months. Usually, several flowers are in bloom at the same time. There is no noticeable floral scent. Each disk or ray floret is replaced by a small achene that is narrowly obovoid. At the apex of each achene, there is a small tuft of tawny hairs. These achenes are distributed by the wind. The root system is fibrous and short-rhizomatous. Older plants may produce a small caudex. Vegetative offsets can develop from the rhizomes. [图片]Cultivation: The preference is partial sun, mesic to dry conditions, and soil containing clay-loam or rocky-loam. Decaying organic material is beneficial to growth and helps to retain moisture. Like other woodland asters, this species often leans over to one side when it flowers. Range & Habitat: The native Many-Rayed Aster is largely restricted to west-central and south-west Illinois, where it is uncommon to occasional (see Distribution Map). Elsewhere in the state, it is absent. This species is endemic to the mid-section of the United States, where it is found primarily in Arkansas, Missouri, and Illinois. Habitats include upland oak woodlands, upland oak savannas, thinly wooded bluffs along major rivers, partially shaded cliffs, rocky ledges, and various kinds of glades (limestone, sandstone, chert, etc.). This aster is fairly conservative ecologically, but it will adapt to minor levels of disturbance and probably benefits from occasional wildfires. Faunal Associations: The nectar and pollen of the flowers attract a variety of insects, including long-tongued bees, short-tongued bees, Syrphid flies, bee flies, and small- to medium-sized butterflies. A specialist pollinator of asters is the bee Andrena simplex. Many insects feed on various parts of asters (leaves, flowerheads, stems, etc.), including the caterpillars of the butterflies Chlosyne nycteis (Silvery Checkerspot) and Phyciodes tharos (Pearl Crescent); other species are listed in the Moth Table (moths & butterflies) and the Insect Table (primarily aphids, leaf beetles, & plant bugs). The Ruffed Grouse and Wild Turkey feed on the leaves, flowerheads, and seeds of asters (especially those species occurring in woodlands and savannas). Mammals feeding on asters include the White-Tailed Deer (foliage), Cottontail Rabbit (foliage), and White-Footed Mouse (seeds). Asters help to provide cover for wildlife. [图片]Photographic Location: The wildflower garden of the webmaster in Urbana, Illinois. Comments: There are many aster species in Illinois (over 35), and this is one of the less common species. In many ways, Many-Rayed Aster resembles the more common Symphyotrichum drummondii (Drummond's Aster), but the former has larger flowerheads (at least ¾" across) with strongly recurved floral bracts. In contrast, Drummond's Aster (and many other woodland/savanna asters) has flowerheads about ½–¾" across and straight floral bracts. As the common name suggests, Many-Rayed Aster has abundant ray florets (20-35 or more), while other woodland/savanna asters typically have 10-20 ray florets. I am somewhat partial to Many-Rayed Aster because it is easy to grow, the flowerheads are a little larger in size, and they are usually more showy than the flowerheads of other woodland/savanna asters. A scientific synonym of this species is Aster anomalus, and another common name is Cliff Aster.

...显示更多

0

文章

😀 😁 😂 😄 😆 😉 😊 😋 😎 😍 😘 🙂 😐 😏 😣 😯 😪 😫 😌 😜 😒 😔 😖 😤 😭 😱 😳 😵 😠

* 仅支持 .JPG .JPEG .PNG .GIF

* 图片尺寸不得小于300*300px

Miss Chen

2018年04月06日

Description: This branching shrub is 2-4' tall. The trunk and lower branches are woody and brown; they are covered with strips of loose shaggy bark. The middle to upper branches are reddish purple to brown and variably hairy. The blades of the opposite leaves are up to 2" long and 1¼" across; they are oval-ovate and smooth along their margins. The upper surface of each leaf blade is medium green and hairless to slightly pubescent, while the lower surface is whitish green and slightly pubescent to very pubescent. Each leaf has a short petiole up to ¼" long. Leaf venation is pinnate. At the axils of some leaves, there develops dense clusters of greenish yellow flowers that are sessile, or nearly so. Each flower is about ¼" long, consisting of a short tubular corolla with 5 lobes, a short green calyx with 5 teeth, and an inferior ovary that is pale green and globoid-ovoid in shape. Inside the corolla, there are 5 stamens surrounding a hairy style. The blooming period occurs during the late spring or summer. Each flower is replaced by a berry containing 2 seeds. The mature berries are about ¼" long, reddish purple, and ovoid-globoid in shape; the texture of their flesh is somewhat dry. The seeds are oblongoid and flattened. The root system consists of a woody branching taproot. [图片]Cultivation: Coralberry adapts to partial sun, moist to dry conditions, and a loamy or rocky soil. Range & Habitat: The native Coralberry is occasional to locally common in the southern half of Illinois, becoming less common or absent in the northern half of the state (see Distribution Map). Habitats include thin rocky woodlands, woodland openings, woodland borders, areas along woodland paths, powerline clearances in wooded areas, thickets, and limestone glades. Sometimes this shrub is grown as an ornamental plant in gardens, from which it occasionally escapes. Disturbance in wooded areas is beneficial if it reduces excessive shade from overhead trees. [图片]Faunal Associations: The flowers attract bees, wasps, and flies primarily. These insects suck nectar from the flowers, although some of the bees also collect pollen. The caterpillars of the moths Hemaris diffinis (Snowberry Clearwing), Hemaris thysbe (Hummingbird Clearwing), and Hesperumia sulphuraria (Sulfur Moth) feed on the foliage of Coralberry and other Symphoricarpos spp. The aphid Apathargelia symphoricarpi and the thrips Thrips winnemanae suck juices from the undersides of the leaves. The berries persist into the fall and winter and are eaten primarily by Robins (Turdus migratorius); the buds and berries are also eaten by the Bobwhite. Coralberry is a favorite food plant of the White-Tailed Deer and it is often heavily browsed. Because of its dense branching habit and abundant leaves, this shrub provides good cover for wildlife. Photographic Location: A powerline clearance at Busey Woods in Urbana, Illinois. [图片]Comments: Coralberry is a rather small sprawling shrub with attractive foliage and berries. It is an easy shrub to identify in natural areas, particularly during the fall, because of the purplish red berries. Other Symphoricarpos spp. (Snowberry, Wolfberry) in Illinois have white or greenish white berries. A related group of plants, Lonicera spp. (Honeysuckles), are either vines or upright shrubs. Like Coralberry, Honeysuckles often produce berries in clusters near the leaves, but their berries are usually bright red and more juicy. Generally, the corollas of Honeysuckle flowers are larger in size than those of Coralberry, and they have long slender lobes. All of these plants produce pairs of opposite leaves on woody stems; the margins of their leaves are smooth or slightly wavy, but they never have teeth, unlike the leaves of many other shrubs. Another common name of Symphoricarpos orbiculatus is Buckbrush, which refers to the attractiveness of this shrub to deer as a food plant.

...显示更多

0

文章

😀 😁 😂 😄 😆 😉 😊 😋 😎 😍 😘 🙂 😐 😏 😣 😯 😪 😫 😌 😜 😒 😔 😖 😤 😭 😱 😳 😵 😠

* 仅支持 .JPG .JPEG .PNG .GIF

* 图片尺寸不得小于300*300px

Miss Chen

2018年04月06日

Description: This perennial wildflower is 4-12" tall; it is branched at the base and often branched above. The ascending to erect stems are light to medium green, hairy, and terete. Alternate trifoliate leaves occur at intervals along the stems. The leaflets are ½-1½" long and 4-8 mm. across; they are elliptic in shape, while their margins are entire (smooth) and ciliate. The upper leaflet surface is medium green and glabrous to sparsely short-pubescent, while the lower leaflet surface is light green and sparsely short-pubescent. The petioles of the trifoliate leaves are up to ¼" long, light green, and hairy. The base of each petiole and a portion of the adjacent stem are surrounded by a pair of of green to brown stipules; each stipule tapers to a ciliate beak. The terminal leaflets have petiolules (basal stalklets) up to ¼" long, while the lateral leaflets are sessile (or nearly so). Leaf venation is pinnate; the veins along the upper leaflet surfaces often appear to be shiny. The flowers are produced individually (rare in clusters) from the axils of the leaves. The pedicels of the flowers are up to ¼" long. Each flower has 5 yellow petals, a light green calyx with 4-5 lobes, and the enclosed reproductive organs. The petals are arranged in a pea-like floral structure, consisting of a large banner, a pair of forward-projecting wings, and an enclosed keel. The flowers are oriented either laterally (with erect banners) or they are held erect (with the banners at the bottom). [图片]The blooming period occurs from late spring to late summer, lasting about 1½-3 months. Only a few flowers are in bloom at the same time. The flowers are replaced by small seedpods consisting of two segments: the first segment is infertile and stipe-like in shape, while the second segment contains a single seed. The root system consists of a taproot. This plant spreads by reseeding itself. Cultivation: The preference is full or partial sun, mesic to dry conditions, and a somewhat acidic infertile soil where there is reduced competition from other kinds of ground vegetation. Range & Habitat: The native Pencil Flower is fairly common in southern Illinois, while in the rest of the state it is rare or absent (see Distribution Map). Illinois lies along the northern range limit of this species. Habitats consist of upland rocky woodlands, bluffs, upland savannas, sandstone glades, prairies, and fields. Pencil Flower occurs in both higher quality natural areas and disturbed areas, especially where sandstone is close to the ground surface. Faunal Associations: The flowers of Pencil Flower are cross-pollinated primarily by bees (Robertson, 1929). This is one of the host plants of a leaf beetle, Sumitrosis ancoroides. The foliage is highly palatable to hoofed mammalian herbivores (Banta & Thro, 1995). Photographic Location: An upland rocky woodland in southern Illinois. Comments: Because it produces relatively few flowers at the same time and it is relatively small in size, Pencil Flower is fairly easy to overlook. It can be distinguished from similar species in the Bean family by the shiny veins on its leaves, stipules with beak-like ciliate tips, and asymmetrical seedpods (a narrow infertile segment followed by a broader fertile segment). There is some variability of this species across its range in regards to the hairiness of its stems, the erectness of its stems, whether flowers are produced individually or in small groups, etc. At the present time, these are regarded as variations of a single polymorphic species.

...显示更多

0

文章

😀 😁 😂 😄 😆 😉 😊 😋 😎 😍 😘 🙂 😐 😏 😣 😯 😪 😫 😌 😜 😒 😔 😖 😤 😭 😱 😳 😵 😠

* 仅支持 .JPG .JPEG .PNG .GIF

* 图片尺寸不得小于300*300px

Miss Chen

2018年04月06日

Description: This plant is a trailing or climbing annual vine about 3-9' long that branches occasionally. The slender stems are light green, gray-green, or dull red, terete, and hairy; they can climb by twining around the stems or branches of neighboring plants. Alternate trifoliate leaves occur at intervals along the stems. The leaflets are 1-2" long and ½–1¼" across; the terminal leaflet is usually a little larger than the lateral leaflets. The leaflets are broadly lanceolate to ovate with well-rounded bases and smooth margins; the terminal leaflet has a short stalk at its base (petiolule), while the lateral leaflets are nearly sessile. For this variety of Strophostyles helvula, the leaflets lack obtuse basal lobes, unlike the typical variety. The upper leaflet surfaces are medium green and hairless (or nearly so), while their lowers surfaces are pale green and hairless (or nearly so). The slender petioles of the trifoliate leaves are about 1-2" long; they are usually slightly pubescent. At the base of each petiole, there is a pair of tiny linear-lanceolate stipules. At the axils of some leaves, there develops individual stalks (peduncles) of flowers; these stalks are 3-6" long. At the apex of each stalk, there is a dense cluster of 3-10 nearly sessile flowers; usually only 1-2 flowers are in bloom at the same time. Each flower is about 1/3" long or a little more, its petals consisting of a large rounded banner, a pair of slender lateral petals, and a narrow keel that is curled upward. These petals are light pink to pink, fading to white or pale green; at the bottom of the banner, there is a small patch of yellow. At the base of each flower, there is a short tubular calyx with 5 teeth; this calyx is sparsely hairy. At the base of each calyx, there are lanceolate tiny bracts with pointed tips that are about the same length as the calyx. The blooming period occurs from mid-summer to early fall and lasts about 2 months. Each fertile flower is replaced by a cylindrical seedpod that is 2–3½" long at maturity. The seedpod is initially green, but later becomes dark brown; it is nearly glabrous to sparsely hairy. Individual seeds are about ¼" long, oblongoid in shape, and pubescent. Each seedpod eventually divides into two parts to disperse the seeds. [图片]Cultivation: The preference is partial sun, moist to mesic conditions, and soil containing sand, loam, silt, or gravelly soil. The root system can fix nitrogen in the soil. Range & Habitat: This native wildflower is occasional throughout Illinois (see Distribution Map); the map does not differentiate between var. missouriensis and the typical variety, Strophostyles helvula helvula (Trailing Fuzzy Bean). Missouri Fuzzy Bean is less common than the typical variety and it is found primarily in counties along the Mississippi River. Habitats of both varieties include open woodlands (including sandy and rocky woodlands), thickets and sandy thickets, riverbanks, sand bars and gravel bars along rivers, abandoned fields, and areas along railroads. Habitats with some history of disturbance are preferred. [图片]Faunal Associations: The flowers are cross-pollinated by bees, especially Large Leaf-Cutting bees (Megachile spp.) and bumblebees. One bee species, Megachile integra, is a specialist pollinator (oligolege) of Strophostyles spp. (Fuzzy Beans). Both nectar and pollen are available as floral rewards. Missouri Fuzzy Bean also has extra-floral nectaries, which attract primarily wasps, flies, ants, and small Halictid bees. The extra-floral nectaries may prevent nectar thieves (e.g., ants) from stealing nectar from the flowers, or they may attract insects (e.g., ants & wasps) that help to protect the plant from insects that feed on the foliage. Insect feeders of the foliage include the caterpillars of Thorybes bathyllus (Southern Cloudywing), Epargyreus clarus (Silver-Spotted Skipper), and Urbanus proteus (Long-Tailed Skipper). The leaf beetles Cerotoma trifurcata and Sumitrosis ancoroides also feed on the foliage. The seeds are eaten by such birds as the Wild Turkey, Bobwhite, and Mourning Dove, while the foliage is readily consumed by cattle, deer, and probably other mammalian herbivores. Photographic Location: The wildflower garden of the webmaster in Urbana, Illinois. [图片]Comments: Missouri Fuzzy Bean is one of several species in the Fabaceae (Bean family) that are vines. It has fairly typical pea-like flowers for species in this family, except that the keels of the flowers curl upward in an odd manner. Another distinctive characteristic of Strophostyles spp. (Fuzzy Beans) is the production of dense clusters of flowers on long stalks (although only a few flowers bloom at the same time per cluster). The common name 'Fuzzy Bean' refers to the hairiness of the seedpods and/or the pubescent seeds of many species in this genus. As already mentioned, Missouri Fuzzy Bean differs from the typical variety, Strophostyles helvula helvula (Trailing Fuzzy Bean), by the lack of obtuse basal lobes on its leaflets. Because of this characteristic, Missouri Fuzzy Bean can be difficult to distinguish from Strophostyles umbellata (Perennial Fuzzy Bean), which has similar leaflets. For Missouri Fuzzy Bean, the tiny bracts at the base of each flower are about as long as the calyx and they have pointed tips. In contrast, the tiny bracts of Perennial Fuzzy Bean are only one-half as long as the calyx and they have blunt tips. Another species, Strophostyles leiosperma (Small Fuzzy Bean), has smaller leaves and flowers, while the calyx of each flower is densely hairy. Sometimes the scientific name Strophostyles helvula is spelled 'Strophostyles helvola,' which is apparently incorrect.

...显示更多

0

文章

😀 😁 😂 😄 😆 😉 😊 😋 😎 😍 😘 🙂 😐 😏 😣 😯 😪 😫 😌 😜 😒 😔 😖 😤 😭 😱 😳 😵 😠

* 仅支持 .JPG .JPEG .PNG .GIF

* 图片尺寸不得小于300*300px

Miss Chen

2018年04月06日

Description: This perennial wildflower is 1-5' tall and either unbranched or sparingly so. The central stem is erect, terete, densely hairy or pubescent, and light green to brownish red. The alternate leaves are up to 4" long and 1½" across; they are ovate, narrowly ovate, ovate-lanceolate, or ovate-oblanceolate in shape with crenate-serrate margins. The upper surfaces of the leaves are deeply indented by pinnate veins; this characteristic provides them with a somewhat wrinkled appearance. Additionally, the upper surfaces of the leaves are slightly pubescent to hairless, medium to dark green, and usually dull-colored. The central stem terminates in a panicle of yellow flowerheads of variable shape and size. Small plants often have narrow panicles that resemble racemes, while large plants often have broad panicles with spreading-recurved branches. The upper stems of some large plants may produce panicles that are smaller than that of the central stem. [图片]Each yellow flowerhead spans about 1/8" (3 mm.) across, consisting of 4-8 ray florets and a similar number of tubular disk florets. The base of each flowerhead consists of overlapping scale-like bracts that are yellowish-green. The branches of larger panicles often have small leafy bracts. The blooming period can occur from mid-summer into the fall and lasts about 1-2 months. Each fertile floret is replaced by a small bullet-shaped achene with a short tuft of hairs at its apex. The root system is fibrous and rhizomatous. Vegetative colonies of plants are often formed by the spreading rhizomes. Cultivation: The preference is full sun to light shade, moist conditions, and soil that is sandy, loamy, or gravelly with a slightly acid pH. Range & Habitat: The native Wrinkled-Leaved Goldenrod occurs primarily in the southwest corner of Illinois, where it is uncommon. Elsewhere in the state, it is rare or absent (see Distribution Map). Illinois lies at the NW range limit of this species. Habitats include low open woodlands, thickets, sandy swamps, wet sandy prairies, sandy banks of marshes, acid gravelly seeps, sand dunes, and rocky bluffs or cliffs. Usually, this goldenrod is found in moist areas that are sandy or where sandstone is close to the ground surface. Sometimes it is found in gardens, although some cultivars of this species bear little resemblance to the native plants. Faunal Associations: The nectar and pollen of the flowers attract a wide variety of insects, including small bees, wasps, flies, small butterflies, skippers, and beetles. The caterpillars of many moth species feed on various parts of goldenrods (see Moth Table), while several leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae) feed primarily on the foliage (see Leaf Beetle Table). Other insects that feed on goldenrods include various plant bugs, stink bugs, lace bugs, treehoppers, and leafhoppers; the Bug Table lists some of these species. Insectivorous birds benefit indirectly from goldenrods because of the numerous insects that they attract. Other birds feed directly on goldenrods to a minor extent, including the Indigo Bunting (seeds), Eastern Goldfinch (seeds), Swamp Sparrow (seeds), Ruffed Grouse (leaves), and Greater Prairie Chicken (leaves). White-Tailed Deer and Cottontail Rabbits feed on young foliage to a limited extent, while Meadow Voles eat both the seeds and foliage. Photographic Location: A sandy bank along a marsh at Jasper-Pulaski Fish and Wildlife Area in northwestern Indiana. The photographed plant is a dwarf (about 1½' tall) that may have been mowed earlier in the year. Comments: Across it range in the eastern United States, this goldenrod is somewhat variable in appearance. Nonetheless, Wrinkle-Leaved Goldenrod can be distinguished from other goldenrods as follows: 1) the central stem is quite hairy or pubescent, 2) the upper surfaces of the leaves have a wrinkled appearance because of the indentations of their pinnate veins, and 3) individual leaves lack 3 prominent veins that run parallel to each other. This latter characteristic is typical of Solidago canadensis (Canada Goldenrod), Solidago gigantea (Giant Goldenrod), and similar goldenrods. Two other species, Solidago ulmifolia (Elm-Leaved Goldenrod) and Solidago patula (Swamp Goldenrod), have stems that are glabrous or only slightly hairy and their leaves tend to be more thin in texture and shiny than those of Wrinkle-Leaved Goldenrod. Other common names of Solidago rugosa include 'Rough-Stemmed Goldenrod,' 'Rough Goldenrod,' and 'Rough-Leaved Goldenrod.'

...显示更多

0

文章

😀 😁 😂 😄 😆 😉 😊 😋 😎 😍 😘 🙂 😐 😏 😣 😯 😪 😫 😌 😜 😒 😔 😖 😤 😭 😱 😳 😵 😠

* 仅支持 .JPG .JPEG .PNG .GIF

* 图片尺寸不得小于300*300px