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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月24日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Fabaceae Stems - To +2m, heavily winged, herbaceous, climbing, glabrous, typically glaucous, from taproot, branching, multiple from base.
Leaves - Alternate, pinnate - with two leaflets. Leaflets to +10cm long, -5cm broad, glabrous, lanceolate to oblong. Petiole winged. Tendril present from between leaflets, branching. Stipules linear to lanceolate, to +2cm long. Inflorescence - Axillary racemes of 2-20 flowers on long peduncles. Peduncles glabrous. Pedicels to +2cm long, glabrous.
Flowers - Corolla deep pink to white, papilionaceous, to 2.5cm long. Standard very broad, emarginate at apex. Stamens 10, diadelphous. Style flattish, pubescent. Calyx 5-lobed. Calyx tube to 6mm long, 5mm in diameter, glabrous. Lobes unequal, the lowest lobe longer than the others, to 7mm long. All lobes acute to acuminate. Fruits compressed, to +10cm long, 1cm broad, glabrous.
Flowering - May - September. Habitat - Roadsides, railroads, fencerows, open fields, sometimes cultivated. Origin - Native to Europe. Other info. - This is a common and easily identified species in the state. The winged stems are very obvious and the flowers are very striking. The plant can be seen in profusion along roadsides and fencerows during its blooming season. The flowers are vary variable in color, especially with the cultivated plants. Here are some color variations:
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月24日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Malvaceae Stems - Multiple from the base, herbaceous but often woody at the base, erect, branching, often rooting at the lowest nodes, glabrous, glaucous, with a reddish tint, terete, from thickened roots. Leaves - Alternate, petiolate, hastate. Petiole to +12cm long, glabrous. Blade to +12cm long, +15cm broad at the base, glabrous, serrate. The hastate lobes acuminate to attenuate, crenate to crenate-serrate.
Inflorescence - Single flowers from the upper leaf axils. Peduncles to +3.5cm long, glabrous, with a joint near the middle. Flowers - Bracts subtending the calyx 11-13, glabrous or with sparse pubescent margins, to 3cm long, 1.9mm broad. Calyx tube to 2cm long, glabrous. Calyx lobes 5, acute to short acuminate, to 1.4cm long, 1.4cn broad at the base. Corolla of 5 petals joined at the base to the staminal column. Petals typically pink (also white) with a wine-red base, to +8cm long, 4-5cm broad, densely pubescent at the base externally, otherwise glabrous. Stamen column to +/-4cm long, glandular pubescent, white. Filaments wine-red to white, 2-2.5mm long, glabrous. Anthers purple-tan, 2mm long. Style white, pubescent at the apex, exserted from the staminal column, 5-lobed at the apex. Stigmas capitate, 2-2.5mm broad.

Flowering - July - October. Habitat - Wet soils of streams, sloughs, ponds, and ditches. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This attractive species can be found throughout most of Missouri. It appears absent from the northern-most counties of the state and also from many counties in the east-central portion of Missouri. The plant is easy to identify by its halberd leaves and pinkish flowers. The flowers can also (rarely) be white but still have a dark wine-red center. This native species grows well from seed or cuttings and makes an excellent garden specimen. It is a far superior plant to most cultivated species of the genus.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月24日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Geraniaceae Stems - Multiple from the base, branching, herbaceous, erect to ascending, from a taproot, reddish at the base, terete, villous and glandular pubescent, to +/-40cm long.
Leaves - Alternate, stipulate, petiolate. Stipules oblique, attenuate to ovate, appressed pubescent and ciliate on the margins, to +6mm long. Petioles of the lowest leaves to +7cm long, petioles of the upper leaves much reduced. Petioles villous and glandular pubescent, terete. Blades 5-7 palmately lobed, orbicular, to +4cm in diameter, villosuous above and below, with ciliate margins. Lobes of the blades divided again. Ultimate divisions rounded to subacute, with a small reddish tip. Veins of the blade impressed above, expressed below. Main veins extending to the apex of the leaf and forming the minute tip.
Inflorescence - Axillary and terminal pedunculate umbels of 2-3 flowers. Peduncles to 2cm long, villous and glandular pubescent. Pedicels to 1.5cm long, villous and glandular pubescent, thickened at the apex for 2-3mm, each pedicel subtended by a small pair of bracts. Bracts reddish, ciliate, acute, 1-2mm long. Flowers - Petals 5, distinct, 5-6mm long, 4-5mm broad, dark pink, glabrous but with a few cilia at the base, obovate, notched at the apex to about 1/3 of the total length. Stamens +/-10, erect. Filaments to +3mm long, compressed and wrapping around the ovary at the base, whitish at the base, purplish at the apex. Anthers purple, bilobed, -1mm long and broad. Styles 5, united for 1/2 their length basally, villous, purple at the apex, +/-3mm long in flower, accrescent. The apices spreading. Ovary superior, 5-carpellate, glabrous. Carpels raised rugose reticulate. Sepals 5, green, erect, villous and glandular pubescent externally, antrorse appressed pubescent internally, elliptic-oblong, 3-4mm long in flower, +/-2mm broad, entire, acute and with a minute hardened tip to .2mm long, accrescent.
Flowering - May - August. Habitat - Lawns, grassy open ground, roadsides. Origin - Native to Europe. Other info. - This weedy species is uncommon in Missouri but will almost certainly spread with time. The plant is attractive but can be aggressive if left unchecked. This species can be identified by its glabrous carpels, pinkish flowers (which have deep notches in the petals), pubescent stems, and simply acute sepals.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月24日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Geraniaceae Stems - From a taproot, single or typically multiple from the base, erect to ascending, densely pubescent (the hairs spreading to retrorse), stout, to 50cm tall (long), branching, herbaceous.
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate, stipulate. Stipules acuminate, typically reddish, to +1.5cm long, 3-5mm broad, subulate, greatly reduced upward. Petioles to +/-15cm long, densely pubescent, mostly terete. Blades palmately 5-lobed, as long as broad, 5-7cm broad, pubescent. Veins impressed above, expressed below. Main lobes of the leaves divided again. Ultimate divisions often with a minute reddish tip, linear, 1-3mm broad in the upper leaves, broader on the lowest leaves. Apices of the ultimate divisions of the lowest leaves often rounded to subacute, those of the upper leaves acute.
Inflorescence - Paired axillary flowers. Peduncles to 1-2cm long (in fruit), pubescent as the stem. Pedicels to 1-2cm long (in fruit), erect, glandular pubescent, subtended by ciliate bracts. Bracts subulate, to 5mm long, 1-2mm broad. Flowers - Petals 5, deep pink to purplish, distinct, emarginate, 3-4mm long, 2mm broad, mostly glabrous but with some glandular pubescence externally and with small tufts of hairs at the base. Stamens 10, erect. Filaments compressed and expanded at the base, ciliate, pink apically, to 2mm long. Anthers purplish-yellow, .7mm broad. Styles 5, deep pink apically (for about 1mm), simple and glandular pubescent. Ovary superior, 5-carpellate, simple and glandular pubescent. Sepals 5, erect, pubescent internally, ciliate-margined, glandular and simple pubescent externally, accrescent, 3mm long in flower, to 8mm long in fruit, 3mm broad, with a 1-2mm long mucro. Carpels becoming black in fruit, to 3mm long, one-seeded. Expanded style tube to -2cm long in fruit, densely glandular pubescent.
Flowering - April - August. Habitat - Lawns, grassy open ground, roadsides. Origin - Native to Europe. Other info. - This weedy yet showy species is uncommon in Missouri but its range will probably continue to expand with time. This species resembles another, G. carolinianum L., but the former has darker pink to purplish flowers, glandular pubescent fruits, and more finely divided upper leaves. G. dissectum has a long flowering season and would make a good garden subject.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月24日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Geraniaceae Stems - From a big taproot, multiple from the base, erect to ascending, herbaceous, often reddish, widely branching, densely glandular and simple pubescent, terete, to +50cm tall (long).
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate, stipulate. Stipules to 1cm long, subulate, 3mm broad at the base, ciliate at least on one margin, often pinkish. Petioles to +15cm long, terete, pubescent as the stem. Blades palmately 5-lobed, as broad or broader than long, to +/-5cm broad and long, pubescent mostly on the veins abaxially and at the base of the leaf, the adaxial surface sparsely pubescent. Veins of the blade impressed above, expressed below. Lobes of leaf divided again. Ultimate divisions of the leaf often with a minute reddish tip, subacute to acute.
Inflorescence - Paired pedunculate flowers. Peduncle expanding to +5cm long in fruit, densely simple and glandular pubescent. Ciliate subulate bracts subtending the pedicels. Pedicels to 1cm long in fruit, pubescent as the peduncle. Flowers - Petals 5, distinct, pale pink, slightly emarginate at the apex, glandular externally, glabrous internally, to 3-4mm long, 2mm broad. Stamens 10, erect, surrounding the ovary. Filaments compressed and expanded at the base, green to pinkish, ciliate. Anthers pinkish-yellow, .7mm broad and long. Ovary superior, densely long ciliate (non-glandular), 5-carpellate. Carpels green, ovoid. Styles 5, green, glabrous at the apex, united at the base. Sepals 5, erect, oblong-ovate, with a 1-2mm long mucro, accrescent, +/-5mm long in flower, to 1cm long in fruit, 4-5mm broad (in fruit), ciliate externally (some glandular), very sparse pubescent to glabrous internally. Carpels in fruit to 4mm long, becoming black, densely long ciliate (some glandular), expanded style tube to -2cm long, pubescent and with a few glandular hairs.
Flowering - May - July. Habitat - Meadows, prairies, fields, pastures, waste ground, roadsides, railroads. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This weedy yet showy species can be found throughout most of Missouri but is less common in the north-central portion of the state. The plant can be identified by its hairy stems, divided leaves, pinkish flowers, tapered sepals, and non-reticulate fruits. This is the most abundant Geranium in Missouri.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月24日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Asteraceae Stems - To .75m, fistulose, ribbed, sparse to densely villous, erect, herbaceous, single or multiple from the base, branching at the apex in the inflorescence, from fleshy fibrous roots.
Leaves - Alternate, sessile. Lowest leaves in a basal rosette, coarse serrate, spatulate, to +10cm long, +3cm broad, rounded to acute at the apex. Cauline leaves clasping, auriculate, serrate, acute, oblong-lanceolate, reduced upward. All leaves typically strigose to villous above and below. Inflorescence - Bracteate loose cymose arrangement of flower heads terminating the stems. Peduncles strigose and glandular pubescent, hollow just below the receptacle. Flower heads often subtended by one or two phyllary-like bracts. Involucre - To 6mm tall (long) 7-8mm in diameter. Phyllaries in one or two series, glandular pubescent, green with scarious margins and apices, acute, erose to fimbriate at the apex, 6mm long, 1.5mm broad.
Ray flowers - +100 per flower head, fertile and pistillate. Ligule whitish or (more commonly) pink, to 1cm long, .7mm broad, glabrous, rounded to subacute at the apex. Achene sericeous. Pappus of barbellate capillary bristles to 3mm long, white. Disk flowers - Disk to 1cm broad. Disk corollas to 3.5mm long, 5-lobed, yellow at the apex, whitish basally, sparse strigose externally. Lobes acute, .5mm long. Stamens 5, adnate near the basal 1/3 of the corolla tube. Anthers connate around the style, partially exserted, yellowish-brown. Style glabrous, bifurcate, yellow at the apex. Achene pubescent. Pappus of barbellate capillary bristles to 3mm long. Receptacle convex to slightly conic.
Flowering - April - June. Habitat - Disturbed sites, open fields, open woods, moist soil, gravel bars, waste ground, roadsides, railroads. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This species has the most ray flowers of any Erigeron species in Missouri. It is not as common as the weedy E. annuus but can be found scattered throughout the state. In traditional medicine a tea made from the plant was used as a diuretic and astringent. It was also used to treat kidney stones, diarrhea, and diabetes. Some people have a reaction to handling the plant.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月24日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Asteraceae Stems - To -2m tall, herbaceous, hirsute to sparsely pubescent, branching.
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate, 1.5-5 times longer than broad, to +10cm broad, lanceolate to ovate, serrate, very sparsely pubescent to pubescent, reduced towards apex of stem and becoming sessile. Base of blades abrupt to the petiole. Inflorescence - Single flower head terminating stem. Involucre - Imbricate. Phyllaries lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, recurving and merging with receptacle chaff.
Ray flowers - Ligules pinkish-purple, to 8cm long, spreading at first and then slightly reflexed, slightly notched (toothed) at apex. Disk flowers - Corolla tubular, to 6mm long, deep red to purplish-brown. Achenes to -5mm long. Pappus a small toothed crown. Receptacle conic, with chaff equaling or longer than disk florets.
Flowering - May - October. Habitat - Open woodland, low woods. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - The genus is actually named for a small, spiny, omnivorous mammal of Europe, Asia and Africa called the "Hedgehog" (Erinaceus sp.). The spines of the hedgehog are reminiscent of the receptacle chaff of the plants. This is a very popular plant for gardening and for medicinal purposes. It grows well from seed and is found in many commercial seed mixes. Typical plants have purple ray ligules. Plants with white rays can be found in cultivation and very rarely in the wild.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月24日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Asteraceae Stems - Typically single from the base, to 1m tall, simple, typically purplish, scabrous because of papillose-hispid hairs, herbaceous, erect, hollow below inflorescence. Leaves - Mostly basal. Cauline leaves alternate. Basal leaves to +/-30cm long, +/-4cm broad. Blade linear-spatulate, entire, scabrous from papillose-hispid hairs, (the hairs stiff and curled, especially below). Cauline leaves like the basal leaves but reduced, sometimes with very shallow teeth. All leaves with 3 main veins.
Inflorescence - Single, large flower head terminating stem. Involucre - Phyllaries imbricate, spreading, to 8mm long, 3mm broad, subulate, glabrous internally, hispid externally, solid green in upper 1/2, green striped in lower 1/2.
Ray flowers - Sterile. Achenes 3-sided, glabrous, 4mm long in flower. Ligules pale pink to rose, to +/-5cm long, +/-7mm broad, 3-notched at apex, glabrous except for a few hairs at the base externally. Disc flowers - Disk to +/-3cm in diameter. Corollas deep purplish-red, glabrous, 5-lobed, to 5mm long. Lobes acute, -2mm long, erect. Stamens 5, adnate to the base of the corolla tube, included. Filaments compressed, (winged), whitish-yellow, +/-2mm long. Anthers dark brown, 2mm long, convergent around the style. Style bifurcate, exserted, glabrous except at apex, brownish red at apex, pale yellow below, +5mm long. Chaff stiff, glabrous, reddish-purple at apex, folded around the disk florets, +1cm long, with a short bristle tip. Receptacle conic.
Flowering - May - July. Habitat - Drier areas of prairies, glades, roadsides, railroads. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This striking species can be found throughout Missouri except in a few bootheel counties and a few counties in the extreme northeastern corner of the state. Steyermark lists two forms for the species. The plant shown above is form pallida which has the pinkish-rose ray flowers. Form albida has white ray flowers and is less common. This genus is used medicinally and some people collect plants from the wild for this purpose. The plant grows fine from seed so there is no need to collect the entire plant, just get some seeds! Echinacea pallida has recently been divided into two species. Plants which have white pollen are considered E. pallida (Nutt.) Nutt. Plants which have yellow pollen are now considered E. simulata R.L. McGregor
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月24日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Fabaceae Stems - Trailing, to +1m long, herbaceous, multiple from the base, branching, scabrous to scabrescent or pilose and short uncinate pubescent. Leaves - Alternate, petiolate, trifoliolate, stipulate. Stipules large, ovate, acuminate, obliqua at the base, entire, to 1cm long, 7mm broad, mostly glabrous abaxially, pilose on margins and adaxially, green with evident venation. Petioles pubescent as the stem, to +/-4cm long, with swollen basal portion to 4mm long. Lateral leaflets with short petiolules, (2.1mm long). Stiples linear-lanceolate, to 3mm long. Terminal leaflet with petiolule to +/-1.5cm long, stiples same as in the lateral leaflets but slightly smaller. All leaflets basically rotund, the terminal being larger than the laterals, all villous to pilose above and below, to +/-5cm in diameter.
Inflorescence - Axillary loose racemes and panicles in the apical 1/3 of the stems. Stipules somewhat reduced in inflorescence. Axis of inflorescence uncinate pubescent.
Flowers - Corolla papilionaceous. Standard 1cm broad, pinkish purple externally, whitish internally, glabrous, with two small white spots at base surrounded by dark purple. Keels and wings to 9mm long, glabrous. Keels connate. Wings connate basally to keels. Stamens diadelphous, tube glabrous and white. Anthers greenish-yellow, .3-.4mm long. Ovary green, puberulent, 3-4mm long. Style upcurved, 1.5mm long, glabrous, green. Calyx bilabiate. Upper lip single-lobed. Lobed deflexed, acute, triangular, to -2mm long. Lower lip 3-lobed. Lobes triangular-acuminate, -2mm long, mostly equal. Calyx tube -2mm long, pilosulose externally, glabrous internally. Loments typically with 3 segments. Segments to 9mm long, 5mm broad, compressed, densely uncinate pubescent. Stipe 4-5mm long.
Flowering - July - September. Habitat - Acid soils, dry rocky woods, ridges, hilltops. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This species can be found in the Southeast half of the state. The plant is easy to ID in the field because of its trailing stems and big rotund leaflets. Another species, D. ochroleucum M. A. Curtis, is similar but exceedingly rare in Missouri. The terminal leaflets of this latter species are not entirely rotund and the plant is more erect than D. rotundifolium.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月24日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Fabaceae Stems - To 1m tall, erect to ascending or reclining, glabrous to pubescent, herbaceous, single or multiple from base, from a taproot and with a caudex.
Leaves - Alternate, trifoliolate, stipulate, petiolate. Stipules attenuate, to 8mm long, glabrous or ciliate margined. Petioles to +/-4cm long, slightly expanded at base for 2-3mm, 3-angled, glabrous to pubescent. Petiolules of lateral leaflets to 2.1mm long, pubescent. Lateral leaflets to +7cm long, +2cm broad, slightly oblique to rounded at base, acute to blunt at apex, entire, appressed pubescent (strigose) to pilose, lanceolate to narrowly ovate or oblong. Petiolule of terminal leaflet to -2cm long, thickened at base for 2mm, with pair of small stipules at base. Terminal leaflet similar to lateral leaflets.

Inflorescence - Axillary and terminal racemes or panicles to +30cm long. Pedicels to 1.2cm long in flower, dense uncinulate-pubescent, subtended by lance-attenuate bracts to 5mm long.
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