动态第387页 - 绿手指 - 养花技巧、花生病了怎么办、花园打理和设计

2018年01月18日

Description: This is a low spreading shrub up to 1½' tall and 20' across. The bark of the short trunk and larger branches is brown to gray, exfoliating into strips. The bark of branchlets (about ¼–½" across) is brown and smooth, while young shoots are yellowish green to pale blue and glabrous. Along the shoots and young branchlets, scale-like leaves are arranged in 4 partially overlapping ranks; they are appressed together. These leaves are 1.5–8 mm. long and 1–3 mm. across; they are usually smallest toward the tips of young shoots, becoming larger in size as they age, until they turn brown and wither away. However, on particularly vigorous shoots of mature shrubs, the leaves at the tips of young shoots are longer. The scale-like leaves are green, bluish green, or grayish blue, lanceolate in shape, toothless along their margins, glabrous, and sometimes glaucous. The leaves are also evergreen, although they often become pale reddish purple during the winter. The outer sides of the leaves are convex. Because Creeping Juniper is dioecious, male (staminate) and female (pistillate) cones are produced at the tips of shoots on separate shrubs during late spring or summer. Each male cone has a cluster of yellowish stamens up to 5 mm. long. Each female cone consists of a cluster of small scales during its first year of development. Cross-pollination is accomplished by the wind. During the second year of development, each female cone becomes berry-like in appearance. At maturity, berry-like cones are 5-8 mm. across, more or less globoid in shape, and light blue from a glaucous coating. The interior of individual cones contains a stiff pulp that is resinous, and usually 1-3 seeds. Individual seeds are 3-5 mm. long and more or less ovoid in shape, although they are flat along one side and irregularly ridged. The root system is woody, shallow, and widely spreading. Creeping Juniper reproduces primarily by layering when above-ground branches dip into the ground, forming their own roots, and later detaching from the original shrub. Eventually, this process results in a colony of clonal shrubs. Less often, Creeping Juniper reproduces by reseeding itself. [图片]Cultivation: The preference is full sun, relatively dry and well-drained conditions, and a calcareous soil containing sand or rocky material. This shrub can adapt to fertile soil containing loam or clay-loam, but taller plants should be kept away from it. This shrub is slow-growing, and in the wild it typically lives 20-140 years (Gucker, 2006). It tolerates hot weather during the summer and severe cold during the winter. Like Eastern Red Cedar (Juniperus virginiana), Creeping Juniper is a potential host plant of a fungal disease, cedar-apple rust. Range & Habitat: Creeping Juniper is a rare shrub in Illinois, where it is restricted to sandy areas along Lake Michigan (see Distribution Map), and it is state-listed as 'endangered.' Most botanists within the state regard this shrub as native. Illinois lies along the southern range-limit of this species; Creeping Juniper is more common further to the north in Wisconsin and Canada. Within Illinois, habitats include partially stabilized sand dunes and upland sand prairies. Outside of the state, it is also found along the rocky slopes of Cedar glades, cliffs, and sandy pastures. Creeping Juniper is found in high quality natural areas in Illinois. It is also widely cultivated as an evergreen ground cover. While its foliage is initially reluctant to burn, this shrub is killed by wildfire, as its thin bark provides little protection (Gucker, 2006). Faunal Associations: Creeping Juniper is a host plant of various insects that feed on the foliage or sap. These species include a flea beetle (Paria sexnotata), a plant bug (Bolteria luteifrons), two aphids (Cinara manitobensis, Cinara petersoni), a leafhopper (Texananus marmor), and larvae of two moths, the Juniper Webworm (Dichomeris marginella) and Red-striped Juniper Looper (Thera juniperata); see Clark et al. (2004), Wheeler et al. (1983), Blackman & Eastop (2013), DeLong (1926), Hamilton (1990), and Maier et al. (2011). Some of these insects have been found in Canada (e.g., Manitoba & Ontario) and the New England region, but not in Illinois. The berry-like cones and their seeds are eaten by some upland gamebirds and songbirds, including the Wild Turkey, White-winged Crossbill, Northern Flicker, Cedar Waxwing, American Robin, and Starling. Prairie Voles cache the berry-like cones and galls of Creeping Juniper in their dens for later eating, while Meadow Voles gnaw on the bark during the winter. White-tailed Deer browse on the evergreen foliage of this shrub, primarily during the winter and early spring, when palatable food is scarce (see Martin et al., 1951/1961; Gucker, 2006). Photographic Location: Along a sidewalk in Champaign, Illinois. [图片]Comments: The remarkable thing about this shrub is how low and spreading it is. Creeping Juniper (Juniperus horizontalis) is closely related to the Eastern Red Cedar (Juniperus virginianus) as these two species can hybridize with each other. Such hybrids exist in the wild in the driftless section of southwest Wisconsin, for example, and they are also cultivated for landscaping purposes. These two species share the same scaly leaves and blue berry-like seed cones. However, Eastern Red Cedar is a tree, rather than a low spreading shrub. Another species, Common Juniper (Juniperus communis), differs from the preceding species by its needle-like leaves, and its seed cones require three years to develop, rather than two. Creeping Juniper is widely regarded as native to the lakeshore area of NE Illinois. However, Tehon (1942) regarded this shrub as non-native, stating that "Creeping Juniper or Creeping Savin, though not native to Illinois, was seeded on the Waukegan moorland nearly three-quarters of a century ago [about 1870] and now occurs there as an established naturalized species." He further states: "On the Waukegan moorland, it has developed from the original seeding as a low trailing shrub with bright steel-blue foliage which, in autumn, turns pale purple and becomes glaucus."

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Miss Chen

2018年01月18日

[图片]千叶吊兰，别名：千叶兰、纽扣藤、铁丝草、电线蓼，是蓼科千叶兰属下植物，多年生常绿灌木，原产新西兰，习性强健，具有观赏价值。千叶吊兰植株匍匐丛生或呈悬垂状生长，细长的茎红褐色。小叶互生，叶片心形或圆形。其株形饱满，枝叶婆娑，具有较高的观赏价值，适合作吊盆栽种或放在高处的几架、柜子顶上，茎叶自然下垂，覆盖整个花盆，犹如一个绿球，非常好看。 [图片]一、千叶吊兰的生长习性千叶吊兰原产自新西兰，由于其具有良好的耐旱性，冬季可耐0℃左右的低温，因此我国大部分地区都能种植。千叶吊兰喜欢温暖湿润的环境，能够很好的生长在阳光充足的地方或者是半阴处，对于土壤的选择通常是疏松肥沃且排水性良好的沙质土壤。千叶吊兰的生长十分迅速，需要定期修剪整形来保持美观。二、千叶吊兰的养殖方法 1.光照和温度千叶吊兰喜半阴环境，在生长的过程中需要充足的阳光。但要注意，光线过强或不足，叶片容易变淡、变黄。夏季阳光强烈时要注意遮阴，以免植株被灼伤。冬季要质疑保持虫子的光照，以免光线不足叶色变淡。千叶吊兰喜温暖湿润的气候，不耐寒，适宜的生长温度时20到24℃，温度过高是叶片易发黄变干，在夏季要注意降温和通风。冬季气温低，要保持一定的越冬温度，不要低于5℃。 2.水肥管理千叶吊兰在春季和秋季可以旺盛生长，因此浇水要充足，盆土应经常保持湿润，但不能积水。夏季高温要经常喷雾来增加湿度，秋季要逐步减少浇水量。千叶吊兰在生长旺季里可以半月施一次稀薄液肥，冬季应停止追肥。 3.修剪换盆千叶吊兰的生长速度很快，随着时间的推移，植株很快就能够长得旺盛，为保持良好株形，要经常整形，剪除影响株形的枝条，保持株型美观，修剪还可以萌发许多新枝，使株形更加饱满。千叶吊兰由于生长快，易长满盆，每两年应换盆一次。换盆的最佳时间是春季，盆土宜用含腐殖质丰富、疏松肥沃，且排水透气性良好的沙质土壤。三、千叶吊兰养殖的注意事项 1.病虫害防治千叶吊兰常见的病虫害有根腐病和介壳虫病。对于根腐病就是要注意，冬季千叶吊兰的生长速度减缓，此时应当减少浇水量并停止施肥，切莫出现盆内积水的情况，否则很容易导致根腐病发生。而介壳虫的防治可以采用一定的药物喷洒的方式来进行防治。 2.千叶吊兰的繁殖方式千叶吊兰的繁殖方式有很多种，通常我们都是结合换盆进行分株，一般一株可以分为两到数丛。还可以剪下枝条进行扦插，也可利用走茎上的小植株繁殖。除此之外，千叶吊兰也有通过种子进行播种的方式来繁殖，不过家庭养殖一般很少采用该种方法。以上就是亲农网为大家带来的有关千叶吊兰的养殖方法和注意事项，千叶吊兰不仅美观，还有净化空气的作用，研究表明千叶吊兰对于甲醛有一定的净化作用，可以放置几盆在家中新房，既美观又实用。

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Miss Chen

2018年01月18日

[图片]飘香藤是一种新型藤本植物，又称红皱藤、双腺藤、双喜藤、文藤、红蝉花，原产美洲热带，为夹竹桃科多年生常绿植物。飘香藤的缠绕茎柔软而有韧性，顺着支架盘旋而上，粉红似喇叭的花儿大而直挺，花茎能达到6~8厘米。飘香藤喜欢温暖湿润的环境，但分枝性不好。飘香藤在开花期间，往往呈现花多于叶的盛况，微风袭来，阵阵扑鼻的清香使人心旷神怡，因此就有了“飘香藤”的雅名。 [图片]一、飘香藤的生长习性飘雪藤由于原产于热带，因此具备了热带植物的特性，喜欢温暖湿润的环境，不耐寒，当温度低于10℃时有可能出现冻害，最适宜的生长温度在20℃-30℃之间，飘香藤的适应性较强，对土壤的要求不是很高，以肥沃疏松排水性良好的沙质土壤为佳。二、飘香藤的养殖方法在这里的养殖方法亲农网还是按照基本的模式来介绍，养殖任何一种植物都需要了解它对光照、温度、土壤、水肥等方面的需求，我们已经知道了飘香藤是一种热带植物，那么它的养殖方法具体是怎样的呢？我们一起来看一下。 1.光照飘香藤喜欢温暖湿润并且阳光充足的环境，有充足的光照才能保证飘香藤的正常生长，半日照至全日照均可。当然飘香藤也可以放在稍微荫蔽的场所养护。但如果长时间受到的光照不充足的话，会影响飘香藤开花的数量和质量，因此最好还是保持足够的光照比较好。 2.土壤飘香藤对土壤的要求不高，适应性较强，但以富含腐殖质排水良好的沙质壤土为佳。 3.温度飘香藤生长的最佳温度为20—30℃之间，最好不要超过35℃，在冬季气温过低时容易冻伤，所以冬季要注意保持温度，最好是不低于10℃。 4.水肥在飘香藤的养护过程中要做好水肥管理。在浇水上，要控制浇水，不要过涝过干，使植株生长不良。做好水肥管理，能形成发达的根系，飘香藤的生长才会旺盛。在生长期里，可适量追施复合肥3—5次。 5.修剪飘香藤的修剪一般有两个时间。花期后修剪和春季修剪。花期过后进行修剪可以为飘香藤修型，使其美观。在春季修剪老株，可以促进萌发新枝。三、飘香藤的养殖注意事项 1.光照要充足，光照不足会导致飘香藤开花减少。 2.施肥时应控制氮肥施用量，以免飘香藤的植株因营养太高，生长过旺而影响开花，使开花减少。 3.虽然飘香藤抗逆性强，较少感染病害，但也要注意做好预防措施。以上就是亲农网为大家带来的有关飘香藤的养殖方法和注意事项，飘香藤可以放在家庭阳台作为观赏植物，开花时期花香阵阵，沁人心脾，南方地区也可放于室外作为庭院装饰，美化庭院。

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Miss Chen

2018年01月18日

[图片]金鱼吊兰，又名金鱼花、袋鼠吊兰、袋鼠花、吊金鱼等。多年生苦苣苔科金鱼草属草本植物，基部半木质。金鱼吊兰产于哥斯达黎加、巴拿马。 [图片]一、冬季土壤要求金鱼吊兰对于土壤的要求其实一年四季都差不多，比较喜欢排水性透气性好的，偏酸性的泥土，土壤切忌含有石灰质材料。二、冬季温度要求金鱼吊兰的热带生长环境决定了它能够适应高温高湿的环境，因而会不耐寒，平时比较适宜的生长温度为18℃～26℃，要使其安全越冬温度就要保持在15℃以上，前面也已经提到过，如果温度低过10℃，它的叶子就会开始变黄发干，而且很容易会掉落。三、光照这种植物喜欢阴性的地方，不能接受被阳光直射暴晒，但是可以把它放在有散光并且通风的阴性的地方，冬季的休眠期可以给它安排一个干燥阴凉的地方，这样可以促使它的花芽的分化，但是在它冬季开花之前如果适当地给它增加光照，它的开花质量就会相对地提高。四、水分这种植物本身的生长就需要非常多的水分，但是在冬天有一个短暂的休眠期，可以给它少浇水，只要保持盆里的泥土稍微干燥就好，等到了冬天的开花期，这个时候就需要给它补给它所需要的水分，盆里的泥土也要对应地维持湿度，而且一定要给它提高空气的湿度。五、肥料金鱼吊兰的花期在冬季，因此在开花期间可以适当地给它增添磷钾肥，来补充它开花所需要的大量的养分。六、冬季养护注意事项 1.土质必须要疏松，绝对不能含有石灰质，如果含有石灰质，土壤会偏碱性，对于它的成长不利。 2.当它在要开花的时候绝对不可以施加肥料，肥料的施加时间可以安排在开花之前还有花谢后。以上就是亲农网为大家带来的有关金鱼吊兰冬季养护的措施，大家学会了没有呢？除了冬季的特殊养护外，金鱼吊兰在春、夏、秋三个季节都要主要避免阳光的直射，尤其是在夏季高温天气，虽然金鱼吊兰生长在热带地区，但是它还是比较喜欢在热带的阴性环境下生长。

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Miss Chen

2018年01月18日

[图片]油点百合是常见的小品盆栽，市面上常见以3寸盆栽种贩卖，其实油点百合也是属于多肉植物的一员，观赏重点除了有斑纹的叶子外，肥短的紫红球茎也很讨喜。 [图片]一、温度控制油点百合是一种比较不耐寒的植物，最适宜的生长温度大约在20℃～30℃之间，低于10℃便会停止生长，因此在我国养殖的时候，冬季需要移动到室内或是大棚中，才能保证油点百合的安全越冬。二、光照需求油点百合喜欢光照充足的生长环境。光照与生长形态密切相关，光照越充足，植株越矮胖，如果光照不足，会使得植株徒长。在养护过程中，可以通过观察新叶来判断光照提供是否充足，如果出现新叶比老叶宽大，并且颜色更浅，就说明植株光照不足，需要将其及时移到光照更充足处。三、肥水管理油点百合对肥水的需求不高。一般只要在换盆时添加足够的基肥，基本就可以不用另外施肥了。油点百合是球茎根，浇水做到“见干见湿”，保持盆土基本湿润即可，控制水量，忌盆内积水。夏季高温时可以每两天浇一次水，或是用喷雾增加周围空气湿度。还可以通过观察叶片生长状况来判断是否浇水，如果油点百合的叶片看起来有点低垂，没有往日那么挺立了，叶子的颜色也较为黯淡时，就可以适当进行浇水。四、土壤和容器选择选用排水良好的土壤进行栽种，盆栽最好选择宽浅的盆器。需要注意的是，随着植株的生长，会长出许多侧芽，造成过度拥挤，彼此互遮，影响光线而造成徒长，因而最好定期分株以维持株型美观。五、繁殖方法油点百合的繁殖主要有分株和播种两种，一般多选择前者，春夏秋三季都可进行，将油点百合从球茎处小心分开，同时剪除老叶、枯叶，再进行种植即可。播种可在花开时，用毛笔帮忙授粉，等种子成熟后采种，播于排水良好的介质上，幼苗发芽后即会长出肥肉的茎。以上就是亲农网为大家带来的油点百合的养殖方法，近年来多肉植物十分火爆，其实有点饱和也是多肉植物当中的一员，在市场上也多是以小型盆栽贩卖，如果给予足够多的光照，油点百合肥短的肉质叶片和球茎都是十分惹人喜爱的。

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Miss Chen

2018年01月18日

[图片]紫叶酢浆草的“酢”字与醋通，《本草纲目》也说它“其味如醋”，茎与叶都是如此。在唐代纂修的《新修本草》里就有“酸浆”的记载，里面说这草五月采来，阴干后可以入药，治难产。全草入药，有清热解毒，消肿散疾的效用，可治蛇虫蛰伤，也可治尿血、尿路感染、黄疸肝炎等。四季可采，以夏秋有花果时采药效较好，除去泥沙，晒干。性味归经：酸，凉。功能主治：清热利湿，解毒消肿。用于感冒发热，肠炎，尿路感染，尿路结石，神经衰弱；外用治跌打损伤，毒蛇咬伤，痈肿疮疖，脚癣，湿疹，烧烫伤。用法用量：0.5～2两；外用适量，鲜品捣烂敷患处，或煎水洗。 [图片]一、温度紫叶酢浆草不耐寒，低于10℃植株停止生长，0℃叶片枯萎。但只要地下的根茎未受冻，来年4月仍可以萌发新叶，正常生长。冬季要保证叶片正常状态，温度要保持在5℃以上。同时也不耐高温，当温度超过35℃，叶片卷曲，生长缓慢，并且进入休眠期。要及时向叶面喷水，并遮阴和加强通风。二、光照春秋季节要接收充分的阳光照射，过阴会造成叶片暗淡无光，同时叶柄瘦弱，株型散乱。但也要避免强光直射，5～9月要适当遮阴，以免日灼。酢浆草的趋光性较强，养护时放在阳台、窗台，要经常转换植株的位置，让其四周受光均匀。三、水分生长期间，保持盆土湿润，坚持“不干不浇，浇则浇透”的原则。夏季高温季节，植株进入休眠期，此时应喷水，保持盆土微湿即可。冬季温度降低至10℃以下，浇水注意宁干勿湿，防止球茎腐烂。适当淋雨，有助于生长发育。但要及时排水，盆土积雨会造成叶片腐烂，造成植株成片死亡。当生长环境较干燥时，及时向四周喷水，提高湿度。四、施肥上盆时，要施足底肥。生长季节为使植株健壮生长，保证叶片肥厚有光泽，每月施一次氮磷钾复合肥。施肥时注意浓度，浓度过大会灼伤球茎，影响生长。7~8月停止施肥。注意不要施单一的肥料，尤其是氮肥，会使叶片由紫返青，影响观赏。施肥时不要将液肥溅到叶面，容易引起叶片疾病。五、修剪当出现以下情况时就需要对紫叶酢浆草进行修剪了： 1.当植株长势过旺时，要及时摘除较密的叶片，改善通风透光条件，促进生长。 2.当然日常养护中，要及时摘除枯黄的叶片，减少病虫害的发生。 3.养花讲究美观，当叶柄过长或株型不美时，可以重剪叶片，让其重新长出新叶。以上就是亲农网为大家介绍的有关紫叶酢浆草的养护方法，可以看到紫叶酢浆草的养护相对而言还算是比较简单的，这种植物比较适合群体栽培，可以把地面全部铺成紫色一片，整齐排列十分壮观，同时紫叶酢浆草还有一定的药效，外用有消肿止痛之功效。

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Miss Chen

2018年01月17日

Description: This annual plant is a twining vine about 3-7' long. The stems are slightly pubescent, or have scattered white hairs. The larger alternate leaves are usually cordate, although leaves with 3 acute lobes are sometimes observed; smaller leaves are usually ovate. These leaves are 2-4" long and about half as much across. Their margins are smooth, while the upper leaf surface has scattered white hairs. The petioles are long, slender, and more or less pubescent. From the base of these petioles, develops 1-3 white funnelform flowers from a short stalk. These flowers are up to 1" long and ¾" across. They are shallowly lobed. At the throat of each flower, is a single white stigma with a knobby head, which is closely surrounded by several white stamens with purple or white anthers. Rarely, a flower will have two knobby stigmata. There are 5 light green sepals that are lanceolate, pubsecent or hairy, and about 1/3" long. The blooming period occurs from mid-summer through the fall, and lasts about 2-3 months. Flowers bloom primarily during the morning; there is no noticeable floral scent. They are replaced by 2-valved seed capsules that are spherical and often hairy; these capsules are surrounded by 5 acute bracts. The large seeds are dark brown or black, with an irregular oblong shape and shiny surface. They rely primarily on the vining habit of the plant for their dispersal. The root system consists of a taproot. [图片]Cultivation: The preference is full sun and moist to mesic conditions; this plant also tolerates drier locations. The soil can contain significant amounts of loam, clay, or gravelly material. The stems will climb fences and taller plants if given a chance; in open areas, they sprawl about haphazardly. Range & Habitat: The native Small White Morning Glory occurs primarily in southern and western Illinois, where it is occasional. In the NE and extreme northern Illinois, this plant is apparently absent (see Distribution Map). Habitats include moist to mesic black soil prairies, thickets, gravelly bars of streams and banks of lakes, moist meadows near rivers or woodlands, abandoned fields, areas along roadsides and railroads, and miscellaneous waste areas. This plant favors disturbed habitats. [图片]Faunal Associations: Primarily long-tongued bees visit the flowers for nectar, including bumblebees and Little Carpenter bees, and such oligoleges as Melitoma taurea (Mallow Bee), Peponapis pruinosa pruinosa (Squash & Gourd Bee), and Cemolobus ipomoea (Morning Glory Bee). Some insects feed on the foliage of this plant, including the caterpillars of Emmelina monodictyla (Common Plume Moth) and several species of Tortoise Beetles. The seeds, as large as they are, are consumed by only a few upland gamebirds to a limited extent; this includes the Bobwhite and Ring-Necked Pheasant. Mammalian herbivores don't feed on this plant because the foliage is somewhat toxic and has a slightly rank smell. Photographic Location: Photographs were taken along a railroad in Savoy, Illinois. [图片]Comments: The flowers of this plant are smaller in size than other Morning Glories and Bindweeds. While the flowers of Convolvulus arvensis (Field Bindweed) have about the same length, they are broader when fully open (1" or more). There is some variability across local populations of Small White Morning Glory, particularly with regard to the hairiness of the plant. On rare occasions, the flowers may be pink or light purple. This plant will continue to bloom sporadically until late in the fall, when it is killed by frost.

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Miss Chen

2018年01月17日

Description: This perennial wildflower consists of a rosette of slender basal leaves and slightly shorter flowering stems. The basal leaves are up to 12" tall and ½" across; they are linear or linear-elliptic in shape and smooth (entire) along their margins. They are medium to dark green with scattered white hairs. One or more flowering stems up to 8" tall develop from the rosette of basal leaves; they are medium green with scattered white hairs. Each of these stems terminates in a rather loose umbel of two or more flowers. Each flower is about ¾" across and it consists of 6 yellow tepals that are widely spreading and lanceolate in shape. The tepals (especially the 3 outer ones) are often hairy along their undersides while the flower is in bloom. In the center, a yellow pistil is surrounded by 6 stamens with prominent golden yellow anthers. The blooming period occurs from mid-spring to early summer and lasts about 1 month. Sometimes there is a mild floral fragrance. Each seed capsule splits open irregularly, releasing several glossy black seeds that are covered with concentric rows of minute wart-like projections. The root system consists of a small corm. [图片]Cultivation: The preference is full or partial sun, moist to slightly dry conditions, and soil containing loam, sand, or rocky material. This wildflower is not usually bothered by foliar disease during the period of active growth during the spring. It can spread to form loose colonies, but is not particularly aggressive. Range & Habitat: The native Yellow Star Grass occurs in most counties of Illinois (see Distribution Map). While it is widely distributed, this plant is not particularly common in any given locality. Habitats include prairies, hill prairies, edges of bluffs, savannas, open woodlands and paths through woodlands, fens, sandstone glades, abandoned fields, and lawns. Like Claytonia virginica (Spring Beauty), Yellow Star Grass can spread into lawns if mowing is delayed until late in the spring. Fidelity to any particular habitat is relatively low. Faunal Associations: The flowers attract small bees primarily, including Little Carpenter bees (Ceratina spp.), Mason bees (Osmia spp.), and Halictid bees (Halictus spp., Lasioglossum spp., & others). These insects collect pollen and they are females. Other insect visitors include Syrphid flies and beetles that feed on the pollen. The flowers do not produce nectar. Cross-pollination is required for fertile seeds to develop. Among vertebrate animals, small rodents occasionally eat the corms. Otherwise, little information is available regarding this plant's relationships to other fauna. Photographic Location: The photographs were taken at a cemetery prairie and a wooded bluff in east-central Illinois. Comments: This dainty wildflower is like a miniature jewel when it is in bloom. It is rarely more than 6" in height. No other native wildflower within the state closely resembles it, making identification relatively easy

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Miss Chen

2018年01月17日

Description: This perennial plant is up to 2½' tall, branching frequently from the upper axils of the leaves, and having a shrubby appearance. The base of the plant is occasionally semi-woody, but the upper stems are herbaceous and green. The entire plant is devoid of hairs. The opposite leaves are up to 3" long and ¾" across. The pairs of leaves rotate by 90° as they ascend the stems. They are oblong or lanceolate with blunt tips, and are sessile against the stems. The margins are smooth, while the underside of each leaf is light green and devoid of black dots. Numerous clusters of yellow flowers occur at the ends of the upper stems. Each flower is about ½–¾" across, with 5 rounded petals, and numerous long stamens surrounding a stigma that is slender and flask-shaped. The flowers have a mild buttercup-like fragrance. The blooming period occurs from early to mid-summer and lasts about a month. The small seeds are distributed to some extent by the wind. The root system consists of a central taproot and short rhizomes. This plant tends to spread vegetatively in sunny open areas. Cultivation: The preference is full or partial sun, and average to dry conditions. Different kinds of soil are readily tolerated, including those with substantial amounts of loam, gravel, sand, or clay. However, poor soil is often preferred because of the reduced competition from taller plants. [图片]Range & Habitat: Round-Fruited St. John's Wort is widely distributed in Illinois, but it occurs only occasionally (see Distribution Map). It is least common in SE Illinois. This is a native wildflower. Habitats include mesic to dry gravel prairies, sand prairies, hill prairies, rocky open woodlands, thickets, scrubby barrens, rocky bluffs overlooking major rivers, limestone glades, dry banks of lakes, and open areas along roadsides. Faunal Associations: Bumblebees and other long-tongued bees are probably the most important pollinators of the flowers. Other visitors include Halictine bees, beetles, and Syrphid flies, but they are less effective at pollination. All of these insects collect or feed on the abundant pollen, because the flowers offer no nectar. The caterpillars of the butterfly Strymon melinus (Gray Hairstreak) reportedly eat the seed capsules, although it is not a preferred host plant. The caterpillars of the moth Nedra ramosula (Gray Half-Spot) feed on the foliage. Like other St. John's Worts, the foliage of this species contains a toxic chemical that causes photosensitive skin reactions, particularly in light-skinned animals, and can irritate the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, mammalian herbivores usually leave this plant alone if other food sources are available. [图片]Photographic Location: The photographs were taken at Crystal Lake Park in Urbana, Illinois. Comments: This plant can be easily distinguished from similar St. John's Worts by the absence of black dots on the flower petals and undersides of the leaves. The flowers tends to be larger than Hypericum punctatum (Spotted St. John's Wort), but smaller than Hypericum kalmii (Kalm's St. John's Wort), and Hypericum pyramidatum (Great S. John' Wort). This is an attractive plant while in the early to middle stages of bloom, although later losses some of its appeal because of the persistance of older brown petals near the seed capsules.

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Miss Chen

2018年01月17日

Description: This perennial plant is up to 2½' tall, branching occasionally in the upper half. The hairless stems are red or green. The hairless opposite leaves are up to 2½" long and 1" across. They are oblong, oval, or bluntly lanceolate (with rounded tips), with a few pinnate or parallel veins and smooth margins. The leaves are often sessile or perfoliate, otherwise they have short petioles. Scattered translucent dots are observable on the underside of the leaves. Smaller leaves often appear in the upper axils of the larger leaves on major stems. Many of these stems terminate in tight clusters of yellow flowers. Each flower is a little less than ½" across, and has 5 petals. In the center, is a flask-shaped pistil that is surrounded by numerous yellow anthers on long styles. Numerous small dark dots can occur anywhere on the surface of the petals or the buds, often appearing in streaks. There is no floral scent. The blooming period occurs during mid-summer and lasts about a month. The seedpods split into 3 sections, exposing numerous tiny seeds, which are scattered by the wind when the stems sway back and forth. The root system consists of a branching taproot and short rhizomes. Vegetative colonies of this plant can develop from the rhizomes. [图片]Cultivation: The preference is full or partial sun, moist to mesic conditions, and a rather lean soil, which reduces competition from taller plants. Rocky or gravelly soil is quite acceptable. Occasionally, the leaves turn brown in response to drought, otherwise this plant has few problems. Range & Habitat: Spotted St. John's Wort occurs in every county of Illinois, where it is fairly common and native (see Distribution Map). Habitats include moist to mesic black soil prairies, gravel prairies, open woodlands (rocky and otherwise), savannas, woodland borders, thickets, clay banks along rivers or lakes, and areas along roadsides and railroads. Faunal Associations: The flowers attract long-tongued and short-tongued bees, including bumblebees and Halictid bees. Beetles and Syrphid flies may also visit the flowers, but they are less effective pollinators. The reward of these insects is the abundant pollen, as the flowers produce no nectar. The caterpillars of the butterfly Strymon melinus (Gray Hairstreak) reportedly eat the seed capsules, while the caterpillars of the moth Nedra ramosula (Gray Half-Spot) feed on the foliage. Mammalian herbivores usually don't consume this plant because the leaves contain hypericin – a photosensitive toxin. Light-skinned animals are especially sensitive to this toxin, which can cause the skin to blister in sunlight. It can also cause gastrointestinal irritation. Photographic Location: The photographs were taken at Judge Webber Park in Urbana, Illinois. Comments: The easiest way to distinguish Spotted St. John's Wort from other similar species involves an examination of the flower petals. Dark dots and streaks can appear anywhere on the upper surface of the yellow petals, whereas for other species of St. John's Wort such dots and streaks are confined near the margins of the petals, or they are completely absent. The common name of this plant refers to the feast day of St. John, which was celebrated in Medieval Europe at the time of the summer solstice (late June). This corresponded to the time when the European species Hypericum perforatum (Common St. John's Wort) typically blooms, and so the saint and wildflower became associated together.

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