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Miss Chen
2018年01月11日
Miss Chen
Description: This perennial plant is 3-5' tall, branching occasionally and becoming rather bushy in open situations. The stems are light green to reddish green, variably pubescent or hairy, and terete to slightly angular. Pairs of opposite leaves are distributed evenly along these stems. These leaves are 2½–5" long and 1–3½" across; they are cordate-ovate, ovate, or lanceolate in shape, while their margins are coarsely serrated. The upper leaf surface is medium to dark green and usually rough-textured from minute stiff hairs, while the lower leaf surface is light green and glabrous to short-pubescent. Primary veins of the leaves are pinnately arranged. On each leaf, 2 prominent lateral veins become separated from the central vein near its base. Secondary veins of the leaves form reticulated networks that are visible on the leaf undersides. The petioles are up to ¾" long, partially winged, and more or less pubescent. The upper stems terminate in flowerheads spanning about 1½–3" across; these flowerheads are usually more or less erect. Each flowerhead consists of 8-20 ray florets that surround numerous disk florets. The petaloid rays of each flowerhead are yellow to deep golden yellow, oblong or oblong-elliptic in shape, and slightly notched at their tips. The tiny corollas of both the ray florets and disk florets are short-tubular in shape, deep golden yellow to orange-yellow, and 5-lobed; the corolla lobes of these florets are triangular in shape and spreading to recurved. Both the ray florets and disk florets of the flowerheads are fertile. At the base of each flowerhead, there are several outer phyllaries (floral bracts) that are arranged in a single series. These phyllaries are light to medium green, more or less pubescent, and oblong-ovate in shape, tapering abruptly to blunt tips that are somewhat recurved. There are also several inner phyllaries that are arranged in a single series. These phyllaries are similar to the outer phyllaries, but their tips are appressed along the base of the flowerhead, rather than recurved. The peduncles of the flowerheads are 1-6" long, light green, terete to slightly angular, and more or less pubescent. The blooming period occurs from early summer to late summer, lasting about 2-3 months for a colony of plants. Afterwards, the florets are replaced by achenes that are 4-5 mm. long, oblongoid-oblanceoloid in shape, somewhat flattened, and dark-colored. These achenes lack tufts of hair, nor do they have significant scales at their apices. The root system is fibrous. [图片]Cultivation: The preference is full to partial sun, moist to mesic conditions, and loamy soil, although rocky ground and clay-loam are tolerated. This plant is easy to cultivate and it has a long blooming period during the summer. Some double-flowered cultivars are available. Range & Habitat: The native False Sunflower occurs throughout Illinois, except for a few southern counties (see Distribution Map). It is a fairly common plant, favoring areas that have some history of disturbance. Habitats include black soil prairies, river-bottom prairies, grassy meadows in wooded areas, open woodlands, woodland borders, savannas, thickets, limestone glades, banks of streams, and areas along railroads where prairie remnants occur. False Sunflower is grown in flower gardens, from which it sometimes escapes into neighboring waste areas. This plant is also used in prairie restorations, even though it is more typically found in or around wooded areas. [图片]Faunal Associations: The nectar and pollen of the flowerheads attract a wide variety of insects, including honeybees, bumblebees, little carpenter bees (Ceratina spp.), digger bees (Melissodes spp.), cuckoo bees (Coelioxys spp., Triepeolus spp.), leaf-cutting bees (Megachile spp.), Halictid bees (Agapostemon spp., Lasioglossum spp.), Andrenid bees (Andrena spp., Heterosarus spp.), thread-waisted wasps (Ammophila spp.) and other wasps, Syrphid flies (Eristalis spp., Toxomerus spp.), bee flies (Exoprosopa spp.), the Goldenrod Soldier Beetle (Chauliognathus pennsylanicus) and other beetles, Painted Lady butterflies (Vanessa spp.) and other butterflies, and skippers (Robertson, 1929). These floral visitors cross-pollinate the flowerheads. Other insects feed on the leaves, stems, seeds, and other parts of False Sunflower. These species include a leaf beetle (Physonota helianthi), leaf-mining larvae of a Tischeriid moth (Astrotischeria heliopsisella), stem-boring larvae of the Rigid Sunflower Borer Moth (Papaipema rigida), floret- and seed-eating larvae of a fly (Melanagromyza virens), and a seed bug (Lygaeus turcicus); see Clark et al. (2004), Microleps website (2010), Covell (1984/2005), Marcovitch (1916), and Hoffman (1996). Little is known about this plant's relationships to vertebrate animals, but they are probably similar to those of sunflowers (Helianthus spp.). Hoofed mammalian herbivores probably browse on the young foliage, while upland gamebirds, granivorous songbirds, and small rodents probably eat the seeds. [图片]Photographic Location: The photographs were taken at Kaufman Lake Park in Champaign, Illinois, near some trees. Comments: False Sunflower (Heliopsis helianthoides) is not considered a true sunflower (Helianthus sp.) because both the ray and disk florets of its flowerheads can produce seeds. In contrast, only the disk florets of sunflowers can produce seeds. In contrast to both False Sunflower and true sunflowers, only the ray florets of Silphium spp. can produce seeds, while their disk florets are seedless. All of these species are relatively large and robust plants that produce showy flowerheads with yellow rays, and they prefer habitats that are at least partly sunny. False Sunflower resembles many sunflower species, particularly those that are found in and around woodlands. In addition to the difference in the fertility of their florets, False Sunflower can be distinguished by its more erect flowerheads, by the rather stout and blunt-tipped phyllaries on its flowerheads, and by the arrangement of its outer phyllaries in a single series. In contrast, most sunflower species have flowerheads that nod sideways, their phyllaries are either more slender (linear-lanceolate in shape) or they are triangular with acute tips, and they have several overlapping series of outer phyllaries.
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Miss Chen
2018年01月11日
Miss Chen
Description: This herbaceous perennial plant is 2-8' tall, branching occasionally along the upper one-half of its length. The stems are light green to reddish brown, terete, and hairy; the stem hairs are white, widely spreading, and slightly stiff. Either opposite or alternate leaves occur along lower to middle stems of this plant, while alternate leaves occur along the upper stems. There is some variation across populations to what extent the leaves are opposite or alternate. The leaf blades are up to 9" long and 4" across, although they are usually closer to one-third or one-half of this size. The leaf blades are lanceolate to ovate in shape and nearly entire (toothless) to serrate-dentate along their margins. The bases of leaf blades are wedge-shaped to rounded, while their tips are acute. The upper blade surface is medium green and nearly glabrous to minutely stiff-hairy, while the lower blade surface is pale-medium green and minutely stiff-hairy to short-pubescent. The hairiness of the leaf blades varies to some extent across different populations of plants. The petioles of the leaves are ¼–2½" long, becoming increasingly winged toward their blades; they are light green and minutely stiff-hairy to pubescent. The petioles become progressively shorter as they ascend along the stems. The upper stems terminate in one or more flowerheads on peduncles up to 8" long. The peduncles are similar to the stems in their characteristics. Each flowerhead spans 2½–3½" across, consisting of a dense head of disk florets that are surrounded by 10-20 ray florets. The corollas of the disk florets are about ¼" long, narrowly tubular in shape, yellow, and 5-lobed at their apices. The petaloid rays of the flowerheads are yellow and elliptic-oblong in shape. At the base of each flowerhead, there are medium green phyllaries (floral bracts) that are arranged in 2-3 overlapping series. These phyllaries are lanceolate-triangular to ovate-triangular in shape and either appressed together or slightly spreading; their margins are usually ciliate. The blooming period occurs from late summer into autumn, lasting 1-2 months. Afterwards, fertile disk florets are replaced by achenes. At maturity, these achenes are about ¼" (6 mm.) long, oblongoid-oblanceoloid in shape, somewhat flattened, and glabrous to slightly downy. The apices of these achenes have tiny deciduous scales that soon fall off. The root system is fibrous, rhizomatous, and tuberous. The tubers are fusiform to rounded-chunky in appearance and relatively large (often 2" or more across). Clonal colonies of plants are often produced from the rhizomes and tubers. [图片]Cultivation: The preference is full to partial sun, moist conditions, and soil containing fertile loam. During hot dry weather, the leaves may wilt conspicuously or the lower leaves may fall off, but this plant recovers readily after significant rainfall. Foliar disease usually isn't a problem until autumn, when powdery mildew on the leaves may develop. During a wind storm, this plant may topple over while it is in bloom. In open situations with reduced competition, this plant has a tendency to spread aggressively. Range & Habitat: Jerusalem Artichoke occurs throughout most of Illinois, except a few counties in southern and NW Illinois (see Distribution Map). Overall, it is a fairly common plant; there are both native populations and plants that have escaped cultivation within the state. Habitats include moist to mesic black soil prairies, prairie remnants along railroads, moist meadows along rivers, woodland borders, thickets, roadsides and areas along railroads, slopes of ditches and drainage canals, and miscellaneous waste areas. Jerusalem Artichoke is usually more common in disturbed areas. [图片]Faunal Associations: The nectar and pollen of the flowers attract primarily bees, including bumblebees, cuckoo bees (Triepeolus spp.), digger bees (Melissodes spp.), leaf-cutting bees (Megachile spp.), Halictid bees, and Andrenid bees. Bees that are specialist pollinators (oligoleges) of sunflowers (Helianthus spp.) include a digger bee (Melissodes agilis), some Andrenid bees (Andrena accepta, Andrena aliciae, Andrena helianthi), a dagger bee (Pseudopanurgus rugosus), and a Halictid bee (Dufourea marginata marginata). Other floral visitors include Syrphid flies, bee flies (Bombyliidae), small to medium-sized butterflies, wasps, and beetles (Robertson, 1929, & others). These insects cross-pollinate the flowerheads. Other insects feed destructively on the foliage, stems, flowerheads, seeds, plant sap, and roots of sunflowers. The larvae of such butterflies as the Gorgone Checkerspot (Chlosyne gorgone), Silvery Checkerspot (Chlosyne nycteis) and Painted Lady (Vanessa cardui) feed on the foliage of these plants, as do the larvae of such moths as the Arge Tiger Moth (Grammia arge) and Ruby Tiger Moth (Phragmatobia fuliginosa). Larvae of the Sunflower Moth (Homoeosoma electella) and Frothy Moth (Stibadium spumosum) feed on the seeds, while larvae of the Sunflower Borer Moth (Papaipema necopina) and Rigid Sunflower Borer Moth (Papaipema rigida) bore through the stems. [图片]The Moth Table shows additional moths that feed on sunflowers. Other insect feeders include leaf beetles (Exema dispar, Ophraella communa, Trirhabda adela), weevils, billbugs, plant bugs, the larvae of gall midges, the larvae of fruit flies, aphids, leafhoppers, treehoppers, grasshoppers, and thrips. The Insect Table shows more information about these insects. Among vertebrate animals, the seeds are an important source of food for many birds, including the Bobwhite Quail, Mourning Dove, White-winged Crossbill, and Eastern Goldfinch (see the Bird Table for more information). Mammals also use sunflowers in various ways. Their seeds are eaten by the Thirteen-lined Ground Squirrel and other rodents, while the Plains Pocket Gopher feeds on their roots and the White-tailed Deer browses on their foliage (Martin et al., 1951/1961). The tuberous roots of Jerusalem Artichoke are particularly attractive to pigs (Georgia, 1913), whether domesticated or wild. Horses, cattle, sheep, and other domesticated farm animals browse on the foliage of these plants. When sunflowers grow near creeks or ponds, their stems are used by muskrats and beavers for the construction of their dens or dams. Large colonies of sunflowers provide protective cover for many kinds of wildlife. [图片]Photographic Location: The photographs were taken along the rocky slope of a drainage ditch at the Windsor Road Prairie in Champaign, Illinois. Comments: A better name for this sunflower would be 'Indian Potato' because the native people of North America cultivated and ate the edible tubers, which are produced in substantial quantities. These tubers have fewer calories per gram than the familiar 'Irish Potato' (a South American plant), and they are better for diabetics because the carbohydrates and sugars can be assimilated by the digestive tract without insulin. However, the tubers can produce flatulence in some people. Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) can be distinguished from other perennial sunflowers (Helianthus spp.) by its longer petioles (often exceeding ½" in length) and wider leaves. Unlike most sunflowers, the stems of Jerusalem Artichoke are covered with spreading hairs. Finally, the phyllaries (floral bracts) of its flowerheads are more wide and triangular-shaped than those of most sunflowers; the latter usually have linear-lanceolate phyllaries. The Annual Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) differs from Jerusalem Artichoke by having even wider leaves that are more or less truncate at their bases, and the central disks of its flowerheads (where the disk florets occur) are more broad.
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Miss Chen
2018年01月11日
Miss Chen
Description: This herbaceous perennial plant is 2-4' tall. It is either unbranched or sparingly branched toward the apex. The central stem is green or reddish brown; it has scattered short white hairs that are quite stiff, providing a sand-papery texture. The opposite leaves are up to 6" long and 2" across, becoming slightly smaller and more narrow as they ascend the stem. However, one or two of the uppermost leaves may alternate along the stem. These leaves are lanceolate or narrowly ovate, tapering gradually at the base. They have short thick petioles, smooth or slightly serrate margins, and a rather rough texture because of scattered short stiff hairs and fine bumps on the surface. In hot dry weather, the leaves often curl upward along the central vein. Each composite flower is about 2½–3" across, occurring individually at the apex of the central stem and any upper lateral stems. It consists of 10-25 yellow ray florets surrounding numerous reddish brown or yellow disk florets (the latter is atypical). Sometimes the ray florets fold along their length and assume a star-like quality in response to hot dry weather. The floral bracts (phyllaries) surrounding the base of each composite flower are triangular in shape and appressed together in 2-3 overlapping series. There is little noticeable floral scent. The blooming period occurs from late summer to fall, lasting 1-2 months. The root system produces numerous rhizomes, which enables this plant to form dense colonies quickly. These colonies of Prairie Sunflower tend to exclude other plant species because the roots exude allelopathic chemicals that inhibit seed germination and growth of young plants. Because Prairie Sunflower is somewhat vulnerable to these chemicals itself, the plants in the middle of a colony sometimes die out, creating a "fairy ring" effect. [图片]Cultivation: The preference is full sun and mesic to dry conditions. The soil can contain significant amounts of loam, clay loam, sand, or gravelly material. This plant is easy to grow, but can spread and become very aggressive. Patches of powdery mildew may occur on the leaves. It is sometimes shy to flower. Range & Habitat: The native Prairie Sunflower occurs occasionally in central and northern Illinois, but is uncommon or absent in many areas of southern Illinois (see Distribution Map). It is locally common in some prairie remnants, particularly along railroads. Habitats include mesic to dry black soil prairies, gravel prairies, sand prairies, hill prairies, limestone glades, and areas along railroads. [图片]Faunal Associations: The flowers attract bumblebees, Miner bees, large Leaf-Cutting bees, Halictine bees, bee flies, butterflies, and skippers. Typical butterfly visitors include Phyciodes tharos (Pearl Crescent), Vanessa cardui (Painted Lady), and Chlosyne spp. (Checkerspot butterflies). These insects seek nectar, although the bees also collect pollen. The caterpillars of the butterflies Chlosyne nycteis (Silvery Checkerspot), Chlosyne gorgone (Gorgon Checkerspot), and Vanessa cardui (Painted Lady) feed on the foliage of this and other sunflowers. The caterpillars of several species of moths and miscellaneous other insects feed on various parts of sunflowers (see Insect Table). This includes the larvae of Microrhapala cyanea (Leaf Miner Beetle) and Gnorimoschema sp. (Gall Moth sp.), the latter forming circular galls on the stems. The large and nutritious seeds are eaten by many kinds of upland gamebirds, songbirds, and small rodents (see Wildlife Table). The Eastern Pocket Gopher eats the roots, while deer and livestock browse on the foliage. [图片]Photographic Location: The photographs were taken at Dave Monk's postage stamp prairie in Champaign, Illinois. Comments: Prairie Sunflower can be variable in appearance. With respect to the flowers, the disk florets are usually reddish brown (maroon), however sometimes they are yellow in appearance; there are usually 10-15 ray florets, but sometimes as many as 25. Similarly, the leaves are often 1" across or less, but sometimes wider. These variations may be the result of hybridization, or the existence of subspecies that remain to be identified. This sunflower species can be distinguished from others by the rough texture of its leaves and stems, the short stout petioles, and the lanceolate shape of its leaves. In addition, the floral bracts (phyllaries) are triangular in shape and more wide than those of most other sunflowers. Prairie Sunflower is more xerophytic than many other sunflowers in Illinois, favoring dry upland areas in full sunlight. Another scientific name for this plant is Helianthus rigidus, but it is considered obsolete.
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Miss Chen
2018年01月11日
Miss Chen
Description: This perennial wildflower consists of a rosette of basal leaves up to 1½' across, from which a flowering stalk develops that is 2-4' tall. The blades of the basal leaves are 2-7" long and 1-3" across; they are oval to ovate in shape and their margins are smooth (entire) or serrulate with sparse small teeth. The blades of basal leaves usually have rounded bottom and blunt tips. Their upper blade surfaces are medium green and rough-textured, while their lower surfaces are light green. In addition to their central veins, the basal leaves have 1-2 pairs of lateral veins that originate from the bases of their blades. The slender petioles of the basal leaves are 1-4" long and light green. The flowering stalk is light green to greenish red and glabrous to hairy; it is mostly naked, except for 1-2 pairs of opposite leaves below and a few alternate leaves above. The blades of opposite or alternate leaves are 1-3" long and ¼-¾" across; they are lanceolate or elliptic in shape and usually smooth (entire) along their margins. The blades surfaces of these leaves are similar to those of the basal leaves, while their petioles are either absent or up to ½" long. The flowering stalk terminates in 1-12 flowerheads that are usually arranged in a panicle. The peduncles of these flowerheads are ½-6" long. Individual flowerheads are 1½-2½" across, consisting of 8-22 ray florets that surround numerous disk florets. The petaloid rays are yellow and oblong to elliptic in shape. The tiny disk florets have tubular corollas that are yellow and 5-lobed. Around the base of each flowerhead, there are several overlapping phyllaries (floral bracts). These phyllaries are 5-7 mm. long, light green, linear-lanceolate in shape, and ciliate along their margins. The blooming period occurs from mid-summer to early fall, lasting about 1 month for a colony of plants. Afterwards, the fertile disk florets are replaced by achenes about 3-4 mm. in length. These achenes are broadly oblongoid and somewhat flattened in shape; they have a pair of scale-like awns that are early-deciduous. The root system consists of a narrow taproot with shallow rhizomes. Vegetative colonies of plants are sometimes produced from these rhizomes. Cultivation: The preference is full sun, mesic to dry conditions, and sandy soil. This wildflower will also adapt to partial sun and rocky soil. On deep fertile soil, it is not competitive with other species of plants. This is one of the less aggressive Helianthus spp. (sunflowers). Range & Habitat: The native Western Sunflower is occasional in the northern half of Illinois, while in the southern section of the state it is uncommon or absent. Habitats include upland sand prairies, sandy hill prairies, upland sandy savannas, limestone and sandstone glades, sandy areas along railroads, and sandy abandoned fields. This sunflower is usually found in higher quality habitats where the original ground flora is still intact. Faunal Associations: The pollinators of Western Sunflower are probably similar to those of other sunflowers that grow in relatively open areas. This includes such insects and long-tongued bees, short-tongued bees, miscellaneous flies, and occasional butterflies. The following bees are oligoleges (specialist pollinators) of sunflowers (Helianthus spp.): Dufourea marginata, Andrena accepta, Andrena helianthi, Andrena aliciae, Melissodes agilis, and Pseudopanurgus rugosus. Other insects feed on the foliage, bore through the stems, feed on the florets and seeds, or suck plant juices from sunflowers. These species include: the leafhoppers Mesamia straminea and Mesamia nigridorsum; the aphids Uroleucon illini and Uroleucon rudbeckiae; the plant bugs Ilnacora stalii and Plagiognathus nigronitens; Haplorhynchities aeneus (Sunflower Head-Clipping Weevil) and Cylindrocopturus adspersus (Sunflower Stem Weevil); the leaf beetles Physonota helianthi and Trirhabda adela; Contarinia schulzi (Sunflower Midge) and Neotephritis finalis (Sunflower Seed Maggot); Melanoplus packardii (Packard's Grasshopper) and Sparagemon collare (Mottled Sand Grasshopper); and the flower thrips Heterothrips auranticornis (see Insect Table for a more complete listing of these species). In addition to these insects, the caterpillars of such butterflies as Chlosyne gorgone (Gorgone Checkerspot), Chlosyne nycteis (Silvery Checkerspot), and Vanessa cardui (Painted Lady) feed on sunflowers, as do the caterpillars of many moths (see Moth Table). [图片]The seeds of wild sunflowers are a nutritious source of food for many birds, including the Mourning Dove, Eastern Goldfinch, White-Winged Crossbill, Bobwhite Quail, and several species of sparrows (see Bird Table). The seeds are also eaten by the Thirteen-Lined Ground Squirrel, mice, and voles. White-Tailed Deer and other hoofed mammalian herbivores browse on the flowering stalks and leaves of sunflowers. Because the Plains Pocket Gopher prefers many of the same habitats as the Western Sunflower in Illinois (open sandy habitats that are well-drained), it likely feeds on the roots, foliage, and seeds of this sunflower in some areas of the state. Photographic Location: A flower garden in Urbana, Illinois. Because of a hot dry summer, the foliage of the photographed plant was unusually yellow. [图片]Comments: Because of its prominent basal leaves and nearly naked flowering stalks, the Western Sunflower has a very distinct appearance among Helianthus spp. (sunflowers). It resembles a petite Silphium terebinthinaceum (Prairie Dock), however the seeds of this latter wildflower are produced by the ray florets, rather than the disk florets. Also, the basal leaves of this latter wildflower are more toothed along their margins, more erect, and much larger in size. In spite of its distinct appearance, the Western Sunflower can form both natural and artificial hybrids with several species of sunflowers. One of these hybrids, Helianthus × cinereus, has Helianthus mollis (Downy Sunflower) as the other parent. The common name of this species, Western Sunflower, is somewhat misleading, because it isn't native to the western United States. Instead, its distribution is centered in the upper Midwest.
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Miss Chen
2018年01月11日
Miss Chen
[图片]蟹爪兰常见杂交种有白色的圣诞白、多塞、吉纳、雪花；黄色的品种有金媚、圣诞火焰、金幻、剑桥；橙色的安特、弗里多；紫色的品种有马多加；粉色的品种有卡米拉、迪斯托和伊娃等，大多从美国、日本、丹麦等国引进。常规品种有茎淡紫色、花红色的圆齿蟹爪兰，花芽白色、开放时粉红色的美丽蟹爪兰，花芽红色的红花蟹爪兰及拉塞尔、巴克利、钝角、圣诞仙人掌等。 [图片]一、温度 蟹爪兰不耐寒，其生长期最适宜的温度为20℃～25℃，冬季最低温度不得低于10℃，否则就有冻伤的可能。因此随着冬天的到来，气温逐渐降低，要及时的把蟹爪兰移入到室内，保持室内温度在20℃以上，开花期间可以把温度适当降低至10℃～15℃。降温需要一定的过程，不要造成一天时间内温差过大。 二、光照 冬季是蟹爪兰的开花期，要使得植株健康开花，就必须要给予植株充足的光照，每天保持8～10小时的光照，可以保证花芽的正常发育，同时也要经常转动花盆，让蟹爪兰的各个面生长均匀。 三、浇水 蟹爪兰是比较喜欢湿润的环境的，但有时候会遇到砧木喜欢干旱的情况。要讲究宁干勿湿的原则，花盆内不可有积水，尤其在冬季，水分蒸发慢，浇水一旦过量就很容易形成积水，这就容易导致烂根。通常建议每周浇一次水，但在植株开花期可以经常向蟹爪兰喷水来保持花茎湿润。 四、施肥 与大部分花卉不同的是，冬季是蟹爪兰的开花期而不是休眠期，因此冬季蟹爪兰需要充足的养分，冬季施肥以磷肥为主，7～10天追施腐熟的液肥。或者用磷酸二氢钾溶液喷洒叶面，保证花蕾正常生长。进入花期，为保证花开不断，10～15天施一次磷、钾肥。 五、修剪 蟹爪兰通常都是以嫁接方式养殖在家中的，这样的植株生长会比较旺盛，但同时也会出现发育不良和病变的情况。当植株的枝条密度过大时可以适当疏剪，保证每根茎节上有一个最健康肥大的花蕾，剪去其它的花苞花蕾，这样有助于减少养分的散失，让植株的花开更为艳丽。 以上就是亲农网为大家带来的有关蟹爪兰冬季的养护方法，冬季是蟹爪兰的开花期，一年到头的养殖到了最后要收获的时候，此时的照顾千万不能懈怠，蟹爪兰在冬季很有可能出现萎蔫或者是花小、花少的情况，这时候要综合考虑自己的养护环节在哪里出了问题，不要盲目的增肥加水。
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Miss Chen
2018年01月11日
Miss Chen
[图片]圣诞伽蓝菜是常绿多年生草本多浆植物。植株小巧，茎直立，株高10-30厘米。叶对生，叶片密集翠绿，长圆状匙形或椭圆形，长4-8厘米，宽2-6厘米，肉质，叶片上部叶缘具波状钝齿，下部全缘，亮绿色，有光泽，叶边略带红色。叶片属厚肉质，密集深绿，有光泽。圆锥状聚伞花序，挺直，深绿色。花序长7-10厘米。每株有花序5-7个，着花60 - 250朵。花小，高脚碟状，花径1.2- 1.6厘米，花瓣4片，花朵色彩丰富，花色有绯红、桃红、橙红、黄、橙黄和白等。花冠长管状，基部稍膨大，蓇葖果。种子多数。花期1-4月。 [图片]一、长寿花冬天会被冻死吗？ 我国南北地域辽阔，南北跨度大，所以在谈长寿花的时候也要分南北来说。对于南方地区而言，冬季当然是可以安全越冬的，甚至广东地区可以直接摆放在室外都没有问题，度过低时也只是影响植物的开花罢了。但若是北方的冬季，低温降雪可能直接把植株整株覆盖掉，这样先不谈能不能安全越冬，能不能活都成了问题，这样的温度绝大部分植物都无法抵御。因此在北方地区，如果想让长寿花安全越冬，就必须把盆栽移到室内种植。 二、长寿花冬季养护的温度要求 冬季若室外的温度降至5度时，就要把它移至室内摆放。虽然5度不能冻伤它，但会影响正常的开花，花期延期，且叶子也会泛红。移至室内时，温度也不要过高，维持在12度至15度之间较好。若室内温度达到24度时，花期则会消失；高于30度时，对植物会造成一定的健康影响。若可以维持在15度左右，那么则会延长花期，开花不断。 三、长寿花冬季养护的注意事项 长寿花的冬季养护措施，除了移动到室内养殖和进行保暖措施以外，还要注意在室内摆放时位置不能选择在制暖设备的通风口处，也不要放在暖气旁边。长寿花多接收阳光的照射有助于开花，因此在家庭养殖的过程中也要保证每天有几个小时能够晒到阳光。最后就是由于冬季气温低，家家户户门窗都是紧闭的，这样不通风的环境对于长寿花的生长是十分不利的，南方地区的花友们可以选择在天气晴朗的日子，把自己的花摆出去，晚上再收进房内，这样既能照射到阳光，又能让花处于一个通风的环境下，北方的花友也要尽量把花摆放在窗台等通风位置。 以上就是亲农网为大家介绍的有关长寿花冬天养护技巧，看完了本文亲农网觉得这种花冬季的养护还是不算很麻烦的，当然任何一种花想要养得好，付出一些心血都是必须的，如果放任不管就算是仙人掌也会被活活养死。本文的介绍就到这里，希望大家看完之后能有所收获。
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2018年01月11日
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[图片]石楠花最为人关注的特征是处于花期时的味道。其味道为浓烈的人类精液的味道，因此，虽然目前有很多城市将石楠花作为城市景观和绿化植物，但是却经常因为这个味道引起强烈吐槽。其实石楠花的优点远远大于它的缺点，这种树四季常绿，早春有红叶白花，夏季常绿，秋季有红色的果实，它一年四季都很具有观赏性，而且这种树可以吸附周围环境里的有毒有害气体，具有降尘环保的作用。 目前，以武汉种植此树作为绿化景观树最多。当地媒体也多次报道过石楠花花期期间的气味引起居民不满的新闻。专家建议，各种怪味花散发出来的味道，会让孕妇出现不适或有想吐的症状，因此有过敏体质或呼吸道疾病的市民，如果遇到像石楠花这样的怪味花，最好避开，或者戴上口罩，以免引起身体不适。 [图片]一、石楠花之所以污的原因： 石楠花之所以污，是因为处于花期时的味道。其味道为浓烈的人类精液的味道，因此，石楠花在到给我们生态景观的同时，也带来了一定烦恼！尤其对于那些孕妇，体质弱的老人或者一些过敏人群都会带来负面印象。那为什么石楠花的气味让人们那么反感干嘛还要种植呢？其实石楠花也有它独特的一面，这种树木一年四季都处于长青，开出的花特别鲜艳，一年四季都很具有观赏性，而且这种树可以吸附周围环境里的有毒有害气体，具有降尘环保的作用，可以为我们特别是城市起到环保的作用；可称之为大自然的天然环卫工。 二：石楠花的药用价值： 石楠花本身含有矿物质，拿它用来泡茶对于有尿道炎的人来说起到缓解的作用；石楠花可以帮助肠胃蠕动，起到助消化的作用！石楠花可以改善人体风湿，排除人体多余的尿酸等。 三、栽培石楠花应注意哪些事项： 石楠花的栽培方面也极其讲究首先是温度和湿度，石楠花喜欢有阳光的地方，稍耐阴，较耐寒，最低可承受零下15摄氏度的低温。石楠比较喜欢湿润的环境，要保持土壤的潮湿性，但也避免浇过多的水，以免造成根腐烂。每年春天3.4.5月份每隔15天施肥一次，夏秋季每隔15天左右施一次复合肥，石楠花对栽培的土壤不严格，但是最好选择在湿润，较肥沃的土地。 石楠在我们的生活中总体还是利大于弊，它是城市美丽生态环境的守护者，也为人类病患提供一定的药用价值，尽管气味上不那么如人意。别忘了它也是构筑起大自然生态链中不可或缺的一环。
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Miss Chen
2018年01月11日
Miss Chen
[图片]蒲包花正值春节应市，奇特的花形，惹人喜爱。也是很好的礼仪花卉，送上一盆鲜红的蒲包花，使节日的气氛更为浓厚。若摆放窗台、阳台或客室，红花翠叶，顿时满室生辉，热闹非凡。在商厦橱窗、宾馆茶室、机场贵宾室点缀数盆蒲包花，绚丽夺目，蔚为奇趣。 蒲包花在商品运输过程中易受乙烯毒害，造成大量花朵脱落，失去观赏价值。可以在运输前半个月用0.2-0.5毫摩尔/升硫代硫酸银（STS）溶液喷洒1次，可以保证盆花的商品价值。 [图片]一、生长特性 首先还是为大家介绍一下荷包花的生长特性，荷包花喜欢凉爽湿润的环境，，不耐高温也不耐寒冷，荷包花喜欢阳光的照射，但同时又不能收到夏季阳光的炙烤，因此在夏季要对其进行遮阴处理，同时荷包花需要生长在通风良好的环境下，对土壤的要求也颇为严格。下面我们来具体看一看荷包花的养殖方法吧。 二、荷包花的养殖方法 1.土壤 荷包花需要生长在疏松，排水性较好的沙壤土中，且土壤的透气性和营养物质要好，同时还要加上少量的骨粉来作为基肥，使用前还要进行高温消毒处理。 2.温度 荷包花最适宜的生长温度在15℃左右，如果温度高于20℃的话，荷包花的生长和开花都会受到一定的影响，开花时温度如果保持在10℃左右的话，花期能够得到一定额度延长，同时荷包花生长时的夜间温度和越冬温度都不能低于10℃。 3.光照 前面介绍过荷包花是比较喜欢光照的一种花卉，光照时间的长短决定了开花时间的前后，比如如果11月后每日的光照时间增加3小时，第二年元月末便有开花的可能，因此在种植时在10月前对荷包花遮阴要达30%，进入11月后到第二年3月之间不对其做遮阴处理，3月之后要重新对其遮阴，如果光照过强同时又没有进行遮阴处理，荷包花很容易就会患猝倒病。 4.水分 干旱会导致植株发育不良，潮湿又会引起根须腐烂，在此要重复强调一下土壤的排水性一定要好。另外浇水时也不要弄脏叶片，荷包花的叶片有绒毛，弄脏了之后叶片也会烂掉。在平时可以往花盆周围洒水，这样能够增加空气的湿度，开花时不要往花朵上喷水，避免影响到结实。 5.施肥 荷包花喜肥，但不要施以浓肥，生长期可以每隔半个月施肥一次，和浇水一样，要避免叶片污染，如果出现了茎叶徒长的情况就要立马停止施肥。 以上就是亲农网为大家介绍的有关荷包花的养殖方法，希望能够给大家带来一些帮助。荷包花的开花期通常在初春，这时候花开的本来就很少，再加上荷包花的花色十分艳丽，就更能为这个季节增添一些色彩了。
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Miss Chen
2018年01月11日
Miss Chen
[图片]植株矮小，株高一般5～6厘米。叶片互生，长圆形或匙状，肉质肥厚，生于极短的茎上，紧密排列为莲座状，叶色翠绿色，叶肉呈半透明状，叶面有8～12条暗褐色条纹或中间有褐色、青色的斑块，叶缘粉红色，有细锯齿。顶生总状花序，花极小。是常见的多肉植物之一。 水晶掌常为雌雄同株，花两性。花葶纤细，自叶簇中央的叶腋间抽生而出，大大超过叶簇。顶生总状花序，花极小，无观赏价值，开花后叶簇显得松散。 [图片]一、生长习性 水晶掌原产自南非，受到当期气候的影响，水晶掌喜欢温暖湿润的生长环境。比较能耐旱，但不耐寒也不耐热，最适宜的生长温度在20℃～25℃左右，对土壤的要求为肥沃、排水性良好。 二、水晶掌的养殖方法 1.水分 新到手的植株不要浇太多的水，以免引起植株腐烂，要等到长出新根之后才能正常浇水。水量也要控制好，通常是不干不浇，一次的浇水量也不能太多，不要形成积水，否则会导致烂根。不过这种植物繁殖能力很强，如果根茎烂了，取下一块比较完整的叶片，经过简单的处理就能重新定植。 2.土壤和选盆 水晶掌的栽培土壤要选择砂、土各半的土壤，也可以适当加一些骨粉来培养。水晶掌成熟之后整株的大小也不会特别大，高度不超过10厘米，因此可以选择用比较小的花盆来种植，一是便于摆放，二是观赏起来也比较充实饱满。 3.温度 春秋季节是水晶掌生长最快的季节，要注意温度的调节，避免温度过高或者过低，这样会导致水晶掌进入休眠状态，要进行适当的遮阴。当夏季温度过高的时候，要向盆内喷水降温，注意高温多湿会导致水晶掌的根部腐烂。 4.施肥 水晶掌的生长不用太多的肥料，每年的春季可以施一到两次磷、钾肥，施肥的时候要注意，不能把肥液滴到水晶掌的叶片上，否则会出现黄斑。 5.光照 水晶掌的叶片晶莹剔透，也是它主要的观赏价值的体现，如果长时间暴露在强光下照射，很可能导致叶片水分蒸发量大，就会造成叶片干瘪变色的情况，因此要把水晶掌放置在半阴的地方，这种环境下生长的水晶掌翠绿欲滴，如同果冻一般澄澈。 以上就是亲农网为大家带来的水晶掌的养殖方法和注意事项，希望能对大家有所帮助，水晶掌通常可以放置在几案或者书桌上，如同一件工艺品装饰着家庭环境。
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善良的小仙女
2018年02月02日
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June
2018年01月10日
June
冬天到了，突然想开花的植物了，平时只是养养绿萝，没多少养花经验，就想到了水培个白菜花。和绿萝一样好养，还会开花，满足我的需求。正好家里有大白菜，就把最嫩的芯留下了，然后选了一个塑料盒做容器接上水，把根部放水里就ok了，一切都是就地取材。白菜芯一天一个变化，天天观察的时候，要注意是否要加水，一周左右就抽出花骨朵了，花期很长，可以美美的看花了。
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