动态第913页 - 绿手指 - 养花技巧、花生病了怎么办、花园打理和设计

2017年08月24日

Can rosemary survive outside over winter? The answer depends on your growing zone, as rosemary plants are unlikely to survive temperatures below 10 to 20 F. (-7 to -12 C.). If you live in USDA plant hardiness zones 7 or below, rosemary will only survive if you bring it indoors before the arrival of freezing temperatures. On the other hand, if your growing zone is at least zone 8, you can grow rosemary outdoors year round with protection during the chilly months. However, there are exceptions, as a few newer rosemary cultivars have been bred to survive temperatures as low as USDA zone 6 with ample winter protection. Ask your local garden center about ‘Arp,’ ‘Athens Blue Spire’ and ‘Madeline Hill.’ Read on to learn about protecting rosemary plants in winter.[图片]How to Protect Rosemary in Winter Here are some tips for winterizing rosemary plants: Plant rosemary in a sunny, sheltered location where the plant is protected from harsh winter winds. A warm spot near your house is your best bet. Prune the plant to about 3 inches after the first frost, then bury the plant entirely with soil or compost. Pile 4 to 6 inches of mulch such as pine needles, straw, finely chopped mulch or chopped leaves over the plant. (Be sure to remove about half of the mulch in spring.) Unfortunately, there is no guarantee that your rosemary plant will survive a cold winter, even with protection. However, you can add a bit of extra protection by covering the plant with a frost blanket during cold snaps. Some gardeners surround rosemary plants with cinderblocks before adding mulch. The blocks provide extra insulation and also help hold the mulch in place.[图片]

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2017年08月24日

Evergreen rosemary is an attractive evergreen shrub with needle-like leaves and brilliant blue flowers. The flowers of evergreen rosemary persist through spring and summer, filling the air with a nice piney fragrance. This beautiful herb, mostly used for seasoning dishes, is also commonly used as ornamental plantings in the landscape. The scientific name for rosemary plant is Rosmarinus officinalis, which translates to “mist of the sea,” as its gray-green foliage is thought to resemble mist against the sea cliffs of the Mediterranean, where the plant originates.[图片]Evergreen Rosemary Plant Care Rosemary plant care is easy. When growing rosemary plants, provide them with well-drained, sandy soil and at least six to eight hours of sunlight. These plants thrive in warm, humid environments and cannot take extremely cold temperatures. Since rosemary cannot withstand winters below 30 F. (-1C.), it’s often better when growing rosemary plants to put them in containers, which can be placed in ground and easily moved indoors during winter. Rosemary prefers to remain somewhat on the dry side; therefore, terra cotta pots are a good choice when selecting suitable containers. These pots allow the plant to dry out faster. Thoroughly water rosemary plants when the soil is dry to the touch but allow the plants to dry out between watering intervals. Even indoors, rosemary plants will require lots of light, at least six hours, so place the plant in a suitable location free of drafts.[图片]Trimming Rosemary Pruning rosemary will help make a bushier plant. Most herbs thrive on being trimmed every now and then, especially those used for flavorings. Snip sprigs just as you would when cutting back a houseplant, trimming rosemary once blooming has ceased. The general rule for trimming rosemary is not to take more than one-third of the plant at any time and make cuts just above a leaf joint. These can then be dried like any other herb by hanging tied bundles upside down in a cool, dry place.[图片]Evergreen Rosemary Propagation Rosemary plants are usually propagated by cuttings, as it can be tricky getting evergreen rosemary seeds to germinate. Successfully growing rosemary plants from seeds comes only when the seeds are very fresh and when planted in optimum growing conditions. Start new rosemary plants with cuttings from existing evergreen plants. Cut stems that are about 2 inches long and remove leaves on the bottom two-thirds of the cutting. Place the cuttings in a mixture of perlite and peat moss, spraying with water until roots begin to grow. Once roots have developed, you can plant the cuttings as you would with any rosemary plant. Rosemary plants are prone to becoming root bound and should be repotted at least once a year. Yellowing of the lower foliage is an early indication that it’s time to repot.

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2017年08月24日

While they have a very unfortunate name, rape plants are widely grown the world over for their extremely fatty seeds that are used both for nutritious animal feed and for oil. Keep reading to learn more about rapeseed benefits and growing rape plants in the garden.[图片]Rapeseed Information What is rapeseed? Rape plants (Brassica napus) are members of the brassica family, which means they’re closely related to mustard, kale, and cabbage. Like all brassicas, they are cool weather crops, and growing rape plants in the spring or autumn is preferable. The plants are very forgiving and will grow in a wide range of soil qualities as long as it is well-draining. They will grow well in acidic, neutral, and alkaline soils. They will even tolerate salt.[图片]Rapeseed Benefits Rape plants are almost always grown for their seeds, which contain a very high percentage of oil. Once harvested, the seeds can be pressed and used for cooking oil or non-edible oils, such as lubricants and biofuels. The plants harvested for their oil are annuals. There are also biennial plants that are mainly grown as feed for animals. Because of the high fat content, biennial rape plants make an excellent feed and is often used as forage.[图片]Rapeseed vs. Canola Oil While the words rapeseed and canola are sometimes used interchangeably, they are not quite the same thing. While they belong to the same species, canola is a specific cultivar of the rape plant that is grown to produce food grade oil. Not all varieties of rapeseed are edible for humans due to the presence of erucic acid, which is especially low in canola varieties. The name “canola” was actually registered in 1973 when it was developed as an alternative to rapeseed for edible oil.

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2017年08月24日

Plantains are unsightly lawn weeds that thrive in compacted soil and neglected lawns. Plantain weed treatment consists of diligently digging out the plants as they appear and treating the plants with herbicides. Since weed plantain thrives in poorly established lawns, the best prevention is a healthy lawn. Keep reading to learn more about plantain control.[图片]Broadleaf and Narrow Leaf Plantains The two types of plantains that are commonly found in lawns are broadleaf plantain (Plantago major) and narrow-leaf, or buckhorn plant (P. lanceolata). These two perennial weeds are easily differentiated by their leaves. Broadleaf plantains have smooth, oval leaves while buckhorn plantain has ribbed, lance-shaped leaves. Both types are found throughout the U.S. where they thrive in compacted soil.[图片]Preventing Plantain Lawn Weeds The best way to prevent plantains in the lawn is to keep the soil aerated and healthy. Aerate compacted soil and follow a regular schedule of fertilization at least twice a year. Water the lawn deeply when there is less than an inch of rainfall in a week. A healthy lawn crowds out plantains, but the plantains crowd out the grass when the lawn is in poor condition. Plantain weeds also contaminate mowers and other equipment used on the lawn. Clean your equipment thoroughly before using it again to prevent the spread of planting lawn weeds.[图片]Plantain Weed Treatment Plantain control can be achieved by pulling or digging the plants as they emerge when the infested area is small. This is easiest in sandy soil or soil that has been softened by rain or irrigation. You may have to dig and pull the plants in the area several times before achieving complete control. The weeds must be removed before they have a chance to produce seeds. When large numbers of the weeds are present, plantain lawn weeds are best controlled with herbicides. Choose a post-emergent herbicide labeled for plantain control. Post-emergent herbicides are most effective against plantains in fall when the plants are moving carbohydrates to the roots for winter storage. You can also apply the herbicides in spring. Carefully follow the label instructions regarding mixing, timing and application procedures. Avoid spraying when temperatures are above 85 degrees F. (29 C.) and on windy days. Store any unused portions of the herbicide in the original container and out of the reach of children.

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2017年08月24日

When it comes to plantain, we often think of banana plantain, also known as cooking plantain (Musa paradisiaca). However, plantain herb (Plantago major) is a completely different plant often used for its many medicinal qualities. Read on to learn about plantain herb benefits and cultivation.[图片]How to Identify Plantain Herbs Native to Europe, plantain herbs are perennial, adaptable plants that grow nearly anywhere and tend to be weedy. In spite of their benefits, the hardy plants are a source of frustration for many gardeners and, as such, are more often considered weeds. The low-growing, ground-hugging plants display short, thick stems and rosettes of dark, shiny, oval or egg-shaped leaves measuring about 6 inches long and 4 inches wide. A leafless stalk rising above the plant sports spiky clusters of tiny green flowers in late summer.[图片]Plantain Herb Benefits Traditionally, plantain herb has been used to treat a variety of conditions ranging from coughs and congestion to nausea, heartburn, constipation and diarrhea. Some herbalists think the herb may level out cholesterol numbers and help control blood sugar. A poultice of plantain leaves or a spritz of plantain tea contains antibacterial properties that make it an effective treatment for skin irritations, including bites, cuts, scrapes, sunburn and poison ivy. Although plantain is considered to be safe, the herb should never be used to treat illness without guidance from a medical provider. The entire plantain plant, including the roots, is edible. The tender leaves can be lightly boiled like spinach, or used fresh in salads.[图片]Cultivation of Plantain in Gardens Plantain herb growing requires very little effort, as the plant grows across the country in USDA plant hardiness zones 3 through 9. Plantain herb grows in full sun or partial shade and nearly any soil, including sandy or rocky soil. Plant seeds directly in the garden in spring, or start them indoors a few weeks of time. A week of chilling time in the refrigerator (stratification) helps ensure germination. Harvest plantain any time by snipping the leaves or digging the roots with a spade or garden fork. Always wash the leaves thoroughly and be careful about harvesting plantain growing along roadsides or in unfamiliar ideas, as these plants may be sprayed with herbicides.

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2017年08月24日

I love fresh ground pepper, especially the mélange of white, red, and black corns which have a slightly different nuance than just plain black peppercorns. This mix can be pricey, so the thought is, can you grow black pepper plants? Let’s find out.[图片]Black Pepper Information Yes, growing black pepper is possible and here’s a little more black pepper information which will make it even more worthy beyond saving a couple of dollars. Peppercorns have good reason for costing dearly; they have been traded between East and West for centuries, were known to the ancient Greeks and Romans and served as currency in some European countries. This prized spice stimulates salivation and the production of gastric juices and is a revered food flavoring throughout the world. Piper nigrum, or peppercorn plant, is a tropical plant cultivated for its black, white and red peppercorns. The three colors of peppercorn are simply different stages of the same peppercorn. Black peppercorns are the dried immature fruit or drupes of the peppercorn plant while white pepper is made from the inner portion of the mature fruit.[图片]How to Grow Peppercorns Growing black pepper plants are actually vines most often propagated through vegetative cuttings and interspersed among shade crop trees, such as coffee. Conditions for growing black pepper plants require high temps, heavy and frequent rainfall, and well draining soil, met in the countries of India, Indonesia and Brazil — the greatest commercial exporters of peppercorns. So, the question is how to grow peppercorns for the home environ. These warm loving plants will stop growing when temps drop below 65 F. (18 C.) and do not tolerate frost; as such they make great container plants. Situate in full sun with 50 percent or greater humidity, or inside the house or greenhouse if your region does not fit this criteria.[图片]Feed the plant moderately with a 10-10-10 fertilizer in the amount of ¼ teaspoon per gallon of water every one to two weeks, excluding winter months when feeding should cease. Water thoroughly and consistently. Do not allow to dry out too much or overwater since peppercorn plants are susceptible to root rot. To stimulate peppercorn production, keep the plant under bright light and warm — above 65 F. (18 C.). Be patient. Peppercorns are slow growing and it will take a couple of years before they produce flowers that lead to peppercorns.

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2017年08月24日

An aroma synonymous with the Hippie era, patchouli cultivation has its place amongst the ‘de rigueur’ herbs of the garden such as oregano, basil, thyme and mint. As a matter of fact, patchouli plants reside in the family Lamiaceae, or mint family. Read on to learn more about patchouli uses.[图片]Information About Patchouli Herb Plant As you might guess due to its inclusion in the mint family, patchouli herb plant has a fragrant scent and has been valued for just that for centuries in addition to its purported medicinal uses. The patchouli plant is native to the Malay Archipelago and West Indies. Chinese, Indian, Malaysian and Japanese cultures included patchouli cultivation amongst their medicinal herb garden to treat fungal and skin problems, stomach ailments and as an insecticide and antiseptic. This perennial herb has furry, green and ovate leaves born on an erect plant that grows to between 2-3 feet. Patchouli plant blooms are white tinged with purple and arise from purplish stems.[图片]How to Grow Patchouli Plants Patchouli likes a warm, damp climate in fertile, well-draining soil in an area of full to partial sun exposure. This herb is conducive to container growth, or you can plant it directly into the garden. Patchouli herb plant thrives in a soil pH of between 5.5 and 6.2. Dig a hole matching the depth of the container in which the herb comes in. Place the plant in the hole and tamp the soil down around the herb to eliminate any air pockets. Give the herb 20 inches of room around it to grow into and water it in thoroughly. Thereafter, allow the topsoil to dry before watering. A good layer of mulch around the patchouli herb plant is recommended to retain moisture. Patchouli Plant Care Fertilize the herb each spring with an NPK plant food with a ratio of 10-10-10 and thereafter once each month until the fall. Prune any leaves that are dying, diseased or otherwise damaged. Patchouli is susceptible to infection with leaf blight. Prior to pruning the plant, dip the shears in a mix of 70 percent denatured alcohol and 30 percent water to retard the spread of the disease. Caterpillars love patchouli plants as well, so be vigilant about their discovery and removal. Winter watering should be reduced to allow the plant to go into dormancy. If you grow patchouli plant in containers, they can be moved indoors for protection, especially in areas with harsh winters. First acclimate the plant by setting it in a shady area for a few days prior to bringing it inside; this will keep it from becoming shocked by the sudden temperature shift. Place the container in a south facing window where it can then receive at least six hours of sunlight.[图片]Uses for Patchouli Plant As previously mentioned, patchouli has been used as a treatment for many medicinal maladies. Both the leaves and roots are used depending upon the treatment. The heady essential oils are used not only for scenting the body and garments, but have been used as an antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, antiemetic, antiseptic, antimicrobial, an astringent, decongestant, deodorant, diuretic, fungicide, sedative and prophylactic. This pungent oil is said to cure or aid in acne, athlete’s foot, cracked or chapped skin, dandruff, dermatitis, eczema, fungal infections, hair care, impetigo, insect repellent, oily scalp treatment, and to cure open sores and wounds and even to eliminate wrinkles! Harvest patchouli on dry mornings when the essential oils have peaked to get the most benefit from the plant.

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2017年08月24日

Oregano (Origanum vulgare) is a heat-loving, pungent herb that is found in Mediterranean and Mexican cooking. Growing oregano indoors is an excellent way to bring those flavors to your food. If you are a dedicated cook, a display of fresh growing herbs near to hand enhances your dishes and enlivens recipes. Planting oregano indoors can be done alone or in a trough with other like-minded herbs.[图片]Planting Oregano Indoors Indoor oregano plants need similar conditions to exterior raised plants. The ideal temperatures for growing oregano inside are between 65 -70 F. (18-21 C.) in the day and 55-60 F. (13-16 C.) degrees at night. The container should have excellent drainage. The oregano can be planted in equal parts potting soil, sand, peat moss and perlite. When you plant the oregano, make certain only the root ball is buried and the main stems are not immersed in soil or they may rot. Place your potted oregano in bright light. Oregano can be moved outdoors in summer if you wish, but remember to bring it back in before temperatures change drastically or you may shock and kill it. Oregano grown in containers will have a harder time surviving cold weather than oregano grown in the ground.[图片]How to Grow Oregano Indoors Oregano is an easy to care for plant that requires at least six to eight hours of sun. A bright southern exposure window is perfect or you can use a plant light. Place the herbs no closer than 5 or 6 inches but no less than 15 inches away from an artificial light source. Oregano needs to have the soil dry out a bit in between watering and benefits from frequent haircuts to keep the plant compact and producing leaves. Fertilize the oregano every two weeks with a diluted water soluble food every two weeks. Herbs are so easy to care for that only a few items need to be remembered when learning how to grow oregano indoors.[图片]Companion Herbs for Indoor Oregano Growing oregano inside as a part of an herb display allows the cook to have a variety of fresh herbs available. The types of herbs planted with oregano should require the same culture and exposure. Bay, marjoram, sage and thyme have similar water and sun requirements and can be added to containers when growing oregano indoors. Any herb that likes bright light, medium water and has a moderate growth rate would make a good companion plant for oregano growing indoors. Keep any of the herbs from flowering, which reduces the life of the plant.

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2017年08月24日

Dried herbs store beautifully and allow the home cook access to many flavors and aromas. Oregano is a Mediterranean herb with a pungent scent and flavor punch. It is an easy to grow herb, which is used fresh or dried. Dry oregano carries an intensified version of its fresh palate pleasing powers. Harvesting oregano and drying it provides easy access and long-term storage of the herb. Learn how to pick and dry oregano to round out your seasoning cabinet or share with friends.[图片]How to Harvest Oregano Oregano is a hardy perennial herb that may die back in extremely cold winters. Preserving the tasty leaves is simple. Wait until morning after the dew has dried when harvesting oregano. The essential oils in herbs are highest in concentration in warm mornings. The best flavor is achieved when the herb is harvested just as flower buds form. Use scissors or garden shears to remove stems from the plant. Cut back to just above a growth node or set of leaves. This will allow the plant to branch from the cut area and produce more flavorful leaves. Rinse the stems lightly if there is dust or mulch on them. Shake off the excess moisture before drying oregano.[图片]Tips on Drying Oregano There are several methods used to harvest oregano and dry it for preservation. You may pull off the tiny leaves and dry them separately or dry the entire stem and then crumble off the crisp leaves. Bundle the stems together and hang them to dry oregano in a dark, dry spot. Place a perforated paper bag around the herbs to catch the bits of leaves as they fall and to keep dirt and dust off. You may also dry the stems on food dehydrator trays in single layer or for a low-tech solution, place them on trays for several days in a warm room. Turn the stems several times during the drying process to expose the leaves evenly to air and heat. Once the leaves are dry and the stems are stiff, you can remove the leaves for storage. The best way to do this is to pinch the stem at the bottom and pull up. The leaves will fall off easily. The stems are woody and slightly bitter but you can add them to a fire for amazing herbaceous scent. You can also use the dried stems in a smoker to add flavor to meat as it cooks. Go through the leaves for bits of chaff and stem before placing them in a container.[图片]Storing Dry Oregano After drying oregano and harvesting the leaves, you need to store them in a dark, dry location to preserve the most flavor. Use glass bottles or airtight plastic containers. Light and air will degrade the flavor of the herb. Dry oregano will last for up to six months with best flavor and quality.

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2017年08月24日

With dozens of uses in the kitchen, oregano is an essential plant for culinary herb gardens. This Mediterranean herb is easy to grow in the right location. Plant it in full sun in an area with good air circulation and well-drained soil to keep oregano problems to a minimum.[图片]Oregano Disease Problems Diseases affecting oregano plants are primarily caused by fungi. Fungi thrive in moist conditions where the air doesn’t circulate well enough to keep the foliage dry. Pruning plants will open them up for better air circulation, and spacing them according to the plant tag solves some oregano problems. If your soil doesn’t drain well, grow oregano in a raised bed or in containers. The fungi that cause oregano disease problems often result in rotting leaves or roots. If older leaves in the center of the plant begin to rot, the plant is probably infected with botrytis rot. There is no cure for this; therefore, you should remove and destroy the plant to prevent spreading of the disease. Gradual wilting may be a sign of rhizoctonia root rot. Examine the base of the stems and the roots for brownish or black discoloration. If you see these symptoms, destroy the plant and don’t grow oregano in the same location for at least three years. Rust is another fungal disease that sometimes causes oregano problems. Rust causes circular spots on the foliage, and if caught early enough, you may be able to save the plant by pruning off the affected parts. Destroy diseased plants by burning them or bagging and discarding them. Never compost plants with fungal diseases.[图片]Oregano Pests While oregano pests are few, they should still be mentioned as inclusion for common oregano problems. Aphids and spider mites sometimes infest oregano plants. You can control mild infestations with a strong spray of water from a hose every other day until the insects are gone. Once knocked off the plant, these insects are unable to return. For stubborn infestations, use insecticidal soap or neem oil spray. These insecticides must come into direct contact to kill the insect, so spray the plant thoroughly, paying particular attention to the undersides of leaves.[图片]Leaf miners are the larvae of black flies. These tiny, wormlike larvae feed inside oregano leaves, leaving meandering tan or brown trails. Insecticides can’t reach leaf miner larvae inside the leaves, so the only treatment is to pick off and destroy affected leaves before the larvae mature. Don’t let the few diseases affecting oregano plants or oregano pests put you off in growing this herb. With proper care, these oregano problems can be prevented and you’ll be rewarded with a flavorful harvest.

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