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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年09月01日
Dummer. ゛☀
You’ve seen mimosa trees, common and familiar landscape trees especially in the South. They have a tropical look, with slender leaves that make you think of ferns, and frothy pink blossoms in early summer. If your garden could use a touch of the tropics or a little Asian flair, consider growing chocolate mimosa (Albizia julibrissin ‘Summer Chocolate’). So what is a chocolate mimosa? This mimosa variety has an umbrella-shaped canopy with leaves that change from green to dark red, and by late summer they are reddish-bronze or chocolaty brown.[图片]Growing Chocolate Mimosa Not only is the deep chocolate hue of the foliage unusual and elegant, but it also makes care of chocolate mimosa trees easier. The darker foliage makes the tree both accepting of heat and drought tolerant, according to chocolate mimosa information. Deer dislike the odor of the leaves, so you don’t have to worry about these animals munching up your tree. You’ll appreciate the unusual leaf color but you’ll also love the 1-to-2 inch showy flowers, which is the showiest feature of chocolate mimosas that bloom in late summer. The sweet fragrance is lovely, and the flowers attract bees, butterflies and hummingbirds. In time, the pink powder puff flowers develop into long seed pods that look like beans and will decorate the tree all winter.[图片]These lovely trees are perfect for your garden, but you may think twice before planting chocolate mimosa trees since their other mimosa counterparts have escaped cultivation in many areas, to the point of becoming invasive. Mimosas spread from seeds and form dense stands that shade and out compete valuable native plants. They can do so much damage to wild areas that the Plant Conservation Alliance has added them to their “Least Wanted” list. That being said, research suggests that growing a chocolate mimosa doesn’t carry the same risks as growing the species tree does. That’s because the ‘Summer Chocolate’ isn’t invasive. It produces far fewer seeds. Nonetheless, you should still contact your cooperative extension agent to find out more about the status of summer chocolate mimosa in your area, just to be safe.[图片]Care of Chocolate Mimosa The care of chocolate mimosa is easy. The plants are rated for USDA plant hardiness zones 7 through 10. You’ll be amazed at how quickly these trees grow. A chocolate mimosa tree in landscapes should get to 20 feet tall and 20 feet wide. This is about half the size of the green species tree, though. Give the tree a location with full sun and moist but well-drained soil. A chocolate mimosa tree in landscapes also tolerates alkaline soil and salty soil. The trees need water until their roots are established, but then become extremely drought tolerant. Apply the water slowly, allowing the moisture to sink deep into the soil to encourage a deep root system. Once established, the tree only needs occasional watering in the absence of rain.[图片]Fertilize annually in spring with a complete and balanced fertilizer. Chocolate mimosa trees almost never need pruning. You can, however, make removal of the seed pods a part of your chocolate mimosa tree care routine, if desired. The seed pods are about 6 inches long and straw-colored, resembling beans, and each pod contains several bean-like seeds. These mature in late summer or early fall.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年09月01日
Dummer. ゛☀
Don’t let the fluffy flowers and lacy foliage fool you. Mimosa trees may not be the perfect ornamental for your garden. If you read up on mimosa tree facts before you plant, you will learn that mimosa is a short-lived tree with weak wood. Moreover, these trees are invasive; they readily escape cultivation and establish in clumps of mimosa tree weeds in disturbed roadside areas, shading out native species. Read on for information on mimosa tree management and control of mimosa trees.[图片]Mimosa Tree Facts Nobody can deny that the pink pompom flowers of the mimosa tree are attractive. They appear in late spring and early summer on the tips of the small tree’s spreading branches. The tree rarely grows above 40 feet, and its branches grow horizontally on the upper section of the trunk. As it matures, it looks a little like a yard parasol. The mimosa was imported as an ornamental from Asia and attracts gardeners with its fragrant and pretty blossoms. However, mimosa tree management proved more difficult than expected.[图片]The trees produce thousands of seeds annually in dangling seed pods. Since the seeds require scarification, they can stay in the soil for many years and remain viable. They are spread by birds and other wildlife into nature where they colonize any disturbed areas. Seedlings are often weak and weedy, sometimes termed mimosa tree weeds. Mimosa also propagates vegetatively. The tree produces sprouts around it that can grow into unsightly clumps, difficult to eradicate. Indeed, control of mimosa tree is very difficult once it colonizes property.[图片]It is difficult to get rid of a mimosa tree once it has spread, since the seedlings adapt to most soils. Moreover, the plants are not affected at all by hot or dry weather and don’t mind root disturbance. Once you remove native vegetation, the mimosa seeds will leap in to colonize the area. The one thing force of nature effective to get rid of mimosa tree seedlings is cold. One good frost takes them out and that is why one rarely sees mimosa tree weeds or trees crowding along the roadsides in the North.[图片]How to Get Rid of Mimosa Trees The best way to control mimosa trees is by not planting one in your yard or, if you’ve already planted one, removing it before it seeds. Absent that, you can try to remove it using a variety of mechanical controls. Cutting the trees off at ground level certainly acts to get rid of mimosa trees, but the trunks will respout. Repeated cutting of spouts or use of an herbicide is required to stop the sprouts. Girdling is also an effective way to get rid of mimosa trees. Cut off a strip of bark all around the tree about six inches above the soil. Make the cut deep. This will kill the top of the tree, but the same resprout problem remains.[图片]You can also take control of mimosa trees by spraying the leaves with a solution of 2% glyphosate or triclopyr plus a 0.25% non-ionic surfactant. Both of these products are systemic herbicides that travel through a plant all the way to the roots. Use triclopyr if you mean to conserve other plants in the area.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年09月01日
Dummer. ゛☀
Sometimes a certain plant just doesn’t grow right where it’s locate and needs to be moved. Other times, a plant may quickly outgrow a landscape. Either way, moving a plant from one site to another can cause stress, or even death, if not done properly. Fast growing mimosa trees can quickly outgrow an area. While the average 25-foot height of one mimosa tree doesn’t sound that hard to fit in to the landscape, mimosa trees seed profusely, and one mimosa tree can quickly turn in to a stand of mimosa trees. Continue reading to learn about properly moving mimosa trees and when to transplant a mimosa tree.[图片]Mimosa Tree Transplanting Many times, mimosa trees are planted as specimen plants in landscape beds near a home or patio. Their sweet smelling flowers bloom in midsummer and then form into long seed pods that disperse seeds everywhere. As we get busy with other things in the garden in late summer and fall, it’s easy to overlook the seeding habits of mimosa until the following year when seedlings pop up all over. With its adaptation to almost any soil type, tolerance of full sun to part shade and quick growth rate, your one specimen mimosa can quickly turn into a thicket of mimosa. While this may be fine for a windbreak or privacy screen, a dense stand of mimosa can take over a small landscape bed. In time, you may find yourself needing to move mimosa trees to a location where they can be allowed to grow and seed densely.[图片]When to Transplant a Mimosa Tree Timing is important when transplanting a mimosa tree. Like any tree, mimosa trees are easier to transplant the younger they are. A small sapling will have a much greater survival rate if moved than an older more established tree. Sometimes, it is necessary to move a bigger tree, though. Either way, safely transplanting a mimosa tree will take a little prep work. Established trees should be transplanted in late fall to early winter after all leaves have fallen off and gone dormant. Small saplings can be dug up in spring and potted to give away to friends or family, or until a proper site is selected.[图片]How to Transplant Mimosa Trees First, select the new site for the mimosa. This area should have well-draining soil and be full sun to part shade. Pre-dig the hole in which the mimosa will be going. The hole should be twice as wide as the root ball you will be placing in it, but no deeper than the tree is presently growing. Planting any tree too deeply can cause root girdling and improper root development. Oftentimes, arborists will recommend digging a hole slightly deeper than the plants root ball, but then creating a small mound of soil in the center for the root ball to sit upon so that the tree itself is not planted any deeper than it should be, but the horizontal roots are encouraged to spread out and down into the deeper area of the hole.[图片]Once your site and planting hole are prepared, place a wheelbarrow filled halfway with water and a transplanting fertilizer, like Root & Grow, next to the mimosa tree you are digging up. Depending on the size of the tree you are moving, with a clean, sharp spade, start digging about a foot to two out from the base of the tree. An older, larger tree will have a larger root system and will need more of these roots intact to survive the move. A clean, sharp spade will help easy cut through these roots while not damaging them too badly and reduce transplant shock. Established mimosa trees can have long, thick taproots, so it may be necessary to dig down around the tree up to 2 feet to get a good portion of this taproot.[图片]After digging up the mimosa tree, place it in the so you can easily move the tree to its new location in the landscape. Place the mimosa tree in the prepared, new hole. Be sure that it will not be planted any deeper than it previously was going. Add soil under the root ball, if necessary, to raise it. Fill the area around the roots with soil, gently tamping it down to prevent air pockets. Once the hole is refilled with soil, dump any leftover water and rooting hormone in the wheelbarrow onto the root zone.[图片]It will be necessary to water your newly transplanted mimosa tree daily for the first week. Do not use any fertilizer until spring. After the first week, you can water the tree twice a week for the next two weeks. Then drop down to a good, deep watering once per week. When watering any newly planted tree, you should give it about a twenty minute, slow trickle of water for deep watering. Once a mimosa tree is established, they can tolerate drought and will require very little watering.
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Colour_
2017年09月01日
Colour_
荷包花,原名:蒲包花,拉丁文名:Calceolaria crenatiflora.玄参科、蒲包花属多年生草本植物,在园林上多作一年生栽培花卉,全株 茎、枝、叶上有细小茸毛,叶片卵形对生。花形别致,花冠二唇状,上唇瓣直立较小,下唇瓣膨大似蒲包状,中间形成空室,柱头着生在两个囊状物之间。花色变化丰富,单色品种有黄、白、红等 深浅不同的花色,复色则在各底色上着生橙、粉、褐红等斑点。 原是拉丁文"细小的花鞋"的意思。当它最初出生于南美洲安第斯山区时,当地的老乡们对它并不好感,认为它是一个不愿与人沟通的"鼓气袋",除了孩子们从野外摘来玩耍外,多数成年人对它均不屑一顾。谁料后来有人把它形容为"荷包"之后,当地土人的观念就彻底更新了。的确,自从荷包花问世以来,在国际花卉市场上它一直无往而不胜,很快传播到世界各国,成为家庭室内盆花的新秀。 [图片][图片]荷包花的栽培技术 种植方法 繁殖技术 一般以播种繁殖为主,少量进行扦插,播种多于8月底9月初进行,此时 气候渐凉。培养土以6份腐叶土加4份河沙配制而成,于"浅盆"或"苗浅"内直接撒播,不覆土,用"盆底浸水法"给水,播后盖上玻璃或塑料布封口,维持13~15℃,一周后出苗,出苗后及时 除去玻璃、塑料布,以利通风,防止摔倒病发生。逐渐见光,使幼苗生长茁壮,室温维持20℃以 下。当幼苗长出2片真叶时进行分盆。 播种出苗后20天、苗高2.5厘米时带土移苗一次。移苗后30天,苗高5厘米时定植在10~15厘米盆。室温以10~12℃为好。如促成栽培,每天补充光照6~8小时,可提早开花。生长期注意通风和遮荫,防止虫害发生和灼伤叶片。每半月施肥1次。氮肥不能过量,否则易引起茎叶徒长和严重皱缩。当抽出花枝时,增施1~2次磷钾肥。同时,对叶腋间的侧芽应及时摘除,否则侧生花枝过多,还造成株形不正,缺乏商品价值。在规模生产时,当主芽开始由基生叶转向高生长时,可用0.2%~0.3%CCC,喷洒叶面1~2次,来控制植株徒长,压低株形。 盛花期,严格控制浇水。室温维持在8~10℃,并进行人工授粉,可提高结实率。结实期气温渐高,采取通风、遮荫等降温措施,使果实充分成熟,否则高温多湿,未等果实成熟,植株已枯萎死亡。盆栽蒲包花对水分比较敏感,盆土必须保持湿润,特别茎叶生长期若盆土稍干,叶片很快萎蔫。但盆土过湿再遇室温过低,根系容易腐烂。浇水切忌洒在叶片上,否则极易造成烂叶。抽出花枝后,盆士可稍干燥,但不能脱水,有助于防止茎叶徒长。 蒲包花属长日照花卉,对光照的反应比较敏感。幼苗期需明亮光照,叶片发育健壮,抗病性强,但强光时适当遮荫保护。如需提前开花,以14小时的日照可促进形成花芽,缩短生长期,提早开花。土壤以肥沃、疏松和排水良好的砂质壤土为好。常用培养土、腐叶土和细沙组成的混合基质,pH在6.0~6.5。 育苗法 蒲包花性喜凉爽、湿润、通风良好的环境,畏寒惧热,适宜生长温度为7℃-15℃,忌湿,喜排水良好,富含腐殖质的土壤。蒲包花繁殖以播种为主,北方多以7月-8月播种为宜。但是,这个时期恰遇高温天气,给育苗带来很大困难,经过实践,笔者总结出如下方法: 一、备土消毒 将充分腐熟的锯末或其它富含腐殖质的轻壤土与细砂按4∶1的比例混合,过细筛后装入较浅的播种箱。箱底铺2厘米厚的粗砂或炭渣,中间是筛出的粗渣,约2 厘米厚,上层铺2至3厘米细土。整平后用50%的辛硫磷乳油800倍与50%的多菌灵可湿性粉剂1000倍混合,浇透培养土,进行土壤消毒。也可将培养土、粗砂或炭渣分别翻炒消毒。 二、播种方法 用药消毒3至5小时后,用清水冲去播种箱中残留的药剂,同时可浇入0.1%磷酸二氢钾溶液。播种以撒播法为宜,因为种子很小,播时不宜过密,否则出苗生长细弱,用少量的细土或细沙拌种后均匀撒入播种箱中,覆土不能过厚,甚至可以不覆土。播后在播种箱上盖玻璃,或者覆以薄膜,保持湿度,然后将箱子放于通风良好的阴棚中。 三、出苗前后的管理 温度保持在20℃左右,7至10天可以出苗。这期间若土壤变干,需用浸箱法浇水。出苗后需及时去掉覆盖物,最好将温度控制在15℃左右。幼苗易腐烂,因此降温保苗是夏季育苗的关键。 采取顶部喷水、底部灌水的方法增湿降温,取得了良好的效果。具体方法是在遮阴网下距网0.5米左右拉上透光性好的塑料薄膜,以防止降雨喷水时水溅到播种箱里。在遮阴网上装上自动喷雾装置(自动喷头与自来水管连接),于晴天11时-15时喷水降温,形如"水帘洞"。同时在阴棚地面上建成大约高20厘米的水池(为节水可在底部铺上较厚的塑料膜)。池中放入砖块将播种箱架高,平时灌水保持水面低于砖块。利用水的蒸发带走热量,达到降温增湿的目的。 在幼苗期,尤其要加强管理。出苗过密时,及时间苗,以利于通风。小苗长至2至3片真叶时,及时分栽,防止猝倒病发生。幼苗期间还要注意病虫害防治,发生猝倒病时,可喷洒50%的代森锌800倍液,并及时拔除病株,保持土壤稍干。夏季幼苗往往受野蛞蝓危害,注意捕杀,也可以用蜗牛敌防治。每7至10天浇一次稀薄液肥,化肥浓度不超过0.5%,越冬温度不低于8℃。 技术要点 蒲包花为玄参科蒲包花属草本植物,花色有黄、紫、红、乳白、橙红、深褐等,花上缀有彩色斑点和斑纹,十分可爱,常作室内装饰摆设用。12月至翌年2月开花,温室栽培花期3至4月。 蒲包花原产墨西哥、智利一带,性喜冷凉湿润,在室内冬季3℃至 6℃就能生长。生长期需保持较高的空气湿度,注意通风,光照充足对植株开花有利。 通风和遮阴 蒲包花性喜冷凉,生长适温在10℃左右。如生长期茎叶发育繁茂,而盆土湿度过大加上闷热,会使植株茎部烂叶。为降低温度,中午常采取遮阴措施,创造通风凉爽的环境。特别是春季开花后到5至6月种子成熟时,更要做好通风工作,并于中午遮阴,利于种子发育成熟。 浇水和施肥 蒲包花喜温暖湿润环境,但忌盆土过湿及开花时浇水过多,一般在盆土干时才浇水,如果在温室内,经常喷水增加空气湿度则更好。浇水不能直接冲植株,如水积聚在叶片及芽上,易引起腐烂。花前生长季节每10天施腐熟饼肥水一次(稀释10倍),初花期增施以磷为主的肥料,施肥不可让肥水污染叶片,以免烂心烂叶。 繁殖:蒲包花一般用播种法繁殖,缺少种子时,也可用分株法。播种应在高温过后天气转凉时,即8至9月进行,因为高温期幼苗容易发生猝倒病和腐烂病。用腐叶土或泥炭土掺一半沙子,过筛并消毒后装入浅盆,用浸盆法灌足水,即可播种。蒲包花的种子颗粒细小,呈较粗的粉粒状。播种时最好先用厚纸折成一个三角形的小漏斗,将种子放在其中然后右手执小漏斗的下部,使种子均匀地落在播种盆内。不要过密,否则出苗后幼苗生长细弱。盖土只需用细孔筛将细土薄薄地覆上一层即可(如不覆土也无妨)。播后需在盆上盖玻璃,以保持湿度。出苗前置于阴凉处,温度保持在20℃左右,7至10天左右可出苗。出苗后取下玻璃片,间苗,并使其逐渐接受阳光,温度降低到15℃左右。 当小苗出现2片真叶时可以移植,待其长出4至6片真叶即可单株上盆。培养土将腐叶土2份、厩肥1份、沙1份、园土6份混合使用,pH值为6.5。11至12月可上大盆定植。 养护管理 蒲包花,属多年生草本植物,多作一年生盆栽花卉。花形奇特艳丽,有二唇花冠,下唇膨胀成兜状向下弯曲,上唇向前伸,花朵盛开时犹如无数个小荷包悬挂梢头,颜色有红、黄、紫、橙和乳白及各种斑纹,十分别致。其植株高20-30厘米,花期正值春节前后。 该花的繁殖多采用播种法,通常8月下旬播种,7-10天出苗。幼苗长出2-3片真叶时移植,4-5片真叶单株定植。它喜冷凉、湿润、温暖的气候环境,宜于富含腐殖质的疏松土壤中生长,高温和严寒的气候均不适宜。在不加温的室内,温度达6℃以上就能生长。在生长期间,须保持一定的空气湿度,并注意通风。冬季要求光照充足,10-15℃对植株生长开花均有利。如果在生长季节温度过高,会造成茎叶过茂,加上盆土湿度加大及闷热,容易使植株茎部产生腐烂。为降低温度,初秋和晚春应采取遮阳措施,为盆栽创造通风凉爽环境,尤其是春季开花后和10月份种子成熟时期,更要保持通风并遮去中午强烈光照,以利种子发育成熟。 生长过程中,忌盆土过湿,一般干时才浇水。初秋温度高时更要控制浇水,高温多湿会造成烂根及叶片霉烂。如能在室内经常喷雾,增加空气湿度则生长良好。浇水时,注意不要让水直冲植株,如果水经常聚积叶面及芽上,易引起腐烂。生长季每隔10天施一次腐熟液肥,初花期应施以磷为主的肥料,施肥时,不可让肥水玷污叶片。管理得当,从幼苗到开花仅需150-160天。 蒲包花自然授粉率低,需要人工授粉,即在花开后用毛笔蘸取花粉,在柱头上涂抹,反复2-3次,即能受孕结实。种子成熟后,将花枝剪下装入布袋内晾晒,干后放通风干燥处保存。 病虫害防治 栽培养护:盆栽花土以腐叶土或混合培养土为好,从播种苗第一次上盆到定植,通常要倒三次盆,定植盆径为13~17cm。生长期内每周追施一次稀释肥,要保持较高的空气湿度,但盆土中水分不宜过大,空气过于干燥时宜多喷水,少浇水,浇水掌握间干间湿的原则,防止水大烂根。浇水浇肥勿使肥水沾在叶面上,造成叶片腐烂。冬季室内温度维持在5~10℃,光线太强要 注意遮荫。蒲包花为长日照植物,因此在温室内利用人工光照延长每天的日照时间,可以提前开花。蒲包花12月到次年5月开花。蒲包花自然授粉能力差,须人工授粉,授粉后去除花冠, 避免花冠霉烂,并可提高结实率,5~6月种子逐渐成熟,在萌果未开裂前种子已变褐色时,及时收取。 蒲包花易发生病虫害,种植中应采取措施,幼苗期易发生碎倒病,应进行土壤消毒,拨出病株,或使盆土稍干,空气过于干燥,温度过高,易发生红蜘蛛、蚜虫等,可喷药,增加空气湿度或 降低气温。
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2017年09月01日
Colour_
金凤花(学名:Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw.):大灌木或小乔木;高达3米,枝绿或粉绿色,有疏刺。二回羽状复叶4对至8对,对生,小叶7对至11对,长椭圆形或倒卵形,基部歪斜,顶端凹缺,小叶柄很短。总状花序顶生或腋生,花瓣圆形具柄, 橙或黄色,花梗长达7厘米。荚果黑色。种子6颗至9颗。花果期几乎全年。 原产地西印度群岛,中国云南、广西、广东和台湾均有栽培。为热带地区有价值的观赏树木之一。 [图片][图片]金凤花的繁殖方式 金凤花是用种子繁殖,从6月中旬至12月中旬,荚果陆续成熟,以9-10月份为成熟盛期,采集盛期成熟的果荚,置日光下暴晒,开裂后脱出种子,可以随采随播种,幼苗防寒越冬,也可将种子储藏翌年春播,种子千粒重约132克,发芽时气温需在20℃以上,以春季3月中下旬播种较宜,播前用60℃温水浸种,冷却后继续浸泡12小时,发芽快速,一般播种后三天即开始发芽,一周内发芽结束,发芽率约为60%。 用条播法,幼苗生长速度中等,苗期施氮肥2-3次追苗,10月份以后,停施氮肥,施钾肥一致,促使早期木质化,冬季注意覆盖防霜,1年生苗可出圃定植,2年生幼树,即可开花供观赏。如发生叶斑病,可用50%多菌灵可湿性粉500倍液防治。 金凤花的栽培技术 对肥力的要求不甚高,一般肥力中等、磷钾肥较高的土壤,开花繁茂,色泽亦鲜艳,水分充足,氮肥较高的土壤枝叶繁茂,开花亦较多,但色泽欠鲜艳,种植时宜施腐熟饼肥或垃圾作基肥,花前及开花盛期,追施磷钾肥,树形不甚美观,但具萌芽性,管理中可用截干或修枝整形,促使树冠丰满,也可3-5株种植于一处,以提高观赏效果。 病虫防治 白粉病 症状此病主要发生在叶片和嫩梢上。一般在6月开始发生,7月份以后叶面布满白色粉层。随后,在白粉层中形成黄色小粒点,颜色逐渐变深,最后呈黑褐色。传染途径病菌在病株残体和种子内越冬。翌年,当环境适宜时,病菌借风雨传播。8-9月为发病盛期。 防治方法: 栽植不过密,适当通风,加强肥水管理,增强植株的抗病力。将病叶、病株清除,集中销毁,减少传染源。 发病期间用15%粉锈宁可湿性粉剂1000-1200倍液,或70%甲基托布津可湿性粉剂1000倍液防治。在32℃以上的高温下避免喷药,以免发生药害。 褐斑病 金凤花褐斑病又称风仙花叶斑病,在中国南北各地均有发生。症状病害主要发生在叶片上。叶面病斑初为浅黄褐色小点,后扩展成圆形或椭圆形,以后中央变成淡褐色,边缘褐色,具有不明显的轮纹。严重患病的叶片上,病斑连片,导致叶片变得枯黄,直至植株死亡。传染途径病菌在风仙花病残体及土壤植物碎片上越冬。翌年当环境条件适宜时,病菌借风雨飞散传播。高温多雨的季节,易发病。 防治方法: 金凤花喜肥沃的砂质壤土,不耐涝。因此,种植以砂质壤土为宜,以利排水;盆栽金凤花,雨后应及时倒盆。秋末应将病叶、病株集中销毁,减少来年传染源。 发病初期用25%多菌灵可湿性粉剂300-600倍液,或50%甲基托布津100倍液,或75%百菌清1000倍液防治。 立枯病 症状病菌主要侵染根茎部,致病部变黑或缢缩,潮湿时其上生白色霉状物,植株染病后,数天内即见叶萎蔫、干枯,继而造成整株死亡。 传播途径:主要以菌丝或菌核的形式在土壤或病残体内越冬,土壤中的菌丝营腐生生活,不休眠。在田间,主要靠接触传染,即植株的根、茎、叶接触病土时,便会被土中的菌丝侵染,在有水膜的条件下,与病部接触的健叶即染病。此外,种子、农具及带菌堆肥等都可使病害传播蔓延。 防治方法:在发病初期拔除病株后喷洒75%百菌清可湿性粉剂600倍液,或60%多·福可湿性粉剂500倍液、20%甲基立枯磷乳油1200倍液。
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2017年09月01日
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水金凤(学名:Impatiens noli-tangere Linn.):是凤仙花科,凤仙花属一年生草本植物,高可达70厘米。茎肉质,直立,叶互生;叶片卵形或卵状椭圆形,边缘有粗圆齿状齿,上面深绿色,下面灰绿色;叶柄纤细,总状花序;苞片草质,披针形,花黄色;侧生萼片卵形或宽卵形,旗瓣圆形或近圆形,翼瓣无柄,唇瓣宽漏斗状,花丝线形,花药卵球形,顶端尖;子房纺锤形,蒴果线状圆柱形,种子多数,7-9月开花。 分布中国黑龙江、吉林、辽宁等地,常生于山坡林下、林缘草地或沟边,该种极易成活,易于栽培。该花花形奇特,花如其名。古代已有关注其观赏价值。 生长环境 生于海拔265-3500米的山坡林下、林缘草地或沟边。 生境: 滴水石壁上, 沟边草丛, 林缘湿地, 路边草丛中, 山谷林下, 山谷溪边, 山坡灌丛, 山坡林中, 湿润山谷溪边, 水边湿地草丛 , 溪边, 阴湿崖下 。 [图片][图片]水金凤的栽培技术 凤仙花的播种一般在3月至4月进行,如果是在"国庆节"观花,则在6月至7月播种。 准备好播种用土,将种子撒在土壤表面,覆盖一层薄土后,再喷水保湿,然后放在无直射阳光处,注意浇水,勿使土壤干燥,浇水时不要将种子冲出来。 约过7天至10天,种子陆续发芽出苗,应避免烈日暴晒,经常浇水,以保持土壤湿润。当凤仙花小过于拥挤时进行间苗,使其茁壮生长。 当小苗长出3片至4片真叶时分苗定植,分苗时应带宿土,栽后放在阴凉处进行缓苗。缓苗后放在良好、光照充足处养护,保持土壤湿润而不积水,每10天施一次腐熟的薄肥。 如此经过50天至60天,凤仙花就会绽放出娇美的花朵。
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2017年09月01日
权问薇
[图片]水分过多 第一种原因很有可能是因为水分太多,使土壤长期处于湿润的状态,这样就造成了土壤中的氧含量较低,导致根部无法正常吸收氧气和养分,之后富贵树就会发生叶片掉落。这时的解决办法是要减少浇水量,经常对土壤进行处理,以保证土壤的保持透气透水的状态。 [图片]水分不足 第二个原因可能是水分不足,种植富贵树时,如果浇水不够充足,就会出现土壤一半湿润一半干燥的现象,这样会使根部吸收不充分,营养物质比较缺少,从而引起叶片掉落。这时需要及时的进行浇水,并且对周围进行喷洒水雾,由少到多的逐渐进行浇水,使它恢复正常状态。 [图片]营养不足或过量 第三个原因是肥料问题,如果长时间没有对其进行施肥或者换土,土壤中的营养元素就会缺少,导致叶片发育不良。我们要经常对富贵树进行换盆操作,保证土壤的新鲜肥沃,也可以按期进行有机肥的追施。施肥时,也不能导致过量,施肥太多也容易使植株的叶片出现脱落的现象。 [图片]高温 最后一个是高温的影响,到了夏季时候,气温较高,如光将其置于室外,很容易使富贵树晒伤,叶片就会慢慢的变黄,之后就会掉落,影响美观,但如果放到没有光照的地方生长,同样会因为吸收不到阳光导致叶子萎靡,生长的无力,所以要控制好光照,放到透风的位置下生长。
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