动态第928页 - 绿手指 - 养花技巧、花生病了怎么办、花园打理和设计

2017年08月22日

While basil is a commonly grown herb outdoors, this easy-care plant can also be grown indoors. In fact, you can grow basil inside much the same as you would in the garden. This wonderfully fragrant herb can be grown for use in the kitchen, making aromatic oils, or simply for aesthetic purposes. Let’s look at how to grow basil indoors.[图片]Basil Growing Indoors Growing basil indoors is easy. Container grown basil should be planted in well-drained, nutrient-rich soil. Using the proper soil type is important in order to successfully grow basil inside. As basil is not tolerant of water stress, make sure pots provide adequate drainage. While the soil should be kept somewhat moist, it should never be soggy; otherwise, the roots will be prone to rotting. Basil growing indoors will require fertilizing. Depending on the variety grown and its overall purpose, a general houseplant fertilizer can be used. As with many houseplant fertilizers, this should be used at half the recommended strength. However, basil used solely for flavoring foods requires the use of an organic fertilizer. Organic fertilizer also helps to maintain pH levels when growing basil indoors. Healthy pH levels are another important aspect of quality soil. You should check the pH levels of soil about once a month or every four to six weeks for optimal growth. Sufficient pH levels are usually between 6.0 and 7.5.[图片]Best Lighting to Grow Basil Inside Additionally, when growing basil indoors, lighting is important. Basil growing indoors requires at least six hours of sunlight. Basil plants should be placed in a sunny window, preferably facing south. Otherwise, these potted plants may need to be grown under fluorescent lights. With this type of lighting, basil plants will need about 10 hours of light for healthy growth. However, basil grown indoors can also be given both sun and artificial lighting by alternating so many hours in each.[图片]While growing basil indoors is an easy endeavor, the vigorous growth of plants may require frequent repotting. If you follow these few easy tips on how to grow basil indoors, you will be rewarded with this delicious herb year round.

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2017年08月22日

One of the tastiest and easiest herbs to grow is Ocimum basilicum, or sweet basil. Basil plant seeds are a member of the Lamiaceae (mint) family. It is mostly grown for its leaves, which are used dried or fresh in many different Asian or Western dishes. Basil plant seeds are also used in some Thai foods.[图片]How to Plant Basil Seeds It is easy to learn how to plant basil seeds. Basil should be grown in a place that gets sunshine at least six to eight hours per day. The soil should be well-drained with a pH of 6-7.5. You might wonder, “When do I plant basil seeds?” Basically, the best time to plant basil seeds is when all danger of frost has passed in the spring. Every area has a different climate, so when to plant basil seeds can differ from state to state. Growing basil seeds is not that difficult. Just sow basil plant seeds evenly by covering them with about ¼-inch of soil. Keep the soil moist and make sure you remove any weeds. The growing basil seeds should germinate within a week. The seedling can be recognized by D-shaped seed leaves that will have the flat sides facing toward each other. Once you see a few more pairs of leaves, you should thin the basil plants to be about 6 to 12 inches apart.[图片]Growing Basil Seeds Inside If you have wondered how to be successful planting basil seeds inside, it can be done about six to eight weeks before you would normally plant them outside so you can get a good head start on the basil plant growing season. You might want to do this if you are growing basil seeds like “Purple Ruffles,” which is a slow-growing variety. You will want to make sure you water your basil every seven to 10 days to make sure your plants get enough water. This depends, of course, on the amount of rainfall in your area. Remember that, when growing basil seeds, container plants will dry out quicker than those you plant in the garden, so remember to water them as well.[图片]Once your basil plant seeds are fully grown, it is nice to pick the leaves and let them dry so you can use them in sauces and soups. Basil is wonderful with tomatoes, so if you have a vegetable garden, be sure to include planting basil seeds among the vegetables. Further, no herb garden is complete without basil, and it is one of the easier herbs to grow and keep healthy.

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2017年08月22日

There are plenty of herbs that you can plant in your herb garden, but the easiest herb to grow, tastiest and most popular has to be basil. There are a couple of ways for propagating basil plants and both of them are quite simple. Let’s look at how to propagate basil.[图片]Planting Basil Seeds When it comes to planting basil seeds, make sure you’re planting basil seeds in an area where they will get six to eight hours of sunshine daily. The soil should have a neutral pH so that they have the best chance of growing. Simply plant the seeds in a row and cover with about 1/4-inch of soil. Once the plants grow to a few inches in height, thin them out to 6 to 12 inches apart.[图片]Planting Basil Seeds Indoors You can plant your basil indoors as well. Be sure the pot is placed in an area where it will get daily sunshine and water your basil every seven to 10 days. How to Propagate Basil from Cuttings Basil propagation from cuttings is quite simple. In fact, propagating basil is one way to share your basil with your friends. All you need to do is take a 4-inch basil cutting right below a leaf node. Remove the leaves off the basil cutting about 2 inches from the end. Make sure the basil cutting is a piece that has not yet flowered. Your basil cutting can then be placed in a glass of water on the windowsill where it can get good sunlight. Use a clear glass so you can watch your basil propagation grow roots. Change the water every few days until you see root growth, then leave your basil propagation roots to grow to about 2 inches or so. This can take two to four weeks.[图片]Once the roots on your basil cutting are 2 inches or longer, you can plant the cutting in a pot indoors. Put the planter in a place where the plant will get direct sunlight. Basil propagation is a great way to share your basil. Now that you know how to propagate basil, you can take new plantings and give them as gifts to friends or offer them to new neighbors as housewarming gifts.

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2017年08月22日

Basil is one of the most popular herbs to grow, but that doesn’t mean there are no basil plant problems. There are a few basil diseases that can cause basil leaves to turn brown or yellow, have spots or even wilt and fall off. Keep reading to learn more about the diseases that can cause problems with growing basil.[图片]Common Basil Diseases Fusarium Wilt Fusarium wilt is among the most common basil diseases. This basil wilt disease most commonly affects sweet basil varieties, but other basil varieties are still somewhat vulnerable. Symptoms of fusarium wilt include: stunted growth wilted and yellowing leaves brown spots or streaks on the stem severely twisted stems leaf drop Fusarium wilt is caused by a fungus that can be carried by either the soil that affected basil plants have been growing in or by seeds from infected basil plants. There is no remedy for fusarium wilt. Destroy infected plants and don’t plant basil or other mint plants in that area for two to three years. Even if a basil or mint plant cannot be hurt by fusarium wilt, they can carry the disease and infect other plants.[图片]Bacterial Leaf Spot or Basil Shoot Blight This basil disease is caused by a bacteria called Pseudomonas cichorii. Symptoms of bacterial leaf spot are black or brown spots that appear on the leaves and streaking on the stems of the plant. Bacterial leaf spot occurs when infected soil is splashed onto the leaves of the basil plant. While there is no fix for bacterial leaf spot, you can minimize the damage by making sure that your basil plants have plenty of air circulation and that they are watered in a way so that the bacteria is not splashed onto the leaves.[图片]Downy Mildew Downy mildew is a relatively new basil disease that has only started to affect basil in the past few years. The symptoms of downy mildew include yellow leaves that have fuzzy, grey growth on the undersides of the leaves. Downy mildew is aggravated by overly wet conditions, so if it appears on your basil plants, make sure that you reduce overhead watering and that the basil plants have good drainage and good air circulation. Other Basil Plant Problems The basil diseases listed above are specific to basil plants, but there are a few other problems with growing basil that can happen. They include: Root rot Nitrogen deficiency Slugs Thrips Aphids

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2017年08月22日

All types of basil are members of the mint family and some basil varieties have been cultivated for more than 5,000 years. Almost all basil varieties are cultivated as culinary herbs. When talking about the different types of basil, most people are familiar with the sweet basil varieties used in Italian cuisine, but many different types of basil are used in Asian cooking as well. What are the varieties of basil? The following is a list of types of basil.[图片]A List of Basil Types Lettuce Leaf Basil Dark Opal Basil Lemon Basil Licorice Basil Cinnamon Basil French Basil American Basil Egyptian Basil Bush Basil Thai Basil Red Basil Genovese Basil Magical Michael Basil Holy Basil Nufar Basil Purple Ruffles Basil Red Rubin Basil Siam Queen Basil Spicy Globe Basil Sweet Dani Basil Amethyst Improved Basil Mrs. Burns’ Lemon Basil Pistou Basil Lime Basil Christmas Basil Superbo Basil Queenette Basil Napoletano Basil Serata Basil Blue Spice Basil Osmin Purple Basil Fino Verde Basil Marseille Basil Minette Basil Minimum Basil Queen Of Sheba Basil Fine Verde Basil Greek Dwarf Basil Prao Ka Basil [图片]As you can see, the list of basil types is long. Why not plant a few types of basil for cooking in your herb garden this year? See what these basil types can do to add flavor and fragrance to your salads, stews and other items on your dinner menu.[图片]

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2017年08月22日

Basil is one of the most versatile herbs and can give you big yields in sunny summer weather. The plant’s leaves are the main component of the flavorful pesto sauce and are used fresh in salads, sandwiches, and many other recipes. The fresh leaves are used throughout the growing season but the plant will die back as soon as temperatures begin to cool. Drying basil is an easy way to save the delicious leaves and provide you with that summer taste even in winter.[图片]How to Dry Fresh Basil Dry basil has a more intense flavor when it is fresh but it degrades quickly. Dried herbs are generally three to four times stronger than the fresh herb. The leaves have high moisture content and need to dry quickly to prevent molding. Air has to circulate freely around both sides of the leaf for the fastest drying. Drying fresh basil is an easy way to preserve the fresh lemony-anise to spicy-pepper flavor of the herb. The first step in how to dry fresh basil is the harvesting. Herbs that are harvested for drying should be harvested in the morning just after the dew has air-dried the leaves. Cut the herbs from the plant before it gets too hot. Remove the stems back to ¼ inch above a growth node. This will allow more leaves to flush at the cut point. Harvest more than you would use when drying basil because the leaves will reduce in size by more than half.[图片]There are two quick and effective methods of drying basil. You can cut stems around 6 inches long and bind them together in small bunches to hang dry. Place a paper bag around the bundles, which has holes punched in it. Hang the drying basil in a dimly lit to dark room with low humidity and warm temperatures. The bag will catch dry bits of the leaves as they fall off. You can also dry basil in a food dehydrator. Lay each leaf in a single layer on the racks and allow them to dry in the machine until completely crisp. A super fast method of drying basil uses the microwave. Use caution to prevent the herbs from scorching. Lay the leaves in a single layer on paper towels and microwave on low for up to 3 minutes. Check them every minute and remove any that are dry to prevent burning.[图片]Storing Dry Basil Leaves Dried herbs will lose flavor over time and excess light increases this process. It is best to store them in a cupboard or dark pantry where light cannot penetrate. The container for storage must be dry and air tight. Remove stems and flowers if they were dried with the leaves. Crumble the leaves into containers so they are ready to use in recipes. A rule of thumb is to use one-quarter to one-third the amount of fresh basil leaves listed in a recipe.

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2017年08月22日

A relative to mint, basil (Ocimum basilicum) has become one of the most popular, easy-to-grow and versatile of garden herbs. All basil is heat- and sun-loving, regardless of variety. Originating from India, basil plant leaves may be found in a plethora of cuisines from Italian to Thai and can be used to flavor foods, vinegars, oils, teas, and even to scent soap. However, you may sometimes be surprised to find holes or other basil leaf damage in basil leaves. [图片]What’s Eating My Basil Leaves? Generally speaking, basil plant leaves are not susceptible to many issues as long as you rotate plantings and maintain hygiene surrounding the plant. That said, you may on occasion notice that something is taking a nibble or two from your soon-to-be pesto. What basil pests are capable of this relentless infraction? Let’s learn more about the pests associated with most basil leaf damage.[图片]Holes in Basil Leaves and Basil Pests When gaps or holes in basil leaves have been discovered, the time for action is now! The most frequent assaulters of your precious basil plant leaves are Japanese beetles, slugs and aphids. Japanese Beetles Japanese beetles are usually found for around a month during the summer. They ravage the tender leaf but do not eat the larger veins of the basil plant, leaving a lacy looking skeleton on your plant. Japanese beetles can be plucked from the basil plant with your fingers and squished or dropped into soapy water to dispose. You may also choose to cover plants with garden fabric to reduce the number of mature insects that feed on them, which can also include the grasshopper.[图片]Slugs or Snails Slugs, ugh, slugs! Slugs find the basil plant leaves almost as delicious as you do. They create ragged holes in the basil plant leaves after climbing up the plant. While basil plants like mulch to help retain the moisture they enjoy, it is also a conduit for the slugs. To retard those munching slugs, try sprinkling diatomaceous earth over the mulch. The diatomaceous earth scrapes the slug’s skin and causes it to dehydrate and subsequently die. Products such as Bayer Advanced Dual Action Snail and Slug Killer Bait, Sluggo, Escar-Go, and Schultz Slug and Snail Bait must be reapplied after rain or watering. While not totally nontoxic, these products contain iron phosphate, which is significantly less harmful to pets, birds and beneficial insects than the more antiquated metaldehyde-containing products. Aphids and Soft Bodied Insects Soft bodied insects such as aphids, spider mites and whiteflies can be eradicated with insecticidal soaps like Bonide Multi Purpose Insect Control Soap, Safer Rose and Flower Insect Killer Concentrate, Safer Insect Killing Soap Concentrate and Concern Insect Killing Soap Concentrate. Most of these pests will be on the underside of the basil leaf and must have direct contact with the soapy spray to effectively eradicate them. If you are interested in using a more environmentally friendly product, you may investigate Azadiractin, which is an extraction naturally produced by the Neem tree, and is also known to gardeners as neem oil. Products which contain Azadiractin include: Align, Azatin, Neemex and Omazin. These products provide the gardener with another option for controlling basil plant marauders. Finally, remove any basil plant leaves with holes in them to avoid contaminating the rest of your plant. Chances are good that those damaged basil plant leaves harbor some type of pest vying for your next batch of Pesto Genovese.

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2017年08月22日

With their lovely purple stems and purple-veined leaves on a shiny, dark green background, Thai basil plants are grown not only for their culinary uses but also as an ornamental specimen. Keep reading for more information on Thai basil uses.[图片]About Thai Basil Plants Thai basil (Ocimum basilicum var. thyrsiflora) is a member of the mint family and as such has a particular sweet flavor reminiscent of anise, licorice and clove. Popular among the cuisines of Thailand, Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia, growing Thai basil has a pleasing aroma similar to sweet basil and is generally used fresh in recipes. Also referred to as ‘Sweet Thai,’ Thai basil plants grow to a height of between 12 to 18 inches with leaves 1 to 2 inches long on purple stems with purple flowers. Like sweet basil, Thai basil is a perennial.[图片]How to Plant Thai Basil If we look at how to plant Thai basil in the home garden, our first concern is obtaining the plants. Thai basil can be purchased from the nursery or started from seed. If the choice is to purchase from the nursery, pick up a rosemary plant as well. Rosemary and Thai basil work well planted together as they enjoy similar well-drained soil, water, and fertilization. Handle the plants carefully, as they are quite delicate. Plant the new basil in a sunny area, water in and fertilize with a nutrient rich fish emulsion or seaweed solution two to three times during their active growing season. Sun is a key ingredient. Thai basil plants need at least six hours of direct sunlight to flourish. Water weekly but keep the water off the leaves; water from the base. Over-watering will cause the leaves to yellow and drop and under-watering will make flowers and buds suffer, so it is important to attain a balance when watering Thai basil.[图片]Harvesting Thai Basil When harvesting Thai basil, remember to be gentle as the leaves bruise easily and you don’t want that to happen until you are going to use them. Harvest the leaves in the morning when their essential oils are at their peak and the flavor of the growing Thai basil will be at a premium. Also, water the Thai basil prior to harvest to intensify the flavor. Growing Thai basil tends to be more compact than other types of basil, so harvest at the top of a group of leaves; otherwise, the stem will rot. If you make a mistake, cut the stem all the way back to the next set of leaves. Unless, you are growing Thai basil as an ornamental, cut the flower off several days before harvest so the plant can focus all its energy on the leaves. When you harvest your growing Thai basil plant, take it down to about 6 inches.[图片]Thai Basil Uses Now that you have harvested the basil, what are you going to do with it? Some Thai basil uses are to infuse with vinegar or oil, to flavor Pho with mint and chilies, make tea, or pair with most any chicken, pork or beef dish. Recipes online include one for making Thai basil beer and a recipe for Thai basil pesto with peanuts, rice vinegar, fish sauce and sesame oil, which will keep in the refrigerator for a week. Yum! Thai basil is usually used fresh, preferably soon after harvesting, but you can also chop it up or run it through a food processor and freeze in ice cube trays. Once frozen, remove from the tray and store in resealable bags in the freezer for up to two months. Thai basil may also be used as an aromatherapy treatment by bruising the leaves and inhaling their aroma. They can also be bruised and rubbed beneath the eyes and on the forehead for a relaxing reprieve from a long stressful day.

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2017年08月22日

There’s nothing like the scent and flavor of fresh basil. Basil is native to India but has been cultivated for centuries in the Mediterranean and South Asian countries. Caring for a basil plant isn’t tricky but it does have specific watering needs that vary from the time it is a little sprout to when it matures to a large bush. A few basil watering tips are described in detail below. Basil is a tender annual that will not survive in zones below USDA zone 10, but it grows beautifully as a summer annual in all zones down to 4. Basil is generally planted in May, but you can start it earlier indoors. The plant needs well-drained soil with at least six to eight hours of bright sunlight per day. The best growth is achieved with 10 to 12 hours of light per day, but this can lead to the plant drying out if it is potted. Knowing how to water basil plants will help ensure a high yield of the flavorful leaves over the entire season.[图片]Watering a Basil Plant Basil starts should be sown at least six to eight weeks before planting out. In regions with short growing seasons, this should be even earlier for fully producing plants. While considered an annual, you can grow basil in a container and bring it indoors for longer production. Eventually, this tender herb will flower and die even as a houseplant. Flowering is discouraged, as it reduces leaf production and flowering is promoted by drying out. The flowers are pretty but not useful in cuisine, though they are edible. For this reason, basil plant watering is crucial. New and established plants require consistent moisture but cannot be left soggy. It is a fine line that cannot be crossed because overwatering will cause the plant stems to mildew and rot.[图片]How to Water Basil Plants at Seedling Stage Plants started indoors in flats should be misted every other day. Watch the soil carefully for signs of mildew or fungus, as moist, warm earth may form these potentially damaging conditions. Either one will cause damping off of the seedling basil. Watering for basil babies provides consistently damp soil. At seedling stage they cannot handle a deep watering like adult plants can whether in the ground or container situations. Use a sprayer or plant mister to moisten the top layer of soil as the plant germinates and once you see sprouts. Don’t let soil dry out but also don’t let soil become soggy when watering a basil plant.[图片]Watering Established Basil Plants Seriously, the best basil watering tips include simply to sticking a finger in the soil. This works especially well for a container-raised plant. Test both the top of the soil and the drainage holes at the bottom. The top should feel cool and dry, while the bottom should be cool and moderately damp. In the ground, this is a bit harder to determine but the plant needs deep watering at least once per week in full sun situations where the soil drains well. A novice gardener may want to use a soil moisture meter for basil plant watering. This will determine if the soil is moderately moist and prevent over- and under-watering. Watering for basil plants is generally a weekly chore but management of the moisture levels is crucial to preventing excess moisture that can cause rotting and reduced production and appearance.

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2017年08月22日

Herbal plants have many beneficial properties. Some herbs are useful companion plants that prevent pest problems. It is said that basil can keep flies from pestering you. Does basil keep flies away? Let’s separate the fact from the fiction and get an answer to the pesky question regarding basil and flies. Basil is one of the warm season herbs that are classics in summertime cooking. The plant requires plenty of sun and heat but basil can be grown indoors by a southern window for convenience. There are many varieties of basil, adding a twist on the plant’s flavor in essences of citrus, licorice, cinnamon and spice.[图片]Flies on Basil The intense scent and oil in basil and many other herbs are often used to deter common household pests. The pungent herb seems to repel flies and basil pest control has been used since ancient times. Basil is intolerant of cold temperatures and needs a full day of sunlight. The plants are useful as potted herbs in a sunny, bright kitchen or outside in the warm summer months around the vegetable or herb garden. Potted basil plants require well-drained soil and should not be allowed to stand in a dish of water. Soggy soil attracts small gnats and basil plant flies which are annoying and difficult to remove.[图片]Outdoor basil plants are susceptible to whiteflies in spite of their ability to repel domestic house flies. Repeated applications of a horticultural soap may help get rid of basil plant flies. Basil pest control seems to have limited effectiveness when the pests are actually on the plant! Does Basil Keep Flies Away? Most herbs with strong oil content and scent appear to have some repellent properties for domestic pests. Basil contains very heady oil and is useful in the kitchen to keep small gnats and flies out of food. Small moisture gnats that live in the soil of potted plants are also foiled by mixing in some dried basil to the soil. The plant doesn’t kill flies, but anything that prevents them from contaminating the kitchen and food and is non-toxic is a useful product.[图片]In a nutshell, information on basil and flies is more in the form of folklore. That being said, you can try the basil method because the worst thing that can happen is you have a fresh lovely herb to use. The best is a pest-free kitchen.

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