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花园 (6)
动态 (3585)
Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月02日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Aristolochiaceae Stems - Subterrestrial horizontal rhizomes. Leaves - Paired, arising from base of plant (rhizome), petiolate. Petiole to +15cm long, densely lanate with multicellular hairs. Blades cordate to reniform, to 15cm broad and long, entire, sericeous above with hairs on veins and near margins, densely pubescent below.
Inflorescence - Single flower from between leaf petioles. Peduncle to 3cm long, lanate, reddish-purple. Flowers - Apetalous. Sepals 3, connate for 2/3 of length( about 1cm) into a campanulate tube, free portions to 2cm long, +/-1cm broad at base, abruptly acute to acuminate or apiculate at apex, spreading to reflexed, brownish-red in upper half, whitish below (internally), pubescent to densely lanate externally, persistent in fruit. Stamens 12. Anthers connivent with the styles. Styles 6, deep brownish-red. Ovary inferior, 6-locular. Placentation axile. Capsule many seeded.
Flowering - April - May. Habitat - Wooded slopes, valleys, ravines, base of bluffs. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This little plant is probably the easiest to identify in the field. The cordate leaves and distinguishing flower make it simple to recognize.
The rhizomes of the plant were eaten heavily by natives and were believed to have medicinal properties. The plant has been studied in cancer research.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月02日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Liliaceae Stems - Aerial stems to +1m tall, erect, simple, herbaceous, green ,glabrous, terete, mostly hollow. Bulb of many bulblets, with a papery coating and fibrous roots. Bulblets with at least one flat side.
Leaves - Leaves present in the lower 1/3 to 1/2 of the plant. Leaves flat or very slightly folded, to +/-30cm long, 7-10mm broad, glabrous, often glaucous, with a prominent midrib, sheathing. The ligule rounded ("U"-shaped), the free portion 1-2mm tall (long).
Inflorescence - Dense capitate cluster of bulblets terminating the stem. Inflorescence covered in a papery spathe. Spathe with a long apiculate tip, splitting on one side at anthesis. Flowers - Flowers mostly or entirely replaced by bulblets. Bulblets glabrous, whitish or (more commonly) with a reddish tinge. If produced, the small flowers are greenish, whitish, or pinkish and tubular with acute lobes.
Flowering - May - July. Habitat - Waste ground, roadsides, railroads, fields, meadows, thickets, grassy areas. Origin - Native to Eurasia. Other info. - This tasty species is the common "Garlic" of culinary fame. It can be found scattered throughout Missouri. A. sativum is renowned for its medical benefits as well as its flavor. It has been used by many cultures to treat nearly every ailment known to man. More recently, Garlic has been shown to have promising anti-cancer properties. There are many more websites dedicated to the medicinal benefits of Garlic if you would like to learn more. Allicin is the sulfur compound responsible for the characteristic smell of Garlic as well as some of its medicinal benefits. Garlic is easy to grow in our area and wild plants can become very weedy if left unchecked.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月02日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Apiaceae Stems - From fibrous roots, forming large clumps, multiple from the base, erect, branching, herbaceous, glabrous, reddish-purple at the base, green apically, slightly scented. Leaves - Basal leaves long petiole. Petioles to 15cm long, glabrous, colored as the stem. Blade palmately compound. Leaflets serrate, sessile, glabrous, +/-6cm long. Teeth of leaflet mucronate.Cauline leaves becoming sessile, palmate. The leaflets oblanceolate, divided near the apex, to 6cm long, +/-2cm broad, glabrous, toothed as the basal leaves.
Inflorescence - Axillary bracteate globose umbellets, of staminate and perfect flowers. Rays to +2cm long in flower, glabrous. Umbellets directly subtended by a few minute bracts. +/-40 flowers per umbellet. Raylets of staminate flowers to -2mm long, glabrous. Perfect flowers mostly sessile.
Flowers - Staminate flowers - Petals green, glabrous, strongly inflexed, -1mm broad. Stamens 5, erect. Filaments greenish, glabrous, 2mm long. Anthers yellow, .7mm long. Calyx tube .5mm long, with 5 lobes, glabrous. Lobes acute, erect, .3mm long, glabrous. Perfect flowers - Petals as in staminate flowers. Stamens slightly longer than in staminate flowers. Styles 2, long and spreading to recurved, greenish-white, glabrous, -3mm long. Ovary with uncinate prickles. Sepals same as is staminate flowers.
Flowering - April - June. Habitat - Rich open woods, thickets. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This species can be found throughout much of Missouri but is absent from a large section of the west-central portion of the state. The plant can be identified by its bristly fruits which have long styles. The styles of the fruits are longer than the bristles and slightly recurved, they DO NOT stand erect.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月02日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Euphorbiaceae Stems - From a woody caudex, herbaceous, pubescent and with stinging hairs, vining, to -1m long.
Leaves - Alternate, stipulate, petiolate. Stipules spreading, ovate to lanceolate, to 5mm long, 3mm broad, with stinging hairs. Petioles to +/-5cm long, with same pubescence as stem. Blades cordate, dentate, +/-10cm long, 6.5cm broad, sparsely pubescent above and below and with stinging hairs, dark green above, silvery-green below. Lowest leaves broadly ovate.
Inflorescence - Axillary raceme to 4cm long in flower, expanding in fruit, androgynous. Each flower subtended by a small bract. Bract linear, rounded at apex, 1.1mm long. Pedicels 2mm long in flower, slightly longer in fruit, sparse glandular pubescent.
Flowers - Staminate flowers with 3 erect stamens. Filaments green, fleshy, glabrous, .3mm long. Anthers yellow, .1mm broad. Sepals 3, green, spreading, mostly glabrous or with a few hairs near the apex, oblong elliptic, 1.2mm long, 1mm broad, subacute. Petals none. Pistillate flowers with 5-7 sepals. Sepals accrescent. Styles united in lower 1/2. Stigmas purple, persistent. Capsule 3-carpellate, (1-seed per carpel), stinging pubescent. with evident green venation, +/-1.5cm broad. Flowering - June - September. Habitat - Bottoms, rocky open woods, thickets, glades. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This interesting plant has been recorded as rare in Missouri in the past but if you get out and look for it you will find the plant in many of the Ozark counties. This species is fairly indistinct and is more often felt than seen. The stinging sensation of the plant takes a few moments to reach its maximum but is quite painful. I once described the stinging as "about as much pain as you can have without actually being hurt." The fruiting capsules of Tragia are easy to ID and clearly distinguish the species if found.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月02日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Polygonaceae Stems - Single tp typically multiple from a big taproot, erect, solid, herbaceous but stout, to +/-1m tall, strongly nerved to carinate, densely pubescent (at least in the basal 1/2), mostly glabrous in the inflorescence.
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate. Petioles densely pubescent, flat on the adaxial surface, rounded abaxially, 1-6cm long. Blades pubescent below, less so above, oblong to elliptic, cordate at the base (or rounded to truncate in the uppermost leaves), to +15cm long, +7cm broad, with crenulate to crisped margins, the apex somewhat acute. Midrib and lateral veins of the larger leaves often reddish. Ocrea +/-1.5cm long, densely pubescent, greenish-brown.
Inflorescence - Many thin spreading branches to +/-30cm long, glabrous. Branches typically perpendicular to the main axis of the stem. Whorls of flowers clearly and fairly evenly spaced along the branches of the inflorescence. Each whorl subtended by one bract. Bracts reduced upward, each whorl with +/-10 flowers. Pedicels 1-5mm long, glabrous, jointed in the middle. Flowers - Flowers mostly perfect, 1-2mm long at anthesis, quickly expanding in fruit. Stamens 6. Filaments short, translucent, .2-.8mm long, glabrous. Anthers yellow, to 1.2mm long, .5mm broad. Ovary .7mm long (in flower), green, glabrous, 3-angled. Stigmas 3, translucent, expanded at the apex, .6mm long. Perianth green, glabrous, 3 "sepals" shorter the the 3 inner "petals." All parts of the flower glabrous (or with a few hairs on the outer parts). Margins of the expanded inner perianth parts with +/-5 teeth. Teeth pectinate to 3mm long. Tubercles 1-2 per flower, 1/2 as long as the valve.
Flowering - April - July. Habitat - Disturbed sites, railroads, roadsides. Origin - Native to Europe. Other info. - This species has been reported from just one Missouri county (St. Louis) and has not been seen in the state since. It is much more common in states to the southeast. The plant can be identified by its densely pubescent (at least basally) stems, its pubescent leaves, its widely spreading inflorescence branches, and its pectinate fruits.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月02日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Polygonaceae Stems - Stems to -2m tall, simple or branching at the apex, erect, from a big taproot, herbaceous, glabrous, ribbed, becoming red with age.
Leaves - Basal leaves petiolate, to +/-50cm long (with petiole). Ocrea to -15cm long, scarious. Petiole to 20cm long, carinate. Blade lanceolate, crisped, glabrous, acute, +/-11cm broad, +/-45cm long, rounded at base, not cordate. Cauline leaves to +/-14cm long, glabrous, with smaller petiole than basal leaves, more crisped than basal leaves.
Inflorescence - Terminal bracteate panicles to +/-40cm long (tall). Pedicels to 5mm long, with small swollen joint in basal 1/2. Flowers - Outer perianth segments 3, 1.5mm long, green, glabrous, with scarious margins, rounded at apex. Inner perianth segments broadly ovate, to 2.5mm long in flower, glabrous, green. Ovary 3-sided, green, glabrous, 1mm long. Styles 3, reflexed, .6mm long. Stamens 6, adnate at base of perianth segments. Anthers yellow, to +1mm long. Filaments greenish, glabrous, 1mm long. Fruiting perianth segments becoming ferruginous, glabrous, to 5mm long, each with a tubercle. Tubercles to 1/2 the length of the fruiting perianth segments. Achenes ferruginous.img src="1000303029_1000013406_1501669858.jpg"> Flowering - April - May. Habitat - Fields, roadsides, railroads, waste ground, disturbed sites. Origin - Native to Eurasia. Other info. - This aggressive species is found throughout Missouri. The plant spreads easily can grow to quite a large size. The tissues of this species, and most plants in this genus, have high concentrations of oxalic acid and can be irritating to some people. Traditionally the plant is eaten or made into a tea for many ailments such and fever, scurvy, tumors, and cancer.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月02日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Polygonaceae Stems - To +1m tall, often reclining with age, herbaceous, glabrous, from big deep taproot, typically simple but sometimes branched below the inflorescence, with darker green striations. Leaves - Alternate, petiolate, sheathing. Ocrea scarious, drying to brown, NOT fringed with ciliate bristles, typically deciduous by fruiting period. Petiole to 4cm long. Blades to +20cm long, +/-5cm broad, entire, lanceolate to lance-elliptic, acute to acuminate at apex, fairly abruptly constricted at base to petiole, glabrous. Margins only slightly undulate.
Inflorescence - Terminal verticillate racemes in a panicle to +/-30cm tall, dense. Branches of panicle ascending. Pedicels of flowers to 1cm long, jointed below middle, glabrous.
Flowers - Imperfect. Fruiting sepals green, drying to a brownish-copper color, to 6mm long, 5mm broad, entire. Tubercles 1, to 3.5mm long, 1.1mm broad. Achenes 3-sided, 3mm long, dark brown.
Flowering - April - May. Habitat - Moist ground by streams, sloughs, and ponds, thickets, waste ground, railroads. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This species of Rumex is quite common throughout Missouri. The plant seems to prefer slightly moist ground but can grow in a variety of conditions because of its big taproot. The young shoots of this plant and some other species in this genus can be cooked and eaten.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月02日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Rhamnaceae Stems - Woody, a shrub to +2m tall. Twigs glabrous, tannish-red, terete. New growth terete, glabrous or puberulent. Pith of the twigs white, spongy, solid. Leaves - Leaves alternate, petiolate. Petioles to 5mm long, pubescent on the adaxial margin and with an adaxial groove. Blades lanceolate to elliptic, serrulate, acute, mostly glabrous but with some hairs on the midrib below, deep dull green adaxially, shiny light green abaxially, to +5cm long, +2cm broad.
Inflorescence - Single flowers from the leaf axils on the new-season's growth. Pedicels 3-4mm long, glabrous. Plants polygamodioecous (with male and female flowers on different plants and with some perfect flowers on the same plant).
Flowers (staminate) - Petals 4, alternating with the sepals, adnate at the apex of the calyx tube, erect, folded around the stamens, small, 1-1.3mm long, .5mm broad, glabrous, purplish, notched at the apex. Stamens 4, alternating with the calyx lobes, erect, adnate just below the petals. Filaments -1mm long, compressed, widest at the base and tapering to the apex, glabrous, translucent-green. Anthers to .7mm long, whtish to gold. Pistil reduced, .5-.6mm long, glabrous, green, superior, tapering to the apex. Calyx tube green, glabrous, 1-1.5mm long. Sepals 4, 2mm long, 1mm broad, acute, entire, green and sometimes with brown tips.
Flowering - April - June. Habitat - Open wooded slopes, usually on limestone. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This shrubby species can be found throughout most of Missouri but is apparently absent from the bootheel counties of the state. The plant is fairly non-distinct and easily missed when traversing the woods. Habitat is probably the best character to use when trying to locate this plant in the wild. In the Ozarks this species is not nearly as common and the larger R. caroliniana Walt.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月02日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Polygonaceae Stems - Twining, herbaceous, to +1m long, angled or ribbed, retrorse strigose on angles and ribs, often reddish in strong sun, branching, multiple from base. Leaves - Alternate, petiolate. Petioles with a deep adaxial groove, retrorse strigose, to +2cm long. Blades sagittate, acute to acuminate, entire, glabrous, strigillose on the margins, to +4cm long, +3cm broad.
Inflorescence - Axillary and terminal flowers. Axillary flowers typically single or paired. Terminal flowers in bracteate racemes, in whorls of 4 at each node of the raceme, often subtended by reduced foliaceous bracts. Axis of racemes retrorse strigillose. Pedicels reddish in strong sun, 1-2mm long, mostly glabrous.
Flowers - Perianth greenish and often with whitish or pinkish apical margins, quickly expanding in size to 4mm long (1-2mm in flower). Stamens 6-8. Anthers pinkish, bilobed, .3mm broad. Filaments short, white, glabrous, .5mm long. Ovary superior, green, glabrous, 3-angled, .7mm long in flower. Style short, green, glabrous, .1mm long. Stigma green, capitate, .1-.2mm broad. Seeds dull black but shiny on the angles, 3-angled, to 3mm long. Flowering - May - September. Habitat - Waste ground, disturbed sites, open woods, roadsides, railroads. Origin - Native to Europe. Other info. - This species can be found throughout Missouri and is becoming more common. It spreads very quickly. The leaves and habit of the plant resembles those of the genus Convolvulus, hence the species epithet. Steyermark wrote that natives used to grind the seeds and make flour.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年08月02日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Liliaceae Stems - To +1m tall, erect to arching, glabrous, glaucous, herbaceous, rhizomatous, simple, single from base.
Leaves - Alternate, sessile, glabrous, somewhat glaucous below, entire, acute, to +18cm long, +7cm wide. Inflorescence - Pedunculate drooping axillary clusters of 1-5 flowers. Peduncle to +3cm long, glabrous. Pedicels to 8mm long, glabrous, often with small linear bracts to about 1.1mm long.
Flowers - Whitish-green. Tepals 6, united except at apex, United portion to +/-1.5cm long, glabrous. Free portion of tepals 4mm long, acute, spreading to erect. Stamens 6, adnate about halfway up corolla tube, opposite tepals, included. Filaments to 4mm long, glabrous. Anthers yellow, 4.5mm long, introrse. Ovary superior, 5mm long, ellipsoid, 3-locular. Placentation axile. Style glabrous, 1.1cm long, pale greenish-white. Berries to +1.2cm long (diameter), deep blue, glabrous.
Flowering - May - June. Habitat - Moist, rich woods, roadside ditches, edges of streams and ponds. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - You may find this plant being called P. canaliculatum, which was once thought to be a separate species, but the two are synonymous. This plant is common throughout Missouri. When not in flower, this plant can be mistaken for another member of the Liliaceae, Smilacina. Smilacina in flower has a terminal raceme and is easy to ID. When not in flower, though, it is easy to mistake the two genera.
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