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Miss Chen
2018年08月16日
Miss Chen
Dracaena corn plants (Dracaena fragrans 'Massangeana') belong within the family Agavaceae. This evergreen, perennial shrub thrives outdoors in frost-free areas of the United States. Plants grow slowly, reaching up to 15 feet tall at maturity. Sword-like leaves reach up to 1 foot long and grow in bunches at the top of tall trunks, or canes. Plumes of fragrant white flowers bloom periodically year-round. Plants are suitable used as specimens, houseplants, or grown in containers or planters. Gardeners can prune corn plants to control its size, or start new plants from the cuttings.
Step 1 Wipe the blades of loppers or pruning shears off with a cloth dipped in alcohol or bleach to sterilize pruning tools before cutting the corn plant. This kills any bacteria or diseases on the blades that can infect the corn plant through the fresh cut. Step 2 Trim off green branches or shoots using pruning shears, if doing a light pruning to the corn plant. Cut off the branch at the desired location, or flush with the trunk. The branch will sprout two to three new stems in cuts not made flush to the trunk or cane. Step 3 Trim through thick cane sections using loppers. Select the area on the corn plant's trunk you desire to cut it back to and slice through the area using loppers. Two to three new branches will develop where you made the cut. Step 4 Prune off a trunk or cane flush to the ground, if pruning away multiple trunks. Cut the cane off using loppers and pile soil on top of the cut so it does not sprout back. Use this method if you desire a single-trunk corn plant, or desire to eliminate a trunk.
Step 5 Trim off plumes of spent blossoms. Use pruning shears and trim the dead flower section back to the foliage.
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Miss Chen
2018年08月16日
Miss Chen
Jasmine is a flowering, fragrant, perennial evergreen. Depending upon its variety, jasmine may be planted as a ground cover, an ornamental bush, or trained along fences and other supports. In Texas, the best time to plant jasmine depends upon its variety and the age of the plant.
Varieties Jasmine comes in shrubs -- bush and climbing vines -- and ground cover. Shrub varieties include Jasminum floridum, or Florida jasmine, and Jasminum primulinum, or primrose jasmine. Jasminum humile, or Italian jasmine, and Gelsemium sempervirens, or Carolina yellow, are two climbing varieties of jasmine. Asiatic jasmine, also known as Dwarf Confederate jasmine or small leaf Confederate jasmine, is a ground cover. Time Frame Shrubs and climbing jasmine can be planted in either mid spring or September through November. Planting time for ground cover Asiatic jasmine depends upon the size of the plant. Plants that are purchased in 1-gallon containers can be planted any time of the year. If the winter is mild, plants in 4-inch containers can be planted any time as well. Smaller plants in 2-inch containers need to be planted in the spring.
Warning Do not plant jasmine where young children or animals can reach it. The berries of jasmine shrubs are poisonous. If ingested, they can affect the digestive and nervous system and, in some cases, cause death.
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Miss Chen
2018年08月16日
Miss Chen
Crocosmia (Crocosmia x crocosmiiflora), also known as montbretia, is a sturdy summer bloomer that produces thick, strappy foliage topped with masses of bright, funnel-shaped flowers in shades of orange, yellow or red. At maturity, the flower stalks grow to heights of 2 to 3 feet. Native to South Africa, crocosmia flourishes in U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 6 through 10. In cooler climates, crocosmia's bulblike corms must be removed from the ground in autumn and stored for the winter. Plant crocosmia corms after the ground can be worked in springtime. Select a spot with well-drained soil, and work a balanced fertilizer into the soil before planting. A granular, slow-release, 10-10-10 fertilizer at a rate of 1 tablespoon per 3 square feet is sufficient. Plant the corms 6 to 8 inches apart and 3 to 5 inches deep. The plant likes full sunlight but tolerates light shade. In warmer climates, crocosmia can be planted in either fall or spring.
Water the crocosmia deeply at planting time, approximately 1 gallon of water per square foot, so the soil is saturated. After that time, crocosmia requires no supplemental irrigation until growth emerges in a few weeks. After growth appears, water crocosmia thoroughly to saturate the soil every seven to 10 days.
Spread 2 to 3 inches of organic mulch over the planting area after planting the crocosmia. Mulch helps retain the soil's moisture and keep soil temperatures from fluctuating. Mulch also helps deter growth of weeds that compete with crocosmia for moisture and nutrients.
Fertilize crocosmia, using a general-purpose garden fertilizer, when the shoots are 6 to 8 inches tall. Use a water-soluble fertilizer with all three numbers the same, such as 15-15-15. Mix 1 tablespoon of fertilizer with 1 gallon of water, and water thoroughly. Repeat the process again when the blooms appear.
Clip crocosmia blooms as often as desired for cut flower bouquets. Use sharp garden scissors, and sterilize the blades with household disinfectant before and after cutting to prevent spreading disease. Remove spent blooms regularly, by hand or with scissors, to promote more blooms. After blooming, leave the foliage. Let it die down naturally on its own. This helps refuel the corms for next year.
Divide crocosmia every three to four years to keep the plant from becoming overcrowded. Don't divide more often; crocosmia blooms most profusely when slightly crowded. Dig the entire clump in autumn with a garden spade, then divide it into smaller sections. Wear gloves, gently pull the corms apart, and replant the smaller sections in a prepared spot. Crocosmia has few pests or diseases, but throw away any soft or damaged corms that look unhealthy.
Dig crocosmia corms after the foliage dies down in autumn, if you live in a climate cooler than USDA zone 6. Place the corms in a sheltered spot to dry for one or two days, then place the corms in a paper bag or cardboard box filled with sawdust or peat moss. Store the bulbs in a cool, dry room where temperatures will stay between 35 and 45 degrees Fahrenheit for the winter months. When spring arrives, replant the crocosmia corms in your garden.
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Miss Chen
2018年08月16日
Miss Chen
Ferns are among the oldest types of plants still surviving on the planet, and some species have remained virtually unchanged for tens of millions of years. They are also one of the most diverse groups of plants, with thousands of species spread across most temperate parts of the globe.
Ancient Ferns During the Carboniferous Period, which ended about 300 million years ago, ferns were the dominant form of plant life on Earth, and although many ancient ferns were nearly identical to fern species alive today, the Carboniferous forests were home to towering tree ferns that created a canopy under which smaller ferns grew. Although modern tree ferns, which are much like their ancient ancestors, have structures similar to other ferns, they grow to immense sizes and resemble full-size tropical trees. The Australian tree fern (Sphaeropteris cooperi) grows in U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 10b through 11, and it can be grown indoors in a container. This fern grows a single trunk that can be up to 12 inches in diameter, and it unfurls fronds that are between 12 and 18 inches long. This tree fern can grow 15 to 30 feet tall. Colorful Ferns Many fern species grow in the shady, moist environments under forest canopies and blend into the undergrowth, but not all ferns are green. Some species are nearly as showy as vibrant garden flowers. The new growth of some ferns is strikingly orange, red or yellow, and some species have brilliantly colored stems or variegated leaves. The Japanese painted fern (Athyrium niponicum var. "Pictum") is a delicate, low-growing fern that grows in USDA zones 5 through 8. Its red-purple leaf stems contrast with the silvery sheen of its leaflets, and it grows in 8- to 12-inch-tall clumps that hug the soil. Unfurling Fronds Fern leaves are called fronds, and their structure is different than other plants. Fern fronds usually sprout directly from the plant's underground structure without any stem, and the fronds gradually unroll from base to tip, forming the familiar "fiddlehead" shape in the process. Fern fronds are made up of a central stem called a rachis and small leaflets that grow along the rachis. In some species, the frond is divided, with a smaller rachis branching from the central stem; then an even smaller rachis branches from that one, until the frond is divided as many as four or five times.
Spores, Not Seeds Most flowering plants reproduce through seeds that develop from flowers, but ferns have neither flowers nor seeds. It's their lack of seeds that sets them apart from both flowering plants and cone-bearing plants. The fern's life cycle begins when the adult fern plant, called a sporophyte, produces and sheds spores, tiny seedlike capsules that are dispersed by water or wind to a location away from the parent plant. In the new spot, the spore germinates and produces a new plant, called a gametophyte. The gametophyte, which is often tiny and inconspicuous compared to the sporophyte, then produces both egg and sperm cells. The sperm cells fertilize the egg cells, and the fertilized egg grows into a new sporophyte.
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Miss Chen
2018年08月15日
Miss Chen
When to prune sedum (Sedum spp.) is a question that is not answered with just a simple date. Pruning the flowering perennial, which grows in U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 3 through 10, depends on the size of the plant, the variety and how you want it to look. A compact, low-growing sedum requires different maintenance pruning than a tall, late-blooming variety.
Before You Prune Before you prune your sedum, disinfect your pruning tools. Pruning shears are best for cutting back tall plants, while snips work well for pinching or clipping leaves. After brushing any dirt from the tool blades, disinfect the blades by soaking them for at least five minutes in a household disinfectant. After removing the tool from the disinfectant, rinse the blades with clean water and let them dry before using them on your plants. Repeat the disinfecting process before pruning another plant to avoid spreading disease. Pinching for Shape To encourage branching and low growth on young plants, pinching is recommended. To pinch the plant, use your fingers or pruning snips to remove the center growth from the top of a stem. Take care not to damage the buds or small leaf sets on either side of the center growth; these buds are where the branching will occur. Pinch back new plants when they are about 8 inches tall. You can still pinch off up to 2 inches after blooms start to appear, but it will delay flowering. The result is sedum with more horizontal growth, less vertical growth and added fullness. Late Spring Pruning A more severe pruning is required to encourage bushiness on an older plant that has gotten top heavy or leggy. To encourage new plant growth and get a fuller plant, cut the sedum back by one-half in May or June. New flower buds will form on the cut stalks, so you won't be sacrificing any of the showy display for the sake of a neater looking plant. Choose a point about halfway down a stalk and just above a set of leaves to make your cut. Cut cleanly through the stalk with sharp pruning shears, taking care not to damage the leaf set. Repeat with each stalk until the sedum is a uniform height. Early Spring Pruning Some varieties of tall sedum, such as "Autumn Joy" (Sedum x "Autumn Joy"), which grows in USDA zones 5 through 9, flower through the winter and need cut back in late winter or early spring. You can cut the sedum back in winter as soon as the flowers fade or any time after that until you see green peeping from the ground in spring. Cut the entire plant back to ground level using pruning shears or break the stalks at ground level by hand. In the spring, the sedum will re-emerge from the roots.
Year-Round Pruning Some types of pruning are necessary year-round. This includes pruning out dead plant growth and cutting out diseased plant material. Removing these from your sedum as you see them will help keep the plant looking its best, keep it healthy and less prone to fungal or insect infestations. Cut dead stalks back to the base of the stalk. Pull any dead leaves when you spot them. Remove diseased portions of the plant to keep disease from spreading. Make sure you cut back far enough that you are leaving only healthy plant material. Make the cut just above a leaf set for new growth. Do not compost diseased sedum material.
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Miss Chen
2018年08月15日
Miss Chen
Pampas Grass (Cortaderia selloana) creates a tall, flowing feature in your garden when in full bloom. Planting at the appropriate time for your geographical area is important if you want the plants to have tall 10-foot plumes by late summer. The grass thrives in warm temperatures and is a perennial in U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 8 through 10. Cooler growing zones can also plant pampas grass, but is will only grow as an annual. Pampas grass is considered invasive in some areas of the U.S.
Preparing Planting Area Pampas grass produces long, feathery plumes and can have an aggressive growth pattern. Begin planting preparation by choosing a planting area that will not hinder the growth or block other plants. Clear the area and work the soil to a minimum depth of 12 inches about one month before the desired planting date to give the soil time to settle. Dividing Existing Plants Pampas grass is a clump-growing plant that is easily divided to obtain new plants. Dividing plants in early spring offers the best results with transplanting and root establishment before the height of the summer growing season. Remove the entire plant from the soil by digging around the root mass and gently pulling out the plant. Carefully break the root mass into smaller clumps that contain both root and grass stems. Plant the pampas grass transplants in a new location immediately and at the same depth they were previously growing. Wear gloves when handling pampas grass, as the blades are sharp and can cut your hands. Starting From Seed Planting pampas grass from seeds can begin during the late winter months. This gives the seeds enough time to germinate and grow into strong seedlings before planting them in an outdoor garden in spring. Most plants do not produce viable seeds because both male and female plants are required for pollination. Planting Seedlings Depends on Climate The date pampas grass seedlings are planted outdoors is dependent on the geographical area. USDA zones warmer than zone 7 rarely get freezing temperatures in the spring that will damage the plants. Gardeners in these warmer USDA zones can successfully plant pampas grass year-round. Those in cooler USDA zones should wait until after the last hard frost of the spring season.
Benefits Of Containers Use large pots with good drainage holes to grow pampas grass if you are concerned about the plant spreading or becoming too aggressive in your garden. Growing in pots allows you to plant the grass earlier in spring, since you can easily move the pot indoors or into a protected area if there is a risk of damaging temperatures.
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Miss Chen
2018年08月15日
Miss Chen
No matter where you live, you can quickly bring a taste of the tropics to your indoor or outdoor garden by growing bird of paradise. Known botanically as Strelitzia reginae, this colorful, eye-catching plant lights up any garden.
Bird of Paradise Features Showy bird of paradise flowers consist of orange, blue and white, which form to resemble an exotic bird's beak. There's also a variety that has all white flowers. Each bird of paradise flower can last up to two weeks on or off the plant. The plant's foliage is also dramatic. The large, green, textural leaves make a statement even when the plant isn't blooming. Bird of Paradise History Native to South Africa, bird of paradise is widely cultivated throughout South America today. The plant got its botanical name when it was introduced to England in 1773 by Sir Joseph Banks, who ran Kew Gardens at the time. He named the plant Strelitzia after Queen Charlotte, wife of George III. She lived at Kew Gardens for several years. Where to Grow Bird of Paradise Bird of paradise makes an excellent accent in the landscape. Use the plant around pools and spas to add a tropical feel or put bird of paradise in a pot and display it as a focal point. When grown in containers, bird of paradise can be displayed on patios, balconies and decks. Bird of paradise requires full sun outdoors to thrive. The plant is frost sensitive, so it can only be grown outdoors year-round in frost-free climates, such as zones 9 through 12. If you wish to grow bird of paradise outdoors in other zones, do so in the spring and summer when night temperatures are 60 degrees and above. Grow the plant in a container and bring it indoors when nighttime temperatures drop in fall. Bird of Paradise Grown as a Houseplant Bird of paradise does well when grown indoors as a houseplant, as such a warm environment is ideal. The plant requires a bright, sunny location, such as in front of an eastern or southern window. Bird of paradise also does well when grown under full-spectrum lighting. Bird of Paradise Care and Maintenance With consistent care, bird of paradise can thrive. Though the plant is drought tolerant once established, it grows best when you keep the soil moist but not soggy. This will generally require that you water the plant once a week when grown in the ground. Container-grown plants will require more frequent watering, especially when temperatures are high.
Fertilize bird of paradise once in spring and again in summer with an all-purpose fertilizer designed for flowering plants. Always follow the package directions on the fertilizer, as too much can burn plant roots and damage the plant. Bird of paradise is a self-cleaning plant that tends to shed its own leaves when necessary. That means it rarely needs pruning. When you do prune, remove dead foliage and spent flower stalks.
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Miss Chen
2018年08月15日
Miss Chen
Hibiscus plants produce a flower that evokes the tropics. It is a large colorful bloom with a cluster that includes a brightly colored, elongated stamen, decorated with multiple anthers and topped with five to six stigmas. Although most hibiscus are tropical to subtropical, a few cold-hardy varieties are called hardy hibiscus. Hibiscus are in the family Malvaceae, which also represents mallow, hollyhock and even cotton. The flowers can be between 4 to 8 inches and are found in pinks, yellows and whites.
Family Malvaceae All members of the Malvaceae family have similar characteristics. The family comprises shrubs, trees and herbs and extends to 75 genera and 1,500 species. Most of these have fine hairs on the stems and a mucilaginous sap. The flowers bear five petals and come in a variety of colors. The petals have a crumpled paper or ruffled appearance. The leaves on plants in the Malvaceae family are alternate, simple and veined. The flowers are where family members bear the most resemblance. Plants in the Family Plants in the family Malvaceae bear characteristic whorls of blooms. Rose of Sharon or Althea is a common perennial shrub with pink to red blooms on woody stems. Abutilon is a frost-tender plant grown as either an annual or perennial. It forms small drooping flowers that have the same basic characteristics as the hibiscus. Mallow or Malva is a common plant that can produce a large bush or sprawling ground cover. Visual Similarity In appearance, the rose mallow in the genera Malva has the most similar flowers. It also has the same shape of leaf, although hibiscus has a glossier tone. The mallow flowers are about 4 inches across, and it grows best in full sun but can tolerate partial shade. The flower hues are not as varied as hibiscus and only come in white, pink and rose red. Mallow is often mistaken for hibiscus and is in the same family.
Cultural Similarity Althea is the most similar to hibiscus culturally. It requires full sun and moist, well-drained soil and should be watered thoroughly but infrequently and not allowed to dry out. As with the hibiscus, monthly dilutions of fertilizer will help it flourish and bloom all season. As with large hibiscus, pruning early in spring encourages blooms and a more compact growth habit. The plant doesn't tolerate freezing conditions and should be covered or brought indoors in freezing weather. Both plants can be propagated by seeds or by cuttings.
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Miss Chen
2018年08月14日
Miss Chen
Kalanchoes are perennial, short-day-blooming succulent plants that bear bunches of small blossoms on branching bracts. They are typically grown indoors, but can be placed outside whenever temperatures are warm enough, or if winter temperatures don't get low enough to harm them. Grown indoors or outside, kalanchoes still need bright light, dry periods between watering and room to spread their root system.
Hardiness Zone While temperatures of 50 to 60 degrees Fahrenheit will keep the Kalanchoes in bloom, freezing temperatures can kill them. In zones 10 and 11, they can be planted directly in the landscape with minimal winter protection and will function as perennials. Even a few hours of temperatures near 40 degrees can kill unprotected kalanachoes. Location Kalanchoes are lovely in or out of bloom, but need short daylight hours to produce blooms. Kalanchoes planted where nighttime lighting reaches the leaves may not produce blooms as often as those planted where they have long stretches of darkness at night. In zones 10 and 11, summertime direct sunlight can burn the leaves. Planted near a deciduous tree with dappled shade, kalanchoes benefit from more winter sun and less summer sun. Moving Indoors North of zone 11, kalanchoes are grown as summer annuals, or must be planted in pots so they can be moved indoors when frost threatens. If they are set outdoors in an area with intense, full sunlight, they must be gradually adjusted to the lower light levels they will experience indoors.
Considerations Heavy winds can break the succulent stems of kalanchoes or even uproot them. Place the container in a sheltered area. Kalanchoes also do not "play well" with other plants, in that they have a very demanding root system. They need plenty of root space from other plants and particularly don't compete well with grass. The more root room they have in the ground or in their containers, the larger the plant will grow and the more bloom clusters it can support.
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