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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年09月20日
Dummer. ゛☀
With plants, as with people, there are savers and there are spenders. Where ­water is the currency, succulents are the thriftiest of their kind, their fleshy leaves hoarding water for times of drought. This built-in resiliency makes them a ­perfect choice for problem places in the yard: patio containers set in blazing sun, windy spots that make roses wither, rocky slopes where grass won’t grow. ­Gardeners in the arid West have been using succulents in water-thrifty xeriscapes for years. Now more nurseries across the country are carrying these intriguing plants, some of which grow well even in damp or cold climates.
John Spain, a Connecticut-based gardening expert who pioneered ways of growing succulents outdoors in the frozen north, discovered their advantages years ago, when he often traveled for business. “The only plants that survived without any care in my makeshift greenhouse were the succulents and cacti,” he says. “I would leave for a month, and they’d be fine.” That sent him searching for more cold-hardy succulents. He found enough to fill a 20-foot (6 m)-long berm with a carpetlike tapestry of leaves in green, chartreuse, rose, purple, and even nearly black. Today he also tucks succulents among alpine plants in his 2,000-square-foot rock garden.
A Size and Shape for Every Situation At least 60 plant families have some succulent species. The adaptations that these plants have made to hold on to moisture make them especially interesting garden specimens. Ground-hugging rosettes pack water into thick, pointed leaves that hybridizers have edged with ribbons of color or rose-petal-like frills. Some species have a swollen stem known as a caudex that serves as a water storage tank. Others resemble cacti, complete with ridged stems and spiky thorns. Among the most familiar succulents are Sedums, including that perennial ­favorite Sedum spectabile ‘Autumn Joy,’ which grows 18 to 24 inches (45 to 60 cm) tall and bears dramatic rosy-red flower heads in late summer. Another Sedum, Two-Row Stonecrop (Sedum spurium) is a low-maintenance groundcover with fine ­foliage and white, pink, or purple flowers in summer. Low-growing Sedum rupestre ‘Angelina’ has yellow blooms. Another groundcover, Ice Plant (Delosperma spp.) has tiny, fingerlike fleshy leaves and blooms in full sun with masses of daisylike flowers all summer. Delosperma nubigenum is a noninvasive type that bears yellow blooms. Hens and Chicks—the common name for the similar-looking but unrelated Echeveria x imbricata and the more cold-hardy Sempervivum tectorum—is a longtime favorite for contain­­ers, rock gardens, and growing in the crevices of stone walls. Sempervivum‘s ground-hugging rosettes can be green, red, chartreuse, or purple to silvery blue in color. Echeverias come in rose, green, gray, and mauve, often with a contrasting edge color or a stripe. Both multiply without much effort, sending out shoots with their progeny attached; these may root on their own if they are in contact with soil. Otherwise, they can easily be detached and rooted. Desert-loving Yuccas, Agaves, and Aloes, with their swordlike and strappy leaves with sharp tips, add a sculptural element to any garden. Though these large-scale specimen plants have long been associated with the dry Southwest, there are hardy varieties that withstand below-freezing temperatures. That indoor classic, the treelike Jade Plant (Crassula ovata), is another favorite for outdoor containers—though it is not hardy in cold climates. In the same family, Baby Becklace (Crassula rupestris x perforata) looks like a string of beads or buttons. The lesser-known, multistemmed Aeoniums bear striking rosettes, sometimes variegated, in shades of green, red, and blackish purple, at the ends of their branches. Equally good as container and garden specimens, these generally grow 18 inches to 3 feet (45 to 90 cm) tall and 2 to 4 feet (60 to 120 cm) wide. They don’t tolerate freezing temperatures, however, so they need to winter indoors in cold climates.
Planting and Care Although succulents generally require minimal care, most have one need that is absolute: good drainage. Many have shallow roots that spread out so they can take advantage of even brief rainstorms. But the roots succumb to disease if they stay damp. The right soil depends on rainfall where you live. In desert areas, some succulents grow even in clay. In wetter climates, though, mix sand and airy lava rock into the planting area. Dig holes only as big as the nursery containers or even a little less deep, so that the plant crowns don’t settle below the surface. Mulch with pea gravel to keep surface moisture to a minimum. For containers, mix two-thirds gravel or lava rock and one-third loam if you live where there is a lot of rain. In a dry climate, reverse the proportions. Most important, don’t overwater. Though container plantings need more water than those settled into the ground, probe the soil to be sure it is thoroughly dried out before watering. And always empty any standing water from saucers. In garden areas, feel the soil 3 to 4 inches (7.5 to 10 cm) below the surface to make sure it’s thoroughly dry before giving plants a good dousing. Occasional rainfall may mean you’ll only need to water succulent plantings now and then, even during the sultriest weeks of the year. That’s when you may really appreciate the savings bonus these plants offer—not just the lower water bill, but the extra hours freed up from coddling your summer garden.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年09月20日
Dummer. ゛☀
Looking for a drought tolerant but lovely flower to fill in a troublesome dry area in your garden? You may want to try planting Delosperma (Ice Plants). Ice Plant flowers add a bright splash of color to the drier parts of your garden and ice plant care is easy. Keep reading to learn more about these pretty plants and how to grow an Ice Plant in your garden. Delosperma is a succulent, perennial ground cover with daisy-like flowers. Delosperma is not called an Ice Plant because it is cold hardy, but rather because the flowers and leaves seem to shimmer as though covered in frost or ice crystals. The plants grow to be about 3 to 6 inches (7.5 to 15 cm) tall and 2 to 4 feet (5 to 10 cm) wide.
Growing Conditions Delosperma flowers grow in USDA plant hardiness zones 5-9 and will bloom for most of the summer and fall. Their foliage is mostly evergreen and, because of this, they make a great year-round ground cover. While the plant is evergreen, it will often have some dieback of foliage in the winter. Delospermas prefer full sun but can tolerate some light shade in the garden. Because Delosperma are succulents, they do not tolerate wet soil, though they do well in poor soils. In fact, wet soil, especially during the winter months, is likely to kill the plants. In areas where the soil stays consistently dry, this plant can become invasive, so it is best to take this into consideration when planting it.
Propagating The Ice Plant can be propagated by division, cuttings or seeds. If propagating by division, it is best to divide the plants in the spring. Cuttings can be taken anytime in the spring, summer or fall. When grown by seeds, scatter the seeds on the surface of the soil and do not cover them, as they need light to germinate.
General Care Once they are established, Delospermas require little maintenance. As succulents, they need very little watering and thrive in drought-like conditions. In addition, these plants need little to no fertilizing. Simply plant your Ice Plant flowers and watch them grow!
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年09月20日
Dummer. ゛☀
Go with Compatible Plants Succulents either grow in the cool or warm seasons. Some grow in October until April when they go dormant. Warm season plants go dormant in October.
Choose the Right Container Plants with shallow roots or that tend to rot faster do best in low or unglazed containers. Plants with leggy roots or those that require more water thrive in deep containers made of glazed, ceramic, fiberglass or plaster. In “The Plant Recipe Book”, Baylor Chapman has created an easy-to-follow, illustrated guide to creating succulent arrangements at home. She puts succulents in wood frames and boxes, logs and metal vessels, glass cylinders and handmade pottery.
Soil Aeration and Drainage Bagged cactus mix sold at stores can be too organically rich for most plants so add extra pumice, says Matt Maggio, who creates succulent installations and container gardens for private clients and at Sherman Library and Gardens in Corona del Mar. He recommends two parts cactus mix for every one part pumice. Matt Maggio’s all-purpose soil recipe: 50-60 percent pumic, 30 percent core (a lightweight substance made of ground coconut husks, which holds moisture and nutrients) and 10-20 percent humus.
Top Covering isn’t Just for Looks Finishing the surface off with rocks can help control weeds and moisture, and regulate soil temperature. Lining the inside of the pot with bubble wrap helps insulate the plant from excessive heat, which can cause root dieback.
A Break from Mid-Day Sun In nature, succulents often escape the elements by hiding in the shade of larger plants or rock crevices. So offer your succulent afternoon shade.
Watering Schedule will Vary Water only during the growing season. “I don’t like to keep the mix wet all the time — you want to let the surface dry out a little bit before you water again”, Maggio says. “Conversely, you don’t want it to get bone dry or you’ll stress the plant. When a plant is water-stressed, it’s going to be dull looking, soft and malleable. When it’s well watered, it’s going to be plump, shiny and firm”.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年09月20日
Dummer. ゛☀
The genus Fenestraria (Baby Toes or Window Plant) is found in the winter rainfall region of southeastern Namibia and South Africa. The dwarf plants form mats or small clumps in sandy soil. The leaves are flat-topped and windowed, with generally only the uppermost portion exposed in the wild. They possess thick, fleshy roots. The currently recognized species in this genus is F. rhopalophylla. Each leaf has a leaf window, a transparent window-like area, at its rounded tip, it is for these window-like structures that the genus is named (Latin: fenestra). Because of their modest size, Fenestrarias are best grown in a pot, either by themselves or in a mixed succulent bowl.
Growing Conditions and General Care Fenestraria prefer sandy soil and should be watered sparingly at all times to avoid root rot and split leaves. They need to be kept somewhat dry in the summer. Mix equals parts potting soil with pumice or perlite. Outdoors, grow in full to part sun; indoors, provide bright indirect light. Water thoroughly when soil is dry to the touch. Fenestrarias are somewhat frost tolerant, but protection is advisable to prevent scarring.
Propagating They are usually propagated by seed but sometimes by cuttings. Like many succulents, Fenestrarias produces offsets as the clusters of leaves mature and spread. These are easy to divide from the main clump and will readily produce another plant. The seeds from the plant germinate sporadically and grow extremely slowly. Faster Fenestrarias are achieved by dividing off the side growth.
Pests and Diseases Good drainage is essential to prevent root rot. Otherwise, this genus is pretty oblivious to pests and diseases.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年09月20日
Dummer. ゛☀
Cleistocactus is a genus of columnar cacti native to mountainous areas of Peru, Uruguay, Bolivia and Argentina and can be found growing in large shrubby clumps mixed in with other vegetation or clamoring over boulders. The name comes from the Greek “kleistos” meaning closed because the flowers hardly open. Some might say that Cliestocactus is a genus of quantity over quality. That is, many of the features of this genus are small, but profuse. The stems are typically only an inch (2.5 cm) or so in diameter, but branch readily at the base to form noticeable clumps. The spines in general are likewise small and flexible, but in most cases are very numerous even to the point of obscuring the stems. This trait is continued with the flowers. Many species have flowers that resemble little tubes of lipstick or firecrackers. Yet the stems may be full of these flowers with many buds in the making. In the right conditions a plant my have flowers open every day of the year. Several species are extremely popular in cultivation and are among the most common of cactus in nurseries worldwide; the two most popular of all being Cleistocactus strausii and Cleistocactus winteri.
Growing Conditions and General Care Choose a location that gets full sun and has well-draining soil. Water Cleistocactus during the spring and summer when the top inch (2.5 cm) of soil dries out. During the fall, reduce watering to every five weeks if the ground dries out. In winter, keep Cleistocactus dry or the moist ground combined with the cool temperatures and dormancy may cause the roots to rot. Fertilize Cleistocactus with a low-nitrogen fertilizer during the active growth period. A slow-release fertilizer applied in the spring will be sufficient for the whole year.
Propagation It is possible to propagate by cutting a small branch from a Cleistocactus and rooting it, but this inevitably leaves a disfiguring scar near the base of the main stem. If an offset is removed to be used in propagation, remember to let it dry for a week or so, letting the wound heal. Rooting usually occurs within 3-8 weeks. It is therefore best to raise Cleistocactus from seed. Be sure to get the seeds from a reputable source.
Problems Watch for infestations mealy bugs and spider mite.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年09月20日
Dummer. ゛☀
Everyone knows what a cactus is, but they probably don’t know a lot about the history of a cactus and all the information as to the meaning of it. The word cactus was actually derived from the Greek word “Kaktos” and this word applied to a plant that they had which had spiny thistles on it. But, the cactus is also known by few other names, some people call it the “Mother-in-law’s Cushion” and you can imagine where that came from. A cactus actually symbolizes endurance as it is a plant that can really stand up to the test of time and the elements.
Description There are so many different varieties of the cactus plant; you will see that depending on what is out there, you will have all kinds of different looks depending on the different species. You will see that there are some cacti that are extremely tall; there are other ones that are short, there ones that you can put in a little pot in your house. You have so many different choices, different colors, and different species that are going to look different and really have those distinct looks.
Uses Generally, most people aren’t giving away a cactus for a Valentine’s Day gift, but they are using them as gifts. You will see a lot of people give a cactus to a friend or family member in a great little pot so that they can grow it. These plants symbolize endurance and to someone that is going through a hard time or even someone that is extremely determined, this is a great gift to give them with great meaning. Otherwise, most people that purchase a cactus are using it for a landscaping item, they are using it to jazz up the desert front yard that they have. Cacti are great for when you need to take up a lot of space in a yard and are in a climate where you just don’t have a lot of choices.
Why do People Plant the Cactus? With a cactus, they are easy to grow; you just have to make sure that you know what you are doing. There are all kinds of different options out there and you need to make sure that the one you are growing is going to do ok in the area that you are located in. The important thing to remember with any cactus plant is that they are going to need to be grown in an extremely dry climate or area. If you are growing it in your home, you need to know when to water it and when to leave it alone, all of this is crucial and will make a huge difference in if it lives. With a cactus you want to make sure that it is extremely well drained, so that if it does get too much water it is able to drain out of wherever you are growing it. Too much water will actually kill a plant and will ruin all the work you’ve put into it.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年09月20日
Dummer. ゛☀
Elephants eat it, but you need not fear for your Portulacaria unless you have a pet pachyderm. The plant is a succulent with fleshy, glossy leaves that grows as a small bush. They are only hardy in USDA plant hardiness zones 10 and 11. Elephant Bush (Portulacaria afra) thrive in bright light in a warm, draft free room. A few rules on how to care for Elephant Bush will help you grow a specimen of interest that may be a stand-alone plant or part of an intricate succulent garden. Elephant Bush plant may get 6 – 20 feet (15 – 50 cm) tall in habitat where it is a favorite food of elephants. In the home interior, it is much more likely to remain just a few feet tall. The bush has thick succulent brown stems with small tender green leaves that resemble a diminutive Jade Plant.
Growing Conditions The home interior is an excellent place to grow Elephant Bush houseplants. Portulacaria care requires warm temperatures and bright light. After a dormant period in winter, the bush produces small pink flowers grouped in clusters at the ends of the branches. These succulents need well drained soil and an unglazed pot that will help excess moisture evaporate. The best mixture for this type of plant is cactus soil or potting soil cut by half with sand, vermiculite or pumice. Choose a location with indirect sunlight when growing Elephant Bush indoors. Overly bright sunlight can char the leaves and cause them to drop off. Ensure that the container you choose has wide drainage holes. Elephant Bush work well as part of a succulent display with plants that require similar care and situations.
General Care Portulacaria care is similar to other succulent plants. If planted outdoors in warm climates, dig in 3 inches of sand or gritty material to provide well drained soil. Watch for pests like whitefly, spider mites and mealybugs. The most common mistake made in succulent plants is watering. They are drought tolerant but do require watering from April to October. In winter the plants are dormant and you may suspend watering. Elephant Bush plants in the home interior should not have consistently wet feet. Make sure the pot drains well and don’t leave a saucer with water sitting under the container. Fertilize in late winter to early spring with an indoor plant fertilizer diluted by half.
Propagation Like most succulents, Elephant Bush is easy to reproduce from cuttings. Take cuttings in spring or summer for best results. Let the cutting dry out and callous for a couple of days and then plant the cutting in damp gritty soil in a small pot. Place the cutting in a moderately lit area where temperatures are at least 65˚F (18˚C). Keep the soil lightly moist and in a few weeks the cutting will root and you will have a new elephant bush succulent to share with a friend or add to your collection.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年09月20日
Dummer. ゛☀
Carpobrotus, commonly known as Pigface, Ice Plant, and Hottentot Plant, is a genus of ground-creeping plants with succulent leaves and large daisy-like flowers. The name refers to the edible fruits. It comes from the Ancient Greek karpos (“fruit”) and brota (“edible”). The genus includes about 20 accepted species. Most are South African, endemics, but there are at least four Australian species and one South American. Various Carpobrotus species are invasive introduced species in suitable climates throughout the world. The harm they do is variable, and sometimes hotly debated, when balanced against their value as firebreaks and as food for wildlife.
Growing Conditions Carpobrotus is a perennial plant in its chosen zones but also thrives as an annual in colder areas. The best temperature range for the succulent is between 40 and 100 ˚F (4 – 14 ˚C), but some protection from the sun’s scorching rays may be required in the higher temperature ranges. Growing Carpobrotus in planters prevents it from spreading in those areas where that is a concern. Freezing temperatures may cause the plant to die back, but it will resprout in spring in temperate area.
Propagation Stem cutting is the fastest way to propagate this fast growing plants. Seeds are also available and you may start them indoors at least six weeks before the date of the last frost.
General Care Ice plants are notoriously un-fussy. As long as their soil drains well, the soil is allowed to dry out between watering and the plant receives pinching or pruning to keep it in shape, there is little more to be done. The only serious threats to the plant’s health are spittle bugs and some root rots and stem rots. You can avoid the rot by minimizing overhead watering during periods in which the plant will not dry off before nightfall. The bugs will remove themselves if you spray with a horticultural soap. Growing Carpobrotus in containers is ideal, and you can overwinter them in temperate regions. Just bring the pot in and water it deeply. Cut back the plant and let it dry out and languish for the winter in a warm location. In March, resume regular watering and move the plant to a full light situation where it has some protection from burning rays. Gradually reintroduce the plant to temperatures outdoors until it can tolerate a full day outside.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年09月20日
Dummer. ゛☀
Frithia are low-growing evergreen succulent perennials with erect, club-shaped leaves with a clear window at the apex, and solitary, daisy-like red to purple flowers in late winter. The genus Frithia was established by N.E. Brown (1925), a taxonomist based at Kew Herbarium. At that stage no species were assigned to this genus and only later was a full description of Frithia pulchra given (Brown 1926). It was named after Frank Frith (1872 – 1954), a railway services gardener stationed at Park Station, Johannesburg, who took the specimens to Brown at Kew while on a visit to London. Brown named Frithia in honour of the man who brought him the specimens. The specific epithet “pulchra” is derived from the Latin “pulcher” meaning beautiful.
Growing Conditions Light: The plant will take as much light as you can give it, but fierce sunshine could “scorch” the plant. In habitat the plant overcomes this problem by only having the leaf tips showing above the ground. Soil: An open compost is essential and if the only pot available is a deep one fill the bottom half with coarse grit or gravel. Water: Frithia is not shy of water and should be watered regularly during the growing season, but the water must be able to drain away quickly. Keep the plant dry in winter. Fertilizer: When in growth feed every two or three weeks with a low nitrogen liquid fertilizer.
General Care Frithia is a summer grower and relatively easy to cultivate. It need light sporadic watering during its winter resting period and requires moderate sprinkling in summer as it is rot prone if kept too moist when the heat turns off its growth cycle. Gritty, well drained soil, containing a small amount of organic material will keep this species happy. Frithia can be grown in pots or out of doors in a rockery. Soak the compost fully but allow it to dry out perfectly between waterings. Under-watering can lead to disastrous results, so be generous with water in summer. Nearly all problems occur as a result of overwatering and poor ventilation, especially when weather conditions are dull and cool or very humid. Keep dry in the winter. It does well in full blazing sun, as well as whit some shade in summer.
Propagation Frithias can be sown from seed sown in a gritty sandstone medium or propagated vegetatively by division.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年09月20日
Dummer. ゛☀
Astrophytum is a genus of four North American cacti, all of which are found in Mexico and some of which appear in the United States as well. Known for their beauty, these are quite popular among domestic cacti for their flowering habit; their flowers are usually yellow or white. Astrophytums grow solitary bodies, but some species will become short columnar later in life if properly maintained. Some also have distinctive white flecks on their bodies. Many of these cacti are prized: for example, Astrophytum asterias is extremely valued by the Japanese, especially the ‘Super Kabuto’ strain. However, they are extremely difficult to cultivate and are often grafted onto an Echinopsis for best results; most gardeners would be better off sticking with Astrophytum ornatum or Astrophytum myriostigma, both of which are highly rated. Astrophytums are ribbed and covered in aureoles from which sharp spines protrude, and these spines can be black or golden. They’re usually slow growing, and though mature specimens are quite impressive it can take years to nurture an Astrophytum to that level. Their free-growing flowers, however, which stick up from the apex, are quite lovely, and if properly grown these are among the more pleasant species of North American cacti.
Growing Conditions Light: Very sunny conditions, with hours of direct sunlight every day. Water: Astrophytums like dry conditions, with sporadic watering in the summer and then a dry winter. During the growing season, water infrequently. Temperature: They like hot temperatures above 70˚F (21˚C) during the summer and then prefer cooler, more temperate winters. Soil: Typical cactus potting soil should be fine, ideally one containing some loam or peat. Fertilizer: Fertilize during the growing season with a balanced, diluted fertilizer like a 20-20-20 mixed into their water.
Propagation They propagate by seed, and their seeds are fairly fragile: be gentle with them before planting. They also have a fairly short shelf life and need to be planted quickly after harvesting to have a reasonable chance at rooting. When planting them, make sure they’re in well-aerated soil, then seal the newly planted seeds in to help catch moisture and heat. It can help to soak seeds before they’re planted.
Repotting Repot regularly to help them develop. Astrophytums should be repotted at the beginning of the growing season for best results, allowing them to grow into the impressive specimens for which the genus is known. Protect your hands before repotting due to their stiff spikes and lift the plant out all at once, then replace in a larger pot and backfill with soil. Don’t overwater or overfeed newly repotted cacti, as disturbances can be hard on them.
Grower’s Tips Astrophytums are not vigorous plants and they require a lot of patience to reach their full potential. Keep regularly watering and feeding them during the growing season and repot annually to give them space to develop. They need a temperate, dry winter as well, and make sure not to overwater them to avoid rotting their roots. If given sufficient care, they will develop marvelous flowers once they reach maturity. Watch out for common cactus pests like aphids and scale, as well—these can often be taken care of by a good eco-friendly pesticide, or simply wiped away with cloth.
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