动态第851页 - 绿手指 - 养花技巧、花生病了怎么办、花园打理和设计

2017年08月30日

If there ever was a flower you just had to grow, brugmansia is it. The plant is in the toxic Datura family so keep it away from children and pets, but the massive blooms are nearly worth any risk. The plant produces a season long display of 6- to 8-inch trumpet-shaped blooms in hues of pink, yellow and white. Knowing how to fertilize brugmansias will enhance and extend the parade of these brilliantly colored flowers.[图片]Feeding Angel’s Trumpet Brugmansia is also known as angel’s trumpet because of the large drooping blooms. The plant can grow to a massive shrub in good lighting and, with good care, up to 8-10 feet tall. The blooms release an intoxicating scent in the night air, adding to their angelic mien. Brugmansia is a voracious feeder and thrives when fed frequently. Plant food enhances most plant’s growth by providing extra macro-nutrients not found in soil – nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium – which are commonly found NPK ratios on fertilizer products. N – The first number on any fertilizer formula is the nitrogen, which directs strong plant growth and stem and leaf formation. P – The second number is phosphorus, which assists with bloom and fruit production. K – The third number, potassium, enhances roots and overall plant health. The type of fertilizer for brugmansia depends upon the time of development. During initial growth, use a balanced fertilizer such as a 20-20-20. By the time buds begin to form, alternate with one higher in phosphorus to promote bigger, lustier blooms.[图片]When to Feed Brugmansia Plants Every two weeks is when to feed brugmansia according to the American Brugmansia and Datura Society. Angel’s trumpet requires high amounts of additional nutrients to achieve maximum size and blooms. Use the all-purpose fertilizer once per week during its start-up period, then begin the higher phosphorus formula once per week about 3 to 4 weeks before bloom time. The best type of fertilizer for brugmansia is a water soluble one, which is readily available for the plant to uptake. Start at half dilutions when the plant is little and graduate to the full dose once the plant is mature. Water any fertilizer in well.[图片]How to Fertilize Brugmansias Young brugmansia can take 2 to3 years to flower from a hybrid cross. Most nurseries sell them ready to bloom, but if you are self-propagating, your young plant will need special care. Besides the macro-nutrients your young plant needs: Magnesium Iron Zinc Copper[图片]You can find these in a good all-purpose plant food starters. These are easy to apply either as a foliar drench or watered into soil. When young plants are ready to repot, use a time-release fertilizer mixed into the soil for slow, gradual nutrient release. Feeding angel’s trumpet frequently will result in big spectacular bloom shows all summer long.

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2017年08月30日

The classic, trumpet-shaped flowers of brugmansia make it a favorite of gardeners everywhere, but brugmansia diseases can stop this plant’s display short. Because brugmansia is a close relative of tomatoes, issues with brugmansia are similar to those of its popular cousin. Treating sick brugmansia plants starts with correct identification of the pathogen involved.[图片]Disease Problems of Brugmansia Understanding the pathogen is the best way to get started with diseased brugmansia care. Although this list is far from exhaustive, being able to recognize these common brugmansia diseases will help you make the right care decisions for your plant: Bacterial Leaf Spot – Caused by the bacteria Xanthomonas campestris pv. hederae, bacterial leaf spot is encouraged by high humidity. It appears as a series of small brown spots surrounded by a yellow halo and can spread rapidly. When it appears, thin your plants to increase air circulation, clean up any fallen plant debris and remove all affected leaves to slow or stop the infection.[图片]Downy Mildew – This common fungal disease is caused by a number of fungal pathogens, but it always appears similarly. When you notice irregular yellow spots on the tops of your plant’s leaves and a webby or cottony growth on the underside, you’ve got downy mildew. You can treat it easily with neem oil, applied to both sides of the leaves at 7- to 14-day intervals for several weeks. Powdery Mildew – Powdery mildew is very similar to downy mildew and is treated in the same way. Instead of the fungal mass being on the underside of the leaf though, a powdery, mealy substance appears on the top of the leaf. Both diseases can be deadly if left untreated and plants may benefit from a reduction in the humidity level.[图片]Root Rot – Common soil fungi, like Pythium, are responsible for destroying the roots of brugmansia when the soil has remained waterlogged for an extended period. Sick plants will wilt readily and may appear less vigorous, but you won’t know for certain you’ve got root rot unless you dig your plant and check the roots. Black, brown or soft roots, or those whose sheaths slide off readily are already dead or dying. You can sometimes save these plants by repotting them in dry soil with excellent drainage and watering them well. Never leave a plant in standing water, as this only encourages root rot. Verticillium Wilt – A devastating and all-too-common problem, verticillium wilt is the result of pathogenic fungus that enters the affected brugmansia’s transport tissues through the root system and rapidly multiplies. Plants typically will die in sections, with yellow leaves appearing all along one stem early in the disease. As it spreads, more of the plant wits and drops. There is no cure for verticillium wilt, but planting future brugmansia in sterile soil can help to prevent it from taking hold.[图片]Viruses – Tobacco mosaic and tomato spotted wilt viruses are the most common viruses among brugmansia. Tobacco mosaic causes a distinctive mosaic pattern of yellow and green areas on the leaf, along with deformed fruits and flowers. Tomato spotted wilt stunts plant growth and causes brown to black streaking on stems, as well as leaf deformity and yellow veins. Unfortunately, viruses are for life in plants. All you can do is destroy the infected brugmansia to prevent spreading the disease to nearby plants.

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2017年08月30日

Also known as angel trumpet or simply “brug,” brugmansia is a shrubby plant with masses of impressive, trumpet-shaped flowers measuring up to 20 inches in length. The stunning blooms appear from spring until early winter. Although little care is required to grow this beauty, brugmansia pests and diseases may compromise the health and longevity of the plant.[图片]Brugmansia Diseases The most common Brugmansia diseases include: Fungal wilts Fungal issues affecting brugmansia include fusarium and verticillium wilt. Both diseases, which enter the plant through the roots and travel up the stem, block transmission of water and cause stunted growth and wilted foliage. Fusarium wilt is usually seen in warm weather, while verticillium is more common when the weather is cool. There are no practical chemical controls for fusarium and verticillium wilt, and the fungi can live in the soil for long periods. The best recourse is to begin with healthy, disease-resistant plants and grow them in contaminant-free potting medium.[图片]Mosaic virus Tobacco mosaic virus is identified by mosaic-like, yellow or light green areas. Although the virus rarely kills the plant, it can affect its appearance. Once infected, the disease remains for the life of the plant. Root rot Rot is a common, usually deadly, fungal disease caused by excessive watering. To prevent root rot, keep the potting mix moist, but never soggy, during the summer months. Decrease watering when temperatures drop in late summer or autumn.[图片]Pests of Brugmansia Brugmansia problems include pests such as: Whiteflies Weevils Thrips Scale Aphids Mites Take steps to control the pests without chemicals; avoidance of insecticides is an important aspect of pest management. Chemicals are counterproductive because they kill insects such as lady beetles and lacewings that help keep pests in check. Insecticidal soap is useful in the control of sap-sucking insects and poses minimal danger to beneficial insects. Use the product only as directed, and never spray when beneficial insects are present on the leaves. Neem oil is another option.[图片]Tomato hornworms are a different type of pest that can defoliate a plant quickly. The best control is to hand-pick the large, caterpillar-like pests, which are most often seen in mornings and early evenings. If squishing the pests makes you squeamish, drop them into a container of soapy water. Leave hornworms alone if you notice small larvae feeding on the pests. The larvae are trichogramma, parasitic wasps that are extremely effective when it comes to eating the eggs of numerous garden pests. These tiny wasps are highly beneficial in the garden, and they don’t sting.

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2017年08月30日

Often known simply as “Brug,” brugmansia is a distinctive plant with big, fuzzy leaves and huge, drooping, trumpet-shaped blooms as long as your foot and interesting bean-like seedpods. This flashy tropical plant is surprisingly easy to grow, but it helps to know exactly how to water brugmansias.[图片]When to Water Brugmansia The frequency of brugmansia irrigation depends on a number of factors, including temperature, sunlight, time of year, and whether the plant is in a pot or in the ground. The key is to get acquainted with your brugmansia and it will tell you when it’s thirsty. Basically, water the plant when the top of the soil feels dry to the touch and the leaves begin to look a little wilted. How much water does brugmansia need? As a general rule, the plant will require fairly large amounts of water during the summer. If your brugmansia is in a pot, you may need to water it every day when the weather is hot and dry. Brugmansia in the ground needs water less frequently. Potted brugmansia should be watered sparingly and allowed to dry out somewhat during the winter months, but don’t allow your plant to become completely bone dry.[图片]How to Water Brugmansia Watering brugmansia plants isn’t difficult. If possible, fill a watering can or bucket with water a day or so before you plan to water your brugmansia. This will allow harmful chemicals to evaporate and your plant will be happier and healthier. Pour the water over the soil slowly until water trickles through the drainage hole, then let the pot drain thoroughly. Never let the bottom of the pot stand in water; soggy, poorly drained soil invites root rot, a disease that is often fatal. A pot with a drainage hole is an absolutely necessity.[图片]Give the plant a nutritional boost by mixing a general-purpose, water-soluble fertilizer into the water every couple of weeks or so.

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2017年08月30日

Brugmansia is an eye-catching flowering plant native to Central and South Americas. The plant is also known as angel trumpet due to its 10-inch long blooms. Brugmansia angel trumpet is a monster of a plant and can grow up to 12 feet tall. These plants are not winter hardy but can be grown as annuals in northern climates in the summer. Growing brugmansia in ground works well in United States Department of Agriculture zones 9 to 12. Try a brugmansia in the garden for show-stopping color and dynamic proportions.[图片]Brugmansia Angel Trumpet Brugmansia are a popular collector’s plant. There are seven species of brugmansia but innumerable cultivars. The seven species are listed as extinct in the wild and today these plants are grown as ornamental specimens. Brugmansia are heavy feeders and require quite a bit of water. Good brugmansia plant care will result in a small tree decorated with dangling trumpet-shaped flowers. Caring for brugmansia outdoors requires warm temperatures and a sunny location with protection from midday sun.[图片]Brugmansia are divided into two groups that are genetically and regionally different. The warm group prefers warmer, sunny locations while the cool group flowers best in cooler temperatures. Both groups produce massive, woody stemmed plants with alternate toothed leaves, up to 12 inches long. The gigantic blooms are pendant and may be white, pink, yellow, orange, green or red with single, double or even triple petals. The flowers are very showy and often bear an attractive scent. Most brugmansia are pollinated by butterflies and they have a host relationship with many species. One brugmansia species is pollinated by a hummingbird.[图片]Planting Brugmansia in Ground Using brugmansia in the garden setting offers exotic impact with surprising ease of care. Amend the soil with plenty of organic material and loosen to a depth of a foot before installing the plant. Many gardeners prefer to grow the plants in containers so it is easy to move them indoors over winter. Gardeners in southern regions can simply plant them in a prepared garden plot. Some growers swear that brugmansia grow best in shade with only morning sun. They can also handle full sun but they may get wilted and stressed during the hottest point of the day. A better solution might be to choose a partial shade location. The most important consideration once you have chosen the location is good drainage and consistent moisture. Brugmansia angel trumpet is a huge feeder and needs plenty of moisture to sustain the massive amount of plant matter it produces.[图片]Brugmansia Plant Care Caring for brugmansia outdoors in summer is no trickier than any other plant so long as it gets 3 inches of water per week and a liquid feeding at least once per month. Brugmansia in warm climates will maintain a dormant state in winter but those in northern climates will either die if left outdoors or must be moved inside before cold weather threatens. Use a good commercial potting soil and a pot large enough to contain the root mass. Brugmansia respond well to pruning in spring. Most pruning consists of cutting back the branch tips to a growth node, but the plant can also withstand a hard pruning to within a few inches of the ground.[图片]Brugmansia are prey to the standard sucking insects and some caterpillars and larvae. Use horticultural insecticide soaps to control any unwanted visitors.

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2017年08月30日

Once the sun comes out and the temperatures warm up, even temperate and northern gardeners get bit by the tropical bug. Garden centers know you are craving plants that scream sunshine, warm beaches and exotic flora, so they stock tropical and semi-tropical plants that won’t have a chance of living through your winters. Brugmansia is one of these species. How cold can Brugmansias get and still survive? The United States Department of Agriculture sets Brugmansia cold hardiness in zones 8 to11.[图片]Brugmansia Cold Tolerance One of the most high drama plants is the Brugmansia. Also known as Angel Trumpets, Brugmansia is a shrub-like tropical perennial in warm zones but is grown as an annual in cold climates. This is because there are not hardy Angel Trumpets, and the plants cannot withstand cold temperatures. The plants can be overwintered indoors with reasonable success, so you can save them and have another chance at viewing the tremendously large hanging blooms in your landscape.[图片]This plant is not considered a hardy plant, which means it cannot withstand freezing temperatures. While the zones the plant can live in are 8 to 11, Brugmansia cold tolerance in zone 8 is marginal with some shelter and deep mulching, as temperatures may get down to 10 or 15 degrees Fahrenheit (-12 to -9 C.). Zones 9 to 11 stay between 25 and 40 degrees Fahrenheit (-3 to 4 C.). If any freezing occurs in these zones, it is very brief and doesn’t usually kill the roots of the plants, so Brugmansia can be left outdoors in winter. Overwintering Brugmansia indoors in any of the lower zones is recommended or the plants will die.[图片]Overwintering Brugmansia Since there are no truly hardy Angel Trumpets, it is useful to know your zone and take appropriate action in cool regions to save the plant. If you are in an area where temperatures regularly freeze in winter, you need to start tricking the plant into dormancy in late summer to early fall. Stop fertilizing Brugmansia by July and reduce watering in September. Gradually, this will push the plant into a dormant state as temperatures get cooler. Remove 1/3 of the plant material to reduce the possibility of damage during moving and prevent excess moisture loss from transpiration.[图片]Before any freezing temperatures are expected, move the plant to a cool, frost free area such as the basement or possibly an insulated garage. Just make sure the area doesn’t freeze and temperatures are between 35 and 50 degrees Fahrenheit (1 to 10 C.). During winter storage, water infrequently but keep the soil lightly moist. Once temperatures begin to warm up, bring the plant out of the area in which it has been hiding and gradually introduce it to brighter and brighter light. Container plants will benefit from repotting and new soil. Harden off the plants before putting them outside. Over the period of several days reintroduce the plants to outdoor conditions, such as wind, sun and ambient temperatures, then plant them in the ground or leave the containers outside when nighttime temperatures do not fall below 35 degrees Fahrenheit (1 C.).[图片]Once you see new growth, begin fertilizing monthly with liquid fertilizer to boost green growth and help form the 6-inch flowers. Taking a little care to remember Brugmansia cold hardiness and get these plants indoors in time before any frosts can ensure that you enjoy them for years and years.

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2017年08月30日

Not all of us are lucky enough to grow bottle palms in our landscape, but for those of us who can…what a treat! These plants bear their name due to the trunk’s strong resemblance to a bottle. The trunk is swollen and rounded when young, becoming more elongated as the palm matures. Bottle palm is a true palm that is native to the Mascarene Islands where warm, balmy temperatures and loose, sandy soil form the plant’s habitat. Planting a bottle palm in northern climates is not recommended, as they are not frost hardy. Southern gardeners, however, should know how to grow a bottle palm tree and make use of this unique and stunning tropical plant.[图片]Bottle Palm Tree Info Plants develop all sorts of amazing adaptations to help them survive. Bottle palm trees have evolved with thickened trunks topped with scaly crowns. The purpose is unclear but might have been a water storage device. Whatever the reason, the trunk makes for a standout silhouette in the garden or even as a potted plant. Caring for a bottle palm tree is a low maintenance chore due to its slow growth and drought tolerance once established. The bottle palm is a true palm in the family Arecaceae. Its scientific name is Hyophorbe lagenicaulis. The last part of the name is from two Greek words, ‘lagen’ meaning flask and ‘caulis’ meaning stem. The name literally contains an important clue to the plant’s form.[图片]More interesting bottle palm tree info is hidden in the first part of the name, Hyophorbe. Broken down, ‘hyo’ means pig and ‘phorbe’ means fodder – an indication that the tree’s fruit was fed to pigs. These palms only get 10 feet in height but sport fronds that may grow 12 feet in length with 2-foot long leaflets. The trunk is smooth and grayish white topped with scraggly leaf scars from old, departed fronds.[图片]How to Grow a Bottle Palm Tree Bottle palm trees require warm temperatures all year and tend to prefer drier soils. They are cultivated in Florida, southern California, Hawaii and other warm climates. Northern gardeners can grow the smaller trees in containers and bring them indoors before any frost threatens. The site conditions that are optimal to bottle tree palm care are sunny, well-drained soil with plentiful potassium, either in site or added annually as a feed. When planting a bottle palm, dig a hole twice as deep and wide as the root ball. Add sand or topsoil to increase drainage and install the palm at the same depth it was growing in its pot. Do not hill soil around the stem. Water well initially to help the plant develop deep roots. Over time, this tree can tolerate drought for short periods of time and it even withstands saline soils in coastal situations.[图片]Bottle Palm Tree Care One of the key areas of bottle tree palm care is provisions for protection from frost. Tie up the fronds gently and wrap the tree in a blanket or other insulating cover if cold temperatures are predicted. Even a light freeze can cause fronds to brown and die. Bottle trees are not self-cleaning, but wait until the weather warms up to trim off dead leaves. They can provide further insulation during the winter months. Fertilize in early spring with a high potassium ratio food. Watch for pests and disease, and combat any signs immediately.[图片]Caring for a bottle palm tree is nearly effortless provided they are in good soil, bright light and get moderate moisture.

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2017年08月30日

It’s no wonder the scientific name of the exceptional Bismarck palm is Bismarckia nobilis. It’s one of the most elegant, massive and desirable fan palms you can plant. With a stout trunk and symmetrical crown, it makes a great focal point in your backyard.[图片]Planting Bismarck Palm Trees Bismarck palms are huge, gracious trees native to the island of Madagascar, off the east coast of Africa. If you are planting Bismarck palm trees, be sure that you reserve enough space. Each tree can grow to 60 feet high with a spread of 16 feet. In fact, everything about this attractive tree is oversized. The silvery-green copalmate leaves can grow to 4 feet wide, and it isn’t unusual to see trunks as thick as 18 inches in diameter. Experts do not recommend growing Bismarck palms in a small backyard since they tend to dominate the space. Growing Bismarck palms is easiest in U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 10 through 11, since the species can be damaged by freezing temperatures. Bismarck palm care is not difficult or time-consuming once the tree is established in an appropriate location.[图片]Growing Bismarck Palms Plant this stunning palm in full sun if you can, but you can succeed at growing Bismarck palms in partial sun too. Select a wind-protected area if possible, since these trees can be injured in windstorms. Soil type is not critical, and you’ll do fine planting Bismarck palm trees in either sand or loam. Keep an eye out for soil deficiencies. When you are trying to care for a Bismarck palm tree, you will have problems if your soil lacks potassium, magnesium or boron. If a soil test reveals a deficiency, correct it by using a controlled-release granular fertilizer of 8-2-12 plus micronutrients.[图片]Bismarck Palm Care Aside from mineral deficiencies, you won’t have much to worry about to care for a Bismarck palm tree. Irrigation is important when the palm is young, but established palms are drought tolerant. They also resist disease and pests. You can prune this palm during every season. However, only remove leaves that are completely dead. Cutting partially dead leaves attracts pests and depletes a palm’s potassium supply.[图片]

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2017年08月30日

Bismarck palm is a slow-growing, but ultimately massive palm tree, not for small yards. This is a landscaping tree for monumental scale, but in the right setting it can be a beautiful and regal tree to anchor a space and accent a building. Watering a new Bismarck palm is crucial for ensuring it grows and thrives.[图片]About the Bismarck Palm The Bismarck palm, Bismarckia nobilis, is a large sub-tropical palm tree. It is a solitary palm that is native to the island of Madagascar, but which does well in zones 9 through 11 in the U.S. thriving in areas like Florida and southern Texas. It grows slowly, but can go up to 50 feet (15 m.) high with a crown that can reach up to 20 feet (6 m.) across.[图片]How to Water Newly Planted Bismarck Palms A Bismarck palm is a big investment, both in time and money. The tree only grows one to two feet (30 to 60 cm.) per year, but over time it grows quite large. To ensure that it will be there for years to come, you need to know when to water Bismarck palms, and how. Not watering a new Bismarck palm could have disastrous consequences. Bismarck palm watering can be tricky. To get it right, you need to water your new palm so that its roots stay moist for the first four to six months, without letting it get waterlogged. Good drainage is crucial, so before you plant the tree, make sure the soil will drain well. A good basic guideline is to water the palm every day for the first month and then two to three times per week for the next several months. Continue watering once a week for about the first two years, until your palm is well established.[图片]A good rule of thumb for the amount of water you should use at each watering is to go by the container the Bismarck palm came in. For example, if it arrived in a 25-gallon (95-liter) container, give your new tree 25 gallons of water each time, a little more in hotter weather or less in cooler weather. New Bismarck palm watering is a real commitment, but this is a grand tree that needs care to thrive, so don’t neglect it.

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2017年08月30日

If you have a large property that needs some shade, consider growing beech trees. American beech (Fagus grandifolia) is a stately tree that makes a big impression when grown singly on an open site or when used to line driveways on large estates. Don’t try growing beech trees in an urban setting though. The branches on this huge tree extend low on the trunk, creating an obstacle to pedestrians, and the dense shade makes it nearly impossible to grow anything under the tree.[图片]Beech Tree Identification It’s easy to recognize a beech tree by its smooth, gray bark, which the tree keeps throughout its lifespan. In shady sites, beech trees have a massive, straight trunk that soars to a height of 80 feet or more. The crown stays small but dense in shade. The trees are shorter in full sun, but they develop a large, spreading crown.[图片]Beech tree leaves are about 6 inches long and 2 ½ inches wide with saw-tooth edges and lots of side veins. The flowers generally go unnoticed. Small, yellow male flowers bloom in round clusters along the branches and tiny, red female flowers bloom at the ends of the branches in early spring. After pollination, the female flowers give way to edible beech nuts, which are enjoyed by a number of small mammals and birds. The American beech is the variety commonly seen in the United States, although there are several types of beech trees found throughout Europe and Asia. The American hornbeam (Carpinus caroliniana) is sometimes called blue beech, but it is an unrelated species of small tree or shrub.[图片]Beech Tree Planting Plant beech trees in a good, rich, acidic soil that isn’t compacted. It likes moist, well-drained soil. The dense crown spreads 40 to 60 feet at maturity, so give it plenty of room. Beech trees live 200 to 300 years, so choose the site carefully. Dig the planting hole two to three times wider than the root ball to loosen the soil around the planting area. This encourages the roots to spread into the surrounding soil rather than staying in the hole. If the soil isn’t particularly rich, add a few shovels full of compost to the fill dirt. Don’t add any other amendments at planting time.[图片]Care of Beech Trees Newly planted beech trees need plenty of moisture, so water them weekly in the absence of rain. Mature trees withstand moderate drought, but they’ll do best with a good soaking when you’ve been a month or more without a drenching rain. Spread a 2 or 3 inch layer of mulch over the root zone of young trees to help the soil retain moisture. Once the dense crown develops, mulch is no longer necessary, but it keeps the bare ground around the tree looking neat. Beech trees need regular fertilization. Spread the fertilizer over the root zone and then water it in. Use a pound of 10-10-10 fertilizer for each 100 square foot of the root zone. The root zone extends a foot or so beyond the canopy of the tree.

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