动态第449页 - 绿手指 - 养花技巧、花生病了怎么办、花园打理和设计

2017年11月27日

Enoki mushrooms, Flammulina velutipes, sprout white bodies with thin stems and traditional mushroom caps. Like other mushrooms species, including shiitakes and oysters, enokis are sometimes used medicinally, to treat liver infections and boost immune system responses. Some even believe that these tiny mushrooms can help reduce tumors. Growing these enokis at home requires careful application of warmth, cold and humidity at different times during the growth cycle. [图片]Step 1 Clean and sterilize clear plastic bottles or cylinders, each measuring about 8 inches tall. Wash the bottles with antibacterial soap and rinse thoroughly with warm water to ensure that no residual soap remains. Step 2 Mix aged hardwood sawdust or professional mushroom growth medium with enoki spawn. You can find the spawn, as well as growing mediums, at garden centers, nurseries or mushroom-specialty retailers. The spawn must be thoroughly mixed into the medium to encourage growth. Step 3 Fill the plastic bottles with the inculcated growing medium. Store the bottles in an area with temperatures ranging between 72 and 77 degrees F and a relative humidity above 90 percent. Light exposure does not matter; the humidity and high temperature will encourage the spawn to grow. [图片]Step 4 Check the bottles after two weeks of growth. You should see thin strands of mycelium starting to spread throughout the bottle; this is essentially the mushroom roots. Keep the enoki spawn in the warm, humid environment until the mycelium has completely covered the growing medium; this can take anywhere from two weeks to a month. Step 5 Transport the bottles to a cool area, with temperatures ranging between 50 and 65 degrees F. Humidity can drop as low as is necessary in this cooler place. Again, sun exposure does not matter. The sudden change in atmosphere will cause the mycelium to produce the characteristic mushroom bodies; these can be harvested within 60 days of initial production.

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Miss Chen

2017年11月27日

Morel mushrooms belong to the Morchella genus, which contains at least six species. Cooks highly prize these mushrooms for their delicate, earthy flavor, especially in French cuisine. Morel mushrooms are difficult to grow on a large scale, so mushroom hunters meet commercial needs by harvesting wild morel mushrooms. Private gardeners also grow morel mushrooms indoors, although these mushrooms are slow to produce the fruiting bodies commonly known as caps. [图片]Step 1 Punch drainage holes in the bottom of a shallow metal tray such as a cake pan to use as a fruiting tray. Clean the tray with a 5 percent solution of bleach to sterilize the pan. Step 2 Prepare a substrate containing 50 percent organic compost, 30 percent potting soil and 20 percent sand. Add enough powdered limestone to this mixture to raise the soil pH to 7.2. Fill the trays to a depth of 2 inches with the substrate. Step 3 Soak the substrate with water and allow it to drain completely. Add the morel mushroom spawn to the substrate according to the manufacturer's instructions. Step 4 Place the fruiting tray indoors in a temperature-controlled growing room with no light. Maintain a temperature between 65 and 70 degrees Fahrenheit with at least 90 percent humidity. Hard lumps of mycelium known as schlerotia should form on the surface of the substrate in four to six weeks. [图片]Step 5 Refrigerate the fruiting tray at 39 degrees Fahrenheit for two weeks. Slowly add 2 oz. of water to the fruiting tray for every square foot of the tray's surface area. Allow the water to drain from the fruiting tray for a full day. Step 6 Place the fruiting tray back in the growing room. Keep the relative humidity of the room above 90 percent and maintain it at a temperature of about 72 degrees Fahrenheit. Use grow lights to provide 12 hours of light and 12 hours of darkness. The stalks of the morel mushrooms should appear within one week. Harvest the mushroom caps as they grow.

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Miss Chen

2017年11月27日

Picky morel mushrooms require exact soil, temperature and moisture levels in order to produce the edible fruiting bodies that mushroom hunters consider delicacies. For this reason, it is often difficult to propagate morel mushrooms to encourage larger yields in hunting grounds and to propagate additional morel mushroom patches nearer a hunter's home. Though successful yields depend upon specific, strict and somewhat mysterious conditions, spreading morel mushroom spores to encourage those higher yields and development of new patches is relatively easy. [图片]Step 1 Collect wild morel mushrooms from their natural locations to use spores from those mushrooms to propagate additional mushrooms. Search the woods near your home, or at state and national parks that allow mushroom hunting. Morel hot spots include the vicinities of ash trees, fallen and rotting logs, and in areas recently burned in forest fires. Step 2 Cut the fruiting bodies -- the stems and caps -- of the morel mushroom at the ground, leaving the underground root system of the fungi intact. Interconnected root systems of the morel mushrooms may spread over large areas of the forest and will reproduce more efficiently if you leave them intact when harvesting the fruiting bodies. Step 3 Place harvested morel mushrooms in mesh grocery bags or make your own breathable bags from the red mesh sacks used to contain potatoes and onions on grocery store shelves. The open design of the bags prevents morels from sweating as they would in plastic grocery bags and allows morel spores to fall to the forest floor as you continue morel hunting. This will encourage higher yields of morels in your hunting site. [图片]Step 4 Spread morel mushrooms on old towels, sheets or newspapers to dry. Space mushrooms so they do not touch. As the mushrooms dry, spores will fall onto the towels, sheets or newspapers, creating yellow and brown spots. Step 5 Remove and bag the dried mushrooms for storage. Take the towels, sheets or old newspapers outdoors and shake the morel spores off, over an area you intend to use as a new morel patch. Newspapers printed with soy-based ink that does not contain chemical additives may be spread on the ground and covered with a layer of forest soil and rotting leaves. This layer of rotting leaves is full of the nutrients and minerals necessary to encourage growth and mimic the morel's natural habitat.

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Miss Chen

2017年11月27日

Mushrooms are the product or fruit of fungus-infested soil and can produce rather quickly taking over a lawn. The fungus feeds off decaying substances in the soil, such as old rotting mulch, dying tree stumps and animal feces. Removal of lawn mushrooms can be difficult, once the fungus has infested a large portion of the yard. Chemical products are one way to rid the yard of the mushrooms and fungus, but are more likely to work once the matter the fungus is feeding on is removed. [图片]Fertilizer Fertilizers containing nitrogen not only stimulate lawn growth, but can also rid the lawn of mushrooms. Nitrogen rich soil provides the perfect base for a fast growing lawn, but also increases organic waste and matter decomposition times. Nitrogen also speeds up the growth and breakdown of the mushroom systems, lessening the lifespan of the fungus. Fungicides Fungicides, available in both powder and liquid form, are chemical compounds used in the removal of different types of fungi. Depending on the type of fungicide used, the chemical may either slow the growth of the fungus, keeping new growth from being reproduced or kill the fungus, causing both the fruit and root system to die. Fungicides must be used with care, especially when used in gardens or on lawns where pets and children walk or play. Lime Lime, used by gardeners to prevent pests from eating plants and raise the soils acidity levels in gardens and lawns, can also help slow the growth of mushrooms. Lime raises the PH level of the soil. While grass and some flowering plants thrive in a higher PH level soil, mushrooms prefer lower PH levels and will not grow well or produce fruit in acidic soils. While lime will not actually kill the mushrooms, it can work to slow and eliminate the fungus when used in conjunction with other lawn chemicals. [图片]Considerations While chemical products can slow the growth of fungi and even, at times, eliminate it from a lawn, fungus growth is a sign of a rich soil environment and fruit may reappear if soil conditions remain fertile. Removal of animal feces and other decaying matter, such as rotting tree stumps, can help eliminate the growth of fungi. Lawns mowed on a regular basis may also help slow the spread of growing fungi fruit. Homeowners should also not use fungus infested lawn clippings in compost, as the fungus can easily spread to any area where the compost is used.

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Miss Chen

2017年11月26日

[图片]麦冬百合科沿阶草属多年生常绿草本植物，根较粗，中间或近末端常膨大成椭圆形或纺锤形的小块根，茎很短，叶基生成丛，禾叶状，苞片披针形，先端渐尖，种子球形，花期5-8月，果期8-9月。麦冬原产中国，日本、越南、印度也有分布。中国南方等地均有栽培。生于海拔2000米以下的山坡阴湿处、林下或溪旁。麦冬的小块根是中药，有生津解渴、润肺止咳之效。 [图片]麦冬草的药用价值在中药中，麦冬草的性味是甘、微苦、性微寒。麦冬草入药有着养肺的作用，麦冬草可以润肺清心，化痰止咳，还能抑制呕吐。《本草纲目》中认为麦冬是极好的养阴润肺的药品。麦冬还可以养胃，如果有厌食的情况，还可以用麦冬来开胃进食。麦冬一般用来治疗肺燥干咳、心烦失眠、肠燥便秘等等症状。麦冬对心脑血管疾病也有很好的预防和治疗的作用，麦冬可以降低血糖、抗心律失常，对老年人非常好。但是麦冬不能长期服用，容易有副作用，要在医生的指导下服用。麦冬草的园林作用麦冬草虽然没有娇艳的花朵，麦冬草的花朵是非常朴素的淡紫色的，但是麦冬草十分容易种植，并且麦冬草一年四季都是常绿的，非常耐寒也非常耐旱，另一方面，麦冬草不容易发生病虫害，所以十分适合作为城市绿植。此外，虽然普通品种的麦冬草其貌不扬，但是近年来逐渐培养出了新品种的观赏价值较高的麦冬草，更加适合作为园林观赏。麦冬草的经济价值麦冬草的块茎有很多功效，是一种较为名贵的中草药，所以这是一种价值比较高的经济作物，在中医药中有广泛的作用。是具有一定的经济价值的。

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Miss Chen

2017年11月26日

[图片]长春蔓喜温暖、湿润和阳光充足的环境。对光照要求不严，尤以半阳环境生长最佳。为常绿植物，有一定耐寒能力，每年6-℃8月和10月为生长高峰。耐寒，耐水湿。宜肥沃、疏松和排水良好的砂质壤。 [图片]长春蔓的观赏价值长春蔓具有较高的观赏价值。长春蔓叶子翠绿，花朵精致，可观花亦可观叶，可盆栽种植也可园林种植，因此，长春蔓的观赏性非常高。长春蔓的园林价值长春蔓可用作园林种植植物。长春蔓四季常青，叶形秀美，初夏盛开蓝色花朵，十分美丽，常用作园林栽培植物。因为它叶形秀美，花色艳丽，亦可作为花境植物，配植于假山石、卵石或其他植物周边，增添几分意境。因为长春蔓是一种四季常绿的植物，同时还具有耐冬寒和酷夏的特点。在此基础上，长春蔓又拥有绚丽的花色，美丽的外形，这无形之间提升了长春蔓的园林价值。即便是在寒冷的冬天，长春蔓仍然以绿色的身影点缀着周围，岂不是美哉。长春蔓的绿化价值长春蔓是很好的绿化植物。因为长春蔓体积小，生长迅速，四季常绿，用作绿化再合适不过了。可在花园、林总成片栽植长春蔓，随着长春蔓的生长很快就会覆盖相当大的范围，变成绿化植被。将长春蔓栽于建筑物基地和斜坡，有利保持水土。长春蔓也可以作为岩石、高坎及花坛边缘的垂直绿化。长春蔓的其他价值长春蔓亦可用作垂吊式盆栽，将长春蔓的盆栽悬吊在高处，任其茎蔓自然下垂，可为居室平添动人的情趣。长春蔓外形优美，枝蔓十分漂亮，可用作插花材料。

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Miss Chen

2017年11月26日

[图片]棕竹，又称观音竹、筋头竹、棕榈竹、矮棕竹，为棕榈科棕竹属常绿观叶植物。有叶节，包以有褐色网状纤维的叶鞘。丛生灌木，高2-3m，茎干直立圆柱形，有节，直径1.5-3cm，茎纤细如手指，不分枝，有叶节，上部被叶鞘，但分解成稍松散的马尾状淡黑色粗糙而硬的网状纤维。 [图片]棕竹的观赏价值棕竹为我国传统的优良盆栽观叶植物。它株形紧密秀丽，叶色浓绿而有光泽，叶片铺散开张如扇，有热带棕悯的韵味，是很好的观叶植物。适宜配置廊隅、厅堂、会议室，每月轮换且次。在长江流域以南，是庭院、窗前、路旁等半阴处常绿装饰植物。棕竹株丛挺拔，叶形秀丽，配植于窗前、路旁、花坛、廊隅处，均极为美观，也可盆栽培装饰室内，或制作盆景。棕竹能净化空气棕竹的功能类似龟背竹，同属于大叶观赏植物的棕竹能够吸收80%以上的多种有害气体，净化空气。同时，棕竹还能消除重金属污染并对二氧化硫污染有一定的抵抗作用。当然，作为叶面硕大的观叶植物，他们最大的特点就是具有一般植物所不能企及的消化二氧化碳并制造氧气的功能。棕竹的药用价值棕竹的叶叶可入药，全年均可采收，切碎，晒干。入肝、肾二经，有收敛止血的功效，主鼻衄；咯血；吐血；产后出血过多。棕竹的根也可入药，可祛风除湿；收敛止血，主治：风湿痹痛；鼻衄；咯血；跌打劳伤。

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Miss Chen

2017年11月26日

[图片]铁线蕨，铁线蕨科，多年生草本，高0.1-0.6米。因其茎细长且颜色似铁丝，故名铁线蕨。铁线蕨也是钙质土的指示物。由于其畏干燥及强烈光照，须放置到没有阳光直射的地方养护。广布于台湾、福建、广东、广西、湖南、湖北等地，常生于流水溪旁石灰岩上或石灰岩洞底和滴水岩壁上，为钙质土的指示植物，海拔100-2800米。具有观赏和药用等价值。 [图片]1、观赏价值在蕨类植物中，铁线蕨是栽培最普及的种类之一。茎叶秀丽多姿，形态优美，株型小巧，极适合小盆栽培和点缀山石盆景。由于黑色的叶柄纤细而有光泽，酷似人发，加上其质感十分柔美，好似少女柔软的头发，因此又被称为“少女的发丝”；其淡绿色薄质叶片搭配着乌黑光亮的叶柄，显得格外优雅漂逸。它喜阴，适应性强，栽培容易，更适合室内常年盆栽观赏。作为小型盆栽喜阴观叶植物，在许多方面优于文竹。小盆栽可置于案头、茶几上；较大盆栽可用以布置背阴房间的窗台、过道或客厅，能够较长期供人欣赏。铁线蕨叶片还是良好的切叶材料及干花材料。 2、净化环境铁线蕨每小时能吸收大约20微克的甲醛，因此被认为是最有效的生物"净化器"。成天与油漆、涂料打交道者，或者身边有喜好吸烟的人，应该在工作场所放至少一盆蕨类植物。另外，它还可以抑制电脑显示器和打印机中释放的二甲苯和甲苯。 3、药用价值铁线蕨可祛风，活络，解热，止血，生肌。治风湿瘙痹拘挛，半身不遂，劳伤吐血，跌打，刀伤，臁疮。清热利尿，散瘀止血，舒筋活络。用于上呼吸道感染，肝炎，痢疾，泌尿道感染，鼻衄，咯血，呕血，便血，脚气水肿，风湿骨痛，荨麻疹，半身不遂，手脚麻木，跌打损伤；外用治外伤出血，骨折，疮痈，小腿溃疡。　流行性感受冒、感冒、咳嗽、肝炎、痢疾、腰痛、尿道结石、乳痛、痨伤、跌打损伤、烧烫伤、蛇咬伤、疔毒，具有很高的药用价值。

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Miss Chen

2017年11月26日

[图片]珊瑚藤别名凤冠、凤宝石。蓼科，珊瑚藤属，常绿木质藤本。繁殖可用播种或扦插法，其根肥厚，茎蔓攀力强可达10米以上。花多数密生成串，呈总状，花期3－12月果圆锥形，原产于中美洲地区。现中国台湾、海南、广州等地有栽培。珊瑚藤夺目壮观，是园林和垂直绿化的好植物，也是有观赏价值的花卉之一。有“藤蔓植物之后”之称。 [图片]珊瑚藤的室内观赏用途珊瑚藤花形娇柔，花期为每年的3——12月，花期极长。花开时节色彩艳丽，繁华开满枝头。珊瑚藤花繁且具微香，给夏季增添别样的风采。珊瑚藤作为盆栽可以装饰客厅、会馆，也可作切花、插花和花篮。珊瑚藤的园林用途珊瑚藤花期长达10个月，几乎全年可以开花。枝叶繁茂，或鲜绿，或翠绿。适宜成片种植，漫步于公园、游乐场，与家人一起欣赏这繁葱的珊瑚藤，也饶有趣味。珊瑚藤还可种植在自家的花园中，庭院中。试想，搭一处棚架，任其自由攀爬生长，开花之时，仿佛置身于广阔的自然之中，岂不快哉？珊瑚藤的其他作用珊瑚藤如其他绿色植物一样，也是可以净化空气的。能够让人们所处环境更加的纯净，可以有效吸附二氧化硫等有害气体。在室内，珊瑚藤能够吸收空气中的苯、甲醛等装修残留有害物质，保护人们的身体健康。此外珊瑚藤的块根也可供人食用。

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Miss Chen

2017年11月26日

Oyster mushrooms are found in clusters sprouting from dead, and sometimes fallen, trees. They can be spotted from late fall to spring, almost all over the world. The spores of oyster mushrooms are collected for cultivating. Oyster mushrooms are typically eaten in soups and stews because of their subtle, nutty flavor. Growing oyster mushrooms from the spores includes swabbing the spore print with a cotton swab and wiping the spores onto a petri dish for cultivation. [图片]Step 1 Cut off the stem of the oyster mushroom at the base of the fan-shaped cap. Cut below the white bottom of the cap. Step 2 Place the oyster mushroom cap on the dark colored paper with the underside down on the paper. This side has the gills that hold the spores. Step 3 Place the glass cup or bowl over the mushroom cap and place the setup in a cool and dry place for 48 hours. [图片]Step 4 Remove the glass cup or bowl and the mushroom to find a white spore print where the spores have collected on the paper.

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